underwater acoustic data acquisition system

Abstract

This invention provides an underwater acoustic data acquisition system, comprising: an underwater data acquisition subsystem for acquiring underwater data; a communication buoy subsystem connected to the underwater data acquisition subsystem for receiving underwater data and equipped with a first 5G communication module and a first BeiDou communication module; and an information receiving and display subsystem equipped with a second 5G communication module and a second BeiDou communication module, establishing a communication link with the first BeiDou communication module through the second BeiDou communication module to send a communication mode switching command; the communication buoy subsystem, according to the communication mode switching command or preset conditions, establishes a communication link with the second 5G communication module or the first BeiDou communication module through the first 5G communication module and the second 5G communication module, or with the second BeiDou communication module, and uploads the underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem; the information receiving and display subsystem receives, displays, and stores the underwater data, improving the real-time performance and reliability of underwater acoustic data acquisition and reducing system costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of underwater acoustic data technology, and specifically to an underwater acoustic data acquisition system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of marine science, resource exploration and environmental monitoring, higher requirements have been placed on the real-time and reliable acquisition of marine acoustic data.

[0003] Currently, common underwater acoustic data acquisition systems are mainly divided into two types: self-contained and satellite communication-based. Self-contained underwater acoustic data acquisition systems store data internally within underwater equipment, requiring retrieval of the equipment to access the data. This method results in significant delays in data analysis and poor real-time performance; furthermore, frequent retrieval operations not only easily cause physical damage to the equipment but also significantly increase maintenance costs. Satellite communication-based underwater acoustic data acquisition systems, such as the Iridium system, while enabling remote data transmission, have significant drawbacks: First, Iridium communication bandwidth is expensive, making it uneconomical; second, conventional systems often use a single communication link, and a failure in this link directly leads to data loss, resulting in low reliability; third, such systems typically lack local data storage capabilities, leading to insufficient data integrity guarantees.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field for a comprehensive solution that can balance real-time performance, reliability, and low cost to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide an underwater acoustic data acquisition system to solve the technical problems of low real-time performance, unreliable data, and high cost in existing underwater acoustic data acquisition technologies.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, in a first aspect, this utility model provides an underwater acoustic data acquisition system, comprising: The underwater data acquisition subsystem is used to collect underwater data. The communication buoy subsystem is communicatively connected to the underwater data acquisition subsystem for receiving underwater data and is equipped with a first 5G communication module and a first Beidou communication module. The information receiving and display subsystem is equipped with a second 5G communication module and a second Beidou communication module, which are used to establish a communication link with the first Beidou communication module through the second Beidou communication module in order to send communication mode switching instructions; The communication buoy subsystem is used to establish a communication link between the first 5G communication module and the second 5G communication module, or between the first Beidou communication module and the second Beidou communication module, according to the communication mode switching command or preset conditions, so as to upload the underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem. The information receiving and display subsystem is also used to receive, display and store the underwater data.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the underwater data is transmitted in real time to the communication buoy subsystem via a communication cable.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the underwater data includes underwater acoustic digital signal data and attitude data; the underwater data acquisition subsystem includes an acoustic array chamber, and a vector hydrophone, an analog-to-digital converter, and an attitude sensor disposed within the acoustic array chamber. The vector hydrophone is used to collect underwater acoustic analog signal data; The analog-to-digital converter is connected to the vector hydrophone and is used to convert the received underwater acoustic analog signal data into underwater acoustic digital signal data. The attitude sensor is used to collect attitude data from the underwater data acquisition subsystem.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the acoustic array cabin is a cylindrical structure with a circular base.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the communication buoy subsystem includes a data processing module, a power supply, and a power control module; The data processing module is connected to the first 5G communication module and the first Beidou communication module respectively, and is used to parse the communication mode switching command or determine the preset conditions, and control the switching of the communication link; The power supply provides power to the data processing module, the first 5G communication module, and the first Beidou communication module through the power control module.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the data processing module is further configured to, based on the received positioning information, determine that the communication buoy subsystem is within a near-shore 5G signal coverage area, and control the underwater data to establish a communication link between the first 5G communication module and the second 5G communication module to upload the underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem; and, When the communication buoy subsystem is located in an area with no 5G signal coverage in the open sea based on the received positioning information, it controls the switching to establish a communication link between the first Beidou communication module and the second Beidou communication module in order to upload the underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the communication buoy subsystem further includes a solar power module connected to the power source for charging the power source.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the communication buoy subsystem is a buoy system with two anchors deployed, and the buoy system is equipped with a radar reflector and a strobe light.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the information receiving and display subsystem includes a PC running underwater acoustic host computer software and Beidou host computer software. The underwater acoustic host computer software is used to display and store the time-domain waveform and frequency-domain waveform of the underwater acoustic digital signal data, as well as the waveform of the attitude data in real time. The Beidou host computer software is configured to display and store the real-time drift position data of the communication buoy subsystem, draw the latitude and longitude positioning trajectory of the communication buoy subsystem, and issue an early warning when the real-time drift position data exceeds the set range.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the preset condition is a 5G signal strength threshold; The communication buoy subsystem is used to establish an uplink through the first 5G communication module when it detects that its own 5G signal strength is higher than the 5G signal strength threshold; and... When the system detects that its 5G signal strength is lower than the 5G signal strength threshold, it automatically switches to establish an uplink through the first Beidou communication module.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: The underwater acoustic data acquisition system provided by this utility model includes: an underwater data acquisition subsystem for acquiring underwater data; a communication buoy subsystem, communicatively connected to the underwater data acquisition subsystem for receiving underwater data, and equipped with a first 5G communication module and a first Beidou communication module, thereby enabling real-time acquisition of underwater data, improving the real-time performance of underwater data acquisition, eliminating the need for frequent retrieval of the underwater data acquisition subsystem to retrieve underwater data, reducing costs, and allowing the low-cost, high-speed 5G communication and the low-cost, wide-area Beidou satellite to complement each other, reducing overall communication costs. Simultaneously, the dual-link redundant communication method, with 5G and Beidou serving as backups for each other, improves the reliability of communication transmission; and an information receiving and display subsystem, equipped with a second 5G communication module and a second Beidou communication module, for establishing a communication link with the first Beidou communication module through the second Beidou communication module to send... The communication mode switching command uses BeiDou communication as the downlink channel, ensuring wide coverage and reliable communication for the information receiving and display subsystem 30. The communication buoy subsystem, based on the communication mode switching command or preset conditions, establishes a communication link between the first 5G communication module and the second 5G communication module, or between the first BeiDou communication module and the second BeiDou communication module, to upload underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem. This achieves selective transmission of underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem via 5G or BeiDou satellite communication modes using mutually redundant 5G and BeiDou communication modules, ensuring full coverage of the data transmission range and reducing system costs. The information receiving and display subsystem also receives, displays, and stores underwater data, improving the real-time performance and reliability of underwater acoustic data while further reducing system costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the underwater acoustic data acquisition system provided by this utility model; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the underwater acoustic data acquisition system provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical problem solved by this utility model, the technical solution adopted, and the technical effect achieved clearer, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature include the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature include the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. In the description of this embodiment, the terms "above," "below," "left," and "right," etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for ease of description and simplification of operation, not to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0022] This utility model provides an underwater acoustic data acquisition system, which will be described in detail below.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the underwater acoustic data acquisition provided by this utility model is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the underwater acoustic data acquisition system includes: The underwater data acquisition subsystem 10 is used to acquire underwater data.

