A self-regulating green energy power supply system for electrified railways

Abstract

This utility model provides a self-regulating green energy through-power supply system for electrified railways, belonging to the field of railway electrification technology. The self-regulating green energy through-power supply system for electrified railways includes: a through-line contact network, a green energy substation, collector lines, and energy storage devices. The green energy busbar in the green energy substation is connected to the through-line contact network via green energy feeders, to the collector lines via collector feeders, and to the energy storage devices via energy storage feeders. Several green energy devices are installed on the collector lines, and these devices are connected to the green energy busbar via the collector lines. The green energy substation is equipped with a measurement and control device, which includes a voltage detection interface and a current detection interface, electrically connected to the green energy busbar, collector feeders, and energy storage feeders, respectively. It also has an output terminal electrically connected to the switching components of the energy storage devices and the green energy devices. This utility model solution realizes self-regulating through-power supply based on green electricity and energy storage, thereby reducing dependence on the public power grid and improving power supply stability and greening level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway electrification technology, specifically to an electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] AC electrified railways are a crucial pillar of modern transportation systems, and the efficiency, reliability, and environmental friendliness of their traction power supply systems are paramount. Existing traction power supply systems employ an architecture based on traction substations. In this architecture, the core equipment of the traction substation is the traction transformer, whose primary side is connected to the public three-phase power grid, and its secondary side supplies power to the overhead contact line via the traction busbar, providing the necessary electrical energy for train operation. However, this traditional model, entirely reliant on traction transformers and the public three-phase power grid, suffers from significant technical bottlenecks: First, traction loads are typically single-phase, high-power, and highly volatile loads, and their connection to the public three-phase power grid presents power quality issues such as negative sequence and power surge. Second, the system's operation is highly dependent on the public power grid, exhibiting poor energy autonomy and insufficient system resilience, making it susceptible to grid failures or fluctuations. Third, railways also face the urgent requirement of meeting the national "dual-carbon" strategic goals.

[0003] In response to green and low-carbon development, some solutions have attempted to integrate renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power, as well as energy storage devices such as batteries and supercapacitors, into or near the traction substation architecture. However, these solutions are usually only used as auxiliary power sources. The basic structure of the traction power supply system has not changed, green electricity and energy storage remain subordinate, the system's reliance on traction transformers and the public power grid has not fundamentally changed, and power quality issues have not been completely resolved.

[0004] Therefore, with the deepening of the "dual carbon" goals, the existing electrified railway traction power supply system faces challenges in terms of architectural efficiency, power quality management, greening of the energy structure, and system autonomous operation capabilities. There is an urgent need to propose a new power supply architecture that establishes green energy substations along the railway line, eliminates power outage zones at section substations, enables continuous power supply through the overhead contact line, and forms independent power supply units through green energy devices and energy storage devices. Only a small number of traction substations should be retained on one or both sides to provide necessary voltage support, thereby achieving a highly efficient continuous power supply structure primarily based on renewable energy sources. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide an electrified railway self-regulating green energy through power supply system to solve the problems of high dependence on public power grid, prominent negative sequence and through power, and insufficient utilization of green electricity and energy storage in the existing traction power supply system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an electrified railway self-regulating green energy through-power supply system. The system includes: a through-line contact network, traction substations, multiple green energy substations spaced along the through-line contact network, current collectors, and energy storage devices. Each traction substation includes a traction transformer connected to the power grid. The traction substation is independently located at either end or both ends of the through-line contact network to provide voltage support. The green energy substations are not directly electrically connected to the three-phase power grid. Each green energy substation is equipped with a green energy busbar, which is connected to the through-contact network via green energy feeders, to the collector wire via collector feeders, and to the energy storage device via energy storage feeders. Multiple green energy devices are installed on the collector wires and are connected to the green energy busbar via the collector wires. A section divider is connected in series on the through-contact network at the outlet of the green energy substation. The section divider serves as the boundary to divide the power supply zones on the left and right, forming the power supply range of the green energy substation. The power supply ranges of adjacent green energy substations are continuous and do not overlap.

[0007] Optionally, the through-line contact network and the railway rails together form an electrical circuit; wherein, the train pantograph obtains electrical energy through the through-line contact network, converts it into traction power through the traction motor, and returns it to the green energy busbar through the railway rails, thereby forming a closed circuit; the collector wire and the railway rails together form the power generation circuit of the green energy device; the green energy device sends the generated AC or DC power to the green energy busbar through the collector wire via a matching transformer and converter, and completes the power feedback through the rail circuit.

[0008] Optionally, multiple green energy devices are evenly distributed along the collector line. Each green energy device includes a first matching transformer, a first converter, and a green energy unit in sequence. The green energy unit is a renewable energy device. The input terminal of the first matching transformer is electrically connected to the green energy unit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first converter. The first matching transformer has a voltage level that matches the output voltage of the green energy unit, and the output terminal of the first converter is electrically connected to the collector line.

