A short-circuit resistant energy storage battery structure

Abstract

This utility model discloses a short-circuit-proof energy storage battery structure in the field of energy storage batteries. The structure includes a bottom shell and a cover. The bottom shell contains several parallel-arranged battery cells. Each cell is embedded into a pre-set groove in the bottom shell via a foolproof assembly part on one side, preventing the positive and negative terminals from being reversed during assembly. The upper surface of each cell has mutually separated positive and negative terminals. An insulating sheet extending between the positive and negative terminals of each cell is fixed to the bottom of the cover. Positive and negative connecting pieces are connected to both sides of the insulating sheet. Each positive and negative connecting piece has a positive and negative contact spring with a positive and negative connection part on one side. An adjustment knob is installed on the top of the cover above each connection part; rotating the knob controls the contact between the connection part and the corresponding terminal. The top of the cover also has a terminal post electrically connected to the positive and negative connecting pieces. This structure effectively avoids short-circuit hazards and ensures battery safety through triple protection: foolproof assembly, physical isolation, and controllable connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage battery technology, specifically to an energy storage battery structure that is protected against short circuits. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, energy storage batteries are increasingly widely used in electric vehicles, renewable energy storage, portable electronic devices, and other fields. Energy storage batteries typically consist of multiple cells connected in series and parallel to increase voltage or capacity and meet the power and energy requirements of different application scenarios. However, battery safety has always been a key concern in the industry, especially under high energy density conditions, where short circuits can lead to serious accidents such as thermal runaway, fire, or even explosion.

[0003] In traditional energy storage battery structures, cells are typically installed into the battery casing manually or semi-automatically. Since cells have distinct positive and negative terminals, incorrect orientation during assembly (such as reversing the polarity) can easily cause internal short circuits. Current technologies largely rely on operator experience or simple markings for error prevention, but these methods still cannot completely eliminate assembly errors caused by human negligence.

[0004] Furthermore, the isolation between the positive and negative electrodes inside a battery primarily relies on ordinary insulating separators or air gaps. This isolation method may fail after the battery is subjected to vibration, impact, or long-term use due to component displacement, aging, or the intrusion of metallic impurities, leading to an accidental connection between the positive and negative electrodes and forming a short circuit. Especially in large-capacity battery modules, where multiple cells are densely arranged, a localized short circuit can quickly spread to the entire system. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing technical solutions, this utility model provides a short-circuit-proof energy storage battery structure, which can effectively solve the technical problem that current energy storage batteries are prone to short circuits.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A short-circuit-proof energy storage battery structure includes a bottom shell and a cover. The bottom shell has a plurality of parallel-arranged battery cells inside. One side of each battery cell has a foolproof part, and the battery cell is embedded and fixed in a pre-set groove in the bottom shell through the foolproof part. The upper end face of each battery cell has a positive terminal and a negative terminal that are far apart from each other.

[0008] The bottom of the cover is provided with a fixed insulating sheet, which extends between the positive and negative terminals of each cell. Positive and negative connecting pieces are respectively connected to both sides of the insulating sheet. A number of positive electrode springs extending towards the positive terminal are provided on one side of the positive electrode connecting piece, and a positive electrode connection part is provided at the end of the positive electrode spring. A number of negative electrode springs extending towards the negative terminal are provided on one side of the negative electrode connecting piece, and a negative electrode connection part is provided at the end of the negative electrode spring.

[0009] The top of the cover is equipped with several adjustable knobs that can be rotated up and down, and these adjustable knobs are located above each positive and negative terminal connection. When the adjustable knob is rotated down, the positive terminal connection is simultaneously brought into contact with the positive terminal, or the negative terminal connection is brought into contact with the negative terminal.

[0010] The top of the cover is also provided with a positive terminal post electrically connected to the positive terminal connecting piece and a negative terminal post electrically connected to the negative terminal connecting piece.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-section of the anti-mistake part is triangular and recessed into the inside of the battery cell, and the inner wall of the groove is provided with anti-mistake protrusions that match the shape of the anti-mistake part at corresponding positions.

[0012] Furthermore, the positive electrode connection part has a positive electrode contact part with a hemispherical structure on the side near the positive end, and the negative electrode connection part has a negative electrode contact part with a hemispherical structure on the side near the negative end.

[0013] Furthermore, the cover has several holes for installing adjustment knobs. The adjustment knobs and the holes are rotated together by matching threaded bodies. An insulating block is provided at the end of the adjustment knob.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the positive electrode terminal is welded and fixed to the positive electrode connecting piece, and one end of the negative electrode terminal is welded and fixed to the negative electrode connecting piece.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] (1) The battery cell is fitted with the bottom shell groove through the anti-fooling part, which avoids the short circuit caused by the positive and negative terminals being reversed due to the battery cell being installed in reverse from the assembly source, thus solving the short circuit hazard caused by human assembly errors in traditional batteries.