[0024] The underwater data acquisition subsystem 10 includes the acquisition of underwater acoustic data and its own attitude data.

[0025] The communication buoy subsystem 20 is communicatively connected to the underwater data acquisition subsystem 10, used to receive the underwater data, and is equipped with a first 5G communication module 21 and a first Beidou communication module 22.

[0026] The communication buoy subsystem 20 is a surface physical platform integrating multiple hardware modules, including the buoy body structure and internally integrated functional modules. The first 5G communication module 21 is an independent hardware module compliant with 5G communication standards, including an RF chip, a baseband processing chip, and an antenna interface.

[0027] The first Beidou communication module 22 is an independent hardware module that conforms to the Beidou communication standard, including Beidou radio frequency, baseband chip and antenna interface.

[0028] The inventors discovered through research that satellite communication-based underwater acoustic data acquisition systems, such as the Iridium system, are mostly based on a single communication link. A failure in this link directly leads to data loss, resulting in low reliability. Furthermore, such systems typically lack local data storage capabilities, leading to insufficient data integrity guarantees. In addition, using a single 5G communication system severely limits its operational range to the signal coverage of 5G base stations, restricting deployment to near-shore areas and limiting its application scenarios. Using a single BeiDou satellite communication system, however, is limited by short message lengths, resulting in a limited amount of data transmitted per transmission, and communication cannot be guaranteed in areas where signals are easily obstructed.

