A photovoltaic air conditioner that stores cold energy

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic air conditioning technology, specifically relating to a photovoltaic air conditioner with cold energy storage. A photovoltaic air conditioner with cold energy storage includes: a solar photovoltaic panel; a solar controller connected to the solar photovoltaic panel; a battery connected to the solar controller; a smart relay connected to the battery; a compressor connected to the smart relay; a condenser with its inlet connected to the compressor's exhaust end; a filter with its inlet connected to the condenser's outlet; a capillary tube with its inlet connected to the filter's outlet; an evaporator with its inlet connected to the capillary tube's outlet and its outlet connected to the compressor's suction end via a pipe; a cold storage tank storing cold liquid; and an indoor unit with an internal circulation pipe and a circulation pump connected to the circulation pipe; the circulation pipe is connected to a cold exchanger. This utility model can balance the supply and demand mismatch between daytime photovoltaic power generation and nighttime cooling demand, ensuring the continuity and stability of the cooling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic air conditioning technology, specifically relating to a photovoltaic air conditioner that stores cold energy. Background Technology

[0002] Air conditioning, as a core device for regulating indoor temperature and humidity and ensuring human comfort, is increasingly widely used, and its energy consumption accounts for a consistently high proportion of total building energy consumption. Traditional air conditioning systems rely on municipal power grids for power supply, and the production of electricity from these grids is primarily based on fossil fuels such as coal and oil. This not only results in the massive consumption of fossil fuels but also causes serious negative impacts on the atmospheric environment and ecological balance due to pollutants such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfides released during the combustion of fossil fuels.

[0003] To address the energy dependence and environmental issues of traditional air conditioning, photovoltaic (PV) air conditioning technology has emerged. PV air conditioning directly converts clean solar energy into electricity through solar photovoltaic panels to drive the air conditioning system, representing a typical direction for the deep integration of building energy conservation and new energy applications. Early PV air conditioning systems operated by storing electricity generated by solar photovoltaic panels in batteries to meet the air conditioning's operational needs during nighttime and cloudy / rainy weather periods without sunlight. This initially achieved a clean energy substitution for traditional fossil fuels and demonstrated certain energy-saving potential in areas with abundant sunshine.

[0004] However, existing photovoltaic air conditioners still have the following problems: First, there is a conflict between battery capacity and cost. To ensure the stable operation of photovoltaic air conditioners for several consecutive days, existing systems must be equipped with large-capacity batteries to store electrical energy. However, large-capacity batteries are not only expensive to purchase, but also have a short lifespan. Furthermore, the recycling and disposal process for used batteries is complex and can easily cause secondary environmental problems such as heavy metal pollution. This directly leads to high overall purchase and maintenance costs for photovoltaic air conditioners, severely restricting their market promotion and widespread adoption.

[0005] Secondly, there are efficiency bottlenecks in the refrigeration cycle and energy storage. Existing photovoltaic air conditioners mostly use a single mode where electricity directly drives refrigeration. The cold energy generated by the refrigeration cycle (a loop consisting of components such as a compressor, condenser, and evaporator) is often used "on the spot," lacking efficient means of storing this cold energy. When there is sufficient sunlight and excess photovoltaic power generation, if the excess electricity is stored only in batteries, significant energy waste will occur due to efficiency losses during battery charging and discharging. Furthermore, when peak cooling demand overlaps with off-peak photovoltaic power generation periods, the system must rely on high-current battery discharge to maintain operation. This not only further exacerbates battery wear but also makes it difficult to guarantee the stability and continuity of the cooling effect.

[0006] Based on this, the development of a new type of photovoltaic air conditioner that shifts from single energy storage to "energy turnover + cold energy storage" is of great significance for promoting the further development and widespread application of photovoltaic air conditioning technology.

[0007] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic air conditioner that stores cold energy, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art of photovoltaic air conditioners.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A photovoltaic air conditioner for storing cold energy, comprising: Solar photovoltaic panels are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. A solar controller, connected to the solar photovoltaic panel, is used to regulate the transmission and storage of electrical energy; A storage battery, connected to the solar controller, is used to store electrical energy and provide backup power. A smart relay, connected to the battery, is used to automatically close or open the circuit; The compressor, connected to the intelligent relay, is used to consume electrical energy to compress the refrigerant; The condenser has its inlet connected to the exhaust end of the compressor and is used to dissipate heat and condense the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor; a fan is provided next to the condenser. The filter, with its inlet connected to the outlet of the condenser, is used to filter impurities in the liquid refrigerant. The capillary tube, with its inlet connected to the outlet of the filter, is used to throttle and reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant. The evaporator has its inlet connected to the capillary outlet, and its outlet connected to the compressor suction end via a pipe. A cold storage tank contains a cold storage liquid; the evaporator is completely immersed in the cold storage liquid in the cold storage tank so that the cold energy can be transferred to the cold storage liquid through the absorption of heat by the vaporization of the refrigerant. The indoor unit has an internal circulation pipe with a circulation pump installed on it; the circulation pipe is connected to a cold exchanger immersed in the cold storage liquid in the cold storage tank via a metal pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the circulation pipe and the metal pipe are filled with a flowing low-condensation-point liquid.

