A power battery liquid cooling device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of power battery liquid cooling equipment, it is related to battery heat dissipation technical field, including the connecting plate of fixed installation on power battery, with the detachable connection together of cover plate of connecting plate, and the installation cavity of the common constitution of connecting plate and cover plate, further include emergency heat dissipation component, multiple slots are opened with array on the connecting plate, slot and power battery battery pack one-to-one correspondence, slot is fixedly installed with liquid cooling plate, and the heating end of corresponding battery pack of liquid cooling plate is in contact together.The power battery liquid cooling equipment, when single battery pack temperature is abnormal, when each battery pack liquid cooling branch is independently set temperature control tee bend valve, can automatically, quickly switch this branch from main heat dissipation circuit to independent emergency circuit, which effectively isolates fault heat source, prevent high-temperature coolant in main stream system circulation, thoroughly avoid the "thermal runaway" phenomenon spread through liquid cooling system between different battery pack, greatly improve the overall safety of battery system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery heat dissipation technology, specifically to a power battery liquid cooling device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles and energy storage power stations, the performance of the thermal management system of the power battery, as a core component, is directly related to the safety and reliability of the entire vehicle. Lithium-ion batteries continuously generate heat during charging and discharging. If the heat cannot be dissipated in a timely and effective manner, it will cause the battery pack temperature to rise, which will not only accelerate battery aging, but more seriously, in extreme cases, it may cause thermal runaway, resulting in a chain reaction and ultimately leading to a fire or explosion.

[0003] When one or more cells in a battery pack overheat abnormally due to internal short circuits, overcharging, or other faults, the coolant flowing through the faulty cell will rapidly heat up. This "heated" coolant, during its return flow, mixes with coolant from other healthy battery packs in the main pipe, thus transferring heat to the entire system. This "thermal runoff" effect, like the weakest link in a "barrel effect," raises the temperature plateau of the entire battery pack. In severe cases, it can even induce a vicious cycle of thermal runaway in adjacent healthy cells, greatly threatening the overall safety of the battery system.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a liquid cooling device for power batteries to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] Technical problem to be solved: The purpose of this utility model is to provide a power battery liquid cooling device to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that when one or more cells in the battery pack are abnormally heated due to faults such as internal short circuits or overcharging, the temperature plateau of the entire battery pack is raised through the "thermal diffusion" effect. In severe cases, it may even induce adjacent healthy cells to enter a vicious cycle of thermal runaway, which greatly threatens the overall safety of the battery system.

[0006] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A power battery liquid cooling device includes a connecting plate fixedly mounted on a power battery, a cover plate detachably connected to the connecting plate, and an installation cavity formed by the connecting plate and the cover plate. It also includes an emergency heat dissipation component. The connecting plate has multiple slots arranged in an array, each slot corresponding to a battery pack of the power battery. A liquid cooling plate is fixedly installed within each slot, and the liquid cooling plate contacts the heat-generating end of the corresponding battery pack. The emergency heat dissipation component includes a temperature-controlled three-way valve and an emergency radiator. The installation cavity contains an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, an emergency inlet pipe, and an emergency outlet pipe. The inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the vehicle's cooling system, and the emergency inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the emergency radiator. The input end of the liquid cooling plate is connected to the inlet pipe and the emergency inlet pipe via the temperature-controlled three-way valve, and the output end of the liquid cooling plate is also connected to the outlet pipe and the emergency outlet pipe via the temperature-controlled three-way valve.

[0007] Preferably, a fixing rod is evenly fixedly installed on the side of the liquid cooling plate near the battery pack, and the liquid cooling plate and the battery pack are bonded together with thermally conductive adhesive.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature-controlled three-way valve is provided with an upper port, a middle port and a lower port, and the temperature-controlled three-way valve is provided with a cavity. A fixing ring is fixedly installed in the cavity, and a slide rod is slidably fitted inside the fixing ring. A frustum-shaped valve plug is fixedly installed at both ends of the slide rod, and a temperature-controlled spring is fitted on the slide rod between the fixing ring and the upper valve plug.

