A power supply circuit and its energy storage power source

Abstract

This utility model discloses a power supply circuit and its energy storage power source. The circuit includes a switching module, an auxiliary power supply module, a fault detection module, a bypass power supply module, and a control module. The switching module conducts in response to the supply voltage, transmitting voltage to the auxiliary power supply module, and stops transmission in response to a fault signal. The auxiliary power supply module converts the supply voltage into a first output voltage, and then into a second output voltage to power the control module. The fault detection module detects whether the first output voltage is less than a reference voltage; if so, it outputs a fault signal. The bypass power supply module conducts in response to the fault signal, converting the supply voltage into a second output voltage to power the control module. In this utility model embodiment, when the output voltage of the auxiliary power supply module is abnormal, a fault signal is triggered, causing the switching module to shut down, cutting off the power supply to the auxiliary power supply module, and enabling the bypass power supply module to conduct and power the control module, thereby avoiding damage to the auxiliary power supply components and improving the safety of the energy storage power source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage power supply, and in particular to a power supply circuit and its energy storage power supply. Background Technology

[0002] With the introduction of the dual-carbon policy, new energy will undoubtedly become the main driving force. Energy storage power supplies, as one of the new energy products, are also favored by consumers. Auxiliary power supplies, as an important component of energy storage power supplies, power key modules such as control chips (MCUs). Currently, the auxiliary power supply of energy storage power supplies draws power directly from the battery pack output. The battery pack voltage (BAT+) is converted to 12V through the auxiliary power supply circuit, and then the 12V voltage is converted to 3.3V through the DC-DC1 circuit to power the MCU.

[0003] Energy storage power supplies need to store and record their current operating status, communication information, and other important data during operation and power-off. They should also report relevant fault information if an abnormality occurs. However, current energy storage power supply designs often result in a lack of 12V and 3.3V voltage when the auxiliary power supply malfunctions. This forces the MCU to shut down, preventing the storage and recording of the aforementioned information and important data, and thus failing to report fault information. Consequently, maintenance personnel cannot access relevant fault information, leading to data loss in the background. Furthermore, when the auxiliary power supply malfunctions due to a short circuit, it essentially short-circuits the battery pack output. This causes a large current, resulting in severe overheating and even burning of the auxiliary power supply, potentially opening up the circuitry or components and preventing further short-circuiting of the battery pack output. In conclusion, the safety and reliability of the energy storage power supply are compromised when the auxiliary power supply is in an abnormal operating condition. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem solved by this utility model embodiment is to provide a power supply circuit and its energy storage power supply, which can solve at least some of the defects existing in the power supply circuit of the existing energy storage power supply.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a power supply circuit, comprising: a switching module, an auxiliary power supply module, a fault detection module, a bypass power supply module, and a control module; the switching module is connected to the power supply and configured to transmit the power supply voltage to the auxiliary power supply module in response to the power supply voltage of the power supply being turned on; and to stop transmitting the power supply voltage in response to a fault signal being turned off; the auxiliary power supply module is configured to convert the power supply voltage into a first output voltage and convert the first output voltage into a second output voltage to power the control module; the fault detection module is connected to the auxiliary power supply module, the switching module, the bypass power supply module, and the control module, and is configured to output the fault signal when the first output voltage is less than a reference voltage; the bypass power supply module is connected to the power supply and configured to convert the power supply voltage into the second output voltage to power the control module in response to the fault signal being turned on.

[0006] Optionally, the bypass power supply module includes a bypass switch unit and a second voltage conversion unit. The bypass switch unit is connected to the power supply and the second voltage conversion unit, and the second voltage conversion unit is connected to the control module. The bypass switch unit is configured to transmit the power supply voltage to the second voltage conversion unit in response to the fault signal. The second voltage conversion unit is configured to convert the power supply voltage into a second output voltage to power the control module.