[0009] Optionally, the energy storage device includes a second matching transformer, a second converter, and an energy storage unit connected in series; the energy storage unit is an energy storage element with charging and discharging functions; the input terminal of the second matching transformer is electrically connected to the energy storage unit, the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second converter, and the output terminal of the second converter is electrically connected to the energy storage feeder.

[0010] Optionally, both the energy storage device and the green energy device are equipped with redundant units; the redundant units are connected to the energy storage unit or the green energy unit in parallel. When some green energy devices or some energy storage units fail or are taken out of service, the remaining parallel redundant units continue to maintain the power supply function.

[0011] Optionally, the green energy substation includes a measurement and control device, which includes two or more sets of voltage detection interfaces and current detection interfaces; each set of voltage detection interfaces is connected to different positions of the green energy bus; each set of current detection interfaces is connected to different positions of the current collector feeder and the energy storage feeder, so as to realize the detection of the electrical status of the green energy bus and each feeder through multi-point electrical signal acquisition.

[0012] Optionally, the output terminal of the measurement and control device is electrically connected to the switching component of the energy storage device via a signal line; the measurement and control device also includes an optical fiber communication interface, which is electrically connected to the switching component of the green energy device.

[0013] Optionally, voltage transformers are installed at both ends of the green energy bus to collect the voltage values ​​at both ends of the green energy bus in real time; current transformers are connected in series on the green energy feeder, the current collecting feeder and the energy storage feeder to detect the current direction and magnitude of each feeder; the output terminals of the voltage transformers and the current transformers are electrically connected to the measurement and control device to realize real-time measurement of the operating status of the green energy bus and each feeder.

[0014] Optionally, within the power supply range of the green energy substation, the green energy feeder is divided into a left green energy feeder and a right green energy feeder, with the sectioner installed at the outlet of the green energy substation as the boundary. The green energy busbar is connected to the corresponding power supply zone through the left green energy feeder and the right green energy feeder, respectively.

[0015] Optionally, the collector line has a dual-circuit structure, including a left collector line and a right collector line; the left collector line is connected to the green energy bus via a left collector feeder; the right collector line is connected to the green energy bus via a right collector feeder; the left collector line and the right collector line are distributed along the left and right sides of the line and multiple green energy devices are installed on each side to realize independent collection and grid connection of distributed green energy on the left and right sides.

[0016] Other features and advantages of this utility model embodiment will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a system structure diagram of an electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system provided in one embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a detailed structural diagram of a green energy substation provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0019] In this embodiment of the utility model, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," and "right" generally refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use.

[0020] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] The terms "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, or sagging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0022] Furthermore, terms like "roughly" and "basically" are used to indicate that the content does not require absolute precision, but rather allows for a certain degree of deviation. For example, "roughly equal" does not simply mean absolute equality; in actual production and operation, achieving absolute "equality" is difficult, and a certain degree of deviation is generally present. Therefore, besides absolute equality, "roughly equal to" also includes the aforementioned situation where a certain degree of deviation exists. Using this as an example, in other cases, unless otherwise specified, terms like "roughly" and "basically" have similar meanings.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1This embodiment provides an electrified railway self-regulating green energy through-power supply system. The system includes: a through-line contact network, traction substations located at both ends of the through-line contact network, multiple green energy substations spaced along the through-line contact network, collector lines, and energy storage devices. Each traction substation includes a traction transformer connected to the power grid. The primary side of the traction transformer is connected to a three-phase power grid, and the secondary side is connected to the traction busbar and then to the through-line contact network, providing voltage support for the through-line contact network. The green energy substations... The substation is not directly electrically connected to the three-phase power grid. Each green energy substation is equipped with a green energy busbar, which is connected to the through contact network via green energy feeders, to the collector line via collector feeders, and to the energy storage device via energy storage feeders. Multiple green energy devices are installed on the collector line, and the green energy devices are connected to the green energy busbar via the collector line. A section switch is connected in series on the contact network at the outlet of the green energy substation, and the left and right power supply zones are divided by the section switch. The power supply range of adjacent green energy substations is continuous and does not overlap.

[0025] Specifically, the self-regulating green energy power supply system for electrified railways mainly consists of traction substations, green energy substations, section substations, collector lines, continuous contact networks, and rails. Unlike the traditional centralized power supply architecture that relies on traction transformers, this embodiment explicitly eliminates the traction transformers connected to the three-phase power grid within the green energy substations, instead setting up an independent green energy busbar. This green energy busbar, as the core node for energy aggregation and distribution, establishes physical connections with external units through three types of feeders: first, it connects to the continuous contact network through green energy feeders, providing direct traction power for train operation; second, it connects to the collector lines laid along the line through collector feeders, thereby unifying distributed green energy devices into the busbar; and third, it connects to energy storage devices through energy storage feeders, providing a stable interface for the charging and discharging of energy storage units. This hierarchical structure effectively decomposes the power supply backbone into three major entry points: traction, power generation, and energy storage, constructing a complete energy flow channel.

