A device for detecting loosened zones in surrounding rock

Abstract

This utility model discloses a device for detecting loosened rock rings, relating to the field of loosened rock ring detection. It includes a base, with a pressure sensor installed on the inner side of the upper end of the base. An elastic mechanism for moving a hydraulic plate left and right is installed on the left end of the pressure sensor. When this device needs to process rock and soil generated during drilling, it simply turns on a fixed drive motor. A first bevel gear installed at the output end of the fixed drive motor then rotates, followed by a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear. A first shaft installed at the middle of the second bevel gear rotates, and under the action of a transmission belt installed at the left end of the first shaft, the second shaft rotates, driving a spiral blade installed on its outer surface to rotate. This process removes rock debris generated by the drill bit, preventing rock debris from accumulating or sticking to the borehole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of surrounding rock loosening zone detection technology, specifically a surrounding rock loosening zone detection device. Background Technology

[0002] The loosened zone of surrounding rock is a ring-shaped fractured zone formed after the excavation of underground engineering projects, where the stress state of the surrounding rock changes, resulting in the destruction and loosening of the rock mass in certain areas. This loosened zone undermines the stability of the surrounding rock itself and is a key issue that needs to be controlled in underground engineering. It not only threatens the safety of construction but also increases the difficulty and cost of support, and affects the long-term stability of the project, greatly reducing its service life. Therefore, the detection of the loosened zone of surrounding rock is crucial in engineering projects.

[0003] In maintaining the stable progress of underground engineering, the detection of loosened rock is essential. However, current loosened rock detection devices may not be able to fully fit the borehole during the drilling pressure test, resulting in deviations during the pressure test and causing a certain degree of discrepancy between the detected loosened rock and the actual loosened rock.

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, the prior art (Chinese patent announcement number: CN219104903U, announcement date: 2023-05-30) discloses a test system for the loosening zone range of roadway surrounding rock, including a support tube, one end of which is provided with a fixing plate, and an airbag is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the support tube; an inflation component is provided on the outer circular wall of the airbag for inflating the airbag. By setting the airbag, the device can fit better when inserted into the soil, effectively increasing the accuracy of the test device. By setting the support tube, the device's rigidity can be increased, making it easier to insert the device into the ground. By setting the balloon, the airbag can be inflated, allowing the airbag to expand and effectively fit the external soil layer. By setting a second connection port, it can cooperate with the first connection port and the connecting block, making the balloon easier to disassemble and more convenient to replace or refill.

[0005] Rock loosening zone detection devices play an irreplaceable role in underground engineering. They can not only prevent the potential impact of loosening zones in advance, but also ensure the safety of workers. However, current rock loosening zone detection devices still have many shortcomings, such as: 1. Existing surrounding rock loosening zone detection devices cannot process rocks and soil during the drilling process. This causes the rocks and soil produced during drilling to accumulate and may stick to the pressure sensor, thus affecting the pressure detection and causing the detected surrounding rock loosening zone to deviate from the actual value.

[0006] 2. Existing detection devices for loose rock zones cannot effectively dampen the drill bit. This causes deviations in the drill bit during drilling due to various unforeseen circumstances, resulting in holes that are not on a straight line. Consequently, the pressure sensor measurements become inaccurate, and the loose rock zone cannot be detected. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for detecting loosened rock zones, addressing the shortcomings of existing devices in the background art. These devices cannot process rock and soil during drilling, leading to accumulation of these materials that may adhere to the pressure sensor, affecting pressure detection and causing discrepancies between the detected loosened rock zone and the actual zone. Furthermore, existing devices cannot effectively dampen the drill bit, allowing for deviations during drilling due to unforeseen circumstances. This results in holes that are not aligned, making pressure sensor measurements inaccurate and ultimately failing to detect the loosened rock zone.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a device for detecting loosened rings in surrounding rock, comprising a base, wherein a pressure sensor is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the base, and an elastic mechanism for moving a hydraulic plate left and right is installed on the left end of the pressure sensor; the elastic mechanism includes a fixed drive motor, which is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the base, and a first bevel gear is installed on the output end of the fixed drive motor, and a meshing mechanism for rotating a drill bit is installed on the left end of the first bevel gear.

