A heavy point load testing system

Abstract

A heavy-duty point load testing system includes a base and two vertically mounted main columns. An upper and lower crossbeam are installed on the two main columns, spaced apart vertically. The upper crossbeam is fixedly connected to the main columns, while the lower crossbeam slides along the columns and is connected to the base via a telescopic device. An auxiliary crossbeam perpendicular to the upper crossbeam is connected to it. An upper clamp is located below the upper crossbeam, and a lower clamp is located above the lower crossbeam. A sample net is located above the lower clamp. A protective cover is installed on the lower crossbeam. A camera device is located outside the base, with a transparent baffle between the camera device and the base. This invention achieves mechanized support of the specimen by suspending the flexible sample net using the auxiliary crossbeam, replacing the dangerous manual support. Combined with the protective cover that prevents debris from splashing and the transparent baffle that isolates the risk of observation, a comprehensive safety protection system is constructed from specimen clamping and stress failure to process observation, significantly improving the safety and reliability of the test operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of heavy point load testing technology, specifically a heavy point load testing system. Background Technology

[0002] The point load strength test in the national standard "Standard for Test Methods of Rock Mass in Engineering" (GB / T 50266-2013) involves placing the specimen between a pair of spherical cones on the upper and lower ends of a point load apparatus and applying a concentrated load until failure. The rock point load strength index and rock point load strength anisotropy index are then calculated. The standard stipulates that the rock point load test can be used for all types of rock, and it is a test method to indirectly determine rock strength. The specimen can be a cube or an irregular block. Generally, the size of the rock sample block is 50mm ± 35mm. For larger and heavier rock samples, they must be crushed before testing. Currently, most point load testing instruments on the market can only apply a maximum axial compressive force of 100kN, which is insufficient to crush harder rock types, making it impossible to obtain relevant test data. Therefore, the point load technology currently has significant limitations in engineering applications.

[0003] The existing point load testing equipment and technology currently have the following main shortcomings: the point load testing equipment can test rocks with small size and low hardness, and the test pressure range is small; the double support column structure cannot adapt to heavy point load testing operations; and it is not safe or labor-saving to use hands to assist in fixing rock samples, and the safety protection against rock fragments splashing and collision is insufficient. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model provides a heavy point load testing system.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A heavy point load testing system includes a base and two main columns vertically mounted thereon. An upper crossbeam and a lower crossbeam are installed on the two main columns at intervals. The upper crossbeam is fixedly connected to the main columns, and the lower crossbeam is slidably connected to the columns. The lower crossbeam is connected to the base through a telescopic device. An auxiliary beam perpendicular to the upper beam is connected to the upper beam. The auxiliary beam is set horizontally and its two ends are connected to the base through vertically set auxiliary columns. An upper clamp is provided below the upper crossbeam, and a lower clamp corresponding to the upper clamp is provided above the lower crossbeam. A sample net is provided above the lower clamp. The sample net has an upper opening and a lower opening, and the upper part of the sample net is connected to both ends of the upper crossbeam and / or both ends of the auxiliary crossbeam by ropes. The sample net is located below the upper clamp. A protective cover is provided on the lower crossbeam. A through hole adapted to the lower clamp is opened in the middle of the protective cover. A snap-fit ​​groove adapted to the main column and the auxiliary column is opened on the outside of the protective cover. The protective cover is fitted onto the lower clamp and snap-fitted to the main column and the auxiliary column respectively.

[0006] When a rock specimen fractures under pressure, a protective cover is designed to block the debris and allow it to fall slowly to the outside. The cover is a circular plate structure with a height that decreases from the center to the outside. This design not only blocks the debris but also facilitates its removal.

[0007] To avoid interference between the protective cover and the lower clamp on the rock sample, the maximum height of the protective cover is lower than the height of the middle position of the lower clamp.

[0008] The specific structure of the sample net is as follows: the sample net is a flexible sample net with a conical cylindrical structure, and the inner diameter of its lower opening is 1.2-2 times the outer diameter of the lower clamp.

[0009] To protect the surfaces of the main and auxiliary columns, vertically arranged arc-shaped corrugated pipes are connected to the snap-fit ​​grooves. The cross-section of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe is arc-shaped, and the curvature of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe is adapted to the curvature of the main or auxiliary column. The inner wall of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe abuts against and slides against the corresponding main and auxiliary columns. The arc-shaped corrugated pipe can move up and down under the action of the protective cover and the lower crossbeam. The arc-shaped corrugated pipe does not affect the up and down movement of the lower crossbeam and the lower clamp.

