A multi-layer buffer battery structure for short circuit protection

Abstract

This utility model discloses a multi-layer buffer battery structure for short-circuit protection, relating to the field of battery safety protection technology. It includes a cell unit and an isolation assembly. The cell unit comprises a single cell, a positive tab, a negative tab, and an insulating protective sleeve. The positive and negative tabs are covered by the insulating protective sleeve. A buffer assembly is disposed on the outer side of the cell unit, and a middle buffer layer is disposed between adjacent single cells. This multi-layer buffer battery structure for short-circuit protection forms a physical isolation barrier by wrapping the positive and negative tabs with the insulating protective sleeve, blocking more than 90% of the risk of short circuits due to tab contact. The middle buffer layer fills the gaps between six sets of single cells, absorbing the compressive stress between cells. The inner buffer layer covers the upper and lower surfaces of the single cell, buffering vertical impacts. The outer buffer layer wraps the cell unit, resisting external collisions. The synergistic effect of these three layers enhances impact resistance, ensuring that the cell does not deform or break under severe impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery safety protection technology, specifically a multi-layer buffer battery structure for short circuit protection. Background Technology

[0002] With the miniaturization of electronic devices, the popularization of new energy vehicles, and the expansion of the energy storage industry, the application scenarios of batteries are becoming increasingly diverse, ranging from everyday portable devices to complex industrial environments. In these diverse scenarios, batteries need to cope with complex operating conditions such as vibration, shock, and temperature fluctuations, making their structural stability and safety increasingly important. Currently, improving battery reliability in dynamic environments has become a focus of the industry, especially how to strengthen structural protection capabilities while ensuring energy density, and meet the high requirements of different devices for battery safety and durability.

[0003] Although current batteries have simple protection, they are weak in impact resistance. When subjected to external collisions or pressure, the battery cells are prone to deformation and rupture, which can lead to short circuits caused by contact between the positive and negative electrodes, or even fire and explosion.

[0004] Therefore, in view of this, we studied and improved the existing structure and its shortcomings, and proposed a multi-layer buffer battery structure to prevent short circuits. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-layer buffer battery structure that prevents short circuits, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a multi-layer buffer battery structure for short-circuit protection, comprising a cell unit and an isolation assembly. The cell unit includes a single cell, a positive tab, a negative tab, and an insulating protective sleeve. The single cell is provided with a positive tab and a negative tab, and the positive tab and the negative tab are covered by an insulating protective sleeve. A buffer assembly is provided on the outside of the cell unit, and the buffer assembly includes an outer buffer layer, a middle buffer layer, and an inner buffer layer. A middle buffer layer is provided between adjacent single cells, and an inner buffer layer is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the single cell. The isolation assembly is located outside the buffer assembly and includes an insulating isolation plate, a tab isolation frame, a flame-retardant partition, an isolation hole, and a silicone sealing ring. The tab end of the cell unit is provided with a tab isolation frame, and the surface of the tab isolation frame is provided with an isolation hole. A silicone sealing ring is provided in the isolation hole. A flame-retardant partition is provided between the outer buffer layer and the insulating isolation plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the single battery cell is provided in six groups, and the capacity of the single battery cell is 1000-5000mAh.

[0008] Furthermore, the thickness of the insulating protective sleeve is 0.3-0.5mm, and the number of insulating protective sleeves and silicone sealing rings is the same.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the isolation hole is larger than the diameter of the positive and negative tabs, and the insulating protective sleeve and the isolation hole are coaxially arranged.

[0010] Furthermore, the isolation component is enclosed by an inner shell, and the inner shell is surrounded by an outer shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the insulating isolation plate is 1-1.5mm, and the insulating isolation plate is disposed between the battery cell unit and the inner shell.

[0012] This utility model provides a multi-layer buffer battery structure for short circuit prevention, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The insulating isolation plate of this utility model is set between the battery cell unit and the inner shell to form a physical insulation barrier, which can completely block the conductive path between the battery cell and the shell and avoid the risk of the shell being electrified. The flame-retardant partition between the outer buffer layer and the insulating isolation plate can delay the heat transfer and flame spread during short circuits and improve safety in extreme situations. The isolation holes of the electrode isolation frame cooperate with the silicone sealing ring and form double electrode protection with the insulating protective sleeve, which reduces the electrode short circuit rate by more than 95% compared with the traditional structure.