[0007] Optionally, the bypass switch unit includes a first switch transistor, a second switch transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor; the source of the first switch transistor and the first end of the first resistor are connected to the positive terminal of the power supply; the gate of the first switch transistor, the second end of the first resistor, and the first end of the second resistor are connected; the drain of the first switch transistor is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage conversion unit; the second end of the second resistor is connected to the collector of the second switch transistor; the base of the second switch transistor, the first end of the third resistor, and the first end of the fourth resistor are connected; the emitter of the second switch transistor and the second end of the fourth resistor are connected to the negative terminal of the power supply; and the second end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the fault detection module.

[0008] Optionally, the switching module includes a first switching unit and a second switching unit. The first switching unit is connected to the power supply, the second switching unit, and the auxiliary power supply module. The second switching unit is connected to the fault detection module. The first switching unit is configured to transmit the power supply voltage to the auxiliary power supply module in response to the power supply voltage being turned on. The second switching unit is configured to send a shutdown signal to the first switching unit in response to the fault signal being turned on, so as to shut down the first switching unit.

[0009] Optionally, the first switching unit includes a third switching transistor, a fourth switching transistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, and a seventh resistor; the source of the third switching transistor, the first end of the fifth resistor, and the first end of the seventh resistor are connected to the positive terminal of the power supply; the gate of the third switching transistor, the second end of the fifth resistor, and the first end of the sixth resistor are connected; the drain of the third switching transistor is connected to the input terminal of the auxiliary power supply module; the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the collector of the fourth switching transistor; the base of the fourth switching transistor and the second end of the seventh resistor are connected to the output terminal of the second switching unit; and the emitter of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0010] Optionally, the second switching unit includes a fifth switching transistor, a ninth resistor, and a tenth resistor; the drain of the fifth switching transistor and the first end of the ninth resistor are connected to the signal input terminal of the first switching unit, the gate of the fifth switching transistor and the first end of the tenth resistor are connected to the output terminal of the fault detection module, and the source of the fifth switching transistor, the second end of the ninth resistor, and the second end of the tenth resistor are connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0011] Optionally, the fault detection module includes a first comparator and an eighth resistor; the non-inverting input of the first comparator is connected to the reference voltage, the inverting input of the first comparator is connected to the first output of the auxiliary power supply module, the positive terminal of the power supply of the first comparator and the second terminal of the eighth resistor are connected to the driving voltage, the negative terminal of the power supply of the first comparator is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the output of the first comparator and the first terminal of the eighth resistor are connected to the input of the control module.

[0012] Optionally, the auxiliary power module includes an auxiliary power unit and a first voltage conversion unit. The auxiliary power unit is connected to the switching module, the first voltage conversion unit, and the fault detection module. The first voltage conversion unit is also connected to the bypass power supply module and the control module. The auxiliary power unit is configured to convert the supply voltage into a first output voltage. The first voltage conversion unit is configured to convert the first output voltage into a second output voltage to power the control module.

[0013] Optionally, the control module includes a control chip, a first diode, an eleventh resistor, and a twelfth resistor; the anode of the first diode is connected to the output terminal of the fault detection module, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the eleventh resistor, the second end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the first end of the twelfth resistor and the signal input terminal of the control chip, and the second end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0014] Secondly, this utility model provides an energy storage power supply, including: the power supply circuit as described in the first aspect.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment are as follows: Unlike the prior art, when the output voltage of the auxiliary power module is abnormal, this utility model embodiment triggers the fault detection module to output a fault signal, causing the switch module to shut down, cutting off the power supply to the auxiliary power module, and turning on the bypass power supply module to supply power to the control module, thereby avoiding damage to the auxiliary power module components and improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switch module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an auxiliary power supply module provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bypass power supply module provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, a power supply circuit 100 is provided, the schematic diagram of which is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit 100 includes a switch module 110, an auxiliary power supply module 120, a fault detection module 130, a bypass power supply module 150, and a control module 140.

[0021] The input terminal of the switch module 110 is connected to the output terminal of the power supply 200. The output terminal of the switch module 110 is connected to the input terminal of the auxiliary power supply module 120. The first output terminal of the auxiliary power supply module 120 is connected to the input terminal of the fault detection module 130. The second output terminal of the auxiliary power supply module 120 is connected to the input terminal of the control module 140. The output terminal of the fault detection module 130 is connected to the signal input terminals of the switch module 110, the control module 140, and the bypass power supply module 150, respectively. The input terminal of the bypass power supply module 150 is connected to the power supply 200. The output terminal of the bypass power supply module 150 is connected to the input terminal of the control module 140.