[0029] Specifically, the communication buoy subsystem 20 is communicatively connected to the underwater data acquisition subsystem 10 to receive underwater data, thereby enabling real-time acquisition of underwater data and improving the real-time performance of underwater data acquisition. The communication buoy subsystem 20 can receive underwater data transmitted by the underwater data acquisition subsystem 10; that is, the underwater data acquisition subsystem 10 itself does not store underwater data, thus eliminating the need for frequent retrieval of the underwater data acquisition subsystem 10 to retrieve underwater data, reducing costs. The communication buoy subsystem 20 is equipped with a first 5G communication module 21 and a first BeiDou communication module 22, enabling remote and dual-link communication. This allows the low-cost, high-speed nature of 5G communication and the low-cost, wide-area coverage of BeiDou satellites to complement each other, reducing overall communication costs. Simultaneously, the dual-link redundant communication method, with 5G and BeiDou serving as backups for each other, ensures data transmission even if one link fails, improving the reliability of communication transmission.

[0030] The information receiving and display subsystem 30 is equipped with a second 5G communication module 31 and a second Beidou communication module 32, which are used to establish a communication link with the first Beidou communication module 22 through the second Beidou communication module 32 to send communication mode switching instructions.

[0031] The communication mode switching command includes commands for two communication modes: 5G communication mode and BeiDou communication mode. The 5G communication mode is the mode of communication through the communication link established by the second 5G communication module 31 and the second BeiDou communication module 32. The BeiDou communication mode is the mode of communication through the communication link established by the second BeiDou communication module 32 and the first BeiDou communication module 22.

[0032] Specifically, since the BeiDou communication method has the advantages of wide coverage, relatively little impact from weather and terrain, and stable and reliable link, this embodiment establishes a communication link between the second BeiDou communication module 32 and the first BeiDou communication module 22 to send communication mode switching commands. That is, BeiDou communication is used as the downlink channel for commands, which can ensure the wide coverage and reliability of the information receiving and display subsystem 30.

[0033] The communication buoy subsystem 20 is used to establish a communication link between the first 5G communication module 21 and the second 5G communication module 31, or between the first Beidou communication module 22 and the second Beidou communication module 32, according to the communication mode switching command or preset conditions, so as to upload the underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem 30.

[0034] Specifically, the communication buoy subsystem 20 establishes a communication link with the second 5G communication module 31 through the first 5G communication module 21, or with the second 5G communication module 32 through the first Beidou communication module 22, based on communication mode switching instructions or preset conditions. This enables the selective transmission of underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem 30 via 5G or Beidou satellite communication modes using mutually redundant 5G and Beidou communication modules. Since the 5G and Beidou modules are physically and logically redundant, when one communication link (such as 5G) is interrupted due to weak base station signal, hardware failure, or network congestion, it can immediately switch to the other link (Beidou) to continue transmitting data. This ensures the reliability of underwater acoustic data acquisition by the underwater acoustic data acquisition system, guarantees full coverage of the data transmission range, and reduces system costs.

[0035] The information receiving and display subsystem 30 is also used to receive, display and store the underwater data.

[0036] Specifically, the information receiving and display subsystem 30 receives, displays, and stores underwater data, which improves the real-time performance and reliability of underwater acoustic data acquisition while reducing system costs.

[0037] The underwater acoustic data acquisition system provided in this embodiment includes: an underwater data acquisition subsystem for acquiring underwater data; a communication buoy subsystem, communicatively connected to the underwater data acquisition subsystem for receiving underwater data, and equipped with a first 5G communication module and a first BeiDou communication module, thereby enabling real-time acquisition of underwater data, improving the real-time performance of underwater data acquisition, eliminating the need for frequent retrieval of the underwater data acquisition subsystem to retrieve underwater data, reducing costs, and allowing the low-cost, high-speed 5G communication and the low-cost, wide-area BeiDou satellite communication to complement each other, reducing overall communication costs. Simultaneously, the dual-link redundant communication method, with 5G and BeiDou serving as backups for each other, improves the reliability of communication transmission; and an information receiving and display subsystem, equipped with a second 5G communication module and a second BeiDou communication module, for establishing a communication link with the first BeiDou communication module through the second BeiDou communication module to send... The communication mode switching command uses BeiDou communication as the downlink channel, ensuring wide coverage and reliable communication for the information receiving and display subsystem 30. The communication buoy subsystem, based on the communication mode switching command or preset conditions, establishes a communication link between the first 5G communication module and the second 5G communication module, or between the first BeiDou communication module and the second BeiDou communication module, to upload underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem. This achieves selective transmission of underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem via 5G or BeiDou satellite communication modes using mutually redundant 5G and BeiDou communication modules, ensuring full coverage of the data transmission range and reducing system costs. The information receiving and display subsystem also receives, displays, and stores underwater data, improving the real-time performance and reliability of underwater acoustic data while further reducing system costs.