[0009] Preferably, the temperature-controlled three-way valve located at the input end of the liquid cooling plate has its upper port connected to the water inlet pipe, its middle port connected to the input end of the liquid cooling plate, and its lower port connected to the emergency water inlet pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the inlet pipe is fixedly connected with multiple inlet branch pipes at intervals along the longitudinal direction, and the upper port of the input end temperature control three-way valve of the multiple liquid cooling plates in the same row is connected to the inlet pipe through the same inlet branch pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature-controlled three-way valve located at the output end of the liquid cooling plate has a middle port connected to the output end of the liquid cooling plate, an upper port connected to the water outlet pipe, and a lower port connected to the emergency water outlet pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the water outlet pipe is fixedly connected with multiple water outlet branch pipes at intervals along the longitudinal direction, and the upper port of the output end temperature control three-way valve of the multiple liquid cooling plates in the same row is connected to the water outlet pipe through the same water outlet branch pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting ring is fixedly installed in the slot of the connecting plate, and the liquid cooling plate is fixedly installed in the connecting ring.

[0014] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a power battery liquid cooling device with a unique structure and convenient use. By independently setting temperature-controlled three-way valves in the liquid cooling branches of each battery pack, when the temperature of a single battery pack is abnormal, the branch can be automatically and quickly switched from the main heat dissipation circuit to an independent emergency circuit. This effectively isolates the fault heat source, prevents high-temperature coolant from circulating in the main system, and completely avoids the spread of "thermal runaway" phenomenon between different battery packs through the liquid cooling system, greatly improving the overall safety of the battery system. The liquid cooling plate is fixed to the battery pack by fixing rods and thermally conductive adhesive, which increases the effective contact and heat transfer area and ensures the reliability of the mechanical connection, achieving a unity of efficient heat dissipation and structural stability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is an internal schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the temperature-controlled three-way valve structure of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Connecting plate; 2. Cover plate; 3. Connecting ring; 4. Liquid cooling plate; 5. Fixing rod; 6. Emergency radiator; 7. Inlet pipe; 8. Outlet pipe; 9. Temperature-controlled three-way valve; 91. Upper port; 92. Middle port; 93. Lower port; 94. Fixing ring; 95. Slide rod; 96. Temperature-controlled spring; 97. Valve plug; 10. Inlet branch pipe; 11. Outlet branch pipe; 12. Emergency inlet pipe; 13. Emergency outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Example 1: This Example 1 provides a liquid cooling device for power batteries, which is a direct improvement on existing liquid cooling devices and has a unique structure. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes a connecting plate 1, a cover plate 2, a liquid cooling plate 4, and an emergency heat dissipation assembly. The connecting plate 1 is fixedly installed on the housing of the power battery by bolts to ensure the stability of the overall structure. The cover plate 2 is detachably connected to the connecting plate 1 by the peripheral buckles and sealing rings, together forming a sealed installation cavity to accommodate and protect the internal pipes and components.

[0019] On the connecting plate 1, multiple slots are formed in a rectangular array. The number of slots corresponds one-to-one with the number of battery packs (usually cells or cell modules) inside the power battery. A connecting ring 3 is fixedly installed in each slot. A liquid cooling plate 4 is fixedly installed in the connecting ring 3 by interference fit or bonding. The liquid cooling plate 4 is made of aluminum alloy with good thermal conductivity. The side of it close to the battery pack is machined into a flat surface to ensure a large-area close contact with the heat-generating end of the corresponding battery pack (usually the bottom or side of the cell).

[0020] To further enhance heat conduction and achieve mechanical fixation, multiple cylindrical fixing rods 5, also made of metal, are evenly fixedly installed on the side of the liquid cooling plate 4 that contacts the battery pack. During assembly, highly thermally conductive silicone grease is applied to the working surface of the liquid cooling plate 4 and the fixing rods 5 to firmly bond the liquid cooling plate 4 to the battery pack. This structure not only significantly increases the effective heat exchange area but also enhances the bonding strength through the fixing rods 5, preventing delamination caused by vehicle vibration.