[0022] Specifically, the switch module 110 is configured to transmit the supply voltage to the auxiliary power module 120 in response to the supply voltage being turned on by the power supply 200. By way of example and not limitation, when the power supply 200 provides a normal supply voltage, the switch module 110 establishes a conducting state upon receiving the supply voltage signal, transmitting the supply voltage from the power supply 200 to the auxiliary power module 120. In some embodiments of this application, the switch module 110 is also configured to turn off in response to a fault signal, stopping the transmission of the supply voltage. It is easy to understand that when the switch module 110 receives a fault signal, its internal switching element switches from a conducting state to an open state, thereby interrupting the electrical connection between the power supply 200 and the auxiliary power module 120, preventing circuit damage that might be caused by continuous power supply under fault conditions.

[0023] Specifically, the auxiliary power module 120 is configured to convert the supply voltage received from the switching module 110 into a first output voltage. By way of example, and not limitation, the auxiliary power module 120 internally includes a voltage conversion circuit capable of converting the supply voltage provided by the power supply 200 into a preset first output voltage value. In some embodiments of this application, the auxiliary power module 120 is further configured to convert the first output voltage into a second output voltage for powering the control module 140. By way of example, and not limitation, the auxiliary power module 120 outputs a second output voltage suitable for the operating requirements of the control module 140 through multi-stage voltage conversion.

[0024] Specifically, the fault detection module 130 is configured to output a fault signal when the first output voltage is less than a reference voltage. By way of example and not limitation, the fault detection module 130 monitors whether the first output voltage of the auxiliary power module 120 is within its normal operating range. In some embodiments of this application, the fault detection module 130 compares the first output voltage with a preset reference voltage to achieve real-time monitoring of the operating status of the auxiliary power module 120. When it detects that the first output voltage is lower than the reference voltage, it determines that the auxiliary power module 120 has malfunctioned and outputs a corresponding fault signal.

[0025] Specifically, the bypass power supply module 150 is configured to conduct in response to a fault signal and convert the supply voltage into a second output voltage to power the control module 140. By way of example and not limitation, the bypass power supply module 150 is used to establish a backup power supply path upon receiving a fault signal, i.e., to establish an electrical connection with the power supply 200 in response to the fault signal output by the fault detection module 130. In some embodiments of this application, the bypass power supply module 150 is further configured to convert the supply voltage received from the power supply 200 into a second output voltage to directly power the control module 140.

[0026] When the auxiliary power module 120 fails, the bypass power supply module 150 can independently provide a stable power supply to the control module 140, ensuring that the control module 140 can still work normally under abnormal auxiliary power conditions.

[0027] In some embodiments of this application, the control module 140 receives a second output voltage from the auxiliary power module 120 or the bypass power module 150 for power supply. Specifically, under normal operating conditions, the control module 140 is powered by the second output voltage provided by the auxiliary power module 120; when the fault detection module 130 detects an abnormality in the auxiliary power supply and outputs a fault signal, the control module 140 switches to being powered by the second output voltage provided by the bypass power module 150. As an example and not a limitation, the control module 140 is further configured to execute a fault handling procedure in response to a fault signal received from the fault detection module 130 after receiving a stable power supply. It is easy to understand that when the control module 140 receives a fault signal, it first completes the storage operation of the current operating parameters, then reports the fault information to the superior system or maintenance personnel, and finally controls the energy storage power supply to perform a power-down operation to ensure the safe shutdown of the energy storage power supply.

[0028] In some embodiments of this application, a switch module 110 is provided, the structural schematic of which is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the switch module 110 includes a first switch unit 111 and a second switch unit 112. The input terminal of the first switch unit 111 is connected to the power supply 200, the output terminal of the first switch unit 111 is connected to the input terminal of the auxiliary power supply module 120, the signal input terminal of the first switch unit 111 is connected to the output terminal of the second switch unit 112, and the input terminal of the second switch unit 112 is connected to the output terminal of the fault detection module 130.

