A safe and low-power snow melter

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of snow melting controller technology, and provides a safe and low-power snow melting controller, which includes a main control MCU, an output control module (including a relay and a thyristor), a power supply module, a synchronous pulse acquisition module, a switching module, a temperature acquisition module, and an LED display module. The MCU connects to the synchronous pulse acquisition module, the switching module, the temperature acquisition module, the LED display module, and the output control module; the power supply module includes an AC / DC step-down module and an LDO step-down module to supply power to each module; the output control module controls the preheating and stable operation of the snow melting PTC heating cable through the coordinated switching of the relay and the thyristor. With this design, the controller uses the thyristor to precisely control the voltage, switching to relay operation after the resistance of the PTC heating cable stabilizes, thereby reducing power consumption and improving electrical safety, solving the safety risks caused by uncontrolled neutral wires in traditional controllers and the high heat generated by long-term operation of the thyristor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of snow melting controller technology, and in particular to a safe and low-power snow melting controller for household snow melting equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional household snow melting equipment mainly uses PTC heating cables, which are characterized by low resistance at low temperatures and high resistance at high temperatures. Currently, most controllers on the market use a series control method with a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) and a single relay. The L line is controlled by the SCR and the relay, while the N line is directly connected and uncontrolled. This control method has significant drawbacks:

[0003] 1. An uncontrolled N line can easily lead to L and N being reversed during installation by non-professional users, causing the L line to become live and creating a potential electrical safety hazard.

[0004] 2. The thyristor needs to run continuously when the controller is working, which not only increases power consumption but also generates a lot of heat. It requires a large heat sink, resulting in a bulky controller, inconvenient installation, and long-term heat generation affecting the user experience.

[0005] Therefore, the market urgently needs a safer, lower heat dissipation, lower power consumption, and smaller size controller solution. This invention solves the above problems by introducing a coordinated switching control of a thyristor and three relays. During the preheating stage, the thyristor precisely limits the voltage, and after the PTC cable resistance stabilizes, it switches to relay operation. Utility Model Content

[0006] This utility model provides a safe and low-power snow melting controller. The snow melting controller includes a main control MCU, an output control module, a power supply module, a synchronous pulse acquisition module, a switch module, a temperature acquisition module, and an LED display module. The main control MCU includes a microcontroller connected to the synchronous pulse acquisition module, the switch module, the temperature acquisition module, the LED display module, the power supply module, and the output control module. The power supply module supplies power to the microcontroller, the synchronous pulse acquisition module, the switch module, the temperature acquisition module, the LED display module, and the output control module. The microcontroller uses the information collected by the synchronous pulse acquisition module to control the output control module. The output control module includes an L control section and an N control section. The L control section includes relays K1 and K3 and a thyristor. The N control section includes relay K2. Relay K1 is connected in series with the thyristor, and relay K3 is connected in parallel with the thyristor.

[0007] In some embodiments, the output control module is connected to the snow melting device via the L control section and the N control section.

[0008] In some embodiments, the MCU microcontroller is a Huada HC32L021.

[0009] In some embodiments, the thyristor in the output control module is a Jiejie Microelectronics T4050H-8Z.

[0010] In some embodiments, the relay in the output control module is a Hongfa HF105.

[0011] In some embodiments, the power module includes an AC / DC step-down module and an LDO step-down module, wherein the AC / DC step-down module is connected to the LDO step-down module, and the LDO step-down module is connected to the MCU microcontroller.

[0012] In some embodiments, the temperature acquisition module includes an NTC3950 sensor and a resistor, wherein the NTC3950 sensor converts temperature changes into voltage signals and transmits them to the MCU microcontroller.

[0013] In some embodiments, the LED display module consists of an LED and a resistor, with the resistor connected in series with the LED, and the status of the snow melting controller is displayed by the MCU microcontroller.

[0014] In some embodiments, the synchronization pulse acquisition module provides synchronization control parameters for the MCU to control the output of the thyristor.

[0015] In some embodiments, the switch module transmits user switch control information to the MCU microcontroller.

[0016] Based on the above technical solutions, an embodiment of this utility model provides a safe and low-power snow melting controller. Through a coordinated switching strategy of thyristors and relays, it solves the safety hazards of uncontrolled neutral lines and the high power consumption problem of continuous operation of thyristors in traditional equipment. Combined with real-time environmental monitoring and dynamic power adjustment, it ensures snow melting effect while significantly reducing energy consumption.

[0017] Other features and beneficial effects of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other beneficial effects of this invention can be realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims, etc. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Unless otherwise specified, the positional relationships shown in the drawings in the following description are based on the direction in which the components are drawn in the figure.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a safe and low-power snow melting controller according to this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main control MCU circuit;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the L control section and the N control section in the output control module;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the AC / DC step-down module and the LDO step-down module in the power supply module;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the temperature acquisition module;

[0024] Figure 6 This is the circuit diagram of the LED light display module;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the synchronous pulse acquisition module;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the switching module.