[0011] Furthermore, the circulating pipe lowers its own temperature by exchanging heat with the low-condensing-point liquid inside, thereby absorbing heat from the indoor air to achieve cooling.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer surface of the metal pipe and the cold storage tank is provided with a heat insulation layer.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The storage battery of this utility model supplies power to the compressor for cooling, converting electrical energy into cold energy and storing it in the cold storage unit. After the battery discharges, the freed-up capacity space is used to store new electrical energy generated by the solar photovoltaic panel. This process is repeated continuously, and the storage battery acts as an intermediate energy transfer warehouse. The largest energy storage warehouse is the cold storage unit. The capacity of the storage battery is sufficient to serve as an intermediate energy transfer warehouse. Therefore, the capacity of the storage battery does not need to be very large. A relatively small capacity will also serve the above function. With a smaller required battery capacity, the overall battery cost will also be reduced accordingly.

[0014] (2) This utility model converts excess photovoltaic power during the day into cold energy and stores it in the cold storage liquid of the cold storage device, thus realizing the efficient conversion of electrical energy. Moreover, the cold energy storage can balance the supply and demand mismatch between the photovoltaic power generation period during the day and the cooling demand period at night, ensuring the continuity and stability of the cooling effect. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Explanation of key figure labels: 1. Solar photovoltaic panel; 2. Solar controller; 3. Battery; 4. Compressor; 5. Condenser; 6. Filter; 7. Capillary tube; 8. Evaporator; 9. Cold storage tank; 10. Indoor unit; 11. Metal pipes; 12. Cold exchanger; 13. Circulation pump; 14. Smart relay. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of this utility model patent will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Example

[0017] See appendix Figure 1 A photovoltaic air conditioner for storing cold energy, comprising: Solar photovoltaic panel 1, used to convert solar energy into electrical energy; Solar controller 2, connected to solar photovoltaic panel 1, is used to regulate the transmission and storage of electrical energy; Battery 3 is connected to solar controller 2 and is used to store electrical energy and provide circulating power. Intelligent relay 14, connected to battery 3, is used to automatically close or open the circuit; Compressor 4, connected to intelligent relay 14, is used to consume electrical energy to compress refrigerant; The condenser 5 has its inlet connected to the exhaust end of the compressor 4 and is used to dissipate heat and condense the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 4; a fan is provided next to the condenser 5. Filter 6, with its inlet connected to the outlet of condenser 5, is used to filter impurities in the liquid refrigerant; Capillary tube 7, with its inlet connected to the outlet of filter 6, is used to throttle and reduce the pressure of liquid refrigerant; Evaporator 8, the inlet is connected to the outlet of capillary tube 7, and the outlet is connected to the suction end of compressor 4 through a pipe; The cold storage tank 9 stores cold liquid inside; the evaporator 8 is completely immersed in the cold liquid in the cold storage tank 9 so that the cold energy can be transferred to the cold liquid through the absorption of heat by the vaporization of the refrigerant.

[0018] The indoor unit 10 has an internal circulation pipe with a circulation pump 13 on it. The circulation pipe is connected to a cold exchanger 12 immersed in the cold storage liquid in the cold storage tank 9 via a metal pipe 11. The circulation pipe and the metal pipe 11 contain flowing low-condensing-point liquid. The circulation pipe and the low-condensing-point liquid inside it exchange heat to reduce their own temperature, thereby absorbing heat from the indoor air to achieve cooling.

[0019] In this embodiment, an insulation layer is provided on the outer surface of the metal pipe 11 and the cold storage 9; an intelligent relay 14 is provided between the battery 3 and the compressor 4, with the positive and negative terminals of the battery 3 connected to the intelligent relay 14, and the two wires of the compressor 4 also connected to the intelligent relay 14. After the battery 3 is fully charged, the intelligent relay 14 closes the circuit, and the battery 3 supplies power to the compressor 4 for cooling, so that electrical energy can be converted into cold energy and stored in a timely manner.