[0009] Furthermore, the meshing mechanism includes a second bevel gear, and the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear. A first rotating shaft is installed at the middle end of the second bevel gear, and a transmission belt is installed at the left end of the first rotating shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a second rotating shaft is installed at the other end of the transmission belt, and a spiral blade is installed on the outer surface of the second rotating shaft. A slag discharge trough is installed at the lower end of the spiral blade, and a drill bit is installed at the left end of the slag discharge trough.

[0011] Furthermore, a first gear is installed at the left end of the second shaft, and a second gear is installed at the front end of the first gear. The first gear and the second gear mesh with each other, and the second gear is fixedly connected to the drill bit.

[0012] Furthermore, a hemispherical guide is installed inside the drill bit, and a guide rod is installed at the right end of the hemispherical guide. A slag discharge trough is installed at the right end of the guide rod, and a spring is installed at the right end of the slag discharge trough.

[0013] Furthermore, a hydraulic damping cylinder is installed at the middle end of the spring, and a hydraulic plate is installed inside the hydraulic damping cylinder. A hollow piston rod is installed at the left end of the hydraulic plate, and a first rotating shaft is installed inside the hollow piston rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer surface of the hydraulic plate is provided with holes, and the hydraulic damping cylinder is connected and fixed to the base. The left end of the spring is fixedly connected to the slag discharge trough, and the right end of the spring is fixedly connected to the base.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: When the surrounding rock loosening zone detection device needs to deal with the rock and soil generated by drilling, it is only necessary to turn on the fixed drive motor. Then, the first bevel gear installed at the output end of the fixed drive motor will start to rotate. Then, the second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear will start to rotate synchronously. At this time, the first rotating shaft installed at the middle end of the second bevel gear will start to rotate. With the operation of the transmission belt installed at the left end of the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft will start to rotate and drive the spiral blades installed on the outer surface of the second rotating shaft to rotate. This design allows the rock debris generated by the drill bit operation to be dealt with, avoiding the accumulation or adhesion of rock debris in the hole, which would cause the subsequent detection results of the pressure sensor to deviate. Furthermore, when vibration damping of the drill bit is required, during operation, various vibrations are concentrated through the hemispherical guide installed inside the drill bit. The force is then directed through the guide rod to pressurize the slag discharge chute installed at the rear end of the drill bit. This causes the spring installed at the rear end of the slag discharge chute to contract under pressure. Then, the hollow piston rod moves to the right under pressure, causing the hydraulic plate to move to the right. At this time, the liquid inside the hydraulic damping cylinder flows to the other side through the holes in the hydraulic plate, thus slowing down the movement of the hydraulic plate and further mitigating the vibration. Then, the spring releases its elastic potential energy and extends, causing the hollow piston rod to move to the left. Simultaneously, the hydraulic plate installed at the right end of the hollow piston rod moves to the left, allowing the liquid that previously flowed into the left end of the hydraulic damping cylinder to flow back to the right end through the holes in the hydraulic plate. This design, through spring damping combined with hydraulic damping, makes the overall mechanism more effective in damping, thus preventing the drilled holes from being out of alignment due to vibration. Furthermore, when the device needs to detect the loosened rock ring, it only needs to turn on the fixed drive motor. Then, the first bevel gear installed at the output end of the fixed drive motor rotates, followed by the second bevel gear rotating synchronously with the first bevel gear. This causes the first shaft installed at the middle of the second bevel gear to rotate. Then, under the action of the transmission belt, the second shaft rotates, causing the first gear installed at the other end of the second shaft to rotate. Subsequently, the second gear, meshing with the first gear, rotates synchronously with the first gear's rotation, thus causing the drill bit, mounted on the same fixed shaft as the first gear, to begin working. During the drill bit's operation, the spiral blades cause rock debris to enter the slag discharge trough. Under the action of springs and hydraulic plates, the drill bit's vibration damping effect is greatly enhanced. After forming a hole, the pressure sensor installed at the left end of the fixed drive motor can measure the pressure at different locations, thereby determining the specific location of the loosened rock ring. This design, while measuring the specific location of the loosened rock ring, not only addresses the accumulation of rock debris but also effectively dampens vibrations, making the overall device mechanism more coordinated. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the substrate of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure sensor of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the transmission belt of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hemispherical guide component of this utility model; Figure 5This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hydraulic damping cylinder body of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spring of this utility model.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Fixed drive motor; 3. Pressure sensor; 4. First bevel gear; 5. Second bevel gear; 6. First shaft; 7. Transmission belt; 8. Second shaft; 9. Helical blade; 10. First gear; 11. Second gear; 12. Slag discharge trough; 13. Drill bit; 14. Hemispherical guide; 15. Guide rod; 16. Spring; 17. Hydraulic damping cylinder; 18. Hollow piston rod; 19. Hydraulic plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This utility model provides the following technical solution: a device for detecting loosened zones in surrounding rock, comprising a base 1, wherein a pressure sensor 3 is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the base 1, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the left end of the pressure sensor 3 is equipped with an elastic mechanism for moving the hydraulic plate 19 left and right; the elastic mechanism includes a fixed drive motor 2, which is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the base 1. The output end of the fixed drive motor 2 is equipped with a first bevel gear 4, and the left end of the first bevel gear 4 is equipped with a meshing mechanism for rotating the drill bit 13.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The technical solution shown, in order to solve the problem of dealing with rock and soil generated during drilling, discloses: a meshing mechanism including a second bevel gear 5, wherein the first bevel gear 4 and the second bevel gear 5 mesh with each other; a first rotating shaft 6 is mounted on the middle end of the second bevel gear 5; and a transmission belt 7 is mounted on the left end of the first rotating shaft 6. Figure 2As shown, a second rotating shaft 8 is installed at the other end of the transmission belt 7, and a spiral blade 9 is installed on the outer surface of the second rotating shaft 8. A slag discharge trough 12 is installed at the lower end of the spiral blade 9, and a drill bit 13 is installed at the left end of the slag discharge trough 12. A first gear 10 is installed at the left end of the second rotating shaft 8, and a second gear 11 is installed at the front end of the first gear 10. The first gear 10 and the second gear 11 mesh with each other, and the second gear 11 is fixedly connected to the drill bit 13.

