A positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards

Abstract

This utility model discloses a positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards, relating to the field of circuit board etching technology. The positioning fixture includes a base plate, on which a positioning mechanism is disposed: an adjustment assembly including a ranging module fixedly mounted on both sides of the base plate. Miniature electric push rods are fixedly mounted on both sides of the base plate, and movable plates are fixedly mounted on the movable ends of the miniature electric push rods. When the clamping plate contacts the edge of the PCB circuit board, as the slider continues to approach, the distance between the connecting plate and the disc-shaped protrusion at the rear end of the limiting tube gradually decreases, compressing the spring between them. The elastic characteristics of the spring provide buffering during the clamping process, avoiding excessive instantaneous pressure caused by rigid contact. Simultaneously, a pressure sensor on the connecting plate monitors the pressure between the clamping plate and the PCB in real time and transmits the signal to the control device. When the pressure reaches a preset threshold, the control device immediately stops the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of circuit board etching technology, specifically a positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards. Background Technology

[0002] Circuit board etching is a crucial step in electronics manufacturing. Its core function is to remove unwanted conductive copper layers from the circuit board substrate using chemical or physical methods, ultimately forming the designed circuit pattern.

[0003] The existing utility model patent with publication number CN222996774U discloses a positioning fixture for PCB circuit board etching, including a base plate. A positioning mechanism is mounted on the base plate, and the positioning mechanism includes a groove formed in the base plate. The groove is square, and a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove. The rotating rod has positive and negative threads. This utility model, by providing a positioning mechanism, facilitates the clamping and positioning of PCB circuit boards of different shapes, making it convenient for etching PCB circuit boards of different shapes. Furthermore, the clamping plate used for clamping and positioning is easy to disassemble and replace.

[0004] The aforementioned positioning fixture lacks an emergency braking function during operation, and the first and second motors lack overload protection. If the PCB positioning is abnormal (such as edge jamming), it may cause the motors to overheat, potentially leading to equipment failure and PCB damage. Furthermore, it cannot record the PCB width, requiring manual intervention during subsequent positioning processes, resulting in low efficiency during continuous operation. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards, which solves the problems of PCB circuit board damage due to excessive clamping force and low positioning efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards includes a base plate, and a positioning mechanism is provided above the base plate.

[0007] The adjustment assembly includes a ranging module fixedly installed on both sides of a base plate. Miniature electric actuators are fixedly installed on both sides of the base plate. A movable plate is fixedly installed on the movable end of the miniature electric actuator. A motor is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate. A bidirectional lead screw is fixedly installed at the end of the motor's shaft. Guide rods are provided on both sides of the bidirectional lead screw. A slider is inserted and installed on the outer side of the guide rod. A support plate and a photosensitive sensor are fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate.

[0008] A limit component, located above the slider, is used to limit the position of the PCB circuit board.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting component includes a transmission block fixedly installed above the slider, a limiting tube movably installed on one side of the transmission block, a connecting rod movably installed inside the limiting tube, a spring inserted through the outside of the connecting rod, a connecting plate fixedly installed at the end of the connecting rod, limiting rods fixedly installed at both ends of one side of the connecting plate, pressure sensors fixedly installed at both ends of the other side of the connecting plate, and a clamping plate fixedly installed at one end of the pressure sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the ranging module is mounted symmetrically on the top of the raised structures on both sides of the base plate. There are four miniature electric actuators, which are mounted symmetrically on the front and back and left and right sides at the four corners of the base plate. The miniature electric actuators on both the front and back sides point to the front and back center axis of the base plate. The movable plate is connected to the base plate through the miniature electric actuators. Vertical raised structures are provided on the left and right sides of the movable plate.

[0011] Preferably, the two ends of the bidirectional lead screw pass through the protruding structures on both sides of the movable plate and are symmetrically installed on both sides of the movable plate. The slider is symmetrically installed on both sides of the bidirectional lead screw through a threaded structure, and the two sides of the slider are connected to the guide rod through linear bearings to form a sliding connection.

[0012] Preferably, the outer side of the limiting tube is provided with a threaded structure, and the limiting tube is movably connected to the transmission block through the threaded structure. The rear end of the limiting tube is provided with a disc-shaped protrusion.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting rod and the limiting tube are slidably connected by a linear bearing, the spring is located between the connecting plate and the disc-shaped structure at the rear end of the limiting tube, and the limiting rod and the transmission block are slidably connected.

