Ventilation structure of rail transit station

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rail transit site ventilation structure, include: ventilation pavilion, wind power drive arrangement, it includes the wind turbine of setting in ventilation pavilion top and the pump body of setting in ventilation pavilion inside, the pivot of wind turbine is connected with the input shaft of pump body through transmission mechanism, water collecting tank is set in ventilation pavilion upper portion for collecting rainwater, water storage tank is set in ventilation pavilion inside and is communicated with water collecting tank through first pipeline, spray assembly includes spray pipe and a plurality of atomizing nozzles, the spray pipe is communicated with the water outlet of pump body through second pipeline, and the atomizing nozzle is set in the air inlet channel of ventilation pavilion. The utility model discloses through the reasonable utilization of wind energy, rainwater, realizes effective cooling on the basis of guaranteeing ventilation function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of ventilation structures. More specifically, this utility model relates to a ventilation structure for rail transit stations. Background Technology

[0002] To ensure effective ventilation and a comfortable thermal environment at rail transit stations (especially underground or semi-underground stations), existing ventilation systems require cooling of the airflow entering the station during operation. Regardless of whether natural or mechanical ventilation is used, effective cooling in current designs relies on additional energy to power the cooling equipment, such as using electricity to drive refrigeration units. This design results in the ventilation system continuously consuming a significant amount of additional energy during operation, not only significantly increasing the daily operating costs of the station but also exacerbating the energy supply load.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to design a technical solution that can overcome the above-mentioned defects to a certain extent. Utility Model Content

[0004] One objective of this invention is to provide a ventilation structure for rail transit stations that achieves effective cooling while ensuring ventilation function through the rational use of wind energy and rainwater.

[0005] To achieve these objectives and other advantages of this utility model, according to one aspect of this utility model, a ventilation structure for a rail transit station is provided, comprising: a ventilation pavilion; a wind-driven device including a wind turbine disposed on the top of the ventilation pavilion and a pump body disposed inside the ventilation pavilion, the rotating shaft of the wind turbine being connected to the input shaft of the pump body via a transmission mechanism; a water collection tank disposed on the upper part of the ventilation pavilion for collecting rainwater; a water storage tank disposed inside the ventilation pavilion and connected to the water collection tank via a first pipe; and a spray assembly including a spray pipe and a plurality of atomizing nozzles, the spray pipe being connected to the outlet of the pump body via a second pipe, and the atomizing nozzles being disposed within the air inlet channel of the ventilation pavilion.

[0006] Furthermore, the ventilation pavilion has a double-sloped roof structure, and the water collection trough is an open, elongated trough fixedly installed along the edge of the double-sloped roof structure to collect rainwater. The bottom of the water collection trough is connected to the water storage tank through the first pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, a first filter screen is provided at the opening of the water collection tank, and a second filter screen is provided at the bottom of the water collection tank where it connects to the first pipe. The aperture of the first filter screen is larger than that of the second filter screen.

[0008] Furthermore, the ventilation pavilion has an air inlet on its side wall, and the air inlet is equipped with louvers.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes: a water baffle plate, which is disposed in the ventilation channel of the ventilation pavilion and located downstream of the atomizing nozzle, for intercepting unevaporated mist droplets, and the surface of the water baffle plate is provided with micro-pits.

[0010] Furthermore, the baffle plate is composed of multiple parallel corrugated plates arranged in an alternating pattern to form a labyrinthine air duct, and the surface of the baffle plate is covered with a hydrophilic metal oxide coating.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism is a gear speed increaser, used to convert the low speed of the wind turbine into the high speed required by the pump body.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the water tank is provided with a drain outlet, and a drain valve is installed at the drain outlet.

