A multi-stage molecular distillation device for improving palatability of feed oil

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multistage molecular distillation devices for improving the palatability of feed oil and fat, belong to chemical separation equipment technical field, including base, the top of base is fixedly installed with distillation column, the inner wall of distillation column is fixedly installed with layer board, annular heat exchange tank is installed on the lateral inner wall of distillation column, and heat exchange cylinder is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of distillation column, the outside of distillation column is fixedly installed with vacuum pump, conduit is installed on vacuum pump, branch pipe is installed on conduit, conduit and branch pipe are all interconnected with distillation column. By through drive mechanism (motor, rotating rod, connecting sleeve, connecting ring and connecting rod) synchronous drive all horizontal and vertical scrapers, efficient wiping film operation is realized in multiple heating surface and inner wall simultaneously, which greatly increases the effective evaporation area, prevents material local overheating and coking, significantly improves mass transfer efficiency and thermal efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of chemical separation equipment, specifically, it relates to a multi-stage molecular distillation device for improving the palatability of feed oils. Background Technology

[0002] Molecular distillation is a specialized liquid-liquid separation technique performed under high vacuum. It relies on the difference in the mean free path of molecules to achieve separation and is particularly suitable for purifying high-boiling-point, heat-sensitive, and easily oxidized feeds. In the feed industry, the palatability of oils is one of the key factors affecting feed intake in livestock and poultry. However, during processing or storage, oils often produce small-molecule off-flavor substances such as aldehydes, ketones, and free fatty acids, as well as polymers formed due to oxidation. These impurities severely deteriorate the taste and flavor of oils, reducing feed palatability.

[0003] Currently, the core approach to improving the palatability of feed oils lies in removing these undesirable impurities. Molecular distillation technology, due to its advantages such as low operating temperature, short heating time, and high separation efficiency, is considered an effective method for removing such small-molecule off-flavor substances and polymers. Existing molecular distillation apparatus typically includes heating, film scraping, condensation, and vacuum systems.

[0004] Existing single-stage molecular distillation equipment still has many limitations when processing complex feed oils: First, the separation efficiency is limited. Single-stage distillation often struggles to simultaneously and efficiently remove multiple impurities with significantly different boiling points, potentially leaving some impurities behind and affecting deodorization. Second, overheating and coking are prone to occur. Traditional scraping film systems typically target only a single heating surface (such as the evaporator wall), resulting in a thick and unevenly renewed liquid film. Prolonged contact of heat-sensitive materials with the heating surface can easily lead to localized overheating, coking, or even decomposition, generating new off-odors and ultimately reducing oil quality. Third, condensation efficiency decreases. Lighter impurities distilled from the condenser continuously condense on the inner wall of the condenser, forming a fouling layer that severely reduces heat exchange efficiency. This leads to insufficient condensation of subsequent fractions, fluctuations in vacuum levels, and the need for frequent shutdowns for cleaning, impacting the continuity and stability of production.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a multi-stage molecular distillation apparatus for improving the palatability of feed oils. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the problems in related technologies, this utility model proposes a multi-stage molecular distillation device for improving the palatability of feed oils, so as to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A multi-stage molecular distillation apparatus for improving the palatability of feed oils includes a base, a distillation column fixedly mounted on the top of the base, a shelf fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the distillation column, an annular heat exchange box mounted on the side inner wall of the distillation column, and a heat exchange cylinder fixedly mounted on the bottom inner wall of the distillation column. A vacuum pump is fixedly mounted on the outside of the distillation column, a conduit is mounted on the vacuum pump, and a branch pipe is mounted on the conduit. The conduit and the branch pipe are connected to the distillation column and are located above and below the shelf, respectively. A throttling valve is mounted on both the conduit and the branch pipe.

[0009] The heating and scraping mechanism includes multiple transverse scrapers. Multiple heating plates are installed on the side of the heat exchange cylinder. The heating plates have a hollow structure and are connected to the heat exchange cylinder. Two of the multiple transverse scrapers are in contact with the top of the heating plates.