[0021] The emergency cooling assembly includes an independent emergency radiator 6 and multiple temperature-controlled three-way valves 9. Within the mounting cavity formed by the connecting plate 1 and the cover plate 2, inlet pipes 7, outlet pipes 8, emergency inlet pipes 12, and emergency outlet pipes 13 are installed. Inlet pipes 7 and 8 are connected to the vehicle's existing cooling system (such as the engine coolant tank or front-end cooling module) via quick-connect couplings, forming the main cooling circuit. Emergency inlet pipes 12 and 13 are connected to the independently installed emergency radiator 6, forming an emergency cooling circuit. The emergency radiator 6 can be a small, fan-equipped cooling fin assembly installed within the battery pack or other available space. The emergency radiator 6 contains a water pump that is connected to the vehicle's control system.

[0022] Each liquid cooling plate 4 has a temperature-controlled three-way valve 9 connected to both its coolant inlet and outlet. Specifically, the temperature-controlled three-way valve 9 at the inlet has its upper port 91 connected to the main water inlet pipe 7 via a pipe, its port 92 connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate 4 via a pipe, and its lower port 93 connected to the emergency water inlet pipe 12 via a pipe. The temperature-controlled three-way valve 9 at the outlet has its port 92 connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 4 via a pipe, its upper port 91 connected to the main water outlet pipe 8 via a pipe, and its lower port 93 connected to the emergency water outlet pipe 13 via a pipe.

[0023] The temperature-controlled three-way valve 9 has an internal cavity, in which a ring-shaped fixing ring 94 is fixedly installed. A slide rod 95 axially passes through the fixing ring 94 and can slide up and down relative to it. A frustum-shaped valve plug 97 is fixedly installed at each end of the slide rod 95. The conical surface of the valve plug 97 matches the conical surface on the valve body corresponding to each port to achieve a seal. A temperature-controlled spring 96 is sleeved on the slide rod 95 section between the upper valve plug 97 and the fixing ring 94. The temperature-controlled spring 96 is preferably a shape memory alloy (SMA) spring or a bimetallic strip driven spring structure. Its characteristic is that when a specific trigger temperature (e.g., 60°C) is reached, a significant phase change or deformation occurs, resulting in a significant elongation of its length.

[0024] Working principle and process: Under normal working conditions, the temperature of all battery packs in the power battery is within the normal range. At this time, the temperature control springs 96 in all temperature control three-way valves 9 are in a compressed state. Under the action of gravity, the valve plug 97 at the lower end of the slide rod 95 seals the valve seat of the lower port 93, while the upper port 91 is in an open state. The coolant flows out from the vehicle's cooling system, through the main inlet pipe 7, the upper port 91 and the middle port 92 of each input temperature control three-way valve 9, and flows in parallel into each liquid cooling plate 4. After absorbing the heat of the battery pack in the liquid cooling plate 4, the heated coolant then flows through the middle port 92 and the upper port 91 of each output temperature control three-way valve 9, and gathers into the main outlet pipe 8. Finally, it flows back to the vehicle's cooling system for cooling, forming a highly efficient parallel cooling cycle.

[0025] When a battery pack overheats abnormally due to internal short circuits, overcharging, or other faults, causing the temperature of the liquid cooling plate 4 in contact with it to rise sharply, the temperature-controlled three-way valve 9 connected to the input and output ends of the liquid cooling plate 4 will sense this temperature change. Taking the input temperature-controlled three-way valve 9 as an example: when the temperature of the coolant flowing through the valve exceeds the trigger temperature of the temperature-controlled spring 96, the temperature-controlled spring 96 will stretch due to heat, the slide rod 95 will move upward, the valve plug 97 at the upper end of the slide rod 95 will rise accordingly and finally seal the valve seat of the upper port 91, while the valve plug 97 at the lower end of the slide rod 95 will leave the valve seat of the lower port 93, causing the lower port 93 to open.