[0014] 2. The insulating protective sleeve of this utility model wraps around the positive and negative tabs to form a physical isolation barrier, which can block more than 90% of the risk of short circuit due to contact between the tabs. The middle buffer layer fills the gaps between the six individual cells and can absorb the compressive stress between the cells. The inner buffer layer covers the upper and lower surfaces of the individual cells and can buffer vertical impacts. The outer buffer layer wraps the cell unit and resists external collisions. The three layers work together to improve the impact resistance and ensure that the cells do not deform or break under severe impacts. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a top view cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the multi-layer buffer battery structure for short circuit prevention according to this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cell unit structure of a multi-layer buffer battery structure for short circuit prevention according to this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the inner buffer layer and the tab isolation frame of a multi-layer buffer battery structure for short circuit prevention according to this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Battery cell unit; 101. Single battery cell; 102. Positive tab; 103. Negative tab; 104. Insulating protective sleeve; 2. Buffer assembly; 201. Outer buffer layer; 202. Middle buffer layer; 203. Inner buffer layer; 3. Isolation assembly; 301. Insulating isolation plate; 302. Tab isolation frame; 303. Flame-retardant partition; 304. Isolation hole; 305. Silicone sealing ring; 4. Inner shell; 5. Outer shell. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a multi-layer buffer battery structure for short circuit protection includes a cell unit 1 and an isolation component 3. The isolation component 3 is disposed outside the buffer component 2, and the isolation component 3 includes an insulating isolation plate 301, a tab isolation frame 302, a flame-retardant separator 303, an isolation hole 304, and a silicone sealing ring 305. The tab end of the cell unit 1 is provided with a tab isolation frame 302, and the surface of the tab isolation frame 302 is provided with an isolation hole 304, and a silicone seal is provided in the isolation hole 304. A flame-retardant partition 303 is provided between the outer buffer layer 201 and the insulating partition 301 in ring 305. The diameter of the isolation hole 304 is larger than the diameter of the positive electrode tab 102 and the negative electrode tab 103. The insulating protective sleeve 104 and the isolation hole 304 are coaxially arranged. The outer shell 4 is wrapped around the outer shell of the isolation component 3. The outer shell 5 is provided around the outer shell of the inner shell 4. The thickness of the insulating partition 301 is 1-1.5mm. The insulating partition 301 is disposed between the cell unit 1 and the inner shell 4.

[0021] The specific operation is as follows: the insulating isolation plate 301 is set between the battery cell unit 1 and the inner shell 4 to form a physical insulation barrier, which can completely block the conductive path between the battery cell and the shell and avoid the risk of the shell being charged. The flame-retardant partition 303 between the outer buffer layer 201 and the insulating isolation plate 301 can delay the heat transfer and flame spread during short circuits and improve safety in extreme situations. The isolation hole 304 of the electrode isolation frame 302 cooperates with the silicone sealing ring 305 and, together with the insulating protective sleeve 104, forms double electrode protection, which reduces the electrode short circuit rate by more than 95% compared with the traditional structure.

[0022] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the battery cell unit 1 includes a single battery cell 101, a positive electrode tab 102, a negative electrode tab 103, and an insulating protective sleeve 104. The single battery cell 101 is provided with a positive electrode tab 102 and a negative electrode tab 103. The positive electrode tab 102 and the negative electrode tab 103 are covered with an insulating protective sleeve 104. There are six sets of single battery cells 101, and the capacity of the single battery cell 101 is 1000-5000mAh. A buffer assembly 2 is provided on the outside of the battery cell unit 1. The buffer assembly 2 includes an outer buffer layer 201, a middle buffer layer 202, and an inner buffer layer 203. A middle buffer layer 202 is provided between adjacent single battery cells 101, and an inner buffer layer 203 is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the single battery cell 101. The thickness of the insulating protective sleeve 104 is 0.3-0.5mm, and the number of insulating protective sleeves 104 and silicone sealing rings 305 is the same.

[0023] The specific operation is as follows: the insulating protective sleeve 104 wraps around the positive electrode tab 102 and the negative electrode tab 103 to form a physical isolation barrier, which can block more than 90% of the risk of short circuit due to contact between the electrodes. The middle buffer layer 202 fills the gap between the six groups of individual cells 101 and can absorb the compressive stress between the cells. The inner buffer layer 203 covers the upper and lower surfaces of the individual cells 101 and can buffer vertical impacts. The outer buffer layer 201 wraps around the cell unit 1 to resist external collisions. The impact resistance is improved under the synergistic effect of the three layers, ensuring that the cells are not deformed or broken under severe impacts.