[0013] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention converts natural wind energy into mechanical energy through a wind turbine, which drives the pump via a transmission mechanism. This eliminates the need for additional electrical energy, significantly reducing energy consumption and operational pressure. A water collection trough and storage tank work together to collect and store rainwater, providing a water source for the spray system. This eliminates reliance on municipal water supply, reducing water waste and combining environmental friendliness with economic efficiency. The spray system atomizes water within the air intake channel, naturally lowering the temperature of the airflow entering the site and improving the thermal environment. Furthermore, since both the spray power and water source are natural resources, no additional investment in cooling equipment or operating costs is required.

[0014] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from one angle; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another angle. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0017] It should be understood that terms such as "having," "comprising," and "including" used in the embodiments of this application do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. When an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or may have an intervening element present. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element through an intervening element. Descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., in the embodiments of this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0018] It should be noted that the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this application.

[0019] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a ventilation structure for a rail transit station, including: a ventilation pavilion 1; a wind-driven device 2, which includes a wind turbine 201 disposed on the top of the ventilation pavilion 1 and a pump body 202 disposed inside the ventilation pavilion 1, the pump body 202 including a pump casing, an impeller, an input shaft 203, a water inlet and a water outlet, the impeller being disposed inside the pump casing and connected to the input shaft 203, the rotating shaft of the wind turbine 201 being connected to the input shaft 203 through a transmission mechanism; a water collection tank 3, disposed on the upper part of the ventilation pavilion 1 for collecting rainwater; a water storage tank 4, disposed inside the ventilation pavilion 1 and connected to the water collection tank 3 through a first pipe, the first pipe being connected to the water inlet of the pump body 202; and a spray assembly, which includes a spray pipe 501 and a plurality of atomizing nozzles 502, the spray pipe 501 being connected to the water outlet of the pump body 202 through a second pipe, and the atomizing nozzles 502 being disposed in the air intake channel of the ventilation pavilion 1.