[0026] At the same time, the output temperature control three-way valve 9 corresponding to the faulty battery pack also undergoes the same state switch: the upper port 91 (connected to the main water outlet pipe 8) is closed, and the lower port 93 (connected to the emergency water outlet pipe 13) is opened; thus, for the "problem" liquid cooling plate 4 with excessively high temperature, its cooling circuit is automatically switched from the main heat dissipation circuit and switched to the emergency heat dissipation circuit; at the same time, the vehicle's control system controls the water pump in the emergency radiator 6 to work, and the coolant flow path becomes: from the emergency water inlet pipe 12, through the lower port 93 and the middle port 92 of the input temperature control three-way valve 9 into the "problem" liquid cooling plate 4, after absorbing heat, and then through the middle port 92 and the lower port 93 of the output temperature control three-way valve 9 into the emergency water outlet pipe 13, and finally flows to the emergency radiator 6 for dedicated heat dissipation.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A power battery liquid cooling device, comprising a connecting plate (1) fixedly mounted on a power battery, a cover plate (2) detachably connected to the connecting plate (1), and an installation cavity formed by the connecting plate (1) and the cover plate (2), characterized in that: It also includes an emergency heat dissipation component. The connecting plate (1) has multiple slots arrayed on it. Each slot corresponds to a battery pack of the power battery. A liquid cooling plate (4) is fixedly installed in the slot. The liquid cooling plate (4) is in contact with the heat-generating end of the corresponding battery pack. The emergency heat dissipation component includes a temperature-controlled three-way valve (9) and an emergency radiator (6). The installation cavity is provided with an inlet pipe (7), an outlet pipe (8), an emergency inlet pipe (12), and an emergency outlet pipe (13). The inlet pipe (7) and the outlet pipe (8) are connected to the vehicle's heat dissipation system. The emergency inlet pipe (12) and the emergency outlet pipe (13) are connected to the emergency radiator (6). The input end of the liquid cooling plate (4) is connected to the inlet pipe (7) and the emergency inlet pipe (12) respectively via the temperature-controlled three-way valve (9). The output end of the liquid cooling plate (4) is also connected to the outlet pipe (8) and the emergency outlet pipe (13) respectively via the temperature-controlled three-way valve (9).

2. The power battery liquid cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate (4) is uniformly fixed with fixing rods (5) on the side near the battery pack. The liquid cooling plate (4) and the battery pack are bonded together with thermally conductive adhesive.

3. The power battery liquid cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control three-way valve (9) is provided with an upper port (91), a middle port (92) and a lower port (93). The temperature control three-way valve (9) is provided with a cavity. A fixing ring (94) is fixedly installed in the cavity. A slide rod (95) is slidably fitted inside the fixing ring (94). A frustum-shaped valve plug (97) is fixedly installed at both ends of the slide rod (95). A temperature control spring (96) is fitted on the slide rod (95) between the fixing ring (94) and the valve plug (97) above.

4. The power battery liquid cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control three-way valve (9) located at the input end of the liquid cooling plate (4) has an upper port (91) connected to the water inlet pipe (7), a middle port (92) connected to the input end of the liquid cooling plate (4), and a lower port (93) connected to the emergency water inlet pipe (12).

5. The power battery liquid cooling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inlet pipe (7) is fixedly connected with multiple inlet branch pipes (10) at intervals along the longitudinal direction. The upper port (91) of the input end temperature control three-way valve (9) of the multiple liquid cooling plates (4) in the same row is connected to the inlet pipe (7) through the same inlet branch pipe (10).

6. The power battery liquid cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control three-way valve (9) located at the output end of the liquid cooling plate (4) has a middle port (92) connected to the output end of the liquid cooling plate (4), an upper port (91) connected to the water outlet pipe (8), and a lower port (93) connected to the emergency water outlet pipe (13).

7. A power battery liquid cooling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outlet pipe (8) is fixedly connected with multiple outlet branch pipes (11) at intervals along the longitudinal direction. The upper port (91) of the output end temperature control three-way valve (9) of the multiple liquid cooling plates (4) in the same row is connected to the outlet pipe (8) through the same outlet branch pipe (11).

8. The power battery liquid cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting ring (3) is fixedly installed in the slot on the connecting plate (1), and a liquid cooling plate (4) is fixedly installed in the connecting ring (3).

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