[0010] A distillation cooling mechanism includes a cooling box. A water storage tank is fixedly installed on the top of the base. The cooling box is installed on the top of the water storage tank and is connected to the water storage tank. A chiller is installed on one side of the water storage tank and is connected to the water storage tank. A water supply pipe is connected to the outlet of the chiller and is connected to the top of the cooling box.

[0011] Preferably, the heating and scraping mechanism includes multiple connecting rings, which are respectively disposed on corresponding heating plates, and the connecting rings are fixedly connected to two corresponding transverse scrapers. Two connecting rods are installed between two adjacent connecting rings.

[0012] By connecting two connecting rods between the connecting rings, multiple connecting rings can be connected and fixed simultaneously. When the connecting ring at the top rotates, it can drive all the connecting rings to rotate at the same time, thereby driving all the horizontal scrapers to perform a scraping operation on the grease liquid on the heating plate, which greatly increases the evaporation area and improves the mass transfer efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the top of the distillation column, and a motor is fixedly installed on the top of the distillation column. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, and a connecting sleeve is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating rod. The connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the two upper horizontal scrapers among a plurality of horizontal scrapers. Two fixed rods arranged in a symmetrical manner are fixedly installed on the rotating rod, and the same vertical scraper is fixedly installed on the two fixed rods on the same side. The vertical scraper is in contact with the inner side of the annular heat exchange box.

[0014] The motor's output shaft drives the rotating rod to rotate, and the rotating rod drives two vertical scrapers through four fixed rods to scrape the film inside the annular heat exchanger. At the same time, the rotating rod drives the connecting sleeve to rotate, and the connecting sleeve drives all the connecting rings to rotate.

[0015] Preferably, the distillation cooling mechanism further includes two spiral heat exchange tubes, which are disposed inside the cooling box. The top ends of the two spiral heat exchange tubes are connected to the distillation column, and the top ends of the two spiral heat exchange tubes are located above and below the shelf, respectively.

[0016] The impurity vapors evaporated from the two spaces inside the distillation column are condensed and flowed out through cooling in a cooling box via two spiral heat exchange tubes.

[0017] Preferably, a flow guide tube is installed at the top of the spiral heat exchange tube, and a solenoid valve is provided on the flow guide tube. A temperature sensor is installed at the bottom of the spiral heat exchange tube, and a controller is installed on the outside of the distillation column. The controller is connected to the temperature sensor and the solenoid valve.

[0018] Temperature is monitored by a temperature sensor at the bottom of the spiral heat exchanger tube. When the outflowing temperature is too high, it indicates that there are many impurities on the inner wall of the spiral heat exchanger tube. Then, the controller controls the solenoid valve to open, thereby diverting water from the cooling box into the spiral heat exchanger tube through the diversion pipe, thus cleaning the spiral heat exchanger tube.

[0019] Preferably, a concave tube is installed on one side of the distillation column, and a valve is provided on the concave tube. The valve is connected to a controller, and the top and bottom ends of the concave tube are located on the upper and lower sides of the shelf, respectively.

[0020] The concave tube design allows for the exchange of oil and liquid flow between the two spaces within the distillation column, which is controlled by valves and controllers.

[0021] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] By synchronously driving all horizontal and vertical scrapers through the drive mechanism (motor, rotating rod, connecting sleeve, connecting ring and connecting rod), efficient film scraping operation is achieved simultaneously on multiple heating surfaces and inner walls. This greatly increases the effective evaporation area, prevents local overheating and coking of materials, and significantly improves mass transfer efficiency and thermal efficiency.

[0023] By connecting the two zones with concave tubes and valves controlled by a controller, the controllable flow and exchange of materials between the two distillation zones are achieved. This allows the oil to be controllably transferred to the second stage for further purification after the initial impurity removal in the first stage, optimizing the process flow and improving the efficiency and flexibility of impurity separation.

[0024] By using two independent spiral heat exchange tubes for separate condensation and collection, cross-contamination of distillates is avoided, improving product purity and separation accuracy. An intelligent online cleaning function is designed for the spiral heat exchange tubes. By setting a temperature sensor at the spiral tube outlet to monitor the condensate temperature, when the temperature rises abnormally, indicating that scaling on the tube wall is causing a decrease in heat exchange efficiency, the controller will automatically open the solenoid valve and introduce cooling water from the cooling box into the spiral tube through the diversion pipe for flushing. This achieves self-cleaning of the condenser and continuous high-efficiency operation, reducing downtime for maintenance.

