A five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability

Abstract

This invention provides a five-layered CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, belonging to the field of medical laser equipment. It solves the problems of slow response speed, poor thermal stability, and low gas management efficiency of existing CO2 medical laser tubes. The design includes an outer gas return tube inserted into a gas storage tube, forming a first annular connection between the left ends of the storage tube and the outer gas return tube; an inner gas return tube inserted into the outer gas return tube, forming a second annular connection between the left ends of the outer gas return tube and the inner gas return tube, and a third annular connection between the right ends of the outer gas return tube and the inner gas return tube; a water-cooling tube inserted into the inner gas return tube, forming a fourth annular connection between the right ends of the inner gas return tube and the water-cooling tube, and a fifth annular connection between the left ends of the inner gas return tube and the water-cooling tube; a discharge tube inserted into the water-cooling tube, with the fifth annular connection connecting to the left end of the discharge tube; and an auxiliary electrode spirally wound around the outer circumference of the discharge tube. This design reduces gas consumption and improves response speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical laser equipment technology, and in particular relates to a five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability. Background Technology

[0002] A CO2 medical laser tube is a laser device based on carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules. It uses a high-energy beam to act on biological tissues and is widely used in the medical field for treatments such as cutting, vaporization, and coagulation.

[0003] However, existing CO2 medical laser tubes have the following drawbacks: Slow response speed: The response time is usually ≥1ms, which is difficult to support the high-frequency pulses (>500Hz) required for precision surgery.

[0004] Rapid gas consumption, poor thermal stability and low gas management efficiency: Traditional return gas pipe structures are prone to local turbulence, which exacerbates ineffective gas dissipation and results in poor thermal stability and low gas management efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the problems of slow response speed, poor thermal stability and low gas management efficiency of existing CO2 medical laser tubes, this utility model proposes a five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, comprising: Gas storage pipe, with an air inlet at the right end; An external return pipe is inserted through the gas storage pipe, and a first annular connection is formed between the left end of the gas storage pipe and the external return pipe. An inner return air pipe is inserted through an outer return air pipe. A second annular connection is formed between the left end of the outer return air pipe and the inner return air pipe, and a third annular connection is formed between the right end of the outer return air pipe and the inner return air pipe. The water-cooled pipe passes through the inner return pipe. The right end of the inner return pipe and the water-cooled pipe form a fourth annular connection, and the left end of the inner return pipe and the water-cooled pipe form a fifth annular connection. The discharge tube passes through the water-cooling tube, and the fifth annular connecting port is connected to the left end of the discharge tube. The gas storage tube, the external return gas tube, the internal return gas tube, the water-cooling tube, and the discharge tube are all coaxially arranged. An auxiliary electrode, a cathode electrode, and an anode electrode are provided. The cathode electrode and the anode electrode are located on the left and right sides of the discharge tube, respectively, and the auxiliary electrode is spirally wound around the outer circumference of the discharge tube. The output mirror assembly and the total reflection mirror assembly are located on the left and right sides of the discharge tube, respectively.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, the right end of the external return gas tube is fixedly connected to a first extension tube body, which is connected to the right end of the water-cooling tube. The first extension tube body is fixedly provided with a water inlet pipe, which extends out of the gas storage tube. The left end of the gas storage tube is fixedly connected to a second extension tube body, and the left end of the fifth annular connecting port and the discharge tube are both connected to the second extension tube body. The left end of the water-cooling tube is fixedly provided with a water outlet pipe, which extends out of the second extension tube body.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, the left end of the inner return gas tube is sintered and fixed to the second extension tube; a sintering support point is provided between the right end of the inner return gas tube and the outer return gas tube.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, the total reflection mirror assembly includes a total reflection mirror and a first lens angle fine-tuning structure, which is used to adjust the angle of the total reflection mirror.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, the output mirror assembly includes an output mirror, a metal shell, and a second lens angle fine-tuning structure. The output mirror and the second lens angle fine-tuning structure are disposed inside the metal shell, and the second lens angle fine-tuning structure is used to adjust the angle of the output mirror.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, the five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability further includes a heat sink cap with internal threads, a metal shell with a connecting post with external threads, and the internal threads and external threads being screwed together.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, the heat dissipation cap is provided with multiple heat dissipation fins. As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, the left end of the gas storage tube is provided with a first guide section, which is used to guide the gas from the first annular connecting port to the second annular connecting port.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, the right end of the external return gas tube is provided with a second guide section, which is used to guide the gas from the third annular connecting port to the fourth annular connecting port. As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, the gas storage tube, external return gas tube, internal return gas tube, water cooling tube, and discharge tube are all made of glass.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of the five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability provided by this utility model are: This invention provides a five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability. In this tube, the inner return gas pipe guides the low-temperature gas from the edge of the discharge area back to the cathode region, balancing the gas pressure distribution. The outer and inner return gas pipes form a coaxial reflux, further optimizing the gas flow path, reducing turbulence, and extending gas lifetime. With the gas storage pipe, outer return gas pipe, inner return gas pipe, water-cooling pipe, and discharge tube coaxially arranged, annular connecting ports are formed between the gas storage pipe and the outer return gas pipe, between the outer and inner return gas pipes, and between the inner return gas pipe and the water-cooling pipe. These annular connecting ports enable low-resistance, high-speed gas flow. Because the cross-sectional area of ​​the annular connecting port is much larger than that of a micropore or ordinary circular hole, gas exchange through the annular connecting port reduces gas reflux resistance, avoids sudden drops in local gas pressure, and ensures uniform gas diffusion along the circumference, preventing regional pressure imbalances caused by blockage of traditional return gas pipe orifices, thus exhibiting a self-balancing effect. In addition, compared to traditional independent return pipes which are prone to causing asymmetrical airflow, the coaxial design of two-layer return pipes can achieve uniform return flow, reduce gas consumption rate, and improve gas management efficiency.