[0017] (2) The insulating sheet at the bottom of the cover extends directly between the positive and negative terminals of each cell, forming a physical isolation barrier. This effectively blocks the accidental conductive path between the positive and negative terminals of the cell itself and the positive and negative terminal connecting pieces. Even if there is slight displacement of components or intrusion of impurities inside the battery, short circuits can be avoided.

[0018] (3) By adjusting the knob, the contact between the connection part and the battery cell ends is controlled, replacing the traditional manual plug-in or soldering connection, reducing the risk of short circuit caused by accidental contact with the positive and negative terminals during operation. The triple protection ensures the safety of battery use. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the bottom shell and the battery cell in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom shell structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cover, insulating sheet, positive electrode connecting sheet, and negative electrode connecting sheet in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of section A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cover structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B;

[0026] Numbering on the map:

[0027] 1-Bottom shell, 2-Cover, 3-Battery cell, 4-Insulating sheet, 5-Positive electrode connecting piece, 6-Negative electrode connecting piece, 7-Adjusting knob, 8-Positive electrode connection post, 9-Negative electrode connection post, 10-Insulating block;

[0028] 101 - Groove, 102 - Anti-foolproof protrusion;

[0029] 201-Swivel hole;

[0030] 301 - Mistake-proof section, 302 - Positive extreme, 303 - Negative extreme;

[0031] 501 - Positive electrode spring, 502 - Positive electrode connection part, 503 - Positive electrode contact part;

[0032] 601 - Negative electrode spring, 602 - Negative electrode connection part, 603 - Negative electrode contact part. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] like Figure 1-7 As shown, this utility model provides a short-circuit resistant energy storage battery structure, which mainly consists of a bottom shell 1, a cover 2, a battery cell 3, an insulating sheet 4, a positive electrode connecting piece 5, a negative electrode connecting piece 6, an adjustment knob 7, a positive electrode terminal 8, and a negative electrode terminal 9. Through the coordinated operation of these components, the risk of internal short circuits in the battery is effectively controlled, while ensuring the battery's stable conductivity. The bottom shell 1 and the cover 2 serve as the external support structure for the battery. They can be fixed together using snaps, screws, or other conventional connection methods to form a closed battery housing space, preventing external impurities from entering and affecting battery performance.

[0035] Inside the bottom shell 1, several battery cells 3 are arranged parallel to each other along its length or width. As the core component for energy storage, the accuracy of the battery cell 3's installation directly affects the overall safety of the battery. To prevent misalignment of the battery cells 3 during installation (such as reversing the positive and negative terminals), which could lead to short circuits or circuit failures, a foolproof part 301 is provided on one side of the battery cell 3. At the same time, a groove 101 matching the number of battery cells 3 is pre-set inside the bottom shell 1. The position of the groove 101 corresponds to the arrangement direction of the battery cells 3, and the size of the groove 101 matches the cross-sectional size of the battery cell 3, ensuring that the battery cells 3 can be stably embedded in the groove 101.

[0036] When installing cell 3, the operator only needs to align the side of cell 3 with the anti-foolproof part 301 with the corresponding position of the groove 101 to accurately insert cell 3 into the groove 101. The anti-foolproof part 301 and the groove 101 cooperate to fix cell 3 in position, effectively preventing cell 3 from being installed backwards. After cell 3 is inserted into the groove 101, its position is restricted. In addition, the cover 2 presses the edge of cell 3 firmly, preventing displacement due to vibration or shaking during battery use, further reducing the risk of accidental contact between the positive and negative terminals. Furthermore, the upper end face of cell 3 is provided with a positive terminal 302 and a negative terminal 303, and the positive terminal 302 and the negative terminal 303 are far apart from each other. The layout reduces the possibility of direct contact and short circuit between the two, providing a safe foundation for subsequent circuit connections.

[0037] To further enhance the error prevention effect and ensure the accuracy of battery cell 3 installation, the cross-section of the error prevention part 301 is designed as a triangular structure, and the triangular structure is recessed into the inside of the battery cell 3 to form a recessed error prevention structure; correspondingly, at the corresponding position on the inner wall of the groove 101 of the bottom shell 1, an error prevention protrusion 102 that perfectly matches the shape of the error prevention part 301 is integrally formed. The cross-section of the error prevention protrusion 102 is also triangular, and the size of the protrusion is adapted to the size of the recess of the error prevention part 301.