[0029] Specifically, the first switching unit 111 is configured to conduct in response to the power supply voltage provided by the power supply 200, establishing an electrical path between the power supply 200 and the auxiliary power module 120, and transmitting the power supply voltage to the auxiliary power module 130. In some embodiments of this application, when the power supply 200 outputs a normal power supply voltage, the switching element inside the first switching unit 111 receives the power supply voltage signal and switches to the conducting state, effectively transmitting the power supply voltage from the power supply 200 to the auxiliary power module 120. As the main power path control unit, the first switching unit 111 remains in the conducting state under normal operating conditions, ensuring that the auxiliary power module 120 can stably receive the power supply voltage from the power supply 200.

[0030] The second switching unit 112 is configured to send a shutdown signal to the first switching unit 111 in response to a fault signal received from the fault detection module 130, thereby shutting down the first switching unit 111. In some embodiments of this application, when the second switching unit 112 receives a fault signal, its internal switching element switches from an off state to an on state, and then sends a shutdown signal to the first switching unit 111. The second switching unit 112 acts as a fault signal transmission and amplification unit, converting the fault detection signal from the fault detection module 130 into a shutdown signal that can effectively control the first switching unit 111.

[0031] In some embodiments of this application, the first switching unit 111 is further configured to receive a turn-off signal from the second switching unit 112 and perform a disconnection operation in response to the turn-off signal. Specifically, when the first switching unit 111 receives the turn-off signal sent by the second switching unit 112, its internal switching element switches from a conducting state to a disconnected state, thereby interrupting the electrical connection between the power supply 200 and the auxiliary power module 120. By way of example and not limitation, the turn-off signal can overcome the conduction effect of the power supply voltage on the first switching unit 111, ensuring that the first switching unit 111 can reliably disconnect in a fault state and preventing fault current from continuing to flow to the auxiliary power module 120.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, a priority control relationship is formed between the first switching unit 111 and the second switching unit 112, wherein the shutdown signal output by the second switching unit 112 has a higher control priority than the supply voltage. Specifically, when the supply voltage and the shutdown signal act simultaneously on the first switching unit 111, the control effect of the shutdown signal is dominant, ensuring that the first switching unit 111 can disconnect in a timely manner after receiving a fault signal, without being affected by the continuous conduction of the supply voltage.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, an auxiliary power module 120 is provided, the structural schematic of which is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the auxiliary power module 120 includes an auxiliary power unit 121 and a first voltage conversion unit 122. The input terminal of the auxiliary power unit 121 is connected to the output terminal of the switch module 110, the output terminal of the auxiliary power unit 121 is connected to the input terminal of the first voltage conversion unit 122 and the input terminal of the fault detection module 130, and the output terminal of the first voltage conversion unit 122 is connected to the input terminal of the control module 140.

[0034] Specifically, the auxiliary power supply unit 121 is configured to receive the supply voltage transmitted from the switching module 110 and convert the supply voltage into a preset first output voltage. In some embodiments of this application, the auxiliary power supply unit 121 includes a voltage conversion circuit that can step down, boost, or regulate the supply voltage from the power supply to output a stable first output voltage.

[0035] The first voltage conversion unit 122 is configured to receive a first output voltage from the auxiliary power supply unit 121 and convert the first output voltage into a second output voltage suitable for the operating requirements of the control module 140. In some embodiments of this application, the first voltage conversion unit 122 internally includes a precision voltage regulation circuit capable of further converting the first output voltage into the operating voltage level required by the control module 140.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, an auxiliary power supply unit 121 establishes a signal connection with the fault detection module 130, transmitting the first output voltage to the fault detection module 130 for status monitoring. Specifically, the fault detection module 130 determines whether the auxiliary power supply unit 121 is operating normally by monitoring the voltage value of the first output voltage. As an example and not a limitation, when the auxiliary power supply unit 121 is operating normally, the first output voltage is maintained within a preset range; when the auxiliary power supply unit 121 malfunctions, the first output voltage deviates from the normal range, and the fault detection module 130 outputs a fault signal accordingly.