[0026] In existing technologies, railway traction power supply systems generally use traction substations as their core, which must be equipped with traction transformers. The primary side of the traction transformer is connected to the three-phase power grid, and the secondary side is connected to the overhead contact line via the traction busbar. In this way, the traction substation not only supplies power to the train's traction load but also determines the voltage support and power quality control of the entire power supply section. However, this model has several obvious problems: First, the traction load itself is a single-phase, high-power, and highly volatile load. Directly applying it to the three-phase power grid will cause severe negative sequence current and power ride-through, making it difficult to guarantee power quality. Second, the entire system is highly dependent on the public grid and lacks self-regulation; once the grid fluctuates, the stability of the traction power supply is affected. Third, under the current model, even if green electricity and energy storage are introduced, they are indirectly connected through the traction substation, and their role remains auxiliary, unable to escape the pattern of "grid as the main source and green electricity as a supplement."

[0027] In contrast, this application simplifies the function of the traction substation. Specifically, while the traction substation is still present, it exists only as a voltage support node. Its traction transformer's role is limited to providing necessary voltage support for the overhead contact line, and it no longer undertakes the direct power supply task for traction loads. In other words, the function of the traction substation changes from "power supply + support" to "simple support," weakening its position within the overall system. The primary power source for the traction load shifts to the green energy substation, resulting in a substantial change in the system's focus.

[0028] The second difference lies in the organization of the power supply architecture. Traditional systems generally use independent sections divided by zones, each section relying on a corresponding traction substation, and these sections are usually electrically isolated. While this facilitates local management, it has drawbacks such as the potential for power outages or voltage fluctuations when trains cross sections, and the inability to share energy between zones. The proposed solution adopts a continuous overhead contact line approach, electrically connecting the entire line's contact line and eliminating reliance on fragmented section power supplies. Simultaneously, a section divider is installed at the exit of each green energy substation, dividing the power supply zones into left and right sections. The advantage of this design is that it ensures continuous power supply across the entire line, preventing power outages when trains cross sections, while also allowing for local isolation via section dividers when needed, thus balancing continuity and flexibility.

[0029] The third core difference lies in the control logic of the green energy substation. In the traditional model, the operation of green electricity and energy storage is basically uniformly scheduled by the traction substation, essentially a controlled and passive role. However, in this application's scheme, the green energy substation has an independently installed green energy bus, directly connected to the green electricity and energy storage devices via collector feeders and energy storage feeders. Simultaneously, the green energy substation is equipped with measurement and control devices, including voltage detection interfaces, current detection interfaces, and communication interfaces, enabling it to independently collect electrical parameters at the hardware level and directly control the switching of energy storage and green electricity devices. In other words, the green energy substation possesses autonomous control capabilities, independently adjusting power generation and energy storage according to local supply and demand, no longer relying on indirect commands from the traction substation. This autonomous design makes the green energy substation a truly self-sufficient core node capable of supporting traction loads, completely changing the subordinate status of green electricity and energy storage in the system.

[0030] In summary, the key innovation of this application compared to the traditional traction power supply system lies in the fact that by weakening the traction substation, introducing a combined architecture of through-contact network and sectionalizer, and endowing green energy substations with self-regulatory control capabilities, it fundamentally changes the old model of "grid dominance and centralized traction substations" and establishes a new railway traction power supply architecture with green electricity and energy storage as the core driving force. Preferably, the through-contact contact network and the railway rail together form an electrical circuit; wherein, when the train is running, the pantograph introduces current through the through-contact contact network, the current output by the traction motor flows back through the railway rail, and the railway rail is electrically connected to the green energy busbar, so that the through-contact contact network, the railway rail and the green energy busbar form a closed power supply circuit.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the through-line contact network serves as the conductive channel for the train's pantograph to draw current. During train operation, it stably transmits the electrical energy distributed on the green energy busbar to the pantograph, which then consumes the energy to form traction power. Finally, the current flows back to the railway rails via the traction motor. The railway rails themselves, as low-impedance conductors, are electrically connected to the green energy busbar within the substation, thus forming a closed loop between the through-line contact network, the railway rails, and the green energy busbar. This structural arrangement ensures a complete path for traction power supply, allowing the green energy busbar to directly become the core node of the power supply circuit, rather than solely relying on the secondary output of a traditional traction transformer.