[0027] Reference numerals: Snow melting equipment 20; Synchronous pulse acquisition module 22; Output control module 24; Temperature acquisition module 26; Switch module 28; LED display module 30; MCU microcontroller 32; LDO step-down module 34; AC / DC step-down module 36. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. The technical features designed in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Additionally, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof mean "at least comprising."

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a” and “an” as used herein are also intended to include the plural. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “including” as used herein specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, units, and / or components, without excluding the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a safe and low-power snow melting controller according to the present invention; one embodiment of the present invention provides a snow melting controller. Figure 1As shown, the heating controller may include an MCU microcontroller 32, an output control module 24, an LDO step-down module 34, an AC / DC step-down module 36, a synchronous pulse acquisition module 22, a switch module 28, a temperature acquisition module 26, and an LED display module 30. The MCU microcontroller 32 is connected to the output control module 24, the LDO step-down module 34, the synchronous pulse acquisition module 22, the switch module 28, the temperature acquisition module 26, and the LED display module 30. The AC / DC step-down module 36 is connected to the LDO step-down module 34.

[0033] The main control MCU includes a 32-bit microcontroller (please refer to...). Figure 2 In some embodiments, the MCU microcontroller 32 uses the Huada HC32L021, which is a Cortex-M0 32-bit chip with a built-in 48MHz high-speed crystal oscillator, eliminating the need for an external crystal oscillator. At the same time, the high operating frequency of 48MHz fully meets the daily operation and control communication requirements of the system and the central control unit with other working modules. The 12-bit ADC sampling fully meets the temperature acquisition requirements. In the figure, resistors R27 and C20 form a reset circuit, capacitors C21 and C22 are the microcontroller's external working capacitors, and capacitors C14 and C23 are the microcontroller's operating power supply capacitors.

[0034] The output control module 24 consists of an L control section and an N control section (please refer to...). Figure 3The output control module 24 includes relays and a thyristor, with the thyristor connected in series with the relays. Relays K1, K2, and K3 in the diagram use Hongfa HF105 (40A current), and the SCR is a Jiejie Micro T4050H-8Z (40A current). The L control section consists of relays K1 and K3 and the SCR1. When the controller starts working, relay K3 is closed first. Because the PTC heating cable is initially at a low temperature with very low internal resistance, the direct operating current will be large. Therefore, the MCU 32 acquires the LN input pulse and synchronously controls the triggering time of the SCR1 via optocoupler U2 to limit the L output voltage by adjusting the L's conduction opening within the cycle, thus preheating the PTC heating cable. As the PTC heating cable preheats, the temperature rises, the resistance increases, and the current decreases. The MCU 32 gradually increases the L's conduction opening to slowly increase the L's output voltage. A typical PTC heating cable reaches a stable state after 10 minutes of voltage increase. Once the PTC heating cable reaches a stable value, relay K1 closes, and L is directly output through K1. Relay K3 and SCR1 are then turned off, reducing the heat generated by SCR1 and allowing for a smaller heatsink. Resistors: R29, R34; Transistors: Q2, Q4; Diodes: D5, D7; forming the control network for relays K1 and K3; Resistors: R19, R23, R21; Optocoupler U2; forming the control network for SCR1. The N control section is composed of relay K2. When the controller is working, K2 closes, and N is output through relay K2. Resistor R30, transistor Q3, and diode D6 form the control network for relay K2. When the controller is off, K1, K2, and K3 are all off, completely isolating the L and N lines from the snow-melting PTC heating cable, achieving complete electrical safety.

[0035] The power supply module consists of two parts: an AC / DC step-down module 36 and an LDO step-down module 34 (please refer to...). Figure 4The AC / DC step-down module 36 converts 220V AC mains power into 12V power for the relay and power supply module. The 220V AC (LN) mains power from the module passes through a fuse resistor R1, a varistor 7D471, and a rectifier bridge DB1, then through a filter network composed of C4, L1, and C5 to become high-voltage DC. This high-voltage DC output is then converted to a low-voltage 12V DC output through the power chip On-Bright OB25132 and transformer T1. Resistors R2 and R6 are the start-up resistors for the OB25132 power chip. Diode D3, resistor R7, and capacitor C13 form the power supply network for the OB25132 power chip. Output resistors R8 and R12 are for voltage regulation, resistor R14 is the current-limiting resistor for the chip driver pin, and resistors R5 and R4, capacitor C1, and diode D2 form an RCD absorption network to absorb transformer oscillation and protect the high-voltage chip. Diode D1 is the output rectifier diode, and output capacitors C2 and C3 are for 12V output filtering. The LDO step-down module 34 converts 12V voltage to 5V power for the MCU microcontroller 32, temperature and humidity acquisition module 26, switch module 28, and synchronous pulse acquisition module 22. The LDO step-down module 34 is mainly composed of an LDO voltage regulator chip U178L05 and capacitors C7, C8, C9, and C10 to form a step-down network.