[0038] In some embodiments, the underwater data is transmitted in real time to the communication buoy subsystem via a communication cable.

[0039] Specifically, the underwater data acquisition subsystem 10 is connected to the communication buoy subsystem 20. The underwater data acquisition subsystem 10 itself does not store data. That is, the acquired data is uploaded in real time after preprocessing, which improves the real-time performance of data acquisition. At the same time, there is no need to frequently retrieve the equipment to take out the data, which avoids the damage to the equipment itself caused by frequent equipment retrieval and the cost issues caused by equipment retrieval. It can also prevent the problem of data leakage.

[0040] In some embodiments, the underwater data includes underwater acoustic digital signal data and attitude data; the underwater data acquisition subsystem includes an acoustic array chamber, and a vector hydrophone, an analog-to-digital converter, and an attitude sensor disposed within the acoustic array chamber; the vector hydrophone is used to acquire underwater acoustic analog signal data; the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the vector hydrophone and is used to convert the received underwater acoustic analog signal data into underwater acoustic digital signal data; the attitude sensor is used to acquire the attitude data of the underwater data acquisition subsystem.

[0041] Vector hydrophones can operate in low-frequency ranges, such as 5-200Hz. However, higher frequencies attenuate faster, making it increasingly difficult to detect mid-to-high frequency signals over greater distances. Underwater targets utilize vibration damping and noise reduction techniques to control their noise levels below the mid-to-low frequency range. Therefore, using low-frequency vector hydrophones allows for better acquisition of underwater acoustic data.

[0042] Specifically, inside the acoustic array cabin, the following physical hardware modules are installed using mechanical fasteners such as screws and clamps: a vector hydrophone, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and an attitude sensor. The vector hydrophone is physically fixed to a specific position within the cabin via a suspension frame and is used to collect analog underwater acoustic signal data. The ADC, connected to the vector hydrophone, converts the received analog underwater acoustic signal data into digital underwater acoustic signal data, thereby reducing the amount of underwater acoustic data and facilitating bandwidth reduction during subsequent data transmission. The attitude sensor is fixed alongside the vector hydrophone and is used to collect the cabin's own attitude data, such as roll and pitch angles. The ADC and attitude sensor are connected to the communication buoy subsystem via a power and communication cable. This power and communication cable is physically fixed by a cable clamp and extends out of the acoustic array cabin through a cable guard.

[0043] In some embodiments, the acoustic array cabin is a cylindrical structure with a circular base.

[0044] Specifically, the acoustic array cabin is a cylindrical metal cabin with a circular base. The cylindrical structure combined with the circular base forms a streamlined profile, which provides resistance to trawling and silt burial. This improves the system's survivability and long-term operational stability in complex seabed environments, reduces the risk of equipment loss or damage due to trawling operations, and enhances its resistance to silt burial and attitude stability.

[0045] In some embodiments, the communication buoy subsystem includes a data processing module, a power supply, and a power control module; the data processing module is connected to the first 5G communication module and the first Beidou communication module respectively, and is used to parse the communication mode switching command or determine the preset conditions, and control the switching of the communication link; the power supply provides power to the data processing module, the first 5G communication module, and the first Beidou communication module through the power control module.

[0046] The data processing module is physically a microcontroller unit or embedded system-on-a-chip, which integrates a CPU core, memory, and multiple programmable general-purpose input / output pins and a serial communication interface. The first serial communication interface of this physical chip is electrically connected to the corresponding interface of the first 5G communication module via PCB traces, and the second serial communication interface of this physical chip is electrically connected to the corresponding interface of the first Beidou communication module via PCB traces.

[0047] Specifically, the power supply provides power to the data processing module, the first 5G communication module, and the first Beidou communication module through the power control module, ensuring a stable energy supply.

[0048] In some embodiments, the data processing module is further configured to, when determining from the received positioning information that the communication buoy subsystem is in a near-shore 5G signal coverage area, control the underwater data to establish a communication link between the first 5G communication module and the second 5G communication module to upload the underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem; and, when determining from the received positioning information that the communication buoy subsystem is in a far-shore area without 5G signal coverage, control the switching to establish a communication link between the first Beidou communication module and the second Beidou communication module to upload the underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem.

