A reverse-arch cross-slot rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521841701.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-08-28
AI Technical Summary
[0003]本实用新型的目的在于提供一种具有复合减弱槽结构的反拱十字槽爆破片，以解决上述背景技术中提出的传统单一压槽工艺在面对特殊合金或大口径爆破片时，存在剩余槽深不均匀、压槽刀具磨损快、加工效率低以及特殊材料回弹大、成品一致性差等问题，导致爆破压力分散，难以精确控制，现有反拱十字槽爆破片在爆破压力偏差、疲劳寿命、加工效率以及大口径结构下的反拱失稳风险等方面也存在明显缺陷的问题
[0015]本实用新型公开了一种具有“机械压槽+激光微槽”复合减弱槽结构的反拱十字槽爆破片，其有益效果显著。通过两级减弱槽互补，既保证了宏观强度又实现了微观精准控制，显著减小了爆破压力偏差，使得爆破压力更加稳定可靠。激光重熔及硬化层的设置，使疲劳寿命提高≥2倍，大大增强了爆破片的使用寿命和可靠性。环形缓冲带与微拱稳定筋的组合设计，使DN400爆破片在10^6次交变压力循环下不失效，有效提升了爆破片的抗疲劳性能和稳定性。此外，该爆破片结构通用性强，无需改变现有法兰尺寸即可直接替换传统爆破片，具有良好的兼容性和实用性。其适用于DN15–DN400全口径及多种高合金材质，能够满足不同工况下的使用需求，为压力容器及管路的安全运行提供了更为可靠的保障。
Smart Images
Figure CN224707385U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rupture disc technology, specifically a reverse arch cross groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure. Background Technology
[0002] As an overpressure protection element for pressure vessels or pipelines, the stability of the burst pressure of a cross-groove rupture disc directly determines the safety of the equipment. Traditional cross-groove rupture discs often employ a single pressure groove or a single laser-engraved groove as the weakening structure, but this approach has several shortcomings. Firstly, traditional single-groove processes suffer from uneven residual groove depth, rapid wear of the grooving tool, low processing efficiency, and significant springback and poor product consistency in special materials when dealing with special alloys or large-diameter rupture discs, leading to dispersed burst pressure and difficulty in precise control. Secondly, existing cross-groove rupture discs also exhibit significant deficiencies in burst pressure deviation, fatigue life, processing efficiency, and the risk of arching instability under large-diameter structures. For example, the remaining wall thickness varies greatly, resulting in a burst pressure deviation of ≥±5%; the grooving tool marks easily cause stress concentration, leading to low fatigue life; laser-engraved deep grooves are inefficient for thick plate materials, resulting in a large heat-affected zone; and the risk of arching instability is high under large-diameter (≥DN100) structures. Furthermore, while existing anti-arch cross-groove rupture discs employing composite weakening grooves reduce rupture pressure deviation to some extent, they are prone to "micro-leakage cumulative fatigue" when low-amplitude pressure pulsations (<10% P_b) occur in the system. Large-diameter (≥DN200) rupture discs also produce large fragments after rupture, easily clogging downstream pipelines. Additionally, some chemical media can cause intergranular corrosion of the laser-hardened layer, leading to premature failure. Therefore, a new process and structural improvement are urgently needed that can precisely control rupture pressure, improve production efficiency, and simultaneously possess good fatigue life and corrosion resistance. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reverse-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as uneven residual groove depth, rapid wear of the grooving tool, low processing efficiency, large springback of special materials, and poor product consistency when dealing with special alloys or large-diameter rupture discs. These problems lead to dispersed burst pressure and difficulty in precise control. Existing reverse-arch cross-groove rupture discs also have obvious defects in terms of burst pressure deviation, fatigue life, processing efficiency, and the risk of reverse arch instability under large-diameter structures.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a reverse arch cross groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure, comprising an annular outer ring of the rupture disc and a spherically convex rupture disc arch surface fixed to its inner diameter, wherein a cross-shaped weakening groove is provided on the concave side of the rupture disc arch surface; the weakening groove comprises a two-stage structure of macroscopic pressure groove and microscopic laser groove.
[0005] Preferably, the macro groove is formed by mechanical pressing, and its cross-section is "U" or "V" shaped. The width of the macro groove is 0.2-0.8 mm, and the depth of the macro groove accounts for 30%-50% of the thickness of the rupture disc arch surface.
[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the macroscopic pressure groove adopts a rounded transition, and the radius of the rounded arc R ≤ 0.05 mm.
[0007] Preferably, the micro laser groove is located at the center of the bottom of the macro pressure groove, and its cross-section is in the shape of a "micro U" or "micro V". The groove width of the micro laser groove is 20-100 μm, and the groove depth accounts for 10%-20% of the thickness of the rupture disc arch surface.