[0020] For example, the ventilation pavilion 1 is a structure used for air exchange in a rail transit station. It is typically a cuboid or cylindrical structure with a height of 4 or 5 meters and a width of 3 or 4 meters. The top is connected to the internal space of the rail transit station through a ventilation opening 101. The wind-driven device 2 is a device that converts wind energy into mechanical energy. The wind turbine 201 is a component that captures wind energy. It can be a horizontal or vertical axis type with a diameter of 1.2 or 1.5 meters. It is fixed to the center of the top of the ventilation pavilion 1 by a bracket. The pump body 202 is a fluid machine used to transport rainwater. The pump casing is a shell that encloses the impeller. It can be made of cast iron or stainless steel and is volute-shaped. The internal flow channel diameter can be 80 mm or 100 mm. It is fixed to a steel bracket inside the ventilation pavilion 1 by bolts. The bracket height can be 0.5 meters or 0.6 meters. The impeller is a rotating component inside the pump body 202. It can be made of brass or engineering plastic, with a diameter of 120mm or 150mm and 6 or 8 curved blades. It is fixed to the input shaft 203 via a key connection and rotates synchronously with the input shaft 203. The input shaft 203 is a power-transmitting shaft component, made of 45# steel or alloy structural steel, with a diameter of 20mm or 25mm. One end extends into the pump casing and connects to the impeller, while the other end extends out of the pump casing and connects to the transmission mechanism via a coupling. The shaft is equipped with a bearing housing, and the bearing can be a deep groove ball bearing, to support the rotation of the input shaft 203. The inlet is the interface for the pump body 202 to draw in rainwater. It is located on the lower part of one side of the pump casing, with a diameter of 50mm or 65mm. It connects to the first pipe via a flange, and a rubber sealing ring is installed at the connection to prevent leakage. The outlet is the interface for discharging high-pressure water from the pump body 202. It is located at the top of the pump casing and can have a diameter of 40mm or 50mm. It is connected to the second pipe via a flange and has an internal check valve to prevent backflow. When the wind turbine 201 drives the input shaft 203 to rotate via the transmission mechanism, the impeller rotates with the shaft, creating a negative pressure inside the pump casing. Rainwater in the water storage tank 4 is drawn in through the inlet via the first pipe, pressurized under the centrifugal force of the impeller, and transported from the outlet to the spray assembly via the second pipe. The transmission mechanism is the component that transmits power. It can be a gearbox and is installed between the rotating shaft of the wind turbine 201 and the input shaft 203 of the pump body 202. It is connected to both via couplings to achieve power transmission. The water collection trough 3 is a trough used to collect rainwater. It can be made of stainless steel or fiberglass, and its length can be 3 meters or 4 meters, and its width can be 0.3 meters or 0.4 meters. It is fixed to the upper edge of the ventilation pavilion 1 by welding or bolting. The trough is inclined, and the inclination angle can be 5 degrees or 8 degrees to facilitate the flow of rainwater to the outlet.The water storage tank 4 is a container for storing rainwater. It can be made of polyethylene or stainless steel and has a volume of 500L or 800L. It is placed on the ground on one side inside the ventilation pavilion 1. The first pipe is a pipe for transporting rainwater. It can be a PVC pipe or a galvanized steel pipe with a diameter of 50mm or 63mm. One end is connected to the bottom outlet of the water collection tank 3 through a flange, and the other end is connected to the top inlet of the water storage tank 4 through a thread. The spray assembly is a device that atomizes water. The spray pipe 501 is a conduit for delivering high-pressure water; it can be made of copper or stainless steel, and its diameter can be 20mm or 25mm. It is installed on the inner wall of the air inlet channel. The atomizing nozzles 502 are components that atomize water; they can be centrifugal or impact type, and there can be 4 or 6 of them, evenly distributed on the spray pipe 501. The spacing between each nozzle can be 0.5 meters or 0.8 meters, and the installation direction is towards the center of the air inlet channel. The second pipe is a fitting connecting the pump body 202 and the spray pipe 501. It can be a high-pressure rubber hose or a stainless steel hose, and its diameter can be 15mm or 20mm. One end is connected to the outlet of the pump body 202 via a clamp, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the spray pipe 501 via a thread. The air inlet 6 corresponds to the position of the atomizing nozzles, spraying and cooling the air entering through the air inlet. The airflow at the six air inlets of the ventilation shaft can rely on the piston effect to create natural airflow, or an additional induced draft fan can be installed in the ventilation duct to enhance the airflow effect, such as at ventilation opening 101. The piston effect refers to the phenomenon where a train, moving through a tunnel, acts like a piston, pushing the airflow within the tunnel and causing a change in air pressure. As the train approaches a station, the air pressure inside the tunnel increases, pushing outside air from the air inlets into the ventilation shaft and then into the tunnel. The induced draft fan is a device used to forcibly deliver air; it can be an axial flow fan or a centrifugal fan. When the airflow generated by natural airflow or the piston effect is insufficient, the induced draft fan is activated to supplement the airflow.

[0021] This embodiment converts natural wind energy into mechanical energy through a wind turbine 201, which drives the pump 202 via a transmission mechanism. This eliminates the need for additional energy sources such as electricity, significantly reducing energy consumption and operational pressure. The water collection tank 3 and water storage tank 4 work together to collect and store rainwater, providing a water source for the spray system. This eliminates reliance on municipal water supply, reducing water waste and combining environmental friendliness with economic efficiency. The spray system atomizes water within the air intake channel, naturally lowering the temperature of the airflow entering the site and improving the thermal environment. Furthermore, since both the spray power and water source are natural resources, no additional investment in cooling equipment or operating costs is required.

[0022] In another embodiment, the ventilation pavilion 1 has a double-sloped roof structure, the water collection trough 3 is an open-type elongated trough, and is fixedly installed along the edge of the double-sloped roof structure to collect rainwater. The bottom of the water collection trough 3 is connected to the water storage tank 4 through the first pipe.