[0049] Specifically, the first Beidou communication module continuously receives Beidou satellite signals and calculates its own latitude and longitude coordinates, i.e., positioning information, through its internal positioning chip. This positioning information is transmitted in real time to the microcontroller of the data processing module via the physical line of the second serial communication interface. The microcontroller's internal memory stores the boundary coordinates of the geographic electronic fence as preset conditions (e.g., latitude and longitude threshold values ​​at a certain distance from the coastline). The microcontroller continuously compares the real-time received buoy latitude and longitude with the internally stored electronic fence boundary coordinates. When the comparison result determines that the buoy is located inside the electronic fence boundary (i.e., near the sea), the microcontroller outputs a high level through its GPIO pin. The system physically enables the data path of the first 5G communication module and controls data transmission through this module. It also controls the establishment of a communication link between the first and second 5G communication modules to upload underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem. When the comparison result indicates that the buoy is located outside the electronic fence boundary (i.e., the offshore side), the microcontroller outputs a low level through its GPIO pin to disable the 5G path, while simultaneously outputting another high level to physically enable the data path of the first Beidou communication module. This completes the link switch, controlling the establishment of a communication link between the first and second Beidou communication modules to upload underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem. This resolves the contradiction between near-shore performance and offshore coverage that a single communication module cannot simultaneously achieve, allowing the system to automatically select the best available communication method at any geographical location, thus optimizing the overall communication performance and economy of the system. Figure 2 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of an underwater acoustic data acquisition system.

[0050] In some embodiments, the communication buoy subsystem further includes a solar power module connected to the power source for charging the power source.

[0051] Specifically, the communication buoy subsystem also includes a solar power module connected to the power source for charging the power source, thus enabling it to be self-powered. The system can be deployed in any sea area without mains power coverage, including the open sea and the vicinity of remote islands, without having to consider expensive shore power connections or frequent ship resupply and maintenance.

[0052] In some embodiments, the communication buoy subsystem is a buoy system with two anchors deployed, and the buoy system is equipped with a radar reflector and a strobe light.

[0053] The anchoring points of the two anchors can be located in the middle of the lower half of the buoy body of the communication buoy subsystem. The anchoring of the two anchors makes the buoy more stable in the water, reduces its swing range and prevents it from rotating. The anchoring of the two anchors will not affect the equipment directly connected to the buoy, and will prevent the equipment cables from getting tangled.

[0054] Radar reflectors can be fixedly installed on the top of the buoy body of the communication buoy subsystem to enhance radar wave reflection.

[0055] A strobe light can be fixedly installed on the upper part of the buoy body of a communication buoy subsystem. It is a physical light fixture that includes a lamp cover, LEDs, and a driving circuit, and is used for early warning.

[0056] Specifically, the communication buoy subsystem employs a dual-anchor configuration, which effectively reduces the difficulty and time of offshore construction and lowers the requirements for hydrological conditions. The buoy system is equipped with radar reflectors and strobe lights for safety warning purposes.

[0057] In some embodiments, the information receiving and display subsystem includes a PC running underwater acoustic host computer software and BeiDou host computer software; the underwater acoustic host computer software is used to display and store the time-domain waveform and frequency-domain waveform of the underwater acoustic digital signal data, as well as the waveform of the attitude data in real time; the BeiDou host computer software is configured to display and store the real-time drift position data of the communication buoy subsystem, draw the latitude and longitude positioning trajectory of the communication buoy subsystem, and issue an early warning when the real-time drift position data exceeds a set range.

[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, by combining the hardware entity of the PC with the specific configuration of the underwater acoustic / BeiDou host computer software, it is possible to monitor and analyze the collected underwater acoustic data, and to provide early warning of the real-time drift position of the communication buoy subsystem. This achieves integrated display, proactive early warning, and data archiving effects, further enhancing the practicality and security of the underwater acoustic data acquisition system.

[0059] In some embodiments, the preset condition is a 5G signal strength threshold; the communication buoy subsystem is used to establish an uplink through the first 5G communication module when it detects that its own 5G signal strength is higher than the 5G signal strength threshold; and to automatically switch to establishing an uplink through the first Beidou communication module when it detects that its own 5G signal strength is lower than the 5G signal strength threshold.