[0020] Solar photovoltaic panel 1 receives solar radiation and converts solar energy into direct current (DC) electricity through the photovoltaic effect. Solar controller 2 monitors the output power of solar photovoltaic panel 1 and the remaining capacity of battery 3 in real time. Once battery 3 is fully charged, solar controller 2 stops charging battery 3, thus allowing battery 3 to receive and store electrical energy.

[0021] After the battery is fully charged, the intelligent relay automatically closes the circuit, and the battery 3 supplies power to the compressor 4. When the compressor 4 is running, it compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which is then discharged from its exhaust end. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser 5, where it releases heat and condenses into a medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which then flows out from the outlet of the condenser 5. The medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows through the filter 6, which filters out impurities such as metal debris and dirt generated during system operation, and then enters the capillary tube 7. The capillary tube 7 reduces the pressure and temperature of the liquid refrigerant through the throttling effect of its small diameter, converting it into a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid mixture. The low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid mixture enters the evaporator 8, which is completely immersed in the cold storage liquid, and rapidly vaporizes within the evaporator 8, causing the surface temperature of the evaporator 8 to drop and absorbing heat from the cold storage liquid in the cold storage tank 9. The cold storage liquid continuously absorbs the cold energy from the evaporator 8, and its temperature gradually decreases from the initial room temperature, storing the cold energy in the form of the low-temperature cold storage liquid. After vaporization, the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which flows out from the outlet of the evaporator 8 and flows back to the suction end of the compressor 4, where it is compressed again by the compressor 4, completing the closed-loop cycle of the refrigerant. During the entire refrigeration cycle, the battery 3 continuously releases electrical energy. After the temperature of the cold storage liquid drops to a suitable temperature, the charge of the battery 3 drops to 20-30%, freeing up capacity for the battery to receive new electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel, thus realizing the conversion of "electrical energy to cold energy".

[0022] When indoor cooling is required, the indoor unit 10 starts, and the circulation pump 13 works, driving the low-condensing-point liquid in the metal pipe 11 and the circulation pipe of the indoor unit 10 to flow. The liquid first flows through the cold exchanger 12, which is completely immersed in the cold storage liquid. Through the cold exchanger 12, the heat of the liquid is transferred to the cold storage liquid, and then the liquid temperature drops. The low-temperature, low-condensing-point liquid flows into the circulation pipe of the indoor unit 10 through the metal pipe 11. The heat of the indoor air is absorbed by the low-temperature circulation pipe and the liquid in the pipe, achieving the cooling effect. After releasing the cold energy, the low-condensing-point liquid flows out from the circulation pipe of the indoor unit 10 and flows back to the cold exchanger 12, transferring the heat to the cold storage liquid and cooling it down, forming a "low-condensing-point liquid closed-loop circulation".

[0023] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the present invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic air conditioner for storing cold energy, characterized in that, include: Solar photovoltaic panels are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. A solar controller, connected to the solar photovoltaic panel, is used to regulate the transmission and storage of electrical energy; A storage battery, connected to the solar controller, is used to store electrical energy and provide backup power. A smart relay, connected to the battery, is used to automatically close or open the circuit; The compressor, connected to the intelligent relay, is used to consume electrical energy to compress the refrigerant; The condenser has its inlet connected to the exhaust end of the compressor and is used to dissipate heat and condense the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor; a fan is provided next to the condenser. The filter, with its inlet connected to the outlet of the condenser, is used to filter impurities in the liquid refrigerant. The capillary tube, with its inlet connected to the outlet of the filter, is used to throttle and reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant. The evaporator has its inlet connected to the capillary outlet, and its outlet connected to the compressor suction end via a pipe. A cold storage tank contains a cold storage liquid; the evaporator is completely immersed in the cold storage liquid in the cold storage tank so that the cold energy can be transferred to the cold storage liquid through the absorption of heat by the vaporization of the refrigerant. The indoor unit has an internal circulation pipe with a circulation pump installed on it; the circulation pipe is connected to a cold exchanger immersed in the cold storage liquid in the cold storage tank via a metal pipe.

2. The photovoltaic air conditioner with energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulation pipes and metal pipes contain flowing low-condensation-point liquids.

3. The photovoltaic air conditioner with energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circulating pipe lowers its own temperature by exchanging heat with the low-condensing-point liquid inside, and then absorbs heat from the indoor air to achieve cooling.

4. The photovoltaic air conditioner with energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the metal pipes and the cold storage tank is provided with a heat insulation layer.

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