A liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device

Abstract

A liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device, relating to the field of power energy storage technology, includes a cabinet shell and a battery module installed inside the cabinet shell. The battery module's information transmission end is electrically connected to a BMS module, its charging end is electrically connected to both a PCS module and an MPPT module, its discharging end is electrically connected to the PCS module, and the PCS module's power output end is electrically connected to the load side. The BMS module's information transmission end is electrically connected to both the PCS module and the MPPT module. The PCS module is electrically connected to the grid side, and the MPPT module is electrically connected to a solar panel. The control end of the cooling unit is electrically connected to the BMS module, the cooling unit's outlet is connected to a corresponding cooling pipe, the cooling pipe is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery module, and the battery module's coolant outlet is connected to the cooling unit's inlet. This device is used to solve the problem of low heat dissipation efficiency in traditional systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of power energy storage technology, specifically to a liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of carbon neutrality goals, solar energy, as a clean energy source, is being widely used. However, photovoltaic power generation suffers from instability and grid impact, necessitating the integration of energy storage systems to smooth output and improve utilization. Traditional photovoltaic energy storage often employs air cooling, whose efficiency is greatly affected by the environment, making it difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power equipment, and it also occupies a large space.

[0003] Therefore, we propose an energy storage device with high heat dissipation efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device that solves the problem of low heat dissipation efficiency in traditional systems.

[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device includes a cabinet shell, and a battery module, a BMS module, a PCS module, an MPPT module, a cooling unit, and cooling pipes disposed within the cabinet shell. The information transmission end of the battery module is electrically connected to the BMS module, the charging end of the battery module is electrically connected to both the PCS module and the MPPT module, the discharging end of the battery module is electrically connected to the PCS module, and the power output end of the PCS module is electrically connected to the load side. The information transmission end of the BMS module is electrically connected to both the PCS module and the MPPT module, the PCS module is electrically connected to the grid side, and the MPPT module is electrically connected to the solar panel. The control end of the cooling unit is electrically connected to the BMS module, the liquid outlet of the cooling unit is connected to the corresponding cooling pipe, the cooling pipe is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery module, and the coolant outlet of the battery module is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling unit.

[0006] Furthermore, the cabinet shell is divided into three cavities—upper, middle, and lower—by two partitions; the lower cavity is used to install the cooling unit, the middle cavity is used to install the battery module and BMS module, and the upper cavity is used to install the PCS module and MPPT module.

[0007] Furthermore, a smoke and temperature sensor is installed on the top surface of the cavity in the middle of the cabinet shell.

[0008] Furthermore, the cabinet door of the cabinet shell is equipped with a pressure relief valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner surface of the cabinet shell is covered with a layer of rock wool, and the outer surface of the cabinet shell is coated with an aerogel heat insulation coating.

[0010] Furthermore, the PCS module is electrically connected to the power grid side via an AC circuit breaker.

[0011] Furthermore, the MPPT module is electrically connected to the solar panel via a DC circuit breaker.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery module is composed of multiple battery packs connected in parallel, and each battery pack is connected to a BMS module. The multiple BMS modules are connected in series and electrically connected to the PCS module and the MPPT module respectively.

[0013] The technical solution of this utility model has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: This utility model discloses a liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device, which forms a closed-loop liquid cooling system through a cooling unit and cooling pipes. It can efficiently and quickly remove the heat generated by the battery module, and the heat dissipation efficiency is much higher than that of traditional air cooling. It effectively prevents battery thermal runaway, ensures that the battery always works in the optimal temperature range, and improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0014] In addition, the cabinet adopts a three-layer partition design (upper, middle and lower) to physically isolate the electrical unit (PCS, MPPT), battery unit (battery module, BMS) and heat dissipation unit (cooling unit), realizing functional modularization and layout optimization. This not only reduces internal interference but also significantly reduces the overall size of the device and saves installation space. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion relief valve structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of each module of this utility model.