[0060] Specifically, the microcontroller of the data processing module periodically sends specific AT commands (e.g., "AT+CSQ") to the first 5G communication module through its first serial communication interface. Upon receiving the command, the first 5G communication module's internal circuitry reads the physical layer parameters of the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measured by the current RF chip and returns them as data to the data processing module through the same physical serial interface. The microcontroller's internal memory in the data processing module (209) stores a preset 5G signal strength threshold, which is a specific numerical value, such as -90. In dBm, the microcontroller mathematically compares the real-time RSSI value with an internally stored threshold. When RSSI > 5G signal strength threshold, the microcontroller maintains or outputs a high level through its GPIO pin, physically ensuring the data path points to the first 5G communication module, and underwater data is transmitted through the uplink established by this module. When RSSI ≤ 5G signal strength threshold, the microcontroller changes the level state through its GPIO pin, physically cutting off data enable to the 5G module, while simultaneously enabling the first BeiDou communication module, controlling the data stream to switch to the BeiDou link for transmission. This ensures that the system prioritizes the link with the best current signal quality, achieving data transmission on the most stable physical link, guaranteeing efficient and stable data transmission.

[0061] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. An underwater acoustic data acquisition system, characterized in that, include: The underwater data acquisition subsystem is used to collect underwater data. The communication buoy subsystem is communicatively connected to the underwater data acquisition subsystem for receiving underwater data and is equipped with a first 5G communication module and a first Beidou communication module. The information receiving and display subsystem is equipped with a second 5G communication module and a second Beidou communication module, which are used to establish a communication link with the first Beidou communication module through the second Beidou communication module in order to send communication mode switching instructions; The communication buoy subsystem is used to establish a communication link between the first 5G communication module and the second 5G communication module, or between the first Beidou communication module and the second Beidou communication module, according to the communication mode switching command or preset conditions, so as to upload the underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem. The information receiving and display subsystem is also used to receive, display and store the underwater data.

2. The underwater acoustic data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The underwater data is transmitted in real time to the communication buoy subsystem via a communication cable.

3. The underwater acoustic data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The underwater data includes underwater acoustic digital signal data and attitude data; the underwater data acquisition subsystem includes an acoustic array chamber, and a vector hydrophone, an analog-to-digital converter and an attitude instrument installed in the acoustic array chamber; The vector hydrophone is used to collect underwater acoustic analog signal data; The analog-to-digital converter is connected to the vector hydrophone and is used to convert the received underwater acoustic analog signal data into underwater acoustic digital signal data. The attitude sensor is used to collect attitude data from the underwater data acquisition subsystem.

4. The underwater acoustic data acquisition system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The acoustic array module is a cylindrical structure with a circular base.

5. The underwater acoustic data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication buoy subsystem includes a data processing module, a power supply and a power control module; The data processing module is connected to the first 5G communication module and the first Beidou communication module respectively, and is used to parse the communication mode switching command or determine the preset conditions, and control the switching of the communication link; The power supply provides power to the data processing module, the first 5G communication module, and the first Beidou communication module through the power control module.

6. The underwater acoustic data acquisition system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The data processing module is further configured to, based on the received positioning information, determine that the communication buoy subsystem is within a near-shore 5G signal coverage area, and control the underwater data to establish a communication link between the first 5G communication module and the second 5G communication module to upload the underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem; and, When the communication buoy subsystem is located in an area with no 5G signal coverage in the open sea based on the received positioning information, it controls the switching to establish a communication link between the first Beidou communication module and the second Beidou communication module in order to upload the underwater data to the information receiving and display subsystem.

7. The underwater acoustic data acquisition system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The communication buoy subsystem also includes a solar power module connected to the power source for charging the power source.

8. The underwater acoustic data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication buoy subsystem is a buoy system that uses two anchors and is equipped with a radar reflector and a strobe light.

9. The underwater acoustic data acquisition system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The information receiving and display subsystem includes a PC, which runs underwater acoustic host computer software and Beidou host computer software. The underwater acoustic host computer software is used to display and store the time-domain waveform and frequency-domain waveform of the underwater acoustic digital signal data, as well as the waveform of the attitude data in real time. The Beidou host computer software is configured to display and store the real-time drift position data of the communication buoy subsystem, draw the latitude and longitude positioning trajectory of the communication buoy subsystem, and issue an early warning when the real-time drift position data exceeds the set range.

10. The underwater acoustic data acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset condition is a 5G signal strength threshold; The communication buoy subsystem is used to establish an uplink through the first 5G communication module when it detects that its own 5G signal strength is higher than the 5G signal strength threshold; and... When the system detects that its 5G signal strength is lower than the 5G signal strength threshold, it automatically switches to establish an uplink through the first Beidou communication module.

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