[0008] Preferably, the two side walls of the micro laser groove are laser-remelted to form a dense hardened layer of ≤10μm.
[0009] Preferably, a shallow annular groove with a width of 1-3 mm and a depth of 1%-3% of the thickness of the rupture disc arch surface is provided around the weakening groove on the arch surface of the rupture disc.
[0010] Preferably, four micro-arch stabilizing ribs are provided on the convex side of the rupture disc arch surface, forming a 45° angle with the weakening groove, and the height of the micro-arch stabilizing ribs is 0.02-0.05mm.
[0011] Preferably, the outer ring of the rupture disc and the arch surface of the rupture disc can be made of Hastelloy, titanium, nickel-based alloy or stainless steel.
[0012] Preferably, when made of titanium, a Ti-Ni shape memory alloy thin layer with a thickness of 5-15 μm is formed at the bottom of the micro laser groove by laser alloying.
[0013] Preferably, a dynamic response adjustment ring is provided on the outer ring of the rupture disc. The dynamic response adjustment ring is located outside the shallow ring groove and has a width of 2-5 mm. It includes three layers of coaxial laser-welded metal foils with different elastic moduli, namely the first metal foil, the second metal foil, and the third metal foil, forming a "soft-hard-soft" sandwich structure.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0015] This utility model discloses a reverse-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure of "mechanical pressure groove + laser microgroove," which has significant beneficial effects. Through the complementary nature of the two-stage weakening grooves, both macroscopic strength and precise microscopic control are ensured, significantly reducing burst pressure deviation and making the burst pressure more stable and reliable. The laser remelting and hardening layer increases fatigue life by ≥2 times, greatly enhancing the service life and reliability of the rupture disc. The combined design of the annular buffer band and micro-arch stabilizing ribs ensures that the DN400 rupture disc does not fail under 10^6 alternating pressure cycles, effectively improving the fatigue resistance and stability of the rupture disc. Furthermore, this rupture disc structure has strong versatility; it can directly replace traditional rupture discs without changing existing flange dimensions, exhibiting good compatibility and practicality. It is suitable for all diameters from DN15 to DN400 and various high-alloy materials, meeting the needs of different working conditions and providing a more reliable guarantee for the safe operation of pressure vessels and pipelines. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA;
[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view of BB;
[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of C;
[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram with shallow annular groove;
[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Top view with dynamic response adjustment ring;
[0022] In the figure: outer ring of rupture disc-1, arched surface of rupture disc-2, weakening groove-3, macro pressure groove-31, micro laser groove-32, shallow ring groove-33, micro-arch stabilizing rib-34, Ti-Ni shape memory alloy thin layer-35, dynamic response adjustment ring-4, first metal foil-41, second metal foil-42, third metal foil-43. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0024] Please refer to Figure 1-6 , Figure 1This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view of BB; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of C; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram with shallow annular groove; Figure 6 for Figure 1 A top view with a dynamic response adjustment ring.
[0025] This utility model provides a reverse-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure, including an annular outer ring 1 of the rupture disc, a spherically convex rupture disc arch surface 2 fixed to the inner diameter of the outer ring 1, and a cross-shaped weakening groove 3 provided on the concave side of the arch surface 2; the weakening groove 3 is composed of a two-stage structure consisting of a macroscopic pressure groove 31 and a microscopic laser groove 32; used for precise control of rupture pressure.
[0026] The macro-groove 31 is formed by mechanical pressing. The cross-section of the macro-groove 31 is "U" or "V" shaped. The width of the macro-groove 31 is 0.2–0.8 mm. The depth of the macro-groove 31 accounts for 30%–50% of the thickness of the rupture disc arch surface 2. The bottom of the macro-groove 31 is rounded, and the radius of the rounded arc R is ≤0.05 mm, thereby reducing stress concentration.
[0027] The micro laser groove 32 is located at the center of the bottom of the macro pressure groove 31, and its cross-section is in the shape of a "micro U" or "micro V". The groove width of the micro laser groove 32 is 20-100 μm, and the groove depth of the micro laser groove 32 accounts for 10%-20% of the thickness of the rupture disc arch surface 2. In addition, the two side walls of the micro laser groove 32 form a dense hardened layer of ≤10 μm after laser remelting, which improves the ability to resist fatigue crack initiation.
[0028] A shallow annular groove 33 with a width of 1–3 mm and a depth of 1%–3% of the thickness of the rupture disc arch surface 2 is provided around the periphery of the weakening groove 3 on the rupture disc arch surface 2. This groove is used to absorb edge stress and prevent radial crack propagation.
[0029] In addition, four micro-arch stabilizing ribs 34 are provided on the convex side of the rupture disc arch surface 2, forming a 45° angle with the weakening groove 3. The height of the micro-arch stabilizing ribs 34 is 0.02–0.05 mm, thereby suppressing asymmetric instability under large diameter.
