A drag-and-drop integrated device for grading and sampling microplastics in surface water

Abstract

This invention provides a towable integrated sampling device for microplastic grading in surface water. It includes an outer cylinder connected to a sampling vessel via a tow rope, an inner cylinder inside the outer cylinder containing multiple sets of filter screens arranged at intervals, with the pore size decreasing from bottom to top. It also includes multiple sets of spaced-apart diversion plates, all detachably and obliquely arranged within the inner cylinder and positioned below the filter screens. Drainage components are installed on both the outer and inner cylinders to discharge water collected by the diversion plates. Using this device for microplastic grading sampling in surface water simultaneously meets the needs for collecting and assembling microplastics, reducing the difficulty of field sampling and indoor collection. It facilitates in-situ grading of microplastic sizes in surface water, improves sampling and collection efficiency, reduces errors introduced by indoor screening, and thus improves the accuracy of experimental data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water environment sampling technology, specifically to a drag-and-drop integrated device for grading and sampling microplastics in surface water. Background Technology

[0002] Microplastics have been classified as a new type of pollutant in the aquatic environment, posing a serious threat to water pollution control. The collection and analysis of microplastics in the aquatic environment has become one of the key technologies in this field, especially the collection of microplastics from surface water. Because microplastics in water bodies exist in different size ranges and have significantly different environmental effects, it is necessary to conduct graded sampling of microplastics in water bodies, including integrated graded collection.

[0003] Existing water microplastic sampling devices mostly employ a single filter structure and generally lack graded separation capabilities. This necessitates additional sieving processes for subsequent laboratory analysis, severely impacting detection accuracy and timeliness. Particularly in dynamic water flow environments, achieving efficient enrichment and in-situ classification of microplastics with varying particle sizes remains a key technical challenge in environmental monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model proposes a drag-and-drop integrated sampling device for microplastics in surface water. This addresses the technical problem mentioned in the background that existing water environment sampling devices often employ a single filter structure and generally lack grading and separation functions, leading to the need for additional screening processes in subsequent laboratory analysis, which seriously affects the accuracy and timeliness of detection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a draggable surface water microplastic grading sampling integrated device, comprising: The outer cylinder is connected to the sampling vessel via a tow rope; An inner cylinder is disposed inside the outer cylinder, and multiple sets of filter screens are arranged at intervals inside the inner cylinder, with the pore size of the filter screens decreasing from bottom to top. Multiple sets of diversion plates, all detachable and inclined, are arranged at intervals within the inner cylinder and positioned below the various sets of filter screens; and A drainage assembly is provided on the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder to discharge the water collected by the diversion plate.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the drainage assembly includes: The drain outlet has the same number of sets as the diversion plates, and is located on the inner cylinder wall, each set of diversion plates positioned above the lowest point of the inner cylinder edge; and The drain pipes are provided with the same number of sets as the diversion plates and are connected to the outer cylinder. The multiple sets of drain pipes are respectively located above the lowest point of the multiple sets of diversion plates at the edge of the outer cylinder.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the filter screen is detachably disposed within the inner cylinder.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, floats are arranged at both ends of the outer cylinder.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the outer cylinder is detachably provided with a collection hopper, which is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a flow meter is provided at one end of the inner cylinder.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the inner cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the inner cylinder by welding.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The device is placed horizontally and connected to a sampling vessel via a tow rope. During movement, the sampling vessel collects surface water microplastics by in-situ dragging. Multiple sets of filters with different pore sizes are used for graded sampling of the water environment. After sampling, samples are collected sequentially from top to bottom on the multiple sets of filters. During collection, a drainage plate is installed below each set of filters, and the filters are rinsed with ultrapure water. Finally, the mixture obtained from rinsing and draining from the bottom opening and drainage component is collected. This device can simultaneously meet the needs of surface water microplastic collection and assessment, reducing the difficulty of field sampling and indoor collection. It facilitates in-situ grading of surface water microplastic sizes, improves sampling and collection efficiency, reduces errors introduced by indoor screening, and thus improves the accuracy of experimental data. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the specific embodiments will be briefly described below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0014] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a draggable surface water microplastic grading sampling integrated device provided by this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder in a drag-type surface water microplastic grading sampling integrated device of this utility model; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drag-type surface water microplastic grading sampling integrated device of this utility model in use; Figure label: 1. Outer cylinder; 2. Flow meter; 3. Drain pipe; 4. Float; 5. Collection hopper; 6. Inner cylinder; 7. Filter screen; 8. Drain outlet; 9. Drainage plate; 10. Sampling boat; 11. Towing rope. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above application content.

[0016] Example: like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, this utility model provides a towable surface water microplastic grading sampling integrated device, including an outer cylinder 1, which is connected to a sampling boat 10 via a tow rope 11. An inner cylinder 6 is installed inside the outer cylinder 1, and multiple sets of filter screens 7 are arranged at intervals inside the inner cylinder 6. The pore size of the filter screens 7 decreases from bottom to top. Floats 4 are arranged at both ends of the outer cylinder 1. A flow meter 2 is installed at one end of the inner cylinder 6.

[0017] In use, the device is placed horizontally and connected to the sampling vessel 10 via a tow rope 11, ensuring that the set of filter screens 7 with the largest aperture is close to the sampling vessel 10. The arrangement of the floats 4 allows the device to float on the water surface. By controlling the movement of the sampling vessel 10, the device is towed to sample the surface water environment. During sampling, microplastics in the water can adhere to the filter screens 7. Furthermore, since the filter screens 7 are detachably installed inside the inner cylinder 6, different aperture filter screens 7 can be installed for sampling as needed, and the filter screens 7 can be easily disassembled for cleaning. The flow meter 2 is used to monitor the inflow rate during the sampling process.