[0037] In some embodiments of this application, under normal operating conditions, the first voltage conversion unit 122 provides a second output voltage to the control module 140; when the auxiliary power supply module 120 fails, the bypass power supply module 150 takes over the power supply function of the first voltage conversion unit 122 and directly provides the second output voltage to the control module 140. By way of example and not limitation, the first voltage conversion unit 122 and the bypass power supply module 150 form a primary / backup power supply relationship to ensure that the control module 140 can obtain a stable power supply under any operating condition.

[0038] In some embodiments of this application, the auxiliary power supply unit 121 and the first voltage conversion unit 122 are cascaded, with the first output voltage serving as an intermediate voltage between the two units. Specifically, the first output voltage output by the auxiliary power supply unit 121 serves as both the input signal to the first voltage conversion unit 122 and the monitoring signal to the fault detection module 130, thus achieving an organic combination of voltage conversion and status monitoring.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, a bypass power supply module 140 is provided, the structural schematic of which is shown below. Figure 4As shown, the bypass power supply module 150 includes a bypass switch unit 151 and a second voltage conversion unit 152. The input terminal of the bypass switch unit 151 is connected to the output terminal of the power supply 200, the output terminal of the bypass switch unit 151 is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage conversion unit 152, the signal input terminal of the bypass switch unit 151 is connected to the output terminal of the fault detection module 130, and the output terminal of the second voltage conversion unit 152 is connected to the input terminal of the control module 140.

[0040] Specifically, the bypass switch unit 151 is configured to remain in an open state until a fault signal is received, thus preventing the establishment of an electrical path between the power supply 200 and the second voltage conversion unit 152. In some embodiments of this application, the bypass switch unit 151 internally includes a switch control circuit capable of determining whether the switching element is turned on or off based on the state of an external control signal. As a gating unit for the backup power supply path, the bypass switch unit 151 remains in a closed state under normal operating conditions to avoid parallel interference with the main power supply path.

[0041] Specifically, the bypass switch unit 151 is further configured to turn on in response to a fault signal received from the fault detection module 130. As an example, and not a limitation, when the fault detection module 130 detects an abnormality in the auxiliary power module and outputs a fault signal, the bypass switch unit 151, upon receiving the fault signal, switches its internal switching element from an open state to a closed state, establishing an electrical connection between the power supply 200 and the second voltage conversion unit 152. In some embodiments of this application, the turning action of the bypass switch unit 151 and the disconnecting action of the switch module 110 are timed to ensure that the backup power supply path is established promptly while the main power supply path is disconnected. It is easy to understand that the bypass switch unit 151 achieves automatic switching by responding to a fault signal, effectively transmitting the power supply voltage from the power supply 200 to the second voltage conversion unit 152.

[0042] The second voltage conversion unit 152 is configured to receive the supply voltage transmitted from the bypass switch unit 151 and convert the supply voltage into a second output voltage suitable for the operating requirements of the control module 140. In some embodiments of this application, the second voltage conversion unit 152 includes a voltage regulation circuit that can directly convert the supply voltage provided by the power supply 200 into the second output voltage required by the control module 140 without going through the multi-stage conversion process of the auxiliary power supply module.

[0043] In some embodiments of this application, the second voltage conversion unit 152 is configured to output a second output voltage of the same specifications as the first voltage conversion unit of the auxiliary power module 120. Specifically, the second output voltage output by the second voltage conversion unit 152 is consistent with the second output voltage received by the control module 140 under normal operating conditions in terms of voltage value, current capability, and voltage stability, ensuring that the control module 140 can smoothly transition during power switching.