[0015] The circulating cooling water inside the water-cooled tube directly wraps around the discharge tube, which can quickly dissipate the heat generated by gas discharge (the thermal efficiency of CO2 lasers is usually <20%), maintain temperature stability, and improve thermal stability.

[0016] The auxiliary electrode is made of high-purity nickel wire (purity ≥99.5%) tightly wound in a precise spiral around the outer wall of the discharge tube, with the pitch constantly controlled within the range of 10~15mm, forming a distributed pre-ionization enhancement structure. This auxiliary electrode works in conjunction with the cathode and anode electrodes, preferentially establishing a weak ionization channel when the laser tube receives a driving signal, significantly reducing the gas breakdown voltage threshold, enabling the laser tube to achieve microsecond-level fast response and greatly increasing the pulse operating frequency (supporting repetition frequencies above kHz). Compared to traditional laser tubes without auxiliary electrodes, it can shorten the start-up time by more than 60% and effectively improve discharge uniformity, increasing the stability of laser output power by ≥20%. This represents a breakthrough in microsecond-level fast response (≤200μs) and kHz-level high-frequency pulse output performance, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of medical laser equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation of the utility model. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability provided in a specific embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of gas flow in a five-layered CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, provided by a specific embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] In the picture: 1. Discharge tube; 2. Water-cooled tube; 3. Inner return gas tube; 4. Outer return gas tube; 5. Gas storage tube; 6. Auxiliary electrode; 7. Cathode electrode; 8. Anode electrode; 9. Gas inlet; 10. Output mirror assembly; 11. Total reflection mirror assembly; 12. Water inlet pipe; 13. Water outlet pipe; 14. Heat sink cap; 15. First extension tube body; 16. Second extension tube body; 17. Second guide section; 18. First guide section. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0022] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0023] See Figure 1-2 This invention provides a five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability. The five-layer CO2 medical laser tube includes a gas storage tube 5, an external return gas tube 4, an internal return gas tube 3, a water-cooling tube 2, a discharge tube 1, an auxiliary electrode 6, a cathode electrode 7, an anode electrode 8, an output mirror assembly 10, and a total reflection mirror assembly 11. The right end of the gas storage tube 5 has an inflation port 9. The external return gas tube 4 passes through the gas storage tube 5, forming a first annular connection between the left ends of the gas storage tube 5 and the external return gas tube 4. The internal return gas tube 3 passes through the external return gas tube 4, forming a second annular connection between the left end of the external return gas tube 4 and the internal return gas tube 3. A third annular connection is formed between the right end of the trachea 4 and the inner return trachea 3; the water-cooling pipe 2 passes through the inner return trachea 3, and a fourth annular connection is formed between the right end of the inner return trachea 3 and the water-cooling pipe 2, and a fifth annular connection is formed between the left end of the inner return trachea 3 and the water-cooling pipe 2; the discharge pipe 1 passes through the water-cooling pipe 2, and the fifth annular connection is connected to the left end of the discharge pipe 1; the gas storage pipe 5, the outer return trachea 4, the inner return trachea 3, the water-cooling pipe 2, and the discharge pipe 1 are all coaxially arranged; the cathode electrode 7 and the anode electrode 8 are located on the left and right sides of the discharge pipe 1, respectively, and the auxiliary electrode 6 is spirally wound around the outer circumference of the discharge pipe 1; the output mirror assembly 10 and the total reflection mirror assembly 11 are located on the left and right sides of the discharge pipe 1, respectively.

