Electric spindle for numerically controlled machine tools

Abstract

The utility model belongs to numerical control machine tool technical field, and disclose a kind of motorized spindle for numerical control machine tool, including motorized spindle body, the inside assembly of motorized spindle body is equipped with cold circulation structure and the outside assembly of motorized spindle body is equipped with mute shock absorption structure, the cold circulation structure includes the first circulation pipe and second circulation pipe being installed in motorized spindle body and the communicating pipe being located in the middle of first circulation pipe and second circulation pipe, by the cooperation of cold circulation structure and mute shock absorption structure, the segmented cooling of first circulation pipe, second circulation pipe and communicating pipe are formed, cooling liquid is directly circulated in motorized spindle, compared with traditional external cooling, it can faster take away operating heat, avoid internal temperature rise too high, while the shock absorption layer, high damping layer and elastic block of assembly sleeve inner wall in external mute shock absorption structure can inhibit high-frequency vibration, cooperate with external mute cotton to further block noise transmission, so that it can realize efficient heat dissipation while significantly reduce the vibration of motorized spindle operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and in particular to an electric spindle for CNC machine tools. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of CNC machine tools, the electric spindle, as a core component, plays a crucial role in driving the cutting tool or workpiece to rotate at high speed and with precision. Its emergence is a major innovation in traditional spindle technology. By integrating the spindle motor with the machine tool spindle, intermediate transmission links such as pulleys and gears are eliminated, realizing "zero transmission" of the machine tool.

[0003] In the process of realizing this invention, the inventors discovered at least the following problems in the prior art: In the prior art, electric spindles are usually provided with a circulating cooling channel on their exterior to dissipate heat through the circulation of coolant. However, this cooling method has inherent defects: Since the coolant only acts on the exterior of the electric spindle, heat exchange can only occur after the internal heat is conducted to the surface of the housing, resulting in a delayed heat dissipation response. Especially under high speed or heavy load conditions, it is easy to cause excessive temperature rise inside the spindle. At the same time, the vibration and noise generated during the operation of the electric spindle will be directly transmitted to the outside through the housing, which not only affects the overall operating stability of the machine tool, but may also cause interference to surrounding equipment and operators.

[0004] Therefore, the aforementioned technical problems need to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the basic technical solution proposed by this utility model is: an electric spindle for CNC machine tools, including an electric spindle body, wherein a cold circulation structure is assembled inside the electric spindle body and a silent vibration damping structure is assembled outside the electric spindle body. The cooling circulation structure includes a first circulation pipe and a second circulation pipe installed within the electric spindle body, and a connecting pipe located between the first and second circulation pipes. A transmission pipe connected to the first and second circulation pipes is installed at the right end of the electric spindle body for the input and output of coolant. Preferably, a protective cover is installed at the right end of the electric spindle body and outside the transmission tube, and a through hole for the first circulation tube and the second circulation tube is opened on the inner wall of the right end of the electric spindle body.

[0006] Preferably, a sealing gasket is installed at the through hole to prevent coolant from leaking from the through hole, and circulation grooves are formed on the inner walls of both the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the silent vibration reduction structure includes an externally fixed mounting of a mounting kit on the electric spindle body and a sound-absorbing cotton mounted on the outside of the mounting kit, as well as a vibration-damping layer and a high-damping layer mounted on the inner wall of the mounting kit.

[0008] Preferably, the damping layer and the high-damping layer are provided with elastic blocks arranged in a circular array, and the high-damping layer is wrapped around the electric spindle body.

[0009] Preferably, the high-damping layer is made of a material with high damping characteristics, which suppresses high-frequency vibrations of the electric spindle body during operation through its own damping characteristics, and the elastic block, the shock-absorbing layer and the sound-absorbing cotton work together to further reduce noise radiation.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: By combining a cold circulation structure with a silent vibration damping structure, the segmented cooling system, consisting of a first circulation pipe, a second circulation pipe, and a connecting pipe, allows the coolant to circulate directly inside the electric spindle. Compared to traditional external cooling, this can remove operating heat more quickly and prevent excessive internal temperature rise. At the same time, the external silent vibration damping structure is equipped with a damping layer, a high-damping layer, and elastic blocks on the inner wall to suppress high-frequency vibrations. Combined with external sound-absorbing cotton, this further blocks noise transmission, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation while significantly reducing vibration and noise during the operation of the electric spindle. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model. Figure 3 .