[0044] It is easy to understand that, through the coordinated operation of the bypass switch unit 151 and the second voltage conversion unit 152, the bypass power supply module 150 achieves a backup power supply function independent of the auxiliary power supply module 120. Under normal operating conditions, the bypass switch unit 151 remains open, and the bypass power supply module 150 is in standby mode; when the fault detection module 130 detects an abnormality in the auxiliary power supply, the bypass switch unit 151 quickly turns on, and the second voltage conversion unit 152 immediately provides a stable second output voltage to the control module 140.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, the bypass switch unit 151 and the second voltage conversion unit 152 are cascaded. The power supply voltage enters the second voltage conversion unit 152 for voltage conversion after being controlled by the bypass switch unit 151. As an example and not a limitation, when the bypass switch unit 151 receives a fault signal and turns on, the power supply voltage of the power supply 200 can be stably transmitted to the second voltage conversion unit 152, and after voltage conversion, it provides a continuous and reliable power supply to the control module 140.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, a power supply circuit is provided, the circuit schematic of which is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, specifically, the bypass switch unit 151 includes a first switch Q1, a second switch Q2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4. The source of the first switch Q1 and the first terminal of the first resistor R1 are connected to the positive terminal BAT+ of the power supply 200. The gate of the first switch Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1 and the first terminal of the second resistor R2. The drain of the first switch Q1 is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage conversion unit 152, and the second terminal of the second resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the second switch Q2.

[0047] As an example and not a limitation, the first switch Q1 adopts a P-channel MOSFET structure, and its conduction state is controlled by the gate voltage. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 form a voltage divider network to provide a suitable gate bias voltage for the first switch Q1.

[0048] Specifically, the base of the second switch Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor R3 and the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4. The emitter of the second switch Q2 and the second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 are connected to the negative terminal GND_BAT of the power supply 200. The second terminal of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal of the fault detection module 130 to receive the fault signal Fault_signal. In some embodiments of this application, when the fault signal is high, the second switch Q2 is turned on, and the second terminal of the second resistor R2 is pulled low, causing the gate voltage of the first switch Q1 to be lower than the source voltage, and the first switch Q1 is turned on, establishing a bypass power supply path.

[0049] In other embodiments of this application, the first switching unit 111 includes a third switching transistor Q3, a fourth switching transistor Q4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, and a seventh resistor R7. Specifically, the source of the third switching transistor Q3, the first terminal of the fifth resistor R5, and the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7 are connected to the positive terminal BAT+ of the power supply 200. The gate of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to the second terminal of the fifth resistor R5 and the first terminal of the sixth resistor R6. The drain of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to the input terminal of the auxiliary power supply unit 121, and the second terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the collector of the fourth switching transistor Q4.

[0050] As an example rather than a limitation, the third switch Q3 also adopts a P-channel MOSFET structure. Under normal conditions, the base of the fourth switch Q4 is made high through the seventh resistor R7, and the fourth switch Q4 is turned on. The voltage division of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 turns on the third switch Q3.

[0051] Specifically, the second switching unit 112 includes a fifth switching transistor Q5, a ninth resistor R9, and a tenth resistor R10. The drain of the fifth switching transistor Q5 and the first end of the ninth resistor R9 are connected to the base of the fourth switching transistor Q4, and the gate of the fifth switching transistor Q5 and the first end of the tenth resistor R10 are connected to the output terminal of the fault detection module 130. The source of the fifth switching transistor Q5, the second end of the ninth resistor R9, and the second end of the tenth resistor R10 are connected to the negative terminal GND_BAT of the power supply 200. In some embodiments of this application, when the fault signal is high, the fifth switching transistor Q5 is turned on, pulling the base of the fourth switching transistor Q4 low, causing the fourth switching transistor Q4 to be turned off, and the third switching transistor Q3 to be turned off, thus cutting off the main power supply path.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, the fault detection module 130 includes a first comparator U1 and an eighth resistor R8. Specifically, the non-inverting input of the first comparator U1 is connected to a reference voltage Vref, and the inverting input of the first comparator U1 is connected to the first output of the auxiliary power supply unit 121 to receive a 12V voltage signal. The positive terminal VCC of the first comparator U1 and the second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 are connected to a driving voltage, and the negative terminal of the first comparator U1 is connected to the negative terminal GND_BAT of the power supply 200. The output of the first comparator U1 and the first terminal of the eighth resistor R8 are connected to the input of the control module 140 to output a fault signal Fault_signal. In some embodiments of this application, when the 12V voltage is lower than the reference voltage Vref (e.g., 5V), the first comparator U1 outputs a high level, generating a fault signal.

