A fire experiment combustion wind tunnel device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a fire experiment combustion wind tunnel device, comprising an air inlet section, an experimental section, and an air outlet section that are sequentially and fixedly connected along the airflow direction. The experimental section includes a shell, with rollers rotatably connected to both ends of the shell. I-shaped support rollers are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the rollers, and arc-shaped sliding rods are slidably engaged between the two support rollers. A combustion platform is fixedly connected between the free ends of the arc-shaped sliding rods, and several ignition devices are installed on the combustion platform. In this utility model, by setting up a drive gear driven by a motor to mesh with an arc-shaped rack and pinion, and cooperating with the arc-shaped sliding rods and the I-shaped support rollers to guide the transmission, the combustion platform can slide smoothly along an arc-shaped trajectory. The position of the fire source can be dynamically adjusted during the experiment, effectively simulating the dynamic combustion process of flames moving with the wind and spreading in actual fires, significantly improving the consistency between the experimental conditions and real fire scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of combustion wind tunnel technology, and in particular to a combustion wind tunnel device for fire experiments. Background Technology

[0002] Fire is one of the major disasters threatening human life, property, and the ecological environment. Its occurrence and development are influenced by various factors, including the characteristics of combustibles, ambient wind speed, airflow direction, and ventilation conditions. In fire science research, combustion experiments are an important means to reveal the laws of flame propagation, evaluate the combustion performance of materials, and verify fire dynamics models. To simulate the wind-assisted combustion environment in real fires, combustion wind tunnel devices are widely used in laboratory research, which achieve controlled reproduction of fire behavior by artificially controlling airflow speed and direction.

[0003] A Chinese invention patent with publication number CN111521368B discloses a "forest fire combustion wind tunnel experimental platform, comprising multiple shell sections connected sequentially from front to back. These shell sections sequentially include: a power section, in which a power rectification mechanism is installed; a transition section, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the power section, having a circular inlet cross-section and a square outlet cross-section, with the inlet cross-sectional area smaller than the outlet cross-sectional area; a stabilizing section, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the transition section; a contraction section, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the stabilizing section, having an inlet cross-sectional area larger than the outlet cross-sectional area, and an arc-shaped contraction section between the inlet and outlet; an experimental section, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the contraction section; and a diffusion section, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the experimental section, having an inlet cross-sectional area smaller than the outlet cross-sectional area, with the lower bottom edge of the diffusion section sloping downwards from its inlet to its outlet."

[0004] However, the device still has obvious shortcomings: its combustion platform is a fixed structure, which makes it impossible to dynamically adjust the position of the fire source during the experiment, making it difficult to simulate the dynamic process of fire moving with the wind or spreading continuously along combustibles in actual fires; at the same time, the ignition system is usually limited to single-location ignition and lacks multi-point distributed ignition design, which limits the ability to study the coupled combustion of multiple fire sources, flame interaction and complex fire evolution behavior. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a fire test combustion wind tunnel device in order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A fire experiment combustion wind tunnel device includes an air inlet section, an experimental section, and an air outlet section that are fixedly connected in sequence along the airflow direction. The experimental section includes a shell, with rollers rotatably connected to both ends of the shell. I-shaped support rollers are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the rollers, and arc-shaped sliding rods are slidably fitted between the support rollers on both sides. A combustion platform is fixedly connected between the free ends of the arc-shaped sliding rods, and several ignition devices are installed on the combustion platform. A driving device is installed inside the shell to drive the arc-shaped sliding rods to slide around their central axis.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] The driving device includes a fireproof cover, a servo motor is fixedly installed inside the fireproof cover, a drive gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the servo motor, clearance grooves are opened on both sides of the fireproof cover, and an arc-shaped rack passing through the clearance groove is fixedly connected to the bottom of the combustion platform, and the drive gear meshes with the arc-shaped rack.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The ignition devices are distributed at the front, middle and rear of the combustion platform.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The front end of the housing has several observation windows corresponding to the positions of the ignition devices.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The air inlet section includes, in sequence along the airflow direction, a collector, a power section, a transition section, a stabilizing section, and a contraction section. The free end of the contraction section is fixedly connected to one end of the experimental section. An axial flow fan is fixedly installed inside the power section.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] The outlet section includes a diffuser section and an outlet diffuser section in sequence along the airflow direction, and the free end of the diffuser section is fixedly connected to the other end of the experimental section.