[0032] This improvement makes the current flow path clearer, achieving a closed loop between the overhead contact line and the rails, thus avoiding voltage drops caused by excessively long energy flow paths. Simultaneously, the direct connection between the rails and the green energy bus reduces additional intermediate equipment and improves energy transmission efficiency. More importantly, by introducing the green energy bus into the traction power supply closed loop, the electricity generated by distributed green energy devices and energy storage units can directly participate in the loop power supply. This breaks the traditional "grid-centric, green energy-supplemented" model in terms of hardware structure, realizing the dominant integration of green energy in the traction power supply loop.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, traction substations SS1 and SS2 are set on both sides of the through contact network. It can be understood that setting a traction substation on one side of the through contact network is also within the protection scope of this utility model. A traction transformer is set in the traction substation. The primary side of the traction transformer is connected to the three-phase power grid, and the secondary side of the traction transformer is connected to the traction bus. The three-phase power grid provides voltage support for the traction bus. The traction bus leads out a traction feeder, which is connected to the through contact network. The voltage information of the traction bus is transmitted to the input terminal of the measurement and control device of the green energy substation through optical fiber.

[0034] Preferably, a sectioner is connected in series with the contact wire at the outlet of the green energy substation, and the power supply zones on the left and right sides are divided by the sectioner at the outlet of the green energy substation, forming the power supply range of the green energy substation. The power supply ranges of adjacent green energy substations are continuous and do not overlap.

[0035] Preferably, the power supply range of the green energy substation adjacent to the traction substation ends at the section switch at the exit of the traction substation.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, sectionalizers are connected in series on the contact wires at the outlets of SS1 and SS2 of the traction substation, with the GS substation of the green energy substation as an example. i For example, where i=1, ..., n, n≥1, the green energy substation GS i A section switch is connected in series with the contact wire at the outlet, using the GS green energy substation. i The power supply zones on the left and right sides are divided by the section divider at the outlet, forming the GS section of this green energy substation. i The power supply range of the adjacent green energy substations is continuous and does not overlap.

[0037] Among them, the power supply range of the green energy substation GS1, which is adjacent to traction substation SS1, ends at the section switch at the outlet of traction substation SS1; the power supply range of the green energy substation GS1, which is adjacent to traction substation SS2, is as follows: n The power supply range ends at the sectionalizer at the SS2 outlet of the traction substation.

[0038] Understandably, following this logic, the power supply range of Green Energy Substation GS1 includes the left and right power supply sections of Green Energy Substation GS1. The left power supply section of Green Energy Substation GS1 starts at the section switch at the exit of traction substation SS1 and ends at the section switch at the exit of Green Energy Substation GS1. The right power supply section of Green Energy Substation GS1 is continuous with and does not overlap with the left power supply section of the next Green Energy Substation GS2, ..., Green Energy Substation GS... i-1 Right-side power supply zone and Green Energy Substation GS i The power supply zones on the left are continuous and do not overlap; Green Energy Substation GS i Right-side power supply zone and Green Energy Substation GS i+1 The power supply zones on the left are continuous and do not overlap, ..., Green Energy Substation GS n The power supply range includes the GS green energy substation. n Left power supply zone and right power supply zone, Green Energy Substation GS n The power supply zone on the left is the same as the previous green energy substation GS. n-1 The power supply zones on the right are continuous and do not overlap; GS Green Energy Substation n The right-side power supply zone starts from the Green Energy Substation GS. n The exit section switch terminates at the SS2 exit section switch of the traction substation.

[0039] Preferably, multiple green energy devices are evenly distributed along the collector line, and each green energy device includes a first matching transformer, a first converter, and a green energy unit in sequence; the green energy unit is a renewable energy device; the input terminal of the first matching transformer is electrically connected to the green energy unit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first converter; the first matching transformer has a voltage level that matches the output voltage of the green energy unit, and the output terminal of the first converter is connected to the collector line.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, each green energy device is configured with the same hardware structure, including a first matching transformer, a first converter, and a green energy unit. The green energy unit can be a photovoltaic module, a wind turbine, or other distributed renewable energy generation unit, used to directly generate electricity on-site. To address the issues of unstable output voltage and inconsistency with the busbar rating of the green energy unit, a first matching transformer is installed between the green energy unit and the collector line. Its input terminal is electrically connected to the green energy unit, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first converter. The first matching transformer is designed with an electrical rating matching the output voltage of the green energy unit, thereby ensuring that the voltage can stably enter the subsequent converter stage after matching and adjustment. The input terminal of the first converter is connected to the output terminal of the matching transformer, and its output terminal is directly connected to the collector line, realizing the unified collection of electrical energy generated by the green energy device onto the collector line, and then further connected to the green energy busbar.