[0010] Furthermore, the length of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe is greater than the maximum vertical distance between the upper and lower clamps, which can effectively protect the surface of the main column and auxiliary column below the upper clamp.

[0011] The central angle corresponding to the arc of the curved corrugated pipe is set between 180° and 270°. If the arc of the main column and auxiliary column is less than 180°, the protection surface is small and the protection is not comprehensive. The curved corrugated pipe can be a corrugated pipe with a certain degree of hardness, which can be installed on the protective cover without deformation.

[0012] Furthermore, a camera device is installed on the outside of the base, and a transparent baffle is installed between the camera device and the base. The upper surface of the transparent baffle is at a higher level than the lowest point of the upper clamp.

[0013] The specific structure of the aforementioned snap-fit ​​groove is as follows: the snap-fit ​​groove includes a connected arc-shaped groove and a rectangular groove, with the arc-shaped groove located on the inner side and the rectangular groove having an open opening on the side away from the arc-shaped groove.

[0014] The connection method of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe is that the lower end of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe is symmetrically provided with connecting ears. The connecting ears are detachably connected to the protective cover through the connecting parts, and the connecting parts are located outside the arc-shaped groove.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting up a composite support frame consisting of two main columns, an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, and auxiliary crossbeams and columns, the structural rigidity and stability of the entire test system are greatly enhanced. Compared with existing technologies, the equipment can withstand test pressures higher than 100kN, thus enabling effective point load tests on larger and harder rock specimens. The flexible sample net is suspended from the upper and auxiliary crossbeams by ropes and is set above the lower clamp to support the rock specimen. By replacing the traditional manual support operation, it not only saves time and labor, but also eliminates the safety risks to operators caused by the specimen slipping or overturning during the pressurization process. It realizes the mechanization and safety of specimen clamping. In addition, the lower opening of the flexible sample net with its conical cylindrical structure is larger than that of the lower clamp, which can provide sufficient space for the specimen without interfering with the pressurization process. The circular, plate-shaped protective cover with a slope can effectively block the rock fragments that splash when the specimen is crushed, and its slope guides the gravel to slide down in an orderly manner, making it easy to clean and ensuring the safety and cleanliness of the test environment. In conjunction with the arc-shaped corrugated pipe fitted on the column, it can fully protect the surface of the column from the impact and wear of gravel, prevent small rock fragments or powders from easily entering the gaps between the main column and the lower crossbeam, which are difficult to clean, and thus prevent increased friction from causing the point load data to be too large, thereby extending the service life of the equipment. The device structure of this utility model patent can not only test point loads, but also expand its functions to be applied to other rock testing projects. For example, by replacing the cone head with a flat head, it can test the uniaxial compressive strength of rocks; by replacing it with a shear test indenter and a pull-out test fastening tension joint, it can be used for rock shear and pull-out tests. Various tests can meet the heavy-duty testing requirements of using high pressure on high-hardness, large specimens. Attached Figure Description

[0016] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a structural diagram; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a front view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protective cover and the curved corrugated pipe structure; The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are: 1. Base; 2. Main column; 3. Upper crossbeam; 4. Lower crossbeam; 5. Telescopic device; 6. Auxiliary crossbeam; 7. Auxiliary column; 8. Upper clamp; 9. Lower clamp; 10. Sample net bag; 11. Rope; 12. Protective cover; 1201. Through hole; 1202. Clip groove; 12021. Arc groove; 12022. Rectangular groove; 13. Camera device; 14. Transparent baffle; 15. Arc-shaped corrugated pipe; 16. Connecting lug; 17. Connector. Detailed Implementation

[0017] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a heavy point load testing system includes a base 1 and two main columns 2 vertically mounted on it. The base can be a counterweight box to increase the load and stabilize the test equipment under pressure, or it can be anchored to the ground to stabilize the test equipment under pressure. Upper crossbeams 3 and lower crossbeams 4 are installed on the two main columns 2, spaced apart vertically. The upper crossbeams 3 are fixedly connected to the main columns 2, and the lower crossbeams 4 are slidably connected to the columns. The lower crossbeams 4 are connected to the base 1 via a telescopic device 5, which can be an electric jack.