[0018] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] 1. In this utility model, by setting up a drive gear driven by a motor to mesh with an arc-shaped rack and pinion, and cooperating with an arc-shaped slide rod and an I-shaped support roller guide structure, the combustion platform can slide smoothly along an arc-shaped trajectory, breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed combustion platforms. The position of the fire source can be dynamically adjusted during the experiment, effectively simulating the dynamic combustion process of flames moving with the wind and spreading in actual fires, and significantly improving the consistency between the experimental conditions and real fire scenarios.

[0020] 2. In this utility model, ignition devices are arranged at the front, middle and rear of the combustion platform to form a multi-point distributed ignition system, which supports single-point, multi-point synchronous or sequential ignition modes. This facilitates the study of the influence of different ignition positions on flame development, propagation speed and combustion intensity, and is suitable for scientific research on complex combustion phenomena such as multi-fire source coupled combustion, deflagration process and flame interaction. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of a fire experiment combustion wind tunnel device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the experimental section provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model is shown;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an experimental section provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Legend:

[0025] 1. Collector; 2. Power section; 3. Transition section; 4. Stabilization section; 5. Contraction section; 6. Experimental section; 7. Diffusion section; 8. Outlet diffusion section; 9. Observation window; 10. Combustion platform; 11. Roller; 12. Support roller; 13. Ignition device; 14. Arc-shaped slide bar; 15. Arc-shaped rack; 16. Fireproof cover; 1601. Clearance groove; 17. Servo motor; 18. Drive gear; 19. Axial flow fan. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Please see Figure 1-3 This utility model provides a technical solution: a fire test combustion wind tunnel device, including an air inlet section, an experimental section 6 and an air outlet section that are fixedly connected in sequence along the airflow direction. The air inlet section is responsible for guiding air in and forming a stable and uniform inflow. The experimental section 6 is the core area for conducting combustion experiments, including a combustion platform, an ignition system, and movable structures. The air outlet section is used to reduce the energy of high-speed airflow when it is discharged, reduce turbulence and noise, and facilitate connection to a smoke exhaust or purification system.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the air inlet section, along the airflow direction, includes a collector 1, a power section 2, a transition section 3, a stabilizing section 4, and a contraction section 5. The free end of the contraction section 5 is fixedly connected to one end of the experimental section 6. The collector 1 enlarges the inlet cross-section, reduces inlet disturbance, improves intake efficiency, and ensures smooth airflow. The power section 2 has a built-in axial flow fan 19, providing the power source to drive the airflow and regulating the wind speed. The transition section 3 connects the power section 2 and the stabilizing section 4, adjusting the flow channel shape and reducing eddies. The stabilizing section 4 often has a honeycomb structure or a flow straightener grid inside to eliminate airflow rotation and non-uniformity, making the airflow tend towards a laminar state. The contraction section 5 gradually narrows its cross-section, accelerating the airflow and further improving airflow uniformity, providing high-quality incoming flow conditions for the experimental section. The air inlet section ensures that the airflow velocity at the inlet of the experimental section is uniform, the direction is consistent, and the turbulence is low, meeting the high requirements of the combustion experiment for the airflow environment.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, experimental section 6 includes a shell designed for high temperature resistance and fireproofing, forming a controllable experimental space inside. Rollers 11 are rotatably connected to both ends of the shell, and I-shaped support rollers 12 are fixedly fitted at both ends of the rollers 11, forming a stable sliding guide system. Arc-shaped sliding rods 14 are slidably fitted between the two support rollers 12, forming an arc-shaped track that allows them to slide along the arc. A combustion platform 10 is fixedly connected between the free ends of the arc-shaped sliding rods 14, moving synchronously with the sliding rods. Ignition devices 13 are installed on the combustion platform 10, distributed at its front, middle, and rear ends. Electric spark ignition can be used to achieve multi-point precise ignition, supporting single-point ignition (for studying the development of the initial fire source), and multi-point synchronous / Sequential ignition (simulating multi-source coupled combustion or deflagration) is used to study the influence of ignition location on flame morphology and propagation speed. A servo motor 17 is fixedly installed inside the fireproof cover 16 to prevent damage to the drive mechanism by flames and high temperatures. A drive gear 18 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the servo motor 17. Relief grooves 1601 are opened on both sides of the fireproof cover 16, allowing an arc-shaped rack 15 to pass through and mesh with the drive gear 18. The bottom of the combustion platform 10 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped rack 15 passing through the relief groove 1601. The drive gear 18 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 15 and is driven by the servo motor 17. Through gear-rack transmission, the combustion platform 10 moves along an arc-shaped path. The combustion platform 10 can be driven by the servo motor 17 to move along an arc-shaped trajectory, simulating ignition at different locations or dynamic combustion processes (such as flame movement with the wind). This enhances experimental flexibility and effectively simulates the dynamic combustion processes such as flame movement with the wind and spread in actual fires, significantly improving the consistency between experimental conditions and real fire scenarios.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the exhaust section includes a diffuser section 7 and an outlet diffuser section 8 sequentially along the airflow direction. The free end of the diffuser section 7 is fixedly connected to the other end of the experimental section 6. A driving device is installed inside the housing to drive the arc-shaped slide rod 14 to slide around its central axis. The diffuser section 7 gradually expands in cross-section to reduce airflow velocity, recover some static pressure, and reduce energy loss. The outlet diffuser section 8 further smooths the exhaust airflow and connects to an external smoke exhaust system or filtration device. The exhaust section is used to avoid disturbance caused by direct emission of high-speed airflow, and also facilitates subsequent treatment of high-temperature flue gas and harmful gases.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the front end of the housing has several observation windows 9 corresponding to the positions of the ignition device 13. These windows are made of high-temperature resistant transparent materials (such as quartz glass), allowing users to observe the flame structure and combustion process in real time using equipment such as high-speed cameras and infrared thermal imagers.