[0041] Through this hardware-level structural combination, each green energy device can be directly physically compatible with the railway traction power supply network after voltage level matching and current form conversion, avoiding energy waste or power instability caused by mismatch in the output of a single device. Simultaneously, the evenly distributed layout along the line reduces the risk of voltage fluctuations that may arise from concentrated green energy access in a particular section, resulting in smoother energy input. In terms of overall effectiveness, this structure achieves standardized access for distributed renewable energy, ensuring that different types of green energy units can be connected to the grid through a consistent interface, improving green energy utilization, and physically supporting a self-regulating, continuous power supply architecture for railways with green energy as the main component.

[0042] Preferred, such as Figure 2 As shown, each power supply zone is equipped with at least one sectionalizing station. The left power supply zone is equipped with sectionalizing stations 1, ..., i1, and the right power supply zone is equipped with sectionalizing stations 1, ..., i2, where i1≥1 and i2≥1. A sectionalizing device is connected in series with the contact wire at the outlet of the sectionalizing station. The area between two adjacent sectionalizing devices constitutes a segment. A sectionalizing busbar is installed in the sectionalizing station, and a first voltage transformer is installed on the sectionalizing busbar. Two network cables are led out from the sectionalizing busbar and connected to the contact wire at both ends of the sectionalizing device at the outlet of the sectionalizing station. The network cables are connected in series with a first current transformer. The contact wire within the power supply range of the green energy substation is supplied with power in segments through the sectionalizing stations, and the train is powered continuously through the sectionalizing devices.

[0043] As a preferred implementation method, the green energy substation GS i No traction transformer is installed inside the GS Green Energy Substation. i Internal green energy busbar GB i Green energy bus GBi via green energy feeder FP i1 FP i2 It is connected to the overhead contact line.

[0044] As a preferred implementation method, in the GS green energy substation i Within the power supply range, the GS green energy substation i The green energy feeder FP is divided into left and right sides by the segmenter at the outlet. i1 FP i2 Green Energy Busbar GB i Through the green energy feeder FP on the left i1 Power is supplied to the left-side power supply zone via the right-side green energy feeder FP. i2 Power is supplied to the right-side power supply zone.

[0045] As a preferred implementation method, the green energy substation GS i Set up two collector wires, GL on the left and right. i1 GL i2 Left-side collector GL i1 Several green power devices GPG1, ..., GPG are installed on the left side.i1 GL right-side collector wire i2 Several right-side green power devices GPG1, ..., GPG are installed on the top. i2 On the left, green power devices GPG1, ..., GPG i1 via the left collector wire GL i1 and the left-side collector feeder FP i3 Towards Green Energy Busbar GB i Power generation, green electricity devices GPG1, ..., GPG on the right. i2 via the right-side collector wire GL i2 and right-side collector feeder FP i4 Towards Green Energy Busbar GB i Power generation.

[0046] As a preferred implementation method, the green energy busbar GB i via energy storage feeder FP i5 With energy storage devices ES i Connected; Green energy substations are equipped with monitoring and control devices (PCs). i PC (Control and Measurement Device) i Output terminal and energy storage device ES i The control terminal is connected, and via fiber optic FO to the left collector cable GL. i1 Several green electrical devices on the left side, GPG1, ..., GPG i1 and the right-side collector wire GL i2 Several green electrical devices on the left side, GPG1, ..., GPG i2 The control terminal is connected.

[0047] Preferably, the energy storage device includes a second matching transformer, a second converter, and an energy storage unit connected in series; the energy storage unit is an energy storage element with charging and discharging functions; the input terminal of the second matching transformer is electrically connected to the energy storage unit, the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second converter, and the output terminal of the second converter is electrically connected to the energy storage feeder.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, the energy storage unit can be a battery pack, a supercapacitor, or other energy storage element with charging and discharging capabilities. Its main function is to temporarily store and release electrical energy. Since the intrinsic output voltage level of the energy storage unit is usually inconsistent with the voltage required for railway traction power supply, a second matching transformer is installed between the energy storage unit and the external circuit. The input terminal of this second matching transformer is directly connected to the energy storage unit, enabling voltage matching and isolation. Its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the second converter, ensuring stable access for subsequent energy conversion stages. The second converter is installed between the matching transformer and the energy storage feeder. Its input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the matching transformer, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the energy storage feeder, allowing the entire energy storage device to form an electrical interface with the green energy busbar through the feeder.

[0049] The energy storage unit, through a double-layer buffer of matching transformer and converter, not only solves the problems of voltage level differences and inconsistent current forms, but also enables the energy storage element to be seamlessly connected to the traction power supply network, avoiding the risks of voltage surges or power quality degradation that may result from direct connection. The matching transformer provides electrical isolation and voltage adaptation at the physical level, while the converter, as an interface device, ensures bidirectional energy transfer capability with the energy storage feeder.