[0025] The heating system adopts a modular design, with multiple hollow heating plates connected to the central heat exchange cylinder, which can achieve uniform distribution of heat medium and consistent temperature control. The vacuum system, through vacuum pumps, conduits and branch pipes, and in conjunction with throttling valves, can accurately control the vacuum level independently or collaboratively for the upper and lower distillation zones, creating optimal process conditions for the separation of impurities with different boiling points. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the distillation tower of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heating and scraping mechanism of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the cooling box of this utility model.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1. Base; 2. Distillation column; 3. Sheet plate; 4. Annular heat exchanger; 5. Heat exchange cylinder; 6. Heating and scraping film mechanism; 61. Connecting ring; 62. Connecting sleeve; 63. Horizontal scraper; 64. Connecting rod; 65. Rotating rod; 66. Vertical scraper; 67. Motor; 7. Distillation cooling mechanism; 71. Spiral heat exchange tube; 72. Cooling box; 73. Drain pipe; 74. Solenoid valve; 75. Water tank; 76. Refrigeration unit; 8. Vacuum pump; 9. Conduit; 10. Throttling valve; 11. Heating plate; 12. Concave tube; 13. Valve. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0033] Reference Figure 1-4A multi-stage molecular distillation device for improving the palatability of feed oil includes a base 1, a distillation column 2 fixedly installed on the top of the base 1, a shelf 3 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the distillation column 2, an annular heat exchange box 4 installed on the side inner wall of the distillation column 2, and a heat exchange cylinder 5 fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the distillation column 2. A vacuum pump 8 is fixedly installed on the outside of the distillation column 2, a conduit 9 is installed on the vacuum pump 8, and a branch pipe is installed on the conduit 9. The conduit 9 and the branch pipe are connected to the distillation column 2, and the conduit 9 and the branch pipe are located above and below the shelf 3, respectively. A throttling valve 10 is installed on the conduit 9 and the branch pipe. By setting the throttling valve 10, the upper and lower spaces in the distillation column 1 are adjusted to different negative pressure conditions, thereby forming the effects of rough distillation and fine distillation.

[0034] The heating and scraping mechanism 6 includes multiple transverse scrapers 63. Multiple heating plates 11 are installed on the side of the heat exchange cylinder 5. The heating plates 11 have a hollow structure and are connected to the heat exchange cylinder 5. Two of the multiple transverse scrapers 63 are in contact with the top of the heating plates 11. Hot oil is introduced into the heat exchange cylinder 5 and the multiple heating plates 11 for heating, thereby achieving precise temperature control and increasing the heat source contact area, thus improving the high-speed distillation effect.

[0035] The distillation cooling mechanism 7 includes a cooling box 72. A water storage tank 75 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 1. The cooling box 72 is installed on the top of the water storage tank 75 and is connected to the water storage tank 75. A chiller 76 is installed on one side of the water storage tank 75 and is connected to the water storage tank 75. The outlet of the chiller 76 is connected to a water supply pipe, which is connected to the top of the cooling box 72.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4The heating and scraping mechanism 6 includes multiple connecting rings 61, which are respectively mounted on corresponding heating plates 11. Each connecting ring 61 is fixedly connected to two corresponding transverse scrapers 63. Two connecting rods 64 are installed between adjacent connecting rings 61. A rotating rod 65 is rotatably connected to the top of the distillation column 2. A motor 67 is fixedly mounted on the top of the distillation column 2. The output shaft of the motor 67 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 65. A connecting sleeve 62 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the rotating rod 65. The connecting sleeve 62 is fixedly connected to the two upper transverse scrapers 63 among the multiple transverse scrapers 63. Two symmetrically arranged fixed rods are fixedly mounted on the rotating rod 65. The same vertical scraper 66 is fixedly mounted on the two fixed rods on the same side. The vertical scraper 66 contacts the inner side of the annular heat exchange box 4. The output shaft of the motor 67 drives the rotating rod 65 to rotate. The rotating rod 65 drives the two vertical scrapers 66 to perform a scraping film operation on the inner side of the annular heat exchange box 4 through four fixed rods. At the same time, the rotating rod 65 drives the connecting sleeve 62 to rotate. The connecting sleeve 62 drives all the connecting rings 61 to rotate. Through the connection of the two connecting rods 64 between the connecting rings 61, multiple connecting rings 61 can be connected and fixed at the same time. When the connecting ring 61 at the top rotates, it can drive all the connecting rings 61 to rotate at the same time, thereby driving all the horizontal scrapers 63 to perform a scraping film operation on the grease liquid on the heating plate 11, thereby greatly increasing the evaporation area and improving the mass transfer efficiency.