[0021] When it is necessary to process the rock and soil generated during drilling, simply turn on the fixed drive motor 2. The first bevel gear 4, installed at the output end of the fixed drive motor 2, will then begin to rotate. Next, the second bevel gear 5, meshing with the first bevel gear 4, will begin to rotate synchronously. At this time, the first shaft 6, installed at the middle end of the second bevel gear 5, will begin to rotate. Accompanying the rotation of the transmission belt 7 installed at the left end of the first shaft 6, the second shaft 8 will begin to rotate, driving the spiral blades 9 installed on the outer surface of the second shaft 8 to rotate. Figure 3 As shown, the first gear 10 installed at the other end of the second rotating shaft 8 then rotates synchronously, driving the second gear 11, which meshes with the first gear 10, to rotate. At this time, the drill bit 13, which is installed on the same fixed shaft as the second gear 11, starts to operate. After the drill bit 13 starts working, the rock debris at the upper end falls into the slag discharge trough 12 under the influence of gravity, and is divided by the rotation of the spiral blade 9. Then it enters the slag discharge trough 12. After reaching a certain level, the device is taken out, and the rock debris in the slag discharge trough 12 is taken out by tilting. Then it can be operated again.

[0022] Example 2: Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The technical solution shown, in order to solve the problem that the drill bit 13 cannot effectively reduce vibration, discloses that: a hemispherical guide 14 is installed inside the drill bit 13, and a guide rod 15 is installed at the right end of the hemispherical guide 14; a slag discharge groove 12 is installed at the right end of the guide rod 15; and a spring 16 is installed at the right end of the slag discharge groove 12. Figure 4 As shown, a hydraulic damping cylinder 17 is installed at the middle end of the spring 16, and a hydraulic plate 19 is installed inside the hydraulic damping cylinder 17. A hollow piston rod 18 is installed at the left end of the hydraulic plate 19, and a first rotating shaft 6 is installed inside the hollow piston rod 18. Holes are provided on the outer surface of the hydraulic plate 19, and the hydraulic damping cylinder 17 is connected and fixed to the base 1. The left end of the spring 16 is fixedly connected to the slag discharge trough 12, and the right end of the spring 16 is fixedly connected to the base 1.