[0050] As a preferred implementation method, the green energy busbar GB i A second voltage transformer YH is installed on top. i Left-side green energy feeder FP i1 Right-side green energy feeder FP i2 Left-side collector feeder FP i3 Right-side collector feeder FP i4 FP energy storage feeder i5 The second current transformer LH is connected in series respectively. i1 LH i2 LH i3 LH i4 LH i5 Measurement and control device PC i The input terminal is connected to the second voltage transformer YH i Second current transformer LH i1 LH i2 LH i3 LH i4 LH i5 The measuring terminal is connected; the second voltage transformer YH i The second current transformer LH is used to collect voltage information from the green energy bus GBi. i1 LH i2 LH i3 LH i4 LH i5 Used to collect data from the left green energy feeder FP. i1 Right-side green energy feeder FP i2 Left-side collector feeder FP i3 Right-side collector feeder FP i4 FP energy storage feeder i5 Current information.

[0051] Preferably, both the energy storage device and the green energy device are equipped with redundant units; the redundant units are connected to the energy storage unit or the green energy unit in electrical parallel connection. When some green energy devices or some energy storage units fail or are taken out of operation, the remaining parallel redundant units continue to maintain the power supply function.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, within the energy storage device, the redundant units can be additionally configured battery packs or supercapacitor packs, which are connected in parallel with the main energy storage unit to the input terminal of the second matching transformer. When some battery packs stop operating due to faults or performance degradation, the remaining parallel units can automatically maintain open circuits, thereby continuing to undertake the tasks of energy storage and release. In the green energy device, the redundant units can be additional photovoltaic modules or wind turbine modules. These redundant units are connected in parallel to the input terminal of the first matching transformer, ensuring that in the event that some green energy units are affected by environmental factors or fail to operate, the remaining parallel units can continue to output electrical energy, which is then connected to the collector line via the matching transformer and the first converter.

[0053] As a preferred implementation method, the green energy substation GS i Internal energy storage device ES i The green power supply is set up with a backup according to the train operation organization requirements, preferably with a 50% backup.

[0054] The modular, redundant unit configuration reduces the impact of single-point failures on overall operation; even if some components fail, the remaining units can still maintain the original power supply path without interruption. Secondly, the parallel connection not only ensures the stability of the electrical path but also maintains a consistent voltage level, avoiding power fluctuations caused by the disconnection or connection of different units. This structure improves the maintainability of green energy devices and energy storage devices, allowing for the replacement of only failed units during maintenance without requiring a complete shutdown.

[0055] Preferably, the measurement and control device includes two or more sets of voltage detection interfaces and current detection interfaces; each set of voltage detection interfaces is connected to different positions of the green energy bus; each set of current detection interfaces is connected to different positions of the current collector feeder and the energy storage feeder, so as to realize the detection of the electrical status of the green energy bus and each feeder through multi-point electrical signal acquisition.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, each set of voltage detection interfaces is electrically connected to different locations on the green energy busbar. For example, voltage detection interfaces can be arranged at both ends and the middle of the busbar to obtain more comprehensive voltage distribution information. Simultaneously, each set of current detection interfaces is connected to different locations on the current collector feeder and energy storage feeder. A typical deployment method is to set detection interfaces at both the feeder inlet and outlet ends to achieve comprehensive detection of current magnitude and direction. Through this distributed interface structure, the electrical status of the busbar and each feeder can be simultaneously collected at multiple locations at the hardware level.

[0057] Preferably, the output terminal of the measurement and control device is electrically connected to the switching component of the energy storage device via a signal line; the measurement and control device also includes an optical fiber communication interface, which is electrically connected to the switching component of the green energy device.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, the output terminal of the measurement and control device is electrically connected to the switching component of the energy storage device via a signal line. This signal line is a low-voltage control line, forming a stable electrical path with the switching terminals of the energy storage device along a fixed wiring path, enabling a direct hardware connection between the measurement and control device and the energy storage device. Furthermore, the measurement and control device is specially equipped with a fiber optic communication interface. This interface is electrically connected to the switching component of the green energy device via an optical fiber medium. Compared to traditional cable transmission, fiber optic connection can effectively avoid external electromagnetic interference and support signal transmission over longer distances, thus ensuring that the green energy device can maintain a reliable connection with the measurement and control device even under distributed deployment conditions. The switching components of both the energy storage device and the green energy device are standardized electrical actuator terminals, with the signal line and fiber optic interface forming physical connections with them, achieving a unified input / output interface standard.

[0059] Preferably, voltage transformers are installed at both ends of the green energy bus to collect the voltage values ​​at both ends of the bus in real time; current transformers are connected in series on the green energy feeder, the current collecting feeder and the energy storage feeder to detect the current direction and magnitude of each feeder; the output terminals of the voltage transformers and the current transformers are electrically connected to the measurement and control device to realize real-time measurement of the operating status of the green energy bus and each feeder.