[0024] In this five-layered CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, gas enters the gas storage tube 5 through the gas filling port 9. The gas in the gas storage tube 5 flows from right to left, then enters the outer return gas tube 4 through the first and second annular connecting ports. The gas in the outer return gas tube 4 flows from left to right, then enters the inner return gas tube 3 through the third and fourth annular connecting ports. The gas in the inner return gas tube 3 flows from right to left, and enters the discharge tube 1 through the fifth annular connecting port. The discharge tube 1 serves as the laser gain medium cavity, filled with a mixture of CO2, N2, and He gas. High-voltage discharge excites population inversion, generating a 10.6μm wavelength laser. The inner return gas tube 3 guides the low-temperature gas at the edge of the discharge region back to the cathode region, balancing the gas pressure distribution. The outer return gas tube 4 and the inner return gas tube 3 form a "coaxial reflux," further optimizing the gas flow path, reducing turbulence, and extending gas lifetime. With the gas storage pipe 5, external return gas pipe 4, internal return gas pipe 3, water-cooling pipe 2, and discharge pipe 1 coaxially arranged, annular connecting ports are formed between the gas storage pipe 5 and the external return gas pipe 4, between the external return gas pipe 4 and the internal return gas pipe 3, and between the internal return gas pipe 3 and the water-cooling pipe 2. These annular connecting ports enable low-resistance, high-speed gas flow. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the annular connecting port is much larger than that of a micropore or ordinary circular hole, gas exchange through the annular connecting port reduces gas backflow resistance, avoids sudden drops in local pressure, and ensures uniform gas diffusion along the circumference, preventing regional pressure imbalances caused by blockage of small orifices in traditional return gas pipes, thus exhibiting a self-balancing effect. Furthermore, compared to traditional independent return gas pipes which are prone to airflow asymmetry, the coaxial design of two layers of return gas pipes achieves uniform backflow, reduces gas consumption, and improves gas management efficiency.

[0025] The circulating cooling water inside the water-cooled tube 2 directly wraps around the discharge tube 1, which can quickly dissipate the heat generated by the gas discharge (the thermal efficiency of CO2 lasers is usually <20%), maintain temperature stability, and improve thermal stability.