[0023] When vibration damping of drill bit 13 is required, during the operation of drill bit 13, various vibrations are concentrated by the hemispherical guide 14 installed inside drill bit 13, and then pressure is applied to the slag discharge chute 12 installed at the rear end of drill bit 13 through guide rod 15. This causes spring 16 installed at the rear end of slag discharge chute 12 to contract under pressure. Then, hollow piston rod 18 moves to the right under pressure, thereby causing hydraulic plate 19 to move to the right. Figure 5 As shown, at this time, the liquid inside the hydraulic damping cylinder 17 flows to the other side through the holes on the hydraulic plate 19, thereby slowing down the movement of the hydraulic plate 19 and further reducing the vibration. Then, the spring 16 releases its elastic potential energy and stretches, causing the hollow piston rod 18 to move to the left, and causing the hydraulic plate 19 installed on the right end of the hollow piston rod 18 to move to the left simultaneously. This allows the liquid that previously flowed into the left end of the hydraulic damping cylinder 17 to flow back to the right end through the holes on the hydraulic plate 19. This design, through the damping effect of the spring 16 and the hydraulic damping, makes the damping effect of the entire mechanism stronger, thereby avoiding the situation where the drilled holes are not on the same straight line due to vibration.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting loosened zones in surrounding rock, comprising a base (1), wherein a pressure sensor (3) is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the base (1), characterized in that: The left end of the pressure sensor (3) is equipped with an elastic mechanism that moves the hydraulic plate (19) left and right. The elastic mechanism includes a fixed drive motor (2), which is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the base (1). The output end of the fixed drive motor (2) is equipped with a first bevel gear (4), and the left end of the first bevel gear (4) is equipped with a meshing mechanism for rotating the drill bit (13).

2. The surrounding rock loosening zone detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meshing mechanism includes a second bevel gear (5), and the first bevel gear (4) meshes with the second bevel gear (5). A first rotating shaft (6) is installed at the middle end of the second bevel gear (5), and a transmission belt (7) is installed at the left end of the first rotating shaft (6).

3. The surrounding rock loosening zone detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The other end of the transmission belt (7) is equipped with a second rotating shaft (8), and the outer surface of the second rotating shaft (8) is equipped with a spiral blade (9). The lower end of the spiral blade (9) is equipped with a slag discharge trough (12), and the left end of the slag discharge trough (12) is equipped with a drill bit (13).

4. The surrounding rock loosening zone detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left end of the second shaft (8) is equipped with a first gear (10), and the front end of the first gear (10) is equipped with a second gear (11). The first gear (10) and the second gear (11) mesh with each other, and the second gear (11) is fixedly connected to the drill bit (13).

5. The surrounding rock loosening zone detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit (13) is equipped with a hemispherical guide (14) inside, and a guide rod (15) is installed at the right end of the hemispherical guide (14). A slag discharge trough (12) is installed at the right end of the guide rod (15), and a spring (16) is installed at the right end of the slag discharge trough (12).

6. The surrounding rock loosening zone detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A hydraulic damping cylinder (17) is installed at the middle end of the spring (16), and a hydraulic plate (19) is installed inside the hydraulic damping cylinder (17). A hollow piston rod (18) is installed at the left end of the hydraulic plate (19), and a first rotating shaft (6) is installed inside the hollow piston rod (18).

7. The surrounding rock loosening zone detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer surface of the hydraulic plate (19) is provided with holes, and the hydraulic damping cylinder (17) is connected and fixed to the base (1). The left end of the spring (16) is fixedly connected to the slag discharge trough (12), and the right end of the spring (16) is fixedly connected to the base (1).

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