[0016] Attached reference numerals: 1. Cabinet shell; 2. Battery module; 3. PCS module; 4. MPPT module; 5. Cooling unit; 6. Cooling pipe; 7. BMS module; 8. AC circuit breaker; 9. DC circuit breaker; 10. Smoke and temperature sensor alarm; 11. Explosion relief valve. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0018] Example 1 like Figures 1-3 The liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device shown includes a cabinet shell 1, and a battery module 2, a BMS (Battery Management System) module, a PCS (Power Conversion System) module, an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) module, a cooling unit 5, and cooling pipes 6 disposed within the cabinet shell 1. The information transmission end of the battery module 2 is electrically connected to the BMS module 7, the charging end of the battery module 2 is electrically connected to the PCS module 3 and the MPPT module 4 respectively, the discharging end of the battery module 2 is electrically connected to the PCS module 3, and the power output end of the PCS module 3 is electrically connected to the load side. The BMS module 7 is used to intelligently adjust the charging and discharging strategy and cooling power of the battery module 2 based on the monitored real-time status, including temperature, voltage, and charge, thereby achieving intelligent management and maintenance of the battery module 2, preventing overcharging and over-discharging, and extending the battery's lifespan. The information transmission terminal of the BMS module 7 is electrically connected to the PCS module 3 and the MPPT module 4 respectively, and is used to interact with the PCS module 3 and the MPPT module 4. That is, when the charging mode of the battery module 2 is intelligently adjusted, the BMS module 7 can control the PCS module 3 to work, so that the battery module 2 is charged by the grid side, or control the MPPT module 4 to work, so that the battery module 2 is charged by the photovoltaic panel. At the same time, the BMS module 7 will also send the battery status information it has acquired to the PCS module 3 and the MPPT module 4.

[0019] Furthermore, the battery module 2 is composed of multiple battery packs connected in parallel, and each battery pack is connected to a BMS module 7. The multiple BMS modules 7 are connected in series and then electrically connected to the PCS module 3 and the MPPT module 4 respectively. In this application, five liquid-cooled battery packs can be connected in parallel, and the parallel connection can provide the user with 261kWh of electrical energy.

[0020] The PCS module 3 is electrically connected to the grid side via the AC circuit breaker 8. The PCS module 3 is responsible for controlling the charging and discharging process of the battery module 2, performing AC-DC conversion, and supplying power to the AC load. Its main components include a DC / AC bidirectional converter and a control unit. Simultaneously, the PCS can communicate with the BMS via a CAN interface or dry contact transmission to obtain battery status information, enabling protective charging and discharging of the battery and ensuring safe battery operation. Taking grid charging of the battery as an example: when the battery charge reaches a specified lower limit, the BMS immediately notifies the PCS system to open the circuit breaker and connect to the grid. Grid power enters the PCS through the input terminals and the AC circuit breaker 8. The PCS converts the AC power to DC power to charge the battery. At the same time, the BMS constantly monitors the battery voltage; when the battery voltage reaches a specified value, it opens the circuit breaker to disconnect the grid.

[0021] In addition, PCS module 3 is electrically connected to the power grid side via AC circuit breaker 8. This circuit breaker protects the device from damage caused by grid voltage and allows for safe maintenance. When the external grid voltage is too high, this circuit breaker will immediately disconnect, ensuring the safety of the device. Furthermore, for safety during maintenance, this device can be disconnected when necessary for safe maintenance.

[0022] MPPT module 4 is electrically connected to the solar panel; MPPT module 4, also known as the photovoltaic panel controller, can detect the power generation voltage of the solar panel in real time and track the highest voltage and current values, enabling the system to output maximum power and charge battery module 2. In other words, MPPT module 4 is responsible for coordinating the work of the solar panel and battery module 2, enabling the photovoltaic panel to output more electrical energy and effectively storing the DC power generated by the solar panel in battery module 2. This can effectively solve the problem of domestic and industrial electricity use in remote areas and tourist areas that cannot be covered by conventional power grids, without generating environmental pollution.

[0023] In addition, the MPPT module 4 is electrically connected to the solar panel via the DC circuit breaker 9, which protects the device from damage caused by DC power from the photovoltaic panel and allows for safe maintenance of the device by disconnecting the photovoltaic panel. When an external DC overvoltage occurs, this circuit breaker will immediately trip, ensuring the safety of the device. Furthermore, for safety during maintenance, this device can be disconnected when necessary for safe repairs.