[0032] Working principle: When using it, first, place the combustible sample to be tested on the combustion platform 10. According to the experimental requirements, set the initial position of the combustion platform 10 through the control system (e.g., center or offset), close the shell door of the experimental section 6, turn on the ventilation and smoke exhaust system, and check whether each sensor (temperature, pressure, gas concentration, wind speed) is normal.

[0033] Next, the axial flow fan 19 is started, and the air passes through the collector 1, power section 2, transition section 3, stabilization section 4 and contraction section 5 in sequence. The airflow is accelerated and tends to be uniform in the contraction section 5, and enters the test section 6 at the set wind speed. The combustion products are smoothly discharged in the outlet section through diffusion.

[0034] Then, the control system starts the servo motor 17, the drive gear 18 drives the arc rack 15, so that the combustion platform 10 moves along the arc slide bar 14 to the predetermined ignition position, triggers the ignition device 13 (such as front-end ignition) at the corresponding position, ignites the sample, and the high-speed camera records the flame development process through the observation window 9, while collecting data such as temperature field, flue gas composition, flame height, and spread speed.

[0035] Secondly, the combustion platform was driven to move during the combustion process to simulate the "moving fire source" scenario and study the effect of the relative motion between airflow and flame on combustion intensity and smoke distribution.

[0036] Finally, after extinguishing the flame, continue ventilation for a period of time to remove residual smoke, open the casing, clean up the combustion residue, export and analyze the data, and prepare for the next experiment.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fire test combustion wind tunnel device, comprising an air inlet section, an experimental section (6), and an air outlet section that are sequentially and fixedly connected along the airflow direction, characterized in that, The experimental section (6) includes a shell, with rollers (11) rotatably connected to both ends of the shell. I-shaped support rollers (12) are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the rollers (11). Arc-shaped slide rods (14) are slidably fitted between the support rollers (12) on both sides. A combustion platform (10) is fixedly connected between the free ends of the arc-shaped slide rods (14). Several ignition devices (13) are installed on the combustion platform (10). A driving device for driving the arc-shaped slide rods (14) to slide around its central axis is installed inside the shell.

2. The fire experiment combustion wind tunnel device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving device includes a fireproof cover (16), a servo motor (17) is fixedly installed inside the fireproof cover (16), a drive gear (18) is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the servo motor (17), and clearance grooves (1601) are opened on both sides of the fireproof cover (16). An arc-shaped rack (15) passing through the clearance groove (1601) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the combustion platform (10), and the drive gear (18) meshes with the arc-shaped rack (15).

3. The fire experiment combustion wind tunnel device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ignition device (13) is distributed at the front, middle and rear of the combustion platform (10).

4. The fire experiment combustion wind tunnel device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front end of the housing has several observation windows (9) corresponding to the positions of the ignition device (13).

5. The fire experiment combustion wind tunnel device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air inlet section includes, in sequence along the airflow direction, a collector (1), a power section (2), a transition section (3), a stabilizing section (4), and a contraction section (5). The free end of the contraction section (5) is fixedly connected to one end of the experimental section (6). An axial flow fan (19) is fixedly installed inside the power section (2).

6. The fire experiment combustion wind tunnel device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outlet section includes a diffuser section (7) and an outlet diffuser section (8) in sequence along the airflow direction. The free end of the diffuser section (7) is fixedly connected to the other end of the experimental section (6).

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