A high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system suitable for battery room of thermal power plant

Abstract

A kind of high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system suitable for battery room of thermal power plant.The traditional scheme is mostly used top single side main air pipe with axial flow fan, or single main air pipe is matched with branch pipe evenly distributed, hydrogen density is low, easy to accumulate in top, and the efficiency of traditional side wall uniform exhaust is low.The utility model discloses a main air duct, branch pipe, vertical air pipe, ventilation unit and central controller, the main air duct includes lower air extraction main pipe and upper air supply main pipe;The branch pipe is connected with lower air extraction main pipe;The vertical air pipe is evenly distributed in the end of each branch pipe;The ventilation unit is communicated with upper air supply main pipe, and is arranged on the outer wall side of battery room, and the ventilation unit includes a main use explosion-proof axial ventilation fan and spare emergency hydrogen exhaust fan.The utility model is used for high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation of battery room of thermal power plant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of safety facilities technology for thermal power plants, and in particular to an improved pipe arrangement structure for a ventilation system in a battery room, which is suitable for enclosed spaces where there is a risk of hydrogen and acid mist accumulation. Background Technology

[0002] During the charging and discharging process, battery rooms in thermal power plants release hydrogen and acid mist. High concentrations of hydrogen can easily trigger an explosion, while acid mist can corrode equipment. Therefore, continuous ventilation is necessary to remove hydrogen (lower explosive limit 4%) and acid mist. Traditional solutions often use a single-sided main duct at the top paired with an axial flow fan, or a single main duct with evenly distributed branch ducts. However, these solutions have the following problems: 1. The hydrogen stratification effect is not utilized: Hydrogen has a low density and tends to accumulate at the top, while traditional sidewall uniform exhaust has low efficiency. 2. Insufficient ventilation in local dead corners: The fixed spacing between branch pipes leads to uneven airflow distribution, and gas stagnation easily forms in corner areas; 3. High energy consumption: The wind turbines need to operate at high power continuously to cover the high-risk areas; 4. Difficult to maintain: The pipeline layout is complex and the installation of detection sensors is inconvenient. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems existing in the background art mentioned above, thereby providing a high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system suitable for the battery room of thermal power plants.

[0004] The above objectives are achieved through the following scheme: A high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system suitable for battery rooms in thermal power plants comprises a main air duct, branch ducts, vertical air ducts, ventilation units, and a central controller. The main air duct includes a lower exhaust main duct and an upper supply main duct. The branch ducts are connected to the lower exhaust main duct. The vertical air ducts are evenly distributed at the ends of each branch duct. The ventilation units are connected to the upper supply main duct and are installed on the outer wall of the battery room. The ventilation units include a main explosion-proof axial flow fan and a backup emergency hydrogen exhaust fan. The central controller is electrically connected to the ventilation units and is used to receive signals from hydrogen concentration sensors and control the operation of the explosion-proof axial flow fan and the emergency hydrogen exhaust fan according to the signals.

[0005] The aforementioned high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system suitable for battery rooms in thermal power plants is described, wherein the main air duct, branch air ducts, and vertical air ducts are all made of stainless steel.

[0006] The aforementioned high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system for battery rooms in thermal power plants includes a central controller that is a programmable logic controller.

[0007] The aforementioned high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system for battery rooms in thermal power plants includes an explosion-proof axial flow fan and an emergency hydrogen exhaust fan connected in parallel. Beneficial effects

[0008] 1. This utility model actively extracts and discharges hydrogen from the source by organizing a directional airflow of "downward extraction and upward delivery". It utilizes the hydrogen's floating characteristics to accelerate its discharge, effectively preventing the local accumulation of hydrogen at the top and fundamentally eliminating the risk of explosion.

[0009] 2. The system of this utility model automatically adjusts the speed of the main fan according to the real-time hydrogen concentration to achieve "ventilation on demand", which minimizes the energy consumption of the fan under the premise of safety and significantly saves operating costs.

[0010] 3. This utility model adopts a dual-fan configuration with one fan in use and one on standby, and is equipped with an automatic emergency response mechanism. When the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard, the standby fan can be quickly started to fully discharge hydrogen, providing redundant safety assurance.

[0011] 4. This utility model adopts a scientific airflow organization to improve ventilation efficiency; the stainless steel material ensures the durability of the pipeline in corrosive environments and guarantees the long-term stable operation of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen venting port proposed in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a detailed layout diagram of the battery compartment proposed in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0013] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, a high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system suitable for battery rooms in thermal power plants includes a main air duct 1, branch ducts 2, vertical air ducts 3, ventilation units 4, and a central controller 5. The main air duct 1 includes a lower exhaust main duct 11 and an upper supply main duct 12. The branch ducts 2 are connected to the lower exhaust main duct 11. The vertical air ducts 3 are evenly distributed at the ends of each branch duct 2. The ventilation unit 4 is connected to the upper supply main duct 12 and is installed on the outer wall side of the battery room. The ventilation unit 4 includes a main explosion-proof axial flow fan 41 and a backup emergency hydrogen exhaust fan 42. The central controller 5 is electrically connected to the ventilation unit 4 and is used to receive hydrogen concentration sensor signals and control the operation of the explosion-proof axial flow fan 41 and the emergency hydrogen exhaust fan 42 according to the signals.