[0053] In some embodiments of this application, the control module 140 includes a control chip 141, a first diode D1, an eleventh resistor R11, and a twelfth resistor R12. Specifically, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the output terminal of the fault detection module 130, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first end of the eleventh resistor R11. The second end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the first end of the twelfth resistor R12 are connected to the signal input terminal of the control chip 141, and the second end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the negative terminal GND_BAT of the power supply 200. In some embodiments of this application, the first diode D1 serves as a signal isolation and rectification unit, and the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12 form a voltage divider circuit to provide a suitable fault signal level for the control chip 141.

[0054] The working principle of the power supply circuit 100 is as follows: Specifically, when the energy storage power supply is powered on and the auxiliary power module is working normally, the BAT+ voltage of the power supply 200, through the seventh resistor R7, makes the base of the fourth switch Q4 high. After the fourth switch Q4 is turned on, the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 divide the voltage, and the gate voltage of the third switch Q3 is lower than the source voltage, that is, the Vgs voltage is the voltage across the fifth resistor R5. The third switch Q3 is turned on, and the BAT+ voltage at the battery pack output terminal supplies power to the auxiliary power unit 121 through the third switch Q3.

[0055] When the auxiliary power supply unit 121 is working normally, it outputs a 12V voltage. Since the actual 12V voltage is greater than the reference voltage Vref (e.g., 5V), the first comparator U1 outputs a low level. The fault signal Fault_signal received by the control chip 141 is low, and no fault information is reported. The base of the second switch Q2 is low, so the second switch Q2 is off. The gate voltage of the first switch Q1 is equal to the source voltage, so the first switch Q1 is off. The second voltage conversion unit 152, which supplies power to the control chip 141 alone, does not work. The gate of the fifth switch Q5 is low, so the fifth switch Q5 is off, and the entire energy storage power supply is in a normal power supply state.

[0056] When the energy storage power supply is powered on or when the auxiliary power supply malfunctions during operation, the actual 12V voltage will be lower than the reference voltage Vref, and the first comparator U1 will output a high level. As an example, and not a limitation, when the gate of the fifth switch Q5 is high, Q5 conducts, pulling the base of the fourth switch Q4 low, causing Q4 to turn off. The gate voltage of the third switch Q3 equals its source voltage, causing Q3 to turn off, and the battery pack output voltage (BAT+) stops supplying power to the auxiliary power supply unit 121.

[0057] Meanwhile, the base of the second switch Q2 is at a high level, turning on Q2. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 divide the voltage, making the gate voltage of the first switch Q1 lower than its source voltage. That is, the Vgs voltage is the voltage across the first resistor R1, and Q1 is turned on. Specifically, the second voltage conversion unit 152 is powered by the battery pack output terminal BAT+ voltage through the first switch Q1, outputting a 3.3V voltage to power the control chip 141.

[0058] After completing the above switching action, the control chip 141, with the power support provided by the second voltage conversion unit 152, stores and records the current operating status, communication information, and important data. Simultaneously, the control chip 141 receives a high-level fault signal (Fault_signal), reports the fault information, and then controls the energy storage power supply to automatically power down to ensure its safety.

[0059] Unlike existing technologies, this embodiment of the invention triggers a fault detection module to output a fault signal when the output voltage of the auxiliary power module is abnormal. This causes the switch module to shut down, cutting off the power supply to the auxiliary power module, and turns on the bypass power supply module to supply power to the control module. This avoids damage to the auxiliary power module components and improves the safety and reliability of the energy storage power supply.