[0012] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Electric spindle body; 2. Cold circulation structure; 21. First circulation pipe; 22. Second circulation pipe; 23. Connecting pipe; 24. Transmission pipe; 25. Protective cover; 3. Silent and shock-absorbing structure; 31. Assembly kit; 32. Silent cotton; 33. Shock-absorbing layer; 34. High damping layer; 35. Elastic block. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The following will be combined with the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0014] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this utility model, the directions shown in the accompanying drawings shall prevail, such as front and back. Figure 1 For the sake of accuracy, the specific details should be as follows: Figure 1 The left side is the front. Figure 1 The right side is the rear; at the same time, as Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal direction is roughly defined as left and right, and the vertical direction is defined as up and down. If a specific orientation changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. Example 1

[0015] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an electric spindle for CNC machine tools, including an electric spindle body 1, a cold circulation structure 2 installed inside the electric spindle body 1, and a silent vibration damping structure 3 installed outside the electric spindle body 1. The cold circulation structure 2 includes a first circulation pipe 21 and a second circulation pipe 22 installed inside the electric spindle body 1, and a connecting pipe 23 located in the middle of the first circulation pipe 21 and the second circulation pipe 22. A transmission pipe 24 connected to the first circulation pipe 21 and the second circulation pipe 22 is installed at the right end of the electric spindle body 1 for the input and output of coolant. A solenoid valve is provided at the transmission pipe 24.

[0016] This invention addresses the inherent drawbacks of existing electric spindle cooling systems that rely on external circulation channels. These systems suffer from the following: the coolant only acts on the outside, requiring heat to be transferred to the housing surface for exchange, resulting in a delayed cooling response; the spindle is prone to overheating under high speeds or heavy loads; and vibrations and noise are directly transmitted to the outside through the housing, affecting machine stability and interfering with surrounding equipment and operators. Therefore, this invention utilizes a combination of a cold circulation structure 2 and a silent vibration damping structure 3. The segmented cooling system, consisting of a first circulation pipe 21, a second circulation pipe 22, and a connecting pipe 23, allows the coolant to circulate directly within the electric spindle. Compared to traditional external cooling, this system removes heat more quickly, preventing excessive internal temperature rise. Simultaneously, the external silent vibration damping structure 3, with its damping layer 33, high-damping layer 34, and elastic block 35 on the inner wall of the matching 31, suppresses high-frequency vibrations. Combined with external sound-absorbing cotton 32, this further blocks noise transmission, achieving efficient heat dissipation while significantly reducing vibration and noise during spindle operation. Example 2

[0017] like Figure 2 - Figure 4As shown, a protective cover 25 is installed on the right end of the electric spindle body 1 and outside the transmission pipe 24. A through hole for the first circulation pipe 21 and the second circulation pipe 22 is opened on the inner wall of the right end of the electric spindle body 1. A sealing gasket is installed at the through hole to prevent coolant from leaking from the through hole. Circulation grooves are opened on the inner walls of the first circulation pipe 21 and the second circulation pipe 22. The silent vibration damping structure 3 includes a mounting kit 31 fixedly installed on the outside of the electric spindle body 1 and a sound-dampening cotton 32 installed on the outside of the mounting kit 31, as well as a damping layer 33 and a high-damping layer 34 installed on the inner wall of the mounting kit 31. The damping layer 33 and the high-damping layer 34 are provided with elastic blocks 35 arranged in a circular array. The high-damping layer 34 is wrapped around the electric spindle body 1 and is made of a material with high damping characteristics. It suppresses the high-frequency vibration of the electric spindle body 1 during operation through its own damping characteristics. The elastic blocks 35, the damping layer 33 and the sound-dampening cotton 32 work together to further reduce noise radiation.