[0023] For example, the double-sloped roof structure at the top of the ventilation pavilion 1 refers to a roof composed of two sloping surfaces, resembling a triangle. The inclination angle of the two slopes can be 25 degrees or 30 degrees, and the material can be color steel plate or aluminum alloy plate. It is fixed to the top frame of the ventilation pavilion 1 by purlins. The open-top elongated trough 3 refers to a trough with an open top, an overall elongated shape, and a length of 5 meters or 6 meters. The cross-section can be U-shaped or trapezoidal. The depth of the U-shaped trough can be 0.2 meters or 0.3 meters, and the upper base width of the trapezoidal trough can be 0.3 meters or 0.4 meters, and the lower base width can be 0.2 meters or 0.25 meters. The water collection trough 3 is fixedly installed along the edge of the double-sloped roof structure, specifically along the edge where the two slopes connect to the side wall of the ventilation pavilion 1. It is fixed to the edge frame of the roof by expansion bolts or welding, so that rainwater flowing down the roof slope can directly fall into the water collection trough 3. The bottom of the water collection trough 3 is connected to the first pipe, and the connection position is located at the lowest point in the length direction of the water collection trough 3 so that rainwater can be collected and flow into the pipe. The connection between the first pipe and the bottom of the water collection trough 3 can be a flange connection or a threaded connection to ensure that the connection is sealed and leak-proof. Rainwater flows naturally into the water storage tank 4 through the first pipe.

[0024] This embodiment adopts a double-sloped roof, which allows rainwater to flow quickly along the slope to the edge of the water collection trough 3. The water collection trough 3 is set along the edge, which increases the receiving area and improves the rainwater collection efficiency. At the same time, the double-sloped structure is conducive to drainage and reduces the problem of roof water accumulation.

[0025] In another embodiment, a first filter screen is provided at the opening of the water collection tank 3, and a second filter screen is provided at the bottom of the water collection tank 3 where it connects to the first pipe. The aperture of the first filter screen is larger than that of the second filter screen.

[0026] For example, the opening of the water collection tank 3 refers to the opening at the top of the tank. The first filter screen is a mesh structure used to intercept larger impurities. It can be made of stainless steel wire mesh or nylon mesh, with a pore size of 5mm or 8mm. It is fixed to the edge of the opening of the water collection tank 3 by a slot or bolts, completely covering the opening and preventing larger debris such as leaves, branches, and plastic bottles from entering the water collection tank 3. The bottom of the water collection tank 3, where it connects to the first pipe, refers to the bottom outlet of the tank. The second filter screen is a mesh structure used to intercept smaller impurities. It can be made of copper wire mesh or polyester mesh, with a pore size of 1mm or 2mm. It is clamped to the connection between the bottom outlet of the water collection tank 3 and the first pipe by a flange, or fixed to the inside of the outlet by welding. The pore size of the first filter screen is larger than that of the second filter screen; that is, when the pore size of the first filter screen is 5mm, the pore size of the second filter screen can be 1mm; when the pore size of the first filter screen is 8mm, the pore size of the second filter screen can be 2mm, forming a two-stage filtration system that first intercepts large impurities and then filters small particles.

[0027] In another embodiment, the ventilation pavilion 1 has an air inlet 6 on its side wall, and a louver is provided at the air inlet 6. Exemplarily, the side wall of the ventilation pavilion 1 refers to the walls surrounding the ventilation pavilion 1, which can be made of concrete or steel. The air inlet 6 is an opening on the side wall for introducing external air, and its shape can be rectangular or circular. The dimensions of a rectangular air inlet 6 can be 1 meter × 0.8 meters or 1.2 meters × 1 meter, and the diameter of a circular air inlet 6 can be 0.8 meters or 1 meter. The opening can be located in the lower middle part of the side wall, 1 meter or 1.2 meters from the ground. The louver is a ventilation device composed of multiple parallel blades, which can be made of aluminum alloy or plastic steel. The blade thickness can be 1 mm or 1.5 mm, and the blade spacing can be 20 mm or 30 mm. It is installed on the inside or outside of the air inlet 6 via hinges. The blades can be adjusted manually or automatically, with an adjustment range of 0 degrees to 90 degrees. This ensures air intake while preventing rainwater, dust, and small animals from entering the ventilation pavilion 1.