[0036] Temperature acquisition module 26 mainly consists of an NTC3950 sensor and resistors R38 and R39 (please refer to...). Figure 5 R38 is connected to VCC to provide power. The NTC390 sensor changes its resistance with temperature, generating different voltage values ​​at the left end of resistor R39. The right end of R39 is connected to MCU microcontroller 32, which transmits the changing voltage information to the ADC port of MCU microcontroller 32. MCU microcontroller 32 calculates the corresponding temperature by acquiring the corresponding voltage value in order to control the output module.

[0037] The LED light display module 30 consists of LED1, LED2, and resistors R17 and R40 (e.g., ...). Figure 6 (As shown). Both LED1 and LED2 are directly controlled by the MCU microcontroller 32 I / O port. The MCU microcontroller 32 performs corresponding output control according to its own state. Resistors R17 and R40 are used to limit the current of LED1 and LED2.

[0038] The synchronization pulse acquisition module 22 mainly acquires the synchronization information of the L and N inputs, providing synchronization control parameters for the MCU microcontroller 32 to control the output of the thyristor, achieving precise control. (e.g.) Figure 7The synchronous pulse acquisition module 22 (as shown) consists of optocouplers U4 and U5, diodes D4 and D8, resistors R24, R25, R26, R31, R32, and R33, and capacitors C15 and C19. A positive pulse (L) is generated by passing through D4, R24, and R26 back to N, then through optocoupler U4 and via network signal (AC_220V_SYNC_P1) to the MCU microcontroller 32. A negative pulse (L) is generated by passing through D8, R32, and R33 back to N, then through optocoupler U5 and via network signal (AC_220V_SYNC_P2) to the MCU microcontroller 32. Resistors R25 and R31 are connected to the power supply to provide a working bias current for the optocouplers, and capacitors C15 and C19 are used for interference suppression.

[0039] Switch module 28 consists of input terminal P1, transistor Q5, and resistors R35, R36, R37, and R28; (e.g.) Figure 8 (As shown). The switch is input through terminal P1, and the 12V supply is connected to resistors R35, R36, and R37. The signal is transmitted to the MCU microcontroller 32 through Q5 via the network signal. Resistor R28 is connected to VCC to provide a bias power supply.

[0040] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that although many problems exist in the prior art, each embodiment or technical solution of the present invention can be improved in only one or a few aspects, without necessarily solving all the technical problems listed in the prior art or the background art simultaneously. Those skilled in the art should understand that any content not mentioned in a claim should not be construed as a limitation on that claim.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safe and low-power snow melting device, characterized in that: The safe and low-power snow melter includes a main control MCU, an output control module, a power supply module, a synchronous pulse acquisition module, a switch module, a temperature acquisition module, and an LED display module. The main control MCU includes an MCU microcontroller, which is connected to the synchronization pulse acquisition module, the switch module, the temperature acquisition module, the LED display module, the power supply module, and the output control module. The power supply module provides power to the MCU microcontroller, the synchronous pulse acquisition module, the switch module, the temperature acquisition module, the LED display module, and the output control module. The MCU microcontroller, in conjunction with the information collected by the synchronization pulse acquisition module, controls the output control module; The output control module includes an L control section and an N control section. The L control section includes relays K1 and K3 and a thyristor. The N control section includes relay K2. Relay K1 is connected in series with the thyristor, and relay K3 is connected in parallel with the thyristor.

2. The safe and low-power snow melting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output control module is connected to the snow melting equipment through the L control section and the N control section.

3. The safe and low-power snow melter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU model is Huada HC32L021.

4. A safe and low-power snow melter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thyristor in the output control module is a Jiejie Micro T4050H-8Z.

5. A safe and low-power snow melter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relays in the output control module are Hongfa HF105.

6. A safe and low-power snow melter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module includes an AC / DC step-down module and an LDO step-down module. The AC / DC step-down module is connected to the LDO step-down module, and the LDO step-down module is connected to the MCU microcontroller.

7. A safe and low-power snow melter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature acquisition module includes an NTC3950 sensor, which converts temperature changes into voltage signals and transmits them to the MCU microcontroller.

8. A safe and low-power snow melter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The LED display module includes an LED and a resistor, with the resistor connected in series with the LED. The status of the snow melter is displayed by the MCU microcontroller.

9. A safe and low-power snow melting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronization pulse acquisition module provides synchronization control parameters for the MCU to control the output of the thyristor.

10. A safe and low-power snow melter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch module transmits user switch control information to the MCU microcontroller.

Images