Support mechanism suitable for machining of elongated shafts and elongated shaft cutting device using the same

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of support mechanism suitable for slender shaft processing and the slender shaft cutting device using it, comprising: at least two follow tool holders are arranged along the axial direction interval of slender shaft;Each follow tool holder includes support frame, support seat arranged on support frame, and pressing plate arranged on the lateral side of support seat;Wherein pressing plate is connected with support seat by at least two elastic connecting components, and the end surface of facing each other between pressing plate and support seat forms the matching cavity suitable for slender shaft passing;Each elastic connecting component includes the rod fastener suitable for being connected with support seat after being penetrated through pressing plate, and the elastic member suitable for being abutted with the top end of pressing plate away from support seat and being sleeved on rod fastener.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cutting equipment technology, and in particular to a support mechanism suitable for machining slender shafts and a slender shaft cutting device using the same. Background Technology

[0002] During the machining process of the lead screw, a spiral groove is formed on the outer surface of the slender shaft by combining cutting operations with the slender shaft product. During the formation of the spiral groove, because the length-to-diameter ratio of the slender shaft product is more than 20, the rigidity of the slender shaft product is generally poor. Under the action of cutting force, the slender shaft is prone to bending deformation, which disrupts the accuracy of the relative motion trajectory between the tool and the slender shaft. On the one hand, this results in the machined slender shaft having a shape that is thick in the middle and thin at both ends. On the other hand, the bending deformation of the slender shaft may also cause vibration of the process system, thereby affecting the surface roughness of the product, making it difficult to ensure that the quality of the slender shaft meets the requirements.

[0003] Based on the above, a specific support structure is needed to provide reliable support for the cutting process of the slender shaft. This support must not only prevent the slender shaft from undergoing axial bending deformation, but also not interfere with the rotational motion of the slender shaft.

[0004] To address this, auxiliary tooling, specifically a follow post, is typically added to the lathe's slide to reliably support the slender shaft. During actual machining, the follow post moves axially along the slender shaft along with the machining tool, ultimately forming a helical groove on the outer surface of the shaft through the rotational motion of the shaft relative to the follow post. For example, CN208628894 U discloses a follow post with dual-sided support, which uses a combination of jaws and an arc-shaped rod to support different end faces of the slender shaft, and rollers are designed at the contact points between the jaws and the arc-shaped rod and the outer wall of the slender shaft. Based on this disclosed technology, actual research has revealed the following main problems: While the roller design enables rolling friction between the roller and the outer circumferential surface of the slender shaft, improving the smoothness of its rotation, the roller design still results in a short contact length with the slender shaft. Therefore, multiple follower posts need to be spaced out to improve the reliability of the support for the slender shaft. The distribution of multiple follower posts not only complicates the overall cutting device structure but also makes it difficult to calibrate the coaxiality of the rollers on the multiple follower posts. If the coaxiality of the rollers on the multiple follower posts cannot be ensured, the support points of different rollers on the slender shaft will deviate, thus affecting the machining accuracy of the slender shaft.

[0005] In summary, given the existing problems with the slender shaft support mechanism, further optimization of its overall structure is needed. Utility Model Content

[0006] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a support mechanism suitable for machining slender shafts, thereby addressing the technical problem of optimizing its overall structure.

[0007] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a slender shaft cutting device to address the technical problem of optimizing the overall structure of its support mechanism.

[0008] The support mechanism of this utility model suitable for machining slender shafts is implemented as follows: A support mechanism suitable for machining slender shafts includes: at least two follower posts arranged at axial intervals along the slender shaft; Each of the aforementioned follow-up tool holders includes a support frame, a support base mounted on the support frame, and a pressure plate located on the upper side of the support base; wherein The pressure plate is connected to the support base by at least two elastic connecting components, and a mating cavity suitable for a slender shaft to pass through is formed between the facing end faces of the pressure plate and the support base. Each of the resilient connection components includes a rod-shaped fastener adapted to pass through the pressure plate and connect to the support, and an elastic element sleeved on the rod-shaped fastener and adapted to abut against the top of the pressure plate facing away from the support.

[0009] In an optional embodiment of this invention, each of the tool holders further includes a pad suitable for supporting an elongated shaft, located on the side of the support seat facing the pressure plate.

[0010] In an optional embodiment of this invention, the pad and the support base are detachably coupled.

[0011] In an optional embodiment of this invention, the wall surface of the pad used to support the slender shaft is either a plane or a V-shaped concave surface.

[0012] In an optional embodiment of this invention, the wall surface of the pressure plate that contacts the outer surface of the slender shaft is a V-shaped wall with an opening facing the slender shaft.

[0013] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the angle of the V-shaped wall is 115° to 125°.

[0014] In optional embodiments of this invention, at least two of the tool holders employ pressure plates with the same angle of the V-shaped wall; and The line connecting the apex of the V-shaped wall on the pressure plate of at least two of the aforementioned follower posts is parallel to the axial direction of the slender shaft.

[0015] In optional embodiments of this invention, the rod-shaped fastener is a long screw, and the elastic element is a spring; and At least two of the aforementioned follower posts use elastic connection assemblies in which the long screws and springs have the same dimensions and parameters.

[0016] The slender shaft cutting device of this utility model is implemented as follows: A slender shaft cutting device, comprising at least the aforementioned support mechanism suitable for machining slender shafts.

[0017] In an optional embodiment of this invention, the slender shaft cutting device further includes a translation drive structure for simultaneously supporting all follower posts to drive the follower posts to move axially along the slender