[0018] An auxiliary crossbeam 6 perpendicular to the upper crossbeam 3 is connected to it. The auxiliary crossbeam 6 is horizontally positioned, and both ends of it are connected to the base 1 via vertically positioned auxiliary columns 7. An upper clamp 8 is located below the upper crossbeam 3, and a lower clamp 9 corresponding to the upper clamp 8 is located above the lower crossbeam 4. A jack is located on the base 1, with the upper end of the jack abutting against the lower end face of the lower crossbeam 4, and the axis of the jack is coaxial with the axis of the lower clamp 9.

[0019] See Figure 2 As shown, a sample net 10 is provided above the lower clamp 9. The sample net 10 has an upper opening and a lower opening, and the upper part of the sample net 10 is connected to both ends of the upper crossbeam 3 and the two ends of the auxiliary crossbeam 6 via ropes 11. The sample net 10 is located below the upper clamp 8, and its height can be adjusted by the ropes 11. The sample net 10 is a flexible sample net 10, which can be formed by weaving rope. The flexible sample net 10 has a conical cylindrical structure, and the inner diameter of its lower opening is 1.2-2 times the outer diameter of the lower clamp 9. This facilitates placing the lower part of the rock sample in the lower clamp 9, and also ensures that the sample net 10 will not affect the test of the rock sample when the upper clamp 8 and the lower clamp 9 clamp the rock sample. The sample net 10 can also catch the fragments that appear when the rock sample is crushed, and together with the protective cover 12, it plays a protective role for the equipment and personnel.

[0020] See Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, a protective cover 12 is provided on the lower crossbeam 4. A through hole 1201, adapted to the lower clamp 9, is provided in the center of the protective cover 12. Snap-fit ​​grooves 1202, adapted to the main column 2 and auxiliary column 7, are provided on the outer side of the protective cover 12. The protective cover 12 is fitted onto the lower clamp 9 and snap-fitted to the main column 2 and auxiliary column 7, respectively. The snap-fit ​​groove 1202 includes a connected arc-shaped groove 12021 and a rectangular groove 12022. The arc-shaped groove 12021 is located on the inner side, and the rectangular groove 12022 has an open side away from the arc-shaped groove 12021.

[0021] When a rock specimen fractures under pressure, the protective cover 12 is designed to block the debris and allow it to fall slowly to the outside. The protective cover 12 has a circular plate-like structure, with its upper surface height decreasing from the center outwards. This design effectively blocks the debris while facilitating its removal. To prevent interference between the protective cover 12 and the lower clamp 9 on the rock specimen, the maximum height of the protective cover 12 is lower than the height of the middle position of the lower clamp 9. The circular plate-like protective cover 12 with its slope effectively blocks rock fragments ejected during specimen crushing and guides the debris to slide down in an orderly manner, facilitating cleanup and ensuring a safe and clean testing environment. Combined with the arc-shaped corrugated pipe 15 fitted onto the column, it comprehensively protects the column surface from impact and wear caused by debris, extending the equipment's service life.

[0022] See Figure 4 As shown, to protect the surfaces of the main column 2 and the auxiliary column 7, vertically arranged arc-shaped corrugated pipes 15 are connected to the snap-fit ​​grooves 1202. The cross-section of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe 15 is arc-shaped, and its curvature matches the curvature of the main column 2 or the auxiliary column 7. The inner wall of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe 15 abuts against and slides against the corresponding main column 2 and auxiliary column 7. The arc-shaped corrugated pipe 15 can move up and down under the influence of the protective cover 12 and the lower crossbeam 4, without affecting the up and down movement of the lower crossbeam 4 and the lower clamp 9. The length of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe 15 is greater than the maximum vertical distance between the upper clamp 8 and the lower clamp 9, effectively protecting the surfaces of the main column 2 and the auxiliary column 7 below the upper clamp 8.

[0023] The central angle corresponding to the arc of the curved corrugated pipe 15 is between 180° and 270°. If the arc of the main column 2 and the auxiliary column 7 is less than 180°, the protection surface is small and the protection is not comprehensive. The curved corrugated pipe 15 can be a corrugated pipe with a certain degree of hardness, which can be installed on the protective cover without deformation. The connection method of the curved corrugated pipe 15 is that the lower end of the curved corrugated pipe 15 is symmetrically provided with connecting ears 16. The connecting ears 16 are detachably connected to the protective cover 12 through the connecting piece 17, and the connecting piece 17 is located outside the arc groove 12021.