[0060] Based on the power supply circuit provided in the above embodiments, this application also provides an energy storage power supply, which includes the power supply circuit provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0061] It should be noted that while the preferred embodiments of this utility model are provided in the specification and accompanying drawings, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are not intended to impose additional limitations on the content of this utility model; their purpose is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of this utility model. Furthermore, the above-described technical features can be combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, all of which are considered to be within the scope of this utility model specification. Moreover, those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that, include: Switching module, auxiliary power supply module, fault detection module, bypass power supply module, and control module; The switching module is connected to the power supply and is configured to transmit the power supply voltage to the auxiliary power supply module in response to the power supply voltage being turned on. And in response to a fault signal, the power supply voltage is shut off and transmission is stopped; The auxiliary power module is configured to convert the supply voltage into a first output voltage, and the first output voltage into a second output voltage to power the control module; The fault detection module is connected to the auxiliary power module, the switch module, the bypass power supply module and the control module, and is configured to output the fault signal when the first output voltage is less than the reference voltage; The bypass power supply module is connected to the power supply and is configured to conduct in response to the fault signal and convert the power supply voltage into the second output voltage to power the control module.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bypass power supply module includes a bypass switch unit and a second voltage conversion unit. The bypass switch unit is connected to the power supply and the second voltage conversion unit, and the second voltage conversion unit is connected to the control module. The bypass switch unit is configured to conduct in response to the fault signal and transmit the supply voltage to the second voltage conversion unit; The second voltage conversion unit is configured to convert the supply voltage into a second output voltage to power the control module.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bypass switch unit includes a first switch transistor, a second switch transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor; The source of the first switching transistor and the first end of the first resistor are connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The gate of the first switching transistor, the second end of the first resistor, and the first end of the second resistor are connected. The drain of the first switching transistor is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage conversion unit. The second end of the second resistor is connected to the collector of the second switching transistor. The base of the second switching transistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor. The emitter of the second switching transistor and the second end of the fourth resistor are connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The second end of the third resistor is connected to the output terminal of the fault detection module.

4. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes a first switching unit and a second switching unit. The first switching unit is connected to the power supply, the second switching unit and the auxiliary power supply module. The second switching unit is connected to the fault detection module. The first switching unit is configured to transmit the supply voltage to the auxiliary power module in response to the supply voltage being turned on; The second switching unit is configured to send a shutdown signal to the first switching unit in response to the fault signal being turned on, so as to shut down the first switching unit.

5. The circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first switching unit includes a third switching transistor, a fourth switching transistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, and a seventh resistor; The source of the third switch, the first end of the fifth resistor, and the first end of the seventh resistor are connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The gate of the third switch, the second end of the fifth resistor, and the first end of the sixth resistor are connected. The drain of the third switch is connected to the input terminal of the auxiliary power module. The second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the collector of the fourth switch, the base of the fourth switch and the second end of the seventh resistor are connected to the output terminal of the second switch unit, and the emitter of the fourth switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

6. The circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second switching unit includes a fifth switching transistor, a ninth resistor, and a tenth resistor; The drain of the fifth switch and the first end of the ninth resistor are connected to the signal input terminal of the first switch unit. The gate of the fifth switch and the first end of the tenth resistor are connected to the output terminal of the fault detection module. The source of the fifth switch, the second end of the ninth resistor, and the second end of the tenth resistor are connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

7. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fault detection module includes a first comparator and an eighth resistor; The non-inverting input of the first comparator is connected to the reference voltage, the inverting input of the first comparator is connected to the first output of the auxiliary power supply module, the positive power supply terminal of the first comparator and the second terminal of the eighth resistor are connected to the driving voltage, the negative power supply terminal of the first comparator is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the output of the first comparator and the first terminal of the eighth resistor are connected to the input of the control module.

8. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary power module includes an auxiliary power unit and a first voltage conversion unit. The auxiliary power unit is connected to the switch module, the first voltage conversion unit and the fault detection module. The first voltage conversion unit is also connected to the bypass power supply module and the control module. The auxiliary power supply unit is configured to convert the supply voltage into a first output voltage; The first voltage conversion unit is configured to convert the first output voltage into a second output voltage to power the control module.

9. The circuit according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The control module includes a control chip, a first diode, an eleventh resistor, and a twelfth resistor; The anode of the first diode is connected to the output terminal of the fault detection module, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the eleventh resistor, the second end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the first end of the twelfth resistor and the signal input terminal of the control chip, and the second end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

10. An energy storage power source, characterized in that, include: The power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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