[0014] The main air duct 1, branch air duct 2, and vertical air duct 3 are all made of stainless steel.

[0015] The central controller 5 is a programmable logic controller.

[0016] The explosion-proof axial flow fan 41 and the emergency hydrogen exhaust fan 42 are connected in parallel.

[0017] The vertical air duct 3 and the branch duct 2 draw air from the top of the battery room and send air to the outside of the battery room through the main air duct 1.

[0018] The lower exhaust pipe 11 and the upper air supply pipe 12 form a "lower extraction and upper supply" airflow organization based on the rising characteristics of hydrogen to accelerate the discharge of hydrogen.

[0019] The central controller 5 is configured to: under normal operating conditions, automatically adjust the speed of the explosion-proof axial flow fan 41 according to the hydrogen concentration signal; and control the emergency hydrogen exhaust fan 42 to start when the hydrogen concentration value exceeds the first preset threshold.

[0020] The central controller 5 is also configured to control the explosion-proof axial flow fan 41 and the emergency hydrogen exhaust fan 42 to operate at maximum power simultaneously when the hydrogen concentration value exceeds a second preset threshold higher than the first preset threshold. The vertical air duct 3 and the branch pipe 2 draw air from the top of the battery room and send air to the outside of the battery room through the main air duct 1. The main air duct 1 is made of 304 stainless steel plate, which has excellent corrosion resistance. It includes a lower exhaust duct 11 and an upper air supply duct 12. The lower exhaust duct 11 has a rectangular cross-section, preferably 300mm×400mm, and is centrally located below the ceiling along the length of the battery room. The upper air supply duct 12 includes an air supply vertical pipe 121 and a horizontal air supply pipe 122. The air supply vertical pipe 121 is arranged vertically and connected to the lower exhaust duct 11.

[0021] The branch pipe 2 is also made of stainless steel and extends horizontally from both sides of the lower exhaust main pipe 11. The rectangular cross-sectional dimensions are preferably 200mm × 400mm. The vertical air duct 3 is evenly distributed at the ends of each branch pipe 2. The rectangular cross-sectional dimensions are preferably 200mm × 200mm. It extends vertically upward, and its exhaust port is 100mm to 150mm above the ceiling.

[0022] The ventilation unit 4 is connected to the upper air supply main pipe 12 and is installed on the fan platform reserved on the outer wall of the battery room. The ventilation unit 4 includes two fans connected in parallel: one is an explosion-proof axial flow fan 41, whose air volume can be adjusted by frequency conversion as needed; the other is a backup emergency hydrogen exhaust fan 42, which is a fixed-speed fan with a power and air volume greater than the main fan, and is specially designed for emergency high-flow hydrogen exhaust. Both fans are equipped with check valves at their outlets to prevent airflow short-circuiting.

[0023] The central controller 5 is electrically connected to the ventilation unit 4 and is used to receive hydrogen concentration sensor signals and control the operation of the explosion-proof axial flow fan 41 and the emergency hydrogen exhaust fan 42 according to the signals.

[0024] The central controller 5 is a standard PLC (such as a Siemens S7-1200 series), installed on the outer wall of the battery room. Inside the battery room, eight hydrogen concentration sensors 601 are evenly arranged, positioned directly above the battery rack 602, with their signal lines connected to the PLC's analog input module. The PLC program has the following preset core control logic: Normal operation mode: The system defaults to starting the explosion-proof axial flow fan 41. The PLC compares the real-time measurement value of the hydrogen concentration sensor 601 with the set value (such as hydrogen concentration volume ratio of 0.5%), and automatically outputs a 4-20mA signal to the frequency converter through PID calculation to smoothly adjust the fan speed and achieve ventilation on demand.

[0025] Emergency operation mode: When the reading of any hydrogen concentration sensor 601 exceeds the first safety threshold (e.g., 1%), the PLC immediately issues a command to start the emergency hydrogen exhaust fan 42, which runs at full speed at the power frequency. At this time, both fans work simultaneously to achieve maximum exhaust volume.

[0026] Over-limit alarm mode: If the concentration continues to rise and exceeds the second safety threshold (e.g., 3%), the PLC will not only keep the fan running at full speed, but also trigger an audible and visual alarm.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system suitable for battery rooms in thermal power plants, characterized in that: Its components include a main air duct, branch ducts, vertical ducts, ventilation units, and a central controller. The main air duct includes a lower exhaust duct and an upper supply duct. The branch ducts are connected to the lower exhaust duct. The vertical ducts are evenly distributed at the ends of each branch duct. The ventilation units are connected to the upper supply duct and are located on the outer wall of the battery room. The ventilation units include a main explosion-proof axial flow fan and a backup emergency hydrogen exhaust fan. The central controller is electrically connected to the ventilation units and is used to receive signals from the hydrogen concentration sensor and control the operation of the explosion-proof axial flow fan and the emergency hydrogen exhaust fan according to the signals.

2. The high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system for battery rooms in thermal power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main air duct, branch ducts, and vertical air ducts are all made of stainless steel.

3. A high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system suitable for battery rooms in thermal power plants according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central controller is a programmable logic controller.

4. A high-efficiency hydrogen exhaust ventilation system suitable for battery rooms in thermal power plants according to claim 3, characterized in that: The explosion-proof axial flow fan and the emergency hydrogen exhaust fan are connected in parallel.

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