[0060] In this embodiment of the invention, voltage transformers are installed at both ends of the green energy busbar. These voltage transformers are connected in parallel at the ends, allowing them to directly sense the voltage values ​​at both ends of the busbar at the physical level. This arrangement ensures comprehensive detection of voltage changes along the entire length of the busbar, avoiding data distortion or the neglect of local voltage fluctuations caused by single-point sampling. Simultaneously, current transformers are connected in series on the green energy feeder, current collector feeder, and energy storage feeder. These current transformers are connected to each feeder in series, enabling real-time sensing of the magnitude and direction of the current. These transformers typically employ a toroidal core and secondary winding structure, ensuring both detection accuracy and isolation from high-voltage lines, thus guaranteeing measurement safety. The outputs of both the voltage and current transformers are uniformly led to the input port of the measurement and control device, thereby establishing a complete electrical parameter acquisition path at the hardware level.

[0061] Preferably, a segmenter is installed at the outlet of the green energy substation, which divides the green energy feeder into a left green energy feeder and a right green energy feeder. The green energy busbar is connected to the corresponding power supply zone through the left green energy feeder and the right green energy feeder, respectively.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, one end of the segmenter is electrically connected to the green energy busbar, while the other end is split into two outputs, forming a left-side green energy feeder and a right-side green energy feeder. The left-side green energy feeder extends to the left side of the railway power supply section, while the right-side green energy feeder extends to the power supply zone in the opposite direction, thus allowing the electrical energy on the same busbar to be distributed to two independent power supply zones through the segmenter. Each feeder uses conductor specifications consistent with the busbar voltage level during installation and is equipped with independent insulation supports and fixing structures to ensure stable mechanical strength and electrical performance during long-distance operation.

[0063] Preferably, the collector line has a dual-circuit structure, including a left collector line and a right collector line; the left collector line is connected to the green energy bus via a left collector feeder; the right collector line is connected to the green energy bus via a right collector feeder; the left and right collector lines are distributed along the left and right sides of the line and are equipped with multiple green energy devices respectively, so as to realize the independent collection and grid connection of distributed green energy on the left and right sides.

[0064] In this embodiment of the invention, the left-side collector wire is electrically connected to the green energy busbar via an independent left-side collector feeder, while the right-side collector wire is connected to the green energy busbar via a right-side collector feeder. Physically, they are distributed along the left and right sides of the railway line, serving as access channels for green energy devices along the line. Each side's collector wire is an independently laid conductor path, mechanically supported by insulated hanging points, and maintained at a specified distance from the ground wire and signal line to ensure safe operation. Multiple green energy devices are installed along their respective paths on both the left and right collector wires. Typical green energy devices are photovoltaic module arrays or small wind turbine units. Their outputs are sequentially connected to a matching transformer and a converter, and then branch into the corresponding side's collector wire, achieving local convergence of distributed power sources.

[0065] Preferably, the monitoring and control device is equipped with multiple sets of voltage and current detection interfaces, which are connected to different locations on the green energy bus and various feeders, thus forming a multi-point acquisition path in terms of physical structure. Simultaneously, the output of the monitoring and control device is electrically connected to the switching components of the energy storage device via signal lines, and is also equipped with an optical fiber communication interface electrically connected to the switching components of the green energy device, forming a hardware framework with parallel low-voltage signal paths and anti-interference paths. The multi-point detection interfaces ensure comprehensive coverage of bus voltage and feeder current, supporting accurate acquisition of power status at the hardware level, thereby alleviating the problem of insufficient power quality monitoring in traditional architectures. On the other hand, the combination of signal lines and optical fiber interfaces enables reliable access and disconnection of energy storage and green energy units, improving redundancy and response speed, and correspondingly solving the shortcomings of existing systems such as strong dependence on the public power grid and poor autonomy.

[0066] This utility model solution sets up an independent green energy busbar inside the green energy substation, and establishes connection relationships with the through contact network, collector wires and energy storage devices through green energy feeders, collector feeders and energy storage feeders respectively, so that the busbar becomes the central node for energy collection and distribution, realizing the direct connection between power generation, energy storage and traction power supply from the physical architecture, breaking through the limitation of the traditional architecture that must rely on traction transformers and external power grids.

[0067] Furthermore, the collector wires installed along the line adopt a double-circuit configuration distributed on the left and right, and multiple green energy devices are installed on each collector wire. In conjunction with matching transformers and converters, renewable energy is uniformly fed into the green energy bus. This layout not only increases the proportion of green energy access but also reduces the fluctuation problem caused by single-point centralized access.