[0014] Beneficial effects

[0015] This utility model provides a positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0016] (1) This positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards, through the setting of pressure sensors, achieves precise control of the clamping force through the cooperation of multiple structures in the limiting component during the clamping process. When the clamping plate contacts the edge of the PCB circuit board, as the slider continues to approach, the distance between the connecting plate and the disc-shaped protrusion at the rear end of the limiting tube gradually decreases, and the spring located between the two is compressed. The elastic characteristics of the spring provide buffering for the clamping process, avoiding excessive instantaneous pressure caused by rigid contact. At the same time, the pressure sensor on the connecting plate monitors the pressure between the clamping plate and the PCB in real time and transmits the signal to the control device. When the pressure reaches the preset threshold, the control device will immediately control the motor to stop running, so that the bidirectional lead screw stops rotating and the slider no longer approaches. Thus, through the cooperation of "spring buffering + pressure sensor feedback + motor stop control", the maximum clamping force is strictly limited to prevent damage to the PCB circuit board due to excessive clamping force.

[0017] (2) This positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards utilizes a photosensitive sensor. When the PCB circuit board is placed on the support plate, the central tubular structure of the support plate is closed. After the photosensitive sensor detects a change in light, it automatically transmits a signal to the control device, triggering the positioning process without manual intervention. During the positioning process, the distance measuring modules on both sides of the base plate detect the distance between the PCB and the sides in real time. After the signal is fed back to the control device, the control device drives the miniature electric actuators at the four corners to extend and retract. The miniature electric actuators drive the movable plate to move, quickly adjusting the position of the PCB in the front-back direction to center it. At the same time, the motor drives the bidirectional lead screw to rotate. Since the slider is symmetrically installed on the bidirectional lead screw through threads and slides with the guide rod, the slider will move synchronously towards each other, driving the limit components to approach the PCB from both sides, automatically adjusting the position of the PCB in the left-right direction to center it. Throughout the positioning process, the control device coordinates the distance measuring module, miniature electric actuators, motor, bidirectional lead screw, and other components to automatically complete the centering positioning in the front-back and left-right directions without manual adjustment of the positioning process. This reduces the number of manual intervention steps during continuous operation and effectively improves the positioning efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the motor mounting structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the photosensitive sensor of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spring mounting structure of this utility model;

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Positioning mechanism; 21. Adjustment component; 211. Distance measuring module; 212. Miniature electric actuator; 213. Movable plate; 214. Motor; 215. Bidirectional lead screw; 216. Guide rod; 217. Slider; 218. Support plate; 219. Photosensitive sensor; 22. Limiting component; 221. Transmission block; 222. Limiting tube; 223. Connecting rod; 224. Spring; 225. Connecting plate; 226. Limiting rod; 227. Pressure sensor; 228. Clamping plate. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution: a positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards includes a base plate 1, and a positioning mechanism 2 is provided above the base plate 1.

[0025] The adjustment assembly 21 includes a ranging module 211 fixedly installed on both sides of the base plate 1. Miniature electric actuators 212 are fixedly installed on both sides of the base plate 1. A movable plate 213 is fixedly installed at the movable end of the miniature electric actuators 212. A motor 214 is fixedly installed above the movable plate 213. A bidirectional lead screw 215 is fixedly installed at the end of the shaft of the motor 214. Guide rods 216 are provided on both sides of the bidirectional lead screw 215. A slider 217 is inserted and installed on the outer side of the guide rods 216. A support plate 218 and a photosensitive sensor 219 are fixedly installed above the movable plate 213. The ranging module 211 is mirror-symmetrically installed on the raised structures on both sides of the base plate 1. At the top, there are four miniature electric actuators 212, which are mirror-symmetrically installed at the four corners of the base plate 1. The miniature electric actuators 212 on the front and back sides point to the front and back central axis of the base plate 1. The movable plate 213 is movably connected to the base plate 1 through the miniature electric actuators 212. Vertical protrusions are provided on the left and right sides of the movable plate 213. The two ends of the bidirectional lead screw 215 pass through the protrusions on both sides of the movable plate 213 and are symmetrically installed on both sides of the movable plate 213. The slider 217 is symmetrically installed on both sides of the bidirectional lead screw 215 through a threaded structure. The two sides of the slider 217 are slidably connected to the guide rod 216 through linear bearings.