[0024] A camera device 13 is installed on the outer side of the base 1. A transparent baffle 14 is installed between the camera device 13 and the base 1. The transparent baffle 14 can be two meters high, completely blocking the personnel and the camera device 13. The transparent baffle 14 includes a frame and a transparent plate installed on the frame. The camera device 13 includes a high-definition explosion-proof camera, which records in real time using an external high-definition explosion-proof camera. The deformation is measured later through a direct method of image measurement and comparison. The high-definition explosion-proof camera is placed on an independent tripod. The camera and the transparent baffle 14 are completely separated. The collision of gravel with the moving baffle does not cause vibration of the high-definition explosion-proof camera and does not affect the stability of the video image. The horizontal plane of the upper surface of the transparent baffle 14 is higher than the horizontal plane of the lowest point of the upper clamp 8.

Claims

1. A heavy point load testing system, characterized in that, It includes a base (1) and two main columns (2) set vertically on it. The two main columns (2) are equipped with an upper crossbeam (3) and a lower crossbeam (4) set at intervals. The upper crossbeam (3) is fixedly connected to the main column (2), and the lower crossbeam (4) is slidably connected to the column. The lower crossbeam (4) is connected to the base (1) through a telescopic device (5). The upper crossbeam (3) is connected to an auxiliary crossbeam (6) perpendicular to it. The auxiliary crossbeam (6) is horizontally set and its two ends are connected to the base (1) through the vertically set auxiliary columns (7). An upper clamp (8) is provided below the upper crossbeam (3), and a lower clamp (9) corresponding to the upper clamp (8) is provided above the lower crossbeam (4). A sample net bag (10) is provided above the lower clamp (9). The upper part of the sample net bag (10) is connected to the two ends of the upper crossbeam (3) and / or the two ends of the auxiliary crossbeam (6) through a rope (11). The lower crossbeam (4) is provided with a protective cover (12). The protective cover (12) has a through hole (1201) in the middle that is compatible with the lower clamp (9). The outer side of the protective cover (12) has a snap-fit ​​groove (1202) that is compatible with the main column (2) and the auxiliary column (7). The protective cover (12) is fitted onto the lower clamp (9) and snap-fitted to the main column (2) and the auxiliary column (7) respectively.

2. The heavy point load testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover (12) is a circular plate structure, and the height of its upper surface decreases from the center to the outside.

3. The heavy point load testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The highest height of the protective cover (12) is lower than the height of the middle position of the lower clamp (9).

4. The heavy point load testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample net (10) is a flexible sample net with a conical cylindrical structure. The sample net (10) has an upper opening and a lower opening. The inner diameter of the lower opening is 1.2-2 times the outer diameter of the lower clamp (9).

5. The heavy point load testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the snap-fit ​​grooves (1202) is connected to a vertically arranged arc-shaped corrugated pipe (15), the cross section of which is an arc structure. The curvature of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe (15) is adapted to the curvature of the main column (2) or the auxiliary column (7), and the inner wall of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe (15) abuts against and slides against the corresponding main column (2) and auxiliary column (7).

6. The heavy point load testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe (15) is greater than the maximum vertical distance between the upper clamp (8) and the lower clamp (9).

7. A heavy point load testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The central angle corresponding to the arc of the curved section of the corrugated pipe (15) is between 180° and 270°.

8. The heavy point load testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A camera device (13) is provided on the outside of the base (1), and a transparent baffle (14) is provided between the camera device (13) and the base (1). The upper surface of the transparent baffle (14) is at a height higher than the lowest point of the upper clamp (8).

9. A heavy point load testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​groove (1202) includes a connected arc-shaped groove (12021) and a rectangular groove (12022). The arc-shaped groove (12021) is located on the inner side, and the rectangular groove (12022) is open on the side away from the arc-shaped groove (12021).

10. A heavy point load testing system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower outer side of the arc-shaped corrugated pipe (15) is symmetrically provided with connecting ears (16). The connecting ears (16) are detachably connected to the protective cover (12) through the connector (17), and the connector (17) is located outside the arc groove (12021).

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