[0068] Furthermore, the energy storage device is connected to the bus via a second matching transformer and a second converter, and is equipped with redundant units inside, enabling bidirectional energy flow and providing backup capability, thereby increasing the system's resilience and stability in terms of structure.

[0069] Furthermore, the measurement and control device forms electrical connections with each unit through multiple sets of voltage and current detection interfaces and signal and fiber optic interfaces, providing hardware-level detection and connection conditions for the bus status and switching components.

[0070] The optional embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present utility model, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present utility model, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0071] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations will not be described separately in this embodiment.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. This program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a microcontroller, chip, or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0073] Furthermore, various different implementation methods of this utility model can be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this utility model, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A self-regulating green energy power supply system for electrified railways, characterized in that, The electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system includes: The system includes a continuous overhead contact line, traction substations, multiple green energy substations, collector lines, and energy storage devices installed along the intervals of the continuous overhead contact line. The traction substation includes a traction transformer connected to the power grid. The traction substation is independently located at any one or both ends of the through contact network and is used to provide voltage support for the through contact network. The green energy substation is not directly electrically connected to the three-phase power grid. Each green energy substation is equipped with a green energy busbar. The green energy busbar is connected to the through contact network through green energy feeders, connected to the collector line through collector feeders, and connected to the energy storage device through energy storage feeders. Multiple green energy devices are installed on the collector wire, and the green energy devices are connected to the green energy bus via the collector wire; A section switch is connected in series on the through contact wire at the outlet of the green energy substation. The left and right power supply zones are divided by the section switch, which constitutes the power supply range of the green energy substation. The power supply ranges of adjacent green energy substations are continuous and do not overlap.

2. The electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The continuous overhead contact line and railway rails together form an electrical circuit; wherein... The train's pantograph obtains electrical energy through the overhead contact line, which is then converted into traction power by the traction motor and flows back to the green energy busbar via the railway rails, thus forming a closed circuit. The collector wire and the railway rail together form the power generation circuit of the green electricity device; The green energy device transmits the generated AC or DC power to the green energy bus via a collector wire through a matching transformer and converter, and completes the power feedback through a rail circuit.

3. The electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple green energy devices are evenly distributed along the collector line. Each green energy device includes a first matching transformer, a first converter, and a green energy unit in sequence. The green energy unit is a renewable energy device. The input terminal of the first matching transformer is electrically connected to the green energy unit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the first converter. The first matching transformer has a voltage level that matches the output voltage of the green energy unit, and the output terminal of the first converter is electrically connected to the collector line.

4. The electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes a second matching transformer, a second converter, and an energy storage unit connected in series. The energy storage unit is an energy storage element with charging and discharging functions. The input terminal of the second matching transformer is electrically connected to the energy storage unit, and the output terminal is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second converter. The output terminal of the second converter is electrically connected to the energy storage feeder.

5. The electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the energy storage device and the green electricity device are equipped with redundant units; The redundant units are connected to the energy storage unit or the green energy unit in electrical parallel connection. When some green energy devices or some energy storage units fail or are out of operation, the remaining parallel redundant units continue to maintain the power supply function.

6. The electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Green energy substations include measurement and control devices, which include two or more sets of voltage detection interfaces and current detection interfaces; Each voltage detection interface is connected to a different position on the green energy busbar. Each current detection interface is connected to different positions of the current collector feeder and the energy storage feeder to detect the electrical status of the green energy bus and each feeder through multi-point electrical signal acquisition.

7. The electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The output terminal of the measurement and control device is electrically connected to the switching component of the energy storage device via a signal line; The measurement and control device also includes an optical fiber communication interface, which is electrically connected to the switching component of the green power device.

8. The electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Voltage transformers are installed at both ends of the green energy bus to collect the voltage values ​​at both ends of the green energy bus in real time. Current transformers are connected in series on the green energy feeder, the current collecting feeder and the energy storage feeder respectively, and are used to detect the current direction and magnitude of each feeder; The output terminals of both the voltage transformer and the current transformer are electrically connected to the measurement and control device to realize real-time measurement of the operating status of the green energy bus and each feeder.

9. The electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within the power supply range of the green energy substation, the green energy feeder is divided into a left green energy feeder and a right green energy feeder, with the sectioner installed at the outlet of the green energy substation as the boundary. The green energy busbar is connected to the corresponding power supply zone through the left green energy feeder and the right green energy feeder, respectively.

10. The electrified railway self-regulating green energy power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collector wire has a dual-circuit structure, including a left collector wire and a right collector wire; The left-side collector line is connected to the green energy bus via the left-side collector feeder line; The right-side collector cable is connected to the green energy bus via the right-side collector feeder; The left and right collector lines are distributed along the left and right sides of the line and are equipped with multiple green power devices to achieve independent collection and grid connection of distributed green power on the left and right sides.

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