[0026] Specifically, the distance between the PCB circuit board and the two side distance measuring modules 211 is detected by the distance measuring modules 211 on both sides. The extension and retraction of the miniature electric actuators 212 on both sides of the base plate 1 are adjusted according to the difference in the distance between the two sides to adjust the relative position between the movable plate 213 and the base plate 1, so that the PCB circuit board can be located in the center of the base plate 1 in the front-back direction. The bottom of the movable plate 213 contacts the upper surface of the base plate 1 through the slider pair and can move under the action of the miniature electric actuators 212. The guide rod 216 can limit the movement direction of the slider 217. The motor 214 drives the bidirectional lead screw 215 to rotate. The spacing of the sliders 217 is adjusted to adjust the spacing between the upper transmission blocks 221 so that the limiting component 22 can clamp the PCB circuit board. Since the sliders 217 on both sides move synchronously when the bidirectional lead screw 215 rotates, the PCB circuit board can be positioned in the center of the movable plate 213 in the left and right direction. When the PCB circuit board is placed above the support plate 218, the top of the central tubular structure of the support plate 218 is closed, so that external light cannot enter the interior of the tube structure of the support plate 218. The monitoring result of the photosensitive sensor 219 changes, and the output signal controls the motors 214 on both sides to start and perform the clamping operation.

[0027] A limiting component 22, positioned above the slider 217, is used to limit the position of the PCB circuit board. The limiting component 22 includes a transmission block 221 fixedly mounted above the slider 217. A limiting tube 222 is movably mounted on one side of the transmission block 221. A connecting rod 223 is movably mounted inside the limiting tube 222. A spring 224 is inserted through the outside of the connecting rod 223. A connecting plate 226 is fixedly mounted at the end of the connecting rod 223. Limiting rods 225 are fixedly mounted at both ends of one side of the connecting plate 226, and at both ends of the other side of the connecting plate 226... A pressure sensor 227 is fixedly installed, and a clamping plate 228 is fixedly installed at one end of the pressure sensor 227. A threaded structure is provided on the outside of the limiting tube 222. The limiting tube 222 is movably connected to the transmission block 221 through the threaded structure. A disc-shaped protrusion is provided at the rear end of the limiting tube 222. A sliding connection is formed between the connecting rod 223 and the limiting tube 222 through a linear bearing. A spring 224 is located between the connecting plate 226 and the disc-shaped structure at the rear end of the limiting tube 222. A sliding connection is formed between the limiting rod 225 and the transmission block 221.

[0028] Specifically, the transmission block 221 can limit the position of the limiting tube 222. The initial compression of the spring 224 is adjusted by rotating the limiting tube 222 through the spline at one end of the limiting tube 222. After the distance between the sliders 217 decreases, the clamping plate 228 contacts the two sides of the PCB circuit board. As the sliders 217 continue to move, the distance between the connecting plate 226 and the limiting tube 222 decreases, squeezing the spring 224. The elastic force generated when the spring 224 is compressed keeps a certain relative pressure between the clamping plate 228 and the PCB circuit board, and the pressure sensor 227 monitors the pressure.