[0028] In another embodiment, it further includes a water baffle 7, which is disposed in the ventilation channel of the ventilation pavilion 1 and located downstream of the atomizing nozzle 502, for intercepting unevaporated mist droplets, and the surface of the water baffle 7 is provided with micro-pits.

[0029] For example, the baffle plate 7 is a plate-shaped structure used to block unevaporated mist droplets. It can be made of aluminum alloy or polypropylene, with a thickness of 2mm or 3mm, and can be flat or curved. Its dimensions can be 1m × 0.8m or 1.2m × 1m. The ventilation channel is the path for airflow inside the ventilation pavilion 1. The baffle plate 7 is located within the ventilation channel, downstream of the atomizing nozzle 502, i.e., where air flows past the atomizing nozzle 502 and then through the baffle plate 7. It is fixed to the side walls of the ventilation channel by bolts, placed perpendicular to the airflow direction or at a 45-degree angle. The micro-pits are small depressions on the surface of the baffle plate 7. They can be circular or square. The diameter of circular micro-pits can be 0.5mm or 1mm, and the side length of square micro-pits can be 0.5mm or 1mm. The depth can be 0.3mm or 0.5mm. They are evenly distributed on the surface of the baffle plate 7 with a spacing of 2mm or 3mm, and are used to temporarily store and intercept mist droplets.

[0030] The water baffle 7 in this embodiment can effectively intercept unevaporated fog droplets. The micro-pits on the surface can temporarily store fog droplets, reducing the amount of water entering the station and avoiding dampness problems inside the station. At the same time, the fog droplets can evaporate naturally in the micro-pits and re-enter the airflow, improving the water resource utilization rate.

[0031] In another embodiment, the baffle plate 7 is composed of multiple parallel corrugated plates arranged in an alternating pattern to form a labyrinthine air duct, and the surface of the baffle plate 7 is covered with a hydrophilic metal oxide coating.

[0032] For example, the multiple parallel corrugated plates of the baffle 7 refer to multiple plates with a wavy shape, kept parallel to each other. The material can be stainless steel or aluminum alloy. The length of a single plate can be 1 meter or 1.2 meters, the width can be 0.5 meters or 0.6 meters, the wave height can be 20 mm or 30 mm, and the wavelength can be 50 mm or 60 mm. These corrugated plates are arranged in an alternating manner, meaning that adjacent corrugated plates are staggered during installation, forming a tortuous channel between the plates, i.e., a labyrinthine air duct. They are fixed in the ventilation channel by brackets, and the spacing between adjacent plates can be 10 mm or 15 mm. The hydrophilic metal oxide coating is a coating applied to the surface of the baffle 7. The material can be titanium dioxide or aluminum oxide, and the coating thickness can be 5 μm or 10 μm. It is applied to the inner and outer surfaces of the baffle 7 by spraying or impregnation, which can enhance the water adsorption capacity of the baffle 7. The labyrinthine air duct in this embodiment extends the airflow path, increases the contact opportunity between the droplets and the water baffle 7, and the hydrophilic coating enhances the adhesion of the droplets. The combination of the two significantly improves the water-blocking efficiency and further reduces the moisture entering the site.

[0033] In another embodiment, the transmission mechanism is a gear speed increaser for converting the low speed of the wind turbine 201 to the high speed required by the pump body 202.