[0024] In summary, this multi-layer buffer battery structure for short circuit protection, when in use, firstly, the cell unit 1 is composed of six groups of square lithium-ion individual cells 101 connected in series or in parallel. The positive tab 102 and negative tab 103 of the individual cell 101 are both covered with a heat-resistant silicone insulating protective sleeve 104, which can directly prevent contact between the tabs. Together with the isolation hole 304 of the tab isolation frame 302 and the silicone sealing ring 305, a double tab insulation protection is formed, which can effectively block short circuits caused by tab contact and significantly reduce the short circuit failure rate.

[0025] A middle buffer layer 202 (using an elastic insulating rubber pad with a thickness of 1-2mm) is provided between adjacent individual cells 101 to absorb the vibration energy between individual cells 101. The inner buffer layer 203 (using a corrugated polyimide film with a thickness of 0.5-1mm) on the upper and lower surfaces of the individual cell 101 can buffer local impacts through its own deformation. The outer buffer layer 201 (using flame-retardant foamed silicone with a thickness of 2-4mm) wrapped around the outermost part of the cell unit 1 can absorb the external collision energy as a whole. Through the synergy of the three-level buffer structure, the impact resistance is greatly improved compared with the traditional method, and it can withstand a 1.5m drop impact without cell deformation and breakage.

[0026] In the isolation component 3, the flame-retardant partition 303 made of fiberglass cloth and flame-retardant resin blocks the spread of short-circuit flames, and the insulating partition 301 made of epoxy resin (with a high-voltage resistant coating on the surface) isolates the battery cell from the inner shell 4, preventing the battery cell from conducting with the metal shell. The inner shell 4 is made of aluminum alloy, and the outer shell 5 is made of ABS flame-retardant plastic. A buffer gap of 0.5-1mm is left between the two to further buffer external impacts and ensure protective performance.

[0027] The embodiments of this utility model are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of this utility model, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand this utility model and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A multi-layer buffer battery structure for short-circuit protection, comprising a cell unit (1) and an isolation component (3), characterized in that, The battery cell unit (1) includes a single battery cell (101), a positive electrode tab (102), a negative electrode tab (103), and an insulating protective sleeve (104). The single battery cell (101) is provided with a positive electrode tab (102) and a negative electrode tab (103). An insulating protective sleeve (104) is fitted over the positive electrode tab (102) and the negative electrode tab (103). A buffer assembly (2) is provided on the outer side of the battery cell unit (1). The buffer assembly (2) includes an outer buffer layer (201), a middle buffer layer (202), and an inner buffer layer (203). A middle buffer layer (202) is provided between adjacent single battery cells (101). The upper and lower surfaces of the 1) are provided with an inner buffer layer (203). The isolation component (3) is disposed outside the buffer component (2). The isolation component (3) includes an insulating isolation plate (301), a tab isolation frame (302), a flame-retardant partition (303), an isolation hole (304), and a silicone sealing ring (305). The tab end of the battery cell (1) is provided with a tab isolation frame (302). An isolation hole (304) is opened on the surface of the tab isolation frame (302). A silicone sealing ring (305) is disposed in the isolation hole (304). A flame-retardant partition (303) is disposed between the outer buffer layer (201) and the insulating isolation plate (301).

2. The multi-layer buffer battery structure for short-circuit protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single battery cell (101) is provided in six groups, and the capacity of the single battery cell (101) is 1000-5000mAh.

3. The multi-layer buffer battery structure for short-circuit protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the insulating protective sleeve (104) is 0.3-0.5mm, and the number of insulating protective sleeves (104) and silicone sealing rings (305) is the same.

4. The multi-layer buffer battery structure for short-circuit protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the isolation hole (304) is larger than the diameter of the positive electrode tab (102) and the negative electrode tab (103), and the insulating protective sleeve (104) and the isolation hole (304) are coaxially arranged.

5. The multi-layer buffer battery structure for short-circuit protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation component (3) is wrapped with an inner shell (4), and the inner shell (4) is provided with an outer shell (5).

6. The multi-layer buffer battery structure for short-circuit protection according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the insulating isolation plate (301) is 1-1.5mm, and the insulating isolation plate (301) is disposed between the battery cell unit (1) and the inner shell (4).

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