[0024] The control terminal of the cooling unit 5 is electrically connected to the BMS module 7. The liquid outlet of the cooling unit 5 is connected to the cooling pipe 6. The cooling pipe 6 is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery module 2. The coolant outlet of the battery module 2 is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling unit 5. Cooling unit 5 is a core component for heat dissipation of battery module 2, suitable for applications where the battery generates significant heat and internal equipment is sensitive to ambient temperature. It boasts high reliability, simple and convenient installation, and requires no complex debugging. Furthermore, in conjunction with cooling pipes 6, cooling unit 5 continuously delivers coolant to battery module 2, ensuring it remains in optimal operating condition and prevents overheating and burnout. Additionally, because BMS module 7 monitors the operating status of battery module 2, it can activate cooling unit 5 to supply coolant to battery module 2 through cooling pipes 6 when the battery module 2's temperature rises, thereby cooling the battery module 2. After completing its cooling cycle within battery module 2, the coolant can flow back to cooling unit 5 from the coolant outlet, achieving coolant recycling and reducing coolant loss.

[0025] It should be noted that the liquid-cooled battery module 2 has a cooling plate with coolant circulation and coolant inlet and outlet inside, so the cooling unit 5 can be directly connected to the corresponding coolant inlet through the cooling pipe 6.

[0026] Example 2 As one embodiment, the cabinet shell 1 is divided into three cavities—upper, middle, and lower—by two partitions. The lower cavity is used to install the cooling unit 5, the middle cavity is used to install the battery module 2 and the BMS module 7, and the upper cavity is used to install the PCS module 3 and the MPPT module 4. This achieves physical isolation between the electrical unit, the battery unit, and the heat dissipation unit, and optimizes the functional modularization and layout of the cabinet. This not only reduces internal interference but also significantly reduces the overall size of the device and saves installation space.

[0027] In addition, a smoke and temperature detector 10 is installed on the top surface of the cavity in the middle of the cabinet shell 1. When the battery short-circuits, abnormally generates smoke, or heats up, it can alarm to remind staff to arrange for timely handling or simultaneously activate the fire extinguishing system.

[0028] Specifically, the cabinet door of the cabinet shell 1 is equipped with a pressure relief valve 11. When an explosion occurs inside the equipment due to an accident and the pressure exceeds the pressure relief valve's set pressure, the valve will automatically open to relieve pressure, ensuring that the equipment is kept below the set pressure, protecting the equipment's safety and preventing accidents.

[0029] In addition, the inner surface of the cabinet shell 1 is covered with a layer of rock wool, and the outer surface of the cabinet shell 1 is coated with an aerogel heat insulation coating to ensure that the internal temperature rises very little under sunlight, thereby ensuring that the battery operates at the specified temperature without accidents.

[0030] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device, characterized in that, The enclosure includes a cabinet shell (1), and inside the cabinet shell (1) are a battery module (2), a BMS module (7), a PCS module (3), an MPPT module (4), a cooling unit (5), and cooling pipes (6); wherein the information transmission end of the battery module (2) is electrically connected to the BMS module (7), the charging end of the battery module (2) is electrically connected to the PCS module (3) and the MPPT module (4) respectively, the discharging end of the battery module (2) is electrically connected to the PCS module (3), and the power output end of the PCS module (3) is electrically connected to the load side. Connection; the information transmission end of the BMS module (7) is electrically connected to the PCS module (3) and the MPPT module (4) respectively. The PCS module (3) is electrically connected to the grid side, and the MPPT module (4) is electrically connected to the solar panel. The control end of the cooling unit (5) is electrically connected to the BMS module (7). The liquid outlet of the cooling unit (5) is connected to the cooling pipe (6). The cooling pipe (6) is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery module (2). The coolant outlet of the battery module (2) is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling unit (5).

2. The liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabinet shell (1) is divided into three cavities: upper, middle and lower, by two partitions; the lower cavity is used to install the cooling unit (5), the middle cavity is used to install the battery module (2) and the BMS module (7), and the upper cavity is used to install the PCS module (3) and the MPPT module (4).

3. The liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A smoke and temperature sensor (10) is installed on the top surface of the cavity in the middle of the cabinet shell (1).

4. The liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cabinet door of the cabinet shell (1) is equipped with a vent valve (11).

5. The liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the cabinet shell (1) is covered with a layer of rock wool, and the outer surface of the cabinet shell (1) is coated with an aerogel heat insulation coating.

6. The liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PCS module (3) is electrically connected to the power grid side via an AC circuit breaker (8).

7. The liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MPPT module (4) is electrically connected to the solar panel via a DC circuit breaker (9).

8. The liquid-cooled photovoltaic energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery module (2) is composed of multiple battery packs connected in parallel, and each battery pack is connected to a BMS module (7). The multiple BMS modules (7) are connected in series and electrically connected to the PCS module (3) and the MPPT module (4) respectively.

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