[0037] Reference Figure 4 The distillation cooling mechanism 7 also includes two spiral heat exchange tubes 71, which are installed inside the cooling box 72. The top ends of the two spiral heat exchange tubes 71 are connected to the distillation column 2, and the top ends of the two spiral heat exchange tubes 71 are located above and below the shelf 3, respectively. A guide pipe 73 is installed on the top of the spiral heat exchange tube 71, and a valve is provided on the top of the spiral heat exchange tube 71. A solenoid valve 74 is installed on the guide pipe 73. A temperature sensor is installed at the bottom of the spiral heat exchange tube 71. A controller is installed on the outside of the distillation column 2, and the controller is connected to the temperature sensor and the solenoid valve 74. The impurities are cooled in the cooling box 72, and the impurity vapors evaporated from the two spaces in the distillation column 2 are condensed and flow out. The temperature is monitored by the temperature sensor at the bottom of the spiral heat exchange tube 71. When the outflowing temperature is too high, it indicates that there are many impurities on the inner wall of the spiral heat exchange tube 71. Then, the controller controls the solenoid valve 74 to open and the valve at the top of the spiral heat exchange tube 71 to close, preventing the cold water from flowing back into the distillation column 1 under negative pressure. This allows the water source in the cooling box 72 to be diverted and flow into the spiral heat exchange tube 71 through the diversion pipe 73, thereby cleaning the spiral heat exchange tube 71.

[0038] Reference Figure 2A concave tube 12 is installed on one side of the distillation column 2. A valve 13 is provided on the concave tube 12. The valve 13 is connected to the controller. The top and bottom ends of the concave tube 12 are located on the upper and lower sides of the shelf 3, respectively. Through the setting of the concave tube 12, the flow and replacement of oil liquid in the two spaces in the distillation column 2 can be carried out, and the flow can be controlled by the valve 13 and the controller.