[0026] The auxiliary electrode 6 is made of high-purity nickel wire (purity ≥99.5%) tightly wound in a precise spiral around the outer wall of the discharge tube 1, with the pitch constantly controlled within the range of 10~15mm, forming a distributed pre-ionization enhancement structure. This auxiliary electrode 6 works in conjunction with the cathode electrode 7 and the anode electrode 8. When the laser tube receives a driving signal, it preferentially establishes a weak ionization channel, significantly reducing the gas breakdown voltage threshold, enabling the laser tube to achieve microsecond-level fast response and greatly increasing the pulse operating frequency (supporting repetition frequencies above kHz). Compared to traditional laser tubes without auxiliary electrode 6, it can shorten the start-up time by more than 60% and effectively improve discharge uniformity, increasing the stability of laser output power by ≥20%. This achieves a breakthrough in microsecond-level fast response (≤200μs) and kHz-level high-frequency pulse output performance, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of medical laser equipment.

[0027] This five-layer CO2 medical laser tube, characterized by rapid response and high stability, is suitable for medical applications such as laser surgery and skin treatment. It has an output wavelength of 10.6μm and features both high-frequency pulse and continuous wave operating modes.

[0028] Optionally, the right end of the external return air pipe 4 is fixedly connected to a first extension pipe body 15, which is connected to the right end of the water cooling pipe 2. The first extension pipe body 15 is fixedly provided with a water inlet pipe 12, which passes through the gas storage pipe 5. The left end of the gas storage pipe 5 is fixedly connected to a second extension pipe body 16, and the left end of the fifth annular connecting port and the discharge pipe 1 are both connected to the second extension pipe body 16. The left end of the water cooling pipe 2 is fixedly provided with a water outlet pipe 13, which passes through the second extension pipe body 16.

[0029] The coolant enters the first extension pipe 15 from the inlet pipe 12, then enters the water cooling pipe 2 from the first extension pipe 15, and finally flows out from the outlet pipe 13.

[0030] The coolant used inside the water-cooled tube 2 is a mixture of propylene glycol and distilled water in a certain proportion. The auxiliary electrode 6 can work normally in this coolant.

[0031] Optionally, the left end of the inner return pipe 3 is sintered and fixed to the second extension pipe; a sintering support point is provided between the right end of the inner return pipe 3 and the outer return pipe 4.

[0032] The left end of the inner return pipe 3 is supported by sintering and fixing it with the second extension pipe, and the right end of the inner return pipe 3 is supported by the sintering fulcrum between it and the outer return pipe 4.

[0033] Optionally, the total reflection mirror assembly 11 includes a total reflection mirror and a first lens angle fine-tuning structure. The first lens angle fine-tuning structure is used to adjust the angle of the total reflection mirror. The first lens angle fine-tuning structure includes a first support plate and a plurality of first set screws. The plurality of first set screws are all screwed to the first support plate and are evenly distributed circumferentially, abutting against the rear of the total reflection mirror. The angle of the total reflection mirror can be changed by adjusting the tightness of the first set screws.

[0034] Optionally, the output mirror assembly 10 includes an output mirror, a metal housing, and a second lens angle fine-tuning structure. The output mirror and the second lens angle fine-tuning structure are disposed within the metal housing. The second lens angle fine-tuning structure is used to adjust the angle of the output mirror. The second lens angle fine-tuning structure includes a second support plate and multiple second set screws. The multiple second set screws are all screwed to the second support plate and are evenly distributed circumferentially, abutting against the rear of the output mirror. The angle of the output mirror can be changed by adjusting the tightness of the second set screws.

[0035] Optionally, the five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability further includes a heat dissipation cap 14. The heat dissipation cap 14 has internal threads, and the metal shell has a connecting post with external threads. The internal threads and external threads are screwed together. The heat from the output mirror is transferred to the heat dissipation cap 14 through the metal shell, and the heat dissipation cap 14 is used for heat dissipation. Optionally, the heat sink 14 is provided with multiple heat sinks. Providing multiple heat sinks increases the contact area between the heat sink 14 and the air, resulting in better heat dissipation.

[0036] Optionally, the left end of the gas storage pipe 5 is provided with a first guide section 18, which is used to guide the gas from the first annular connecting port to the second annular connecting port.