[0018] It is worth noting that the working principle of the electric spindle body 1 is common knowledge well known to those skilled in the art and has been fully disclosed in the prior art, so it will not be elaborated further in this article. The protective cover 25 can provide physical protection for the transmission pipe 24, avoiding it from collisions, friction or other potential damage from the external environment, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of coolant transmission and extending the service life of the transmission pipe 24 and the entire cold circulation structure 2. The sealing gasket can effectively prevent coolant from leaking from the through hole during circulation. This not only ensures that the coolant can circulate in the electric spindle body 1 according to the predetermined path, improving cooling efficiency, but also avoids damage or performance degradation of the electric spindle body 1 due to coolant leakage. Circulation grooves are opened on the inner walls of the first circulation pipe 21 and the second circulation pipe 22, increasing the flow path of the coolant in the pipe. The diameter and contact area help improve the heat exchange efficiency between the coolant and the electric spindle body 1. This design allows the coolant to absorb the heat generated by the electric spindle body 1 more fully, thereby more effectively reducing the operating temperature of the electric spindle. Through the combined design of the fitting 31, sound-absorbing cotton 32, vibration-damping layer 33 and high-damping layer 34, as well as the circular array distribution of elastic blocks 35, comprehensive silent vibration reduction treatment of the electric spindle body 1 is achieved. The high-damping layer 34 is made of a material with high damping characteristics, which can effectively suppress high-frequency vibration during the operation of the electric spindle and reduce the noise generated by vibration. At the same time, the combined use of elastic blocks 35, vibration-damping layer 33 and sound-absorbing cotton 32 further reduces noise radiation, improves the quietness and stability of the electric spindle operation, and helps to extend the service life of the electric spindle and reduce maintenance costs.

[0019] Work steps: First, before the electric spindle starts operating, the external coolant storage and transmission structure (e.g., coolant storage tank and extraction pump, which is existing technology; in existing technology, heat dissipation also requires connection to an external device) is connected to the transmission pipe 24, allowing coolant to enter through the transmission pipe 24. At this time, the coolant is input into the first circulation pipe 21 through the transmission pipe 24, and then enters the second circulation pipe 22 through the connecting pipe 23. It circulates within the first and second circulation pipes 21 and 22. The circulation grooves on the inner walls of the pipes increase the coolant flow path and contact area, improving heat exchange efficiency and quickly removing heat from the electric spindle to prevent excessive temperature rise. When the electric spindle is in operation, the silent vibration damping structure 3 comes into play. The high damping layer 34 on the inner wall of the fitting 31 suppresses the high-frequency vibration of the electric spindle by its own high damping characteristics. The damping layer 33 works in conjunction with the circular array of elastic blocks 35 to further buffer the vibration. The external sound-absorbing cotton 32 blocks the transmission of noise and reduces noise radiation. During operation, the protective cover 25 provides physical protection for the transmission pipe 24 to prevent it from being damaged by the outside world. The sealing gasket at the through hole prevents coolant leakage and ensures stable circulation of coolant. In this way, the electric spindle can effectively dissipate heat while significantly reducing vibration and noise during operation and maintaining stable operation of the machine tool.

[0020] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to this utility model should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model. Furthermore, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of explanation and do not constitute any limitation on this utility model.

Claims

1. An electric spindle for a CNC machine tool, comprising an electric spindle body (1), characterized in that: The electric spindle body (1) is equipped with a cold circulation structure (2) inside and a silent vibration damping structure (3) outside. The cooling circulation structure (2) includes a first circulation pipe (21) and a second circulation pipe (22) installed in the electric spindle body (1), and a connecting pipe (23) located in the middle of the first circulation pipe (21) and the second circulation pipe (22). The right end of the electric spindle body (1) is equipped with a transmission pipe (24) that is connected to the first circulation pipe (21) and the second circulation pipe (22) for the input and output of coolant.

2. The electric spindle for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective cover (25) is installed on the right end of the electric spindle body (1) and outside the transmission tube (24). A through hole for the first circulation tube (21) and the second circulation tube (22) is opened on the inner wall of the right end of the electric spindle body (1).

3. The electric spindle for a CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing gasket is installed at the through hole to prevent coolant from leaking from the through hole. The inner walls of the first circulation pipe (21) and the second circulation pipe (22) are both provided with circulation grooves.

4. The electric spindle for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silent vibration reduction structure (3) includes an external mounting kit (31) and a silent cotton (32) installed on the outside of the mounting kit (31) of the electric spindle body (1), as well as a vibration reduction layer (33) and a high damping layer (34) installed on the inner wall of the mounting kit (31).

5. The electric spindle for a CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The damping layer (33) and the high damping layer (34) are provided with elastic blocks (35) arranged in a circular array, and the high damping layer (34) is wrapped around the electric spindle body (1).

6. The electric spindle for a CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high-damping layer (34) is made of a material with high damping characteristics. It suppresses the high-frequency vibration of the electric spindle body (1) during operation through its own damping characteristics. The elastic block (35), the shock-absorbing layer (33) and the sound-absorbing cotton (32) work together to further reduce noise radiation.

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