[0038] When installing the battery cell 3, the battery cell 3 can only be successfully inserted into the groove 101 when the anti-foolproof part 301 (triangular recess) of the battery cell 3 is completely aligned with the anti-foolproof protrusion 102 (triangular protrusion) of the groove 101. If the battery cell 3 is reversed, the positions of the anti-foolproof part 301 and the anti-foolproof protrusion 102 cannot match, and the battery cell 3 will not be able to be inserted into the groove 101. This completely avoids the situation of the battery cell 3 being installed backwards from a physical structure perspective, and further reduces the risk of short circuit caused by the reversal of the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell 3.

[0039] The cover 2, as a component that mates with the bottom shell 1, has an insulating sheet 4 fixedly installed at its bottom. The insulating sheet 4 is made of a material with good insulation properties, which can effectively block accidental current conduction. The extension direction of the insulating sheet 4 is consistent with the arrangement direction of the battery cells 3, and the extension length covers the area between the positive terminal 302 and the negative terminal 303 of all battery cells 3. That is, when the cover 2 and the bottom shell 1 are assembled, the insulating sheet 4 is exactly located between the positive terminal 302 and the negative terminal 303 of each battery cell 3, spatially isolating the positive terminal 302 and the negative terminal 303 of the battery cell 3, and avoiding short circuits caused by conductive impurities or component displacement between the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell 3.

[0040] On both sides of the insulating sheet 4, a positive electrode connecting piece 5 and a negative electrode connecting piece 6 are fixedly connected respectively. Both the positive electrode connecting piece 5 and the negative electrode connecting piece 6 are made of metal materials with excellent conductivity. They are respectively set to correspond to the positive terminal 302 and the negative terminal 303 of the battery cell 3, and are isolated by the insulating sheet 4 to prevent the positive electrode connecting piece 5 and the negative electrode connecting piece 6 from directly contacting and short-circuiting. Among them, the positive electrode connecting piece 5 facing the positive terminal 302 of the battery cell 3 is integrally formed or fixed by welding or other means with several positive electrode springs 501. The positive electrode springs 501 have a certain elastic deformation capability, and their number is consistent with the number of battery cells 3. Each positive electrode spring 501 is provided with a positive electrode connection part 502 at its end. The positive electrode connection part 502 is the key part that contacts the positive terminal 302 of the battery cell 3. Similarly, the negative electrode connecting piece 6 facing the negative terminal 303 of the battery cell 3 is also provided with several negative electrode springs 601 that are adapted to the number of battery cells 3. The negative electrode springs 601 are provided with a negative electrode connection part 602 at their ends for contacting the negative terminal 303 of the battery cell 3.

[0041] To improve the stability of the contact between the positive electrode connection 502 and the positive terminal 302, and between the negative electrode connection 602 and the negative terminal 303, and to reduce the problem of increased resistance or power failure caused by poor contact, a positive electrode contact portion 503 with a hemispherical structure is integrally formed on the side of the positive electrode connection 502 near the positive terminal 302; similarly, a negative electrode contact portion 603 with a hemispherical structure is also integrally formed on the side of the negative electrode connection 602 near the negative terminal 303.

[0042] The contact part of the hemispherical structure has an arc-shaped surface. When the adjustment knob 7 pushes the connection part closer to the extreme, the hemispherical contact part can form point contact or small area surface contact with the extreme. Compared with planar contact, the hemispherical structure can adapt to the slight unevenness of the extreme surface to a certain extent, ensuring the tightness of the contact. At the same time, the contact part of the hemispherical structure is not easy to wear during the contact process, which can extend the service life of the connection part and ensure the conductivity stability of the battery during long-term use.

[0043] To achieve flexible control over the on / off state of the battery cell 3, several adjustment knobs 7 are installed on the top of the cover 2. The number of adjustment knobs 7 is the same as the total number of positive connection parts 502 and negative connection parts 602, and each adjustment knob 7 corresponds to the upper position of one positive connection part 502 or one negative connection part 602. The adjustment knobs 7 can be rotated up and down relative to the cover 2, and during the rotation, pressure can be applied to the corresponding positive connection part 502 or negative connection part 602 below.

[0044] To achieve stable rotation of the adjustment knob 7, several rotating holes 201 for mounting the adjustment knob 7 are provided on the cover 2. The number of rotating holes 201 is the same as the number of adjustment knobs 7, and the inner wall of each rotating hole 201 is machined with an internal thread. Correspondingly, the outer wall of the adjustment knob 7 is machined with an external thread that matches the internal thread of the rotating hole 201. The adjustment knob 7 achieves rotational engagement with the rotating hole 201 through the cooperation of the internal and external threads. By rotating the adjustment knob 7, the operator can realize the up and down movement of the adjustment knob 7 by utilizing the principle of thread transmission.