[0034] For example, the gear speed increaser of the transmission mechanism is a mechanical device that increases the rotational speed through gear meshing. It contains a driving gear and a driven gear. The driving gear can have 15 or 20 teeth, and the driven gear can have 60 or 80 teeth. The speed increase ratio can be 1:4 or 1:5. The driving gear shaft of the gear speed increaser is connected to the shaft of the wind turbine 201 via a coupling, and the driven gear shaft is connected to the input shaft 203 of the pump body 202 via a coupling. It is mounted on a bracket between the top and interior of the ventilation pavilion 1. The outer shell can be made of cast iron or cast steel, and lubricating oil is added inside to reduce gear wear. When the rotational speed of the wind turbine 201 is 50 r / min or 60 r / min, after passing through the gear speed increaser, the rotational speed of the input shaft 203 of the pump body 202 can reach 200 r / min or 300 r / min, meeting the operating speed requirements of the pump body 202.

[0035] In another embodiment, the bottom of the water tank is provided with a drain outlet, and a drain valve is provided at the drain outlet.

[0036] For example, the water tank refers to water storage tank 4, with its bottom being the lowest point of the tank. The material is the same as the main body of the tank, and can be polyethylene or stainless steel. The drain outlet is a circular opening at the bottom of the tank, with a diameter of 50mm or 65mm, located in a corner at the bottom of the tank to facilitate sediment collection. The drain valve is a valve that controls the opening and closing of the drain outlet. It can be a ball valve or a gate valve, made of brass or PVC, with a nominal diameter matching the drain outlet diameter. It is connected to the drain outlet via threads or flanges, and the valve stem extends outside the tank for easy operation. When drainage is required, the valve stem is manually rotated to open the valve, allowing the sediment at the bottom of the tank to be discharged with the water from the drain outlet. After drainage, the valve is closed. The drainage cycle can be once every one or two months.

[0037] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for simplification. Applications, modifications, and variations of the ventilation structure for rail transit stations according to this invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0038] Although the embodiments of this utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this utility model is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A ventilation structure for rail transit stations, characterized in that, include: Ventilation pavilion; A wind-powered drive device includes a wind turbine mounted on the top of the ventilation pavilion and a pump body mounted inside the ventilation pavilion, wherein the rotating shaft of the wind turbine is connected to the input shaft of the pump body via a transmission mechanism. A water collection trough, which is installed on the upper part of the ventilation pavilion, is used to collect rainwater; A water storage tank is installed inside the ventilation pavilion and is connected to the water collection tank through a first pipe; The spray assembly includes a spray pipe and several atomizing nozzles. The spray pipe is connected to the outlet of the pump body through a second pipe, and the atomizing nozzles are disposed in the air inlet channel of the ventilation pavilion.

2. The ventilation structure for rail transit stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation pavilion has a double-sloped roof structure, and the water collection trough is an open, elongated trough that is fixedly installed along the edge of the double-sloped roof structure to collect rainwater. The bottom of the water collection trough is connected to the water storage tank through the first pipe.

3. The ventilation structure for rail transit stations as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A first filter screen is provided at the opening of the water collection tank, and a second filter screen is provided at the bottom of the water collection tank where it connects to the first pipe. The aperture of the first filter screen is larger than that of the second filter screen.

4. The ventilation structure for rail transit stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation pavilion has an air inlet on its side wall, and the air inlet is equipped with louvers.

5. The ventilation structure for rail transit stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A water baffle, which is installed in the ventilation channel of the ventilation pavilion and located downstream of the atomizing nozzle, is used to intercept unevaporated mist droplets. The surface of the water baffle is provided with micro-pits.

6. The ventilation structure for rail transit stations as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The baffle plate is composed of multiple parallel corrugated plates arranged in an alternating pattern to form a labyrinthine air duct, and the surface of the baffle plate is covered with a hydrophilic metal oxide coating.

7. The ventilation structure for rail transit stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism is a gear speed increaser, used to convert the low speed of the wind turbine into the high speed required by the pump body.

8. The ventilation structure for rail transit stations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the water tank is provided with a drain outlet, and a drain valve is installed at the drain outlet.

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