[0039] Working Principle: During operation, a feed inlet is provided at the top of distillation column 2. The feed oil enters the first space within distillation column 2 through the feed inlet, undergoing preliminary distillation and impurity removal above the shelf 3. After preliminary distillation and impurity removal, the concave tube 12 allows for the exchange of oil liquid flow between the two spaces within distillation column 2. This exchange is controlled by valve 13 and a controller. Impurities within the two spiral heat exchange tubes 71 are cooled in the cooling box 72, condensing the impurity vapors evaporated from the two spaces within distillation column 2. Temperature is monitored by a temperature sensor at the bottom of the spiral heat exchange tubes 71. If the outflow temperature is too high, it indicates a large amount of impurities on the inner wall of the spiral heat exchange tubes 71. The controller then opens the solenoid valve 74, diverting water from the cooling box 72 into the spiral heat exchange tubes 71 via the diversion pipe 73. The spiral heat exchange tube 71 is cleaned, and a water pump is installed in the water storage tank 75 to pump water, which flows through the refrigeration unit 76 for cooling and then into the cooling box 72 for circulation cooling. Then, the motor 67 is switched on, and the output shaft of the motor 67 drives the rotating rod 65 to rotate. The rotating rod 65 drives two vertical scrapers 66 through four fixed rods to perform a scraping film operation on the inner side of the annular heat exchange box 4. At the same time, the rotating rod 65 drives the connecting sleeve 62 to rotate, which in turn drives all the connecting rings 61 to rotate. Through the connection of two connecting rods 64 between the connecting rings 61, multiple connecting rings 61 can be connected and fixed at the same time. When the upper connecting ring 61 rotates, it can drive all the connecting rings 61 to rotate at the same time, which in turn drives all the horizontal scrapers 63 to perform a scraping film operation on the grease liquid on the heating plate 11, thereby greatly increasing the evaporation area and improving the mass transfer efficiency.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-stage molecular distillation apparatus for improving the palatability of feed oils, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, A distillation column (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the base (1). A shelf (3) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the distillation column (2). An annular heat exchange box (4) is installed on the side inner wall of the distillation column (2). A heat exchange cylinder (5) is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the distillation column (2). A vacuum pump (8) is fixedly installed on the outside of the distillation column (2). A conduit (9) is installed on the vacuum pump (8). A branch pipe is installed on the conduit (9). The conduit (9) and the branch pipe are connected to the distillation column (2). The conduit (9) and the branch pipe are located above and below the shelf (3), respectively. A throttling valve (10) is installed on the conduit (9) and the branch pipe. The heating and scraping mechanism (6) includes multiple horizontal scrapers (63). Multiple heating plates (11) are installed on the side of the heat exchange cylinder (5). The heating plates (11) are hollow and are connected to the heat exchange cylinder (5). Two of the multiple horizontal scrapers (63) are in contact with the top of the heating plates (11). The distillation cooling mechanism (7) includes a cooling box (72). A water storage tank (75) is fixedly installed on the top of the base (1). The cooling box (72) is installed on the top of the water storage tank (75) and the cooling box (72) is connected to the water storage tank (75). A chiller (76) is installed on one side of the water storage tank (75). The chiller (76) is connected to the water storage tank (75), and the outlet of the chiller (76) is connected to a water supply pipe. The water supply pipe is connected to the top of the cooling box (72).

2. The multi-stage molecular distillation apparatus for improving the palatability of feed oils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating and scraping mechanism (6) includes multiple connecting rings (61), which are respectively set on the corresponding heating plate (11). The connecting rings (61) are fixedly connected to the corresponding two transverse scrapers (63), and two connecting rods (64) are installed between two adjacent connecting rings (61).

3. A multi-stage molecular distillation apparatus for improving the palatability of feed oils according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the distillation column (2) is rotatably connected to a rotating rod (65), and a motor (67) is fixedly installed on the top of the distillation column (2). The output shaft of the motor (67) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (65). A connecting sleeve (62) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating rod (65). The connecting sleeve (62) is fixedly connected to the two upper horizontal scrapers (63) among the multiple horizontal scrapers (63). Two fixed rods with four symmetrically arranged fixed rods are fixedly installed on the rotating rod (65). The same vertical scraper (66) is fixedly installed on the two fixed rods on the same side. The vertical scraper (66) is in contact with the inner side of the annular heat exchange box (4).

4. A multi-stage molecular distillation apparatus for improving the palatability of feed oils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distillation cooling mechanism (7) also includes two spiral heat exchange tubes (71), which are arranged in the cooling box (72). The top ends of the two spiral heat exchange tubes (71) are connected to the distillation column (2), and the top ends of the two spiral heat exchange tubes (71) are located above and below the shelf (3), respectively.

5. A multi-stage molecular distillation apparatus for improving the palatability of feed oils according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the spiral heat exchange tube (71) is equipped with a flow guide tube (73), and a solenoid valve (74) is provided on the flow guide tube (73). A temperature sensor is installed at the bottom of the spiral heat exchange tube (71), and a controller is installed on the outside of the distillation column (2). The controller is connected to the temperature sensor and the solenoid valve (74).

6. A multi-stage molecular distillation apparatus for improving the palatability of feed oils according to claim 1, characterized in that, A concave tube (12) is installed on one side of the distillation column (2). A valve (13) is provided on the concave tube (12). The valve (13) is connected to the controller. The top and bottom of the concave tube (12) are located on the upper and lower sides of the shelf (3), respectively.

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