[0045] Furthermore, an insulating block 10 is fixedly installed at the end of the adjustment knob 7 (i.e., the end facing the connecting part). The insulating block 10 is made of insulating material, and its size is adapted to the size of the end of the adjustment knob 7. The lower end face of the insulating block 10 corresponds to the upper end face of the connecting part. When the adjustment knob 7 is rotated downwards, the connecting part is moved by the insulating block 10. The insulating block 10 can effectively block the current conduction between the adjustment knob 7 and the connecting part, avoiding the risk of short circuit or electric shock to the operator caused by accidental conduction of the adjustment knob 7. At the same time, it can also prevent wear caused by direct contact between the adjustment knob 7 and the connecting part.

[0046] When a battery cell 3 needs to be connected to the circuit, the operator only needs to rotate the corresponding positive and negative adjustment knobs 7 downwards. Rotating the positive adjustment knob 7 downwards pushes the lower positive connection part 502, causing it to overcome the elastic force of the positive spring 501 and move closer to the positive terminal 302 of the battery cell 3 until they are in close contact. Similarly, rotating the negative adjustment knob 7 downwards pushes the negative connection part 602 into contact with the negative terminal 303 of the battery cell 3. At this point, the battery cell 3 is connected to the circuit through the positive connection piece 5 and the negative connection piece 6. To disconnect a battery cell 3, simply rotate the corresponding adjustment knob 7 upwards. The pressure of the adjustment knob 7 on the connection part disappears, and the positive and negative springs 501 and 601, under their own elasticity, cause the connection part to reset, separating it from the battery cell 3's terminals, thus disconnecting the battery cell 3. This method of controlling the contact between the connector and the extreme points by adjusting the knob 7 avoids the risk of short circuits caused by manual operation of the connector, and also facilitates the inspection or replacement of individual cells 3.

[0047] The top of the cover 2 is also fixedly equipped with a positive terminal post 8 and a negative terminal post 9, both made of conductive material, and electrically connected to the positive terminal connecting piece 5 and the negative terminal connecting piece 6, respectively, serving as the interface for the battery to output electrical energy. External circuits can be connected to the positive terminal post 8 and the negative terminal post 9 via wires or connectors to obtain the electrical energy stored in the battery. The positive terminal post 8 and the negative terminal post 9 are positioned far apart on the cover 2, and insulating protective sleeves can be installed on their outer sides to further prevent accidental short circuits caused by external conductive components.

[0048] To ensure the firmness and conductivity of the connection between the positive terminal post 8 and the positive terminal connecting piece 5, and between the negative terminal post 9 and the negative terminal connecting piece 6, one end of the positive terminal post 8 is fixedly connected to the positive terminal connecting piece 5 by welding. The welding part must be free of incomplete or false welding to ensure that the current can stably pass through the connection between the terminal post and the connecting piece. Similarly, one end of the negative terminal post 9 is also fixedly connected to the negative terminal connecting piece 6 by welding.

[0049] Welding can effectively prevent loosening between the terminal and the connecting piece, reducing the risk of increased contact resistance or power failure caused by loose connection. At the same time, the welded part has good sealing properties, which can prevent external moisture or impurities from entering the connection part and affecting the conductivity, thus further ensuring the overall stability and safety of the battery.

[0050] In actual operation, this short-circuit protection energy storage battery structure first completes the initial assembly through the foolproof cooperation between the bottom shell 1 and the battery cell 3: the operator inserts the battery cell 3 into the preset groove 101 of the bottom shell 1 through the foolproof part 301, ensuring that the positive terminal 302 and the negative terminal 303 of the battery cell 3 are facing the same direction and are in a fixed position, avoiding the risk of initial short circuit caused by the battery cell 3 being installed backwards. After assembly, the cover 2 and the bottom shell 1 are closed. At this time, the insulating sheet 4 at the bottom of the cover 2 extends precisely between the positive terminal 302 and the negative terminal 303 of each battery cell 3, achieving physical isolation of the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell 3 in space, blocking the short circuit path caused by direct contact between the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell 3 or the presence of conductive impurities.