[0030] The outer ring 1 and the arch surface 2 of the rupture disc can be made of Hastelloy, titanium, nickel-based alloy or stainless steel. When titanium is used, a Ti-Ni shape memory alloy thin layer 35 with a thickness of 5-15 μm is formed at the bottom of the micro laser groove 32 by laser alloying to improve the self-healing ability of cracks.
[0031] Example 1:
[0032] A DN50 Hastelloy alloy rupture disc was used, with a thickness of 0.25 mm. The macroscopic pressure groove 31 had a width of 0.4 mm and a depth of 0.10 mm. The microscopic laser groove 32 had a width of 50 μm and a depth of 0.03 mm. The remaining wall thickness was 0.12 mm. The shallow annular groove 33 had a width of 1.5 mm and a depth of 0.005 mm. The height of the micro-arch stabilizing rib 34 was 0.03 mm. After actual rupture testing, the measured rupture pressure was 3.20 ± 0.05 MPa, and the fatigue cycle count was ≥ 1.2 × 10^6 times.
[0033] Example 2:
[0034] A DN100 titanium rupture disc with a thickness of 0.40 mm was used; the thickness of the Ti-Ni shape memory alloy thin layer 35 was 10 μm; other dimensions were enlarged proportionally; actual burst testing showed that the burst pressure deviation was ≤ ±1.8%, and the fatigue life was increased by 2.3 times.
[0035] Example 3:
[0036] A dynamic response adjustment ring 4 is provided on the outer ring 1 of the rupture disc. The dynamic response adjustment ring 4 is located outside the shallow annular groove 33 and has a width of 2–5 mm. It includes three layers of coaxial laser-welded metal foils with different elastic moduli, namely a first metal foil 41, a second metal foil 42, and a third metal foil 43, forming a "soft-hard-soft" sandwich structure. During the low-amplitude pulsation stage, the first metal foil 41 undergoes slight bulging to absorb energy. When approaching the burst pressure, the second metal foil 42 rapidly transfers the load to the cross-shaped weakening zone to trigger fracture. After the burst, the outermost soft third metal foil 43 still maintains its complete annular shape to prevent fragments from flying.
[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that all other embodiments obtained by making various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A reverse-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure, characterized in that: It includes an outer ring (1) of a rupture disc arranged in a circular shape and a spherical convex rupture disc arch (2) fixed to its inner diameter. The concave side of the rupture disc arch (2) is provided with a cross-shaped weakening groove (3). The weakening groove (3) includes a two-level structure of macro pressure groove (31) and micro laser groove (32).
2. The anti-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The macro groove (31) is formed by mechanical pressing, and its cross-section is "U" or "V". The width of the macro groove (31) is 0.2-0.8mm, and the depth of the macro groove (31) is 30%-50% of the thickness of the rupture disc arch surface (2).
3. The anti-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the macro pressure groove (31) is rounded, and the radius of the rounded arc R is less than or equal to 0.05 mm.
4. The anti-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The micro laser groove (32) is located at the center of the bottom of the macro pressure groove (31), and its cross-section is in the shape of a "micro U" or "micro V". The groove width of the micro laser groove (32) is 20-100 μm, and the groove depth of the micro laser groove (32) accounts for 10%-20% of the thickness of the rupture disc arch surface (2).
5. The anti-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two side walls of the micro laser groove (32) are laser-remelted to form a dense hardened layer of ≤10μm.
6. The anti-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A shallow annular groove (33) with a width of 1-3 mm and a depth of 1%-3% of the thickness of the rupture disc arch (2) is provided around the periphery of the weakening groove (3) on the rupture disc arch (2).
7. The anti-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Four micro-arch stabilizing ribs (34) are provided on the convex side of the rupture disc arch (2) at a 45° angle to the weakening groove (3), and the height of the micro-arch stabilizing ribs (34) is 0.02-0.05mm.
8. The anti-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer ring (1) and the arch surface (2) of the rupture disc can be made of Hastelloy, titanium, nickel-based alloy or stainless steel.
9. The anti-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: When made of titanium, a thin Ti-Ni shape memory alloy layer (35) with a thickness of 5-15 μm is formed at the bottom of the micro laser groove (32) by laser alloying.
10. The anti-arch cross-groove rupture disc with a composite weakening groove structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: A dynamic response adjustment ring (4) is provided on the outer ring (1) of the rupture disc. The dynamic response adjustment ring (4) is located outside the shallow ring groove (33) and has a width of 2-5 mm. It includes three layers of coaxial laser-welded metal foils with different elastic moduli, namely the first metal foil (41), the second metal foil (42), and the third metal foil (43), forming a "soft-hard-soft" sandwich structure.