[0018] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, in this embodiment, multiple sets of spaced-apart diversion plates 9 are also included. These multiple sets of diversion plates 9 are detachably and obliquely arranged inside the inner cylinder 6 and are respectively located below multiple sets of filter screens 7. Drainage components are provided on the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 6 to discharge the water collected by the diversion plates 9. The drainage structure includes the same number of drain outlets 8 and drain pipes 3 as the diversion plates 9. The drain outlets 8 are opened on the wall of the inner cylinder 6 and are respectively located above the lowest point of the multiple sets of diversion plates 9 at the edge of the inner cylinder 6. The drain pipes 3 are connected to the outer cylinder 1, and the multiple sets of drain pipes 3 are respectively located above the lowest point of the multiple sets of diversion plates 9 at the edge of the outer cylinder 1. A collection hopper 5 is detachably provided at the end of the outer cylinder 1, and the collection hopper 5 is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder 1.

[0019] After sampling, the samples are collected, and the drainage plate 9 can be installed during collection. Additionally, it is understood that in some preferred embodiments, openings can be made at the installation points of the drainage plate 9 on the outer cylinder 1 and inner cylinder 6. The drainage plate 9 is installed on the outer cylinder 1 and inner cylinder 6 via a plug-in connection, abutting against the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1, and dividing the installation area of ​​each set of filter screens 7 in the inner cylinder 6 into an independent space. After the drainage plate 9 is installed, the collection hopper 5 is installed. Then, ultrapure water is used to flush the topmost set of filter screens 7 with the smallest pore size, causing the microplastics attached to its bottom to fall off and be discharged outside through the drain port 8 and drain pipe 3 for collection. Some water can flow out through the gap between the drainage plate 9 and the edge of the outer cylinder 1, and this part of the water is collected through the collection hopper 5. Then, the same steps are used to collect the microplastics on the lower sets of filter screens 7 sequentially from top to bottom. It is understood that, in some preferred embodiments, the drain outlet 8 is covered by a baffle to facilitate opening the drain outlet 8 on the side of the filter screen 7 to be collected and closing the other drain outlets 8 according to the collection progress.

[0020] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner cylinder 6, filter screen 7, diversion plate 9, outer cylinder 1 and collection hopper 5 can all be made of stainless steel. The outer wall of the inner cylinder 6 is fixed to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 6 by welding to enhance the stability of the internal structure of the device.

[0021] The specific usage and beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: When in use, the device is placed horizontally and connected to the sampling vessel 10 via a towing rope 11. The sampling vessel 10 collects surface water microplastics by in-situ dragging during movement. The water environment is sampled in stages using multiple sets of filters 7 with different pore sizes. After sampling, samples are collected sequentially from top to bottom on the multiple sets of filters 7. During collection, a drainage plate 9 is installed below the corresponding set of filters 7, and then the set of filters 7 is rinsed with ultrapure water. Finally, the mixture obtained from rinsing, discharged from the bottom opening and drainage component, is collected. This device can simultaneously meet the needs of surface water microplastic collection and assessment, reducing the difficulty of field sampling and indoor collection. It facilitates in-situ grading of surface water microplastic sizes, improves sampling and collection efficiency, reduces errors introduced by indoor screening, and thus improves the accuracy of experimental data.

[0022] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above. Modifications or improvements can be made to this utility model, which is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of this utility model fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A towed surface water microplastic fraction sampling integrated device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of water sampling devices, including: Outer tube (1), with sampling ship (10) is connected by traction rope (11); Inner tube (6) is arranged in the outer tube (1), and the inner tube (6) is spaced apart and is provided with multiple groups of filter screen (7), and the aperture of the filter screen (7) decreases successively from bottom to top; Drainage plate (9) is arranged with multiple groups, and is detachably arranged in the inner tube (6) and is located below multiple groups of filter screen (7) respectively; Drainage assembly is arranged on the outer tube (1) and the inner tube (6), to drain water received by drainage plate (9).

2. The integrated device for size-based sampling of microplastics in surface waters according to claim 1, wherein, The drainage assembly includes: Drainage port (8) is provided with the same group number with the drainage plate (9), and is arranged on the wall of the inner tube (6) and is located above the lowest point of multiple groups of drainage plate (9) on the edge of the inner tube (6) respectively; Drainage pipe (3) is provided with the same group number with the drainage plate (9) and is communicated with the outer tube (1), and multiple groups of drainage pipe (3) are located above the lowest point of multiple groups of drainage plate (9) on the edge of the outer tube (1) respectively.

3. The integrated device for size-based sampling of microplastics in surface waters according to claim 1, wherein: The filter screen (7) is detachably arranged in the inner tube (6).

4. The integrated device for size-based sampling of microplastics in surface waters according to claim 1, wherein: The outer tube (1) is arranged with float (4) at both ends.

5. The integrated device for size-based sampling of microplastics in surface waters according to claim 1, wherein: The end of the outer tube (1) is detachably provided with collecting hopper (5), and the collecting hopper (5) is connected with the outer tube (1) by thread.

6. The integrated device for size-based sampling of microplastics in surface waters according to claim 1, wherein: The inner tube (6) is provided with flowmeter (2) at one end.

7. The integrated device for size-based sampling of microplastics in surface waters according to claim 1, wherein: The outer wall of the inner tube (6) is fixed by welding with the inner wall of the inner tube (6).

Images