[0037] Optionally, the right end of the external return gas pipe 4 is provided with a second guide section 17, which is used to guide the gas from the third annular connecting port to the fourth annular connecting port. Optionally, the gas storage pipe 5, the external return gas pipe 4, the internal return gas pipe 3, the water cooling pipe 2, and the discharge pipe 1 are all made of glass.

[0038] Obviously, the above-disclosed embodiments of the present invention are merely for illustrating the present invention. The embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to only the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all embodiments here.

Claims

1. A five-layered CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability, characterized in that, include: Gas storage pipe (5), with an air inlet (9) at the right end of the gas storage pipe (5); An external return pipe (4) is inserted through the gas storage pipe (5), and a first annular connection is formed between the left end of the gas storage pipe (5) and the external return pipe (4). An inner return pipe (3) is inserted through an outer return pipe (4). A second annular connection is formed between the left end of the outer return pipe (4) and the inner return pipe (3), and a third annular connection is formed between the right end of the outer return pipe (4) and the inner return pipe (3). Water-cooled pipe (2) is inserted through the inner return pipe (3). The right end of the inner return pipe (3) and the water-cooled pipe (2) form a fourth annular connection port, and the left end of the inner return pipe (3) and the water-cooled pipe (2) form a fifth annular connection port. The discharge tube (1) is inserted through the water cooling tube (2). The fifth annular connecting port is connected to the left end of the discharge tube (1). The gas storage tube (5), the external return gas tube (4), the internal return gas tube (3), the water cooling tube (2) and the discharge tube (1) are all coaxially arranged. An auxiliary electrode (6), a cathode electrode (7), and an anode electrode (8) are provided. The cathode electrode (7) and the anode electrode (8) are located on the left and right sides of the discharge tube (1), respectively. The auxiliary electrode (6) is spirally wound around the outer periphery of the discharge tube (1). The output mirror assembly (10) and the total reflection mirror assembly (11) are located on the left and right sides of the discharge tube (1), respectively.

2. The five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right end of the external return air pipe (4) is fixedly connected to a first extension pipe body (15), which is connected to the right end of the water cooling pipe (2). The first extension pipe body (15) is fixedly provided with a water inlet pipe (12), which passes through the gas storage pipe (5). The left end of the gas storage pipe (5) is fixedly connected to a second extension pipe body (16). The left end of the fifth annular connecting port and the discharge pipe (1) are both connected to the second extension pipe body (16). The left end of the water cooling pipe (2) is fixedly provided with a water outlet pipe (13), which passes through the second extension pipe body (16).

3. The five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left end of the inner return pipe (3) is sintered and fixed to the second extension pipe; a sintering support point is provided between the right end of the inner return pipe (3) and the outer return pipe (4).

4. The five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total reflection mirror assembly (11) includes a total reflection mirror and a first lens angle fine-tuning structure, which is used to adjust the angle of the total reflection mirror.

5. The five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output mirror assembly (10) includes an output mirror, a metal housing, and a second lens angle fine-tuning structure. The output mirror and the second lens angle fine-tuning structure are disposed inside the metal housing. The second lens angle fine-tuning structure is used to adjust the angle of the output mirror.

6. The five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a heat sink (14), which has an internal thread, and a metal shell has a connecting post with an external thread, and the internal thread and the external thread are screwed together.

7. The five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat sink (14) is provided with multiple heat sinks.

8. The five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left end of the gas storage pipe (5) is provided with a first guide section (18), which is used to guide the gas from the first annular connecting port to the second annular connecting port.

9. The five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right end of the external return gas pipe (4) is provided with a second guide section (17), which is used to guide the gas from the third annular connecting port to the fourth annular connecting port.

10. The five-layer CO2 medical laser tube with fast response and high stability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage pipe (5), external return gas pipe (4), internal return gas pipe (3), water cooling pipe (2) and discharge pipe (1) are all made of glass.

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