[0051] When external power is needed, the operator activates the circuit by rotating the adjustment knob 7 on the top of the cover 2: For one or more target cells 3, rotating the corresponding positive and negative adjustment knobs 7 downwards causes the knobs 7 to move downwards via a threaded drive, applying pressure to the lower positive connection 502 and negative connection 602. Under pressure, the positive connection 502 overcomes the elastic force of the positive contact 501 and makes tight contact with the positive terminal 302 of the cell 3. Simultaneously, the negative connection 602 makes tight contact with the negative terminal 303 of the cell 3. At this time, the cell 3 forms a conductive circuit through the positive connection piece 5 and the negative connection piece 6. Multiple cells 3 can be independently controlled by their respective adjustment knobs 7, and finally, electrical energy is output to the outside through the positive terminal 8 electrically connected to the positive connection piece 5 and the negative terminal 9 electrically connected to the negative connection piece 6.

[0052] When power supply needs to be stopped or a single battery cell 3 needs maintenance, turn the corresponding adjustment knob 7 upwards. The pressure of the adjustment knob 7 on the connection part disappears, and the positive electrode spring 501 and negative electrode spring 601, under their own elasticity, drive the connection part to reset, separating the connection part from the extreme points of the battery cell 3. The corresponding battery cell 3 is then removed from the circuit, avoiding the risk of electric shock during maintenance and not affecting the normal operation of other battery cells 3. Throughout the entire operation, the insulating sheet 4 always isolates the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell 3 from the positive and negative electrode connecting pieces 6. The foolproof structure continuously ensures the stable position of the battery cell 3, jointly achieving the dual functions of short-circuit protection and stable power supply.

[0053] Compared with traditional technologies, the energy storage battery structure provided by this technical solution significantly improves safety through multiple short-circuit protection designs. Specifically: First, the battery cell 3, through the anti-misfit part 301, cooperates with the groove 101 of the bottom shell 1, preventing short circuits caused by reversed positive and negative terminals due to incorrect assembly of the battery cell 3 from the assembly source, thus solving the short-circuit hazard caused by manual assembly errors in traditional batteries; Second, the insulating sheet 4 at the bottom of the cover 2 extends directly between the positive terminal 302 and the negative terminal 303 of each battery cell 3, forming a physical isolation barrier, effectively blocking accidental conductive paths between the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell 3 itself and between the positive and negative terminal connecting pieces 6, preventing short circuits even if there is slight component displacement or impurity intrusion inside the battery; Finally, the contact between the connecting part and the terminals of the battery cell 3 is controlled by adjusting the knob 7, replacing the traditional manual plugging or welding connection, reducing the risk of short circuits caused by accidental contact with the positive and negative terminals during operation. These three layers of protection jointly ensure the safety of battery use.

[0054] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A short-circuit resistant energy storage battery structure, comprising a bottom shell and a cover, characterized in that: The bottom shell has several parallel-arranged battery cells inside. Each battery cell has a foolproof part on one side and is embedded and fixed in a pre-set groove in the bottom shell through the foolproof part. The upper end face of the battery cell has positive and negative terminals that are far apart from each other. The bottom of the cover is provided with a fixed insulating sheet, which extends between the positive and negative terminals of each battery cell. Positive electrode connecting pieces and negative electrode connecting pieces are respectively connected to both sides of the insulating sheet. A number of positive electrode springs extending towards the positive terminal are provided on one side of the positive electrode connecting piece, and a positive electrode connection part is provided at the end of the positive electrode spring. A number of negative electrode springs extending towards the negative terminal are provided on one side of the negative electrode connecting piece, and a negative electrode connection part is provided at the end of the negative electrode spring. The top of the cover is equipped with several adjustable knobs that can be rotated up and down, and the adjustable knobs are respectively located above each positive terminal connection and negative terminal connection. When the adjustable knob is rotated down, the positive terminal connection is simultaneously brought into contact with the positive end, or the negative terminal connection is brought into contact with the negative end. The top of the cover is also provided with a positive terminal post electrically connected to the positive terminal connecting piece and a negative terminal post electrically connected to the negative terminal connecting piece.

2. The short-circuit resistant energy storage battery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the anti-mistake part is triangular and recessed into the inside of the battery cell. The inner wall of the groove is provided with anti-mistake protrusions that match the shape of the anti-mistake part.

3. The short-circuit resistant energy storage battery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode connection part has a positive electrode contact part with a hemispherical structure on the side near the positive end, and the negative electrode connection part has a negative electrode contact part with a hemispherical structure on the side near the negative end.

4. The short-circuit resistant energy storage battery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover has several holes for installing adjustment knobs. The adjustment knobs and the holes are rotated together by matching threaded bodies. An insulating block is provided at the end of the adjustment knob.

5. A short-circuit resistant energy storage battery structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: One end of the positive electrode terminal is welded and fixed to the positive electrode connecting piece, and one end of the negative electrode terminal is welded and fixed to the negative electrode connecting piece.

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