[0029] Specifically, the ranging module 211 is model GP2Y0A02YK0F, the miniature electric actuator 212 is model SLEL506, the motor 214 is model 14SHD, the photosensitive sensor 219 is model EX08-02NB, and the pressure sensor 227 is model 266AH-100KG. In addition, all contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0030] During operation, when the PCB circuit board is placed above the support plate 218, the top of the central tubular structure of the support plate 218 is sealed, preventing external light from entering. After the photosensitive sensor 219 detects the change in light, it transmits the signal to the PLC controller or other control equipment. Upon receiving the signal, the control equipment starts the motors 214 on both sides and triggers the positioning process. Subsequently, the distance measuring modules 211 on both sides of the base plate 1 detect the distance between the PCB circuit board and the sides in real time. The monitoring signal is transmitted to the control equipment. The control equipment calculates the adjustment amount based on the distance difference between the sides and drives the miniature electric actuators 212 at the front and rear corners of the base plate 1 to extend and retract. The miniature electric actuators 212 drive the movable plate 213 to move along the base plate 1 until the PCB circuit board is located at the center of the base plate 1 in the front-rear direction. After the motor 214 starts, it drives the bidirectional lead screw 215 to rotate. Since the slider 217 is symmetrically installed on both sides of the bidirectional lead screw 215 by threads and is slidably connected to the guide rod 216 by linear bearings, the slider 217 moves synchronously towards the opposite side as the bidirectional lead screw 215 rotates. The transmission block 221 above it then approaches the PCB circuit board. The control device receives the motor 214 running signal in real time to ensure synchronization on both sides. The limiting tube 222 on one side of the transmission block 221 moves with the transmission block 221, causing the end clamping plate 228 to first contact the edge of the PCB circuit board. As the slider 217 continues to move, the distance between the connecting plate 226 and the disc-shaped protrusion at the rear end of the limiting tube 222 decreases, compressing the spring 224 located between them. The elastic force of the spring 224 is transmitted to the connecting plate 226 through the connecting rod 223, maintaining pressure between the clamping plate 228 and the PCB circuit board. At the same time, the pressure sensor 227 on the other side of the connecting plate 226 feeds back the real-time pressure signal to the control device. When the pressure reaches the set threshold, the control device controls the motor 214 to stop running, and the limiting rods 225 on both sides of the connecting plate 226 are slidably connected to the transmission block 221 to ensure a smooth clamping process. In addition, the initial position of the limiting tube 222 can be pre-adjusted through the threaded structure to change the initial compression of the spring 224. The control device can store or recall positioning parameters for different PCBs according to actual needs. After etching is completed, the control device can issue a one-key reset command. This command controls the pressure sensor 227 and the photosensitive sensor 219 at a level above them and is not affected by their real-time signals. The drive motor 214 reverses and drives the bidirectional lead screw 215 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the slider 217 to move in the opposite direction along the guide rod 216 to reset. At the same time, the miniature electric push rod 212 extends and retracts, causing the movable plate 213 to return to its initial position. The spring 224 returns to its natural state, and all driving components return to their initial state, completing the reset.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards, characterized in that: Includes a base plate (1), and a positioning mechanism (2) is provided above the base plate (1): The adjustment assembly (21) includes a ranging module (211) fixedly installed on both sides of the base plate (1). A miniature electric actuator (212) is fixedly installed on both sides of the base plate (1). A movable plate (213) is fixedly installed on the movable end of the miniature electric actuator (212). A motor (214) is fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate (213). A bidirectional lead screw (215) is fixedly installed at the end of the shaft of the motor (214). Guide rods (216) are provided on both sides of the bidirectional lead screw (215). A slider (217) is inserted through the outer side of the guide rod (216). A support plate (218) and a photosensitive sensor (219) are fixedly installed on the top of the movable plate (213). A limiting component (22) is disposed above the slider (217) to limit the position of the PCB circuit board.

2. The positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component (22) includes a transmission block (221) fixedly installed above the slider (217). A limiting tube (222) is movably installed on one side of the transmission block (221). A connecting rod (223) is movably installed inside the limiting tube (222). A spring (224) is inserted through the outside of the connecting rod (223). A connecting plate (226) is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting rod (223). A limiting rod (225) is fixedly installed at both ends of one side of the connecting plate (226). A pressure sensor (227) is fixedly installed at both ends of the other side of the connecting plate (226). A clamping plate (228) is fixedly installed at one end of the pressure sensor (227).

3. The positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ranging module (211) is installed symmetrically on the top of the raised structures on both sides of the base plate (1). There are four miniature electric actuators (212), which are installed symmetrically on the four corners of the base plate (1) and on both sides. The miniature electric actuators (212) on both sides point to the front and back center axis of the base plate (1). The movable plate (213) is connected to the base plate (1) through the miniature electric actuators (212). The movable plate (213) has vertical raised structures on the left and right sides.

4. The positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two-way lead screw (215) passes through the protruding structures on both sides of the movable plate (213) at both ends and is symmetrically installed on both sides of the movable plate (213). The slider (217) is symmetrically installed on both sides of the two-way lead screw (215) through a threaded structure. The two sides of the slider (217) are connected to the guide rod (216) through linear bearings.

5. The positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side of the limiting tube (222) is provided with a threaded structure, and the limiting tube (222) is movably connected to the transmission block (221) through the threaded structure. The rear end of the limiting tube (222) is provided with a disc-shaped protrusion.

6. The positioning fixture for etching automotive PCB circuit boards according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting rod (223) and the limiting tube (222) are connected by a linear bearing. The spring (224) is located between the connecting plate (226) and the disc-shaped structure at the rear end of the limiting tube (222). The limiting rod (225) and the transmission block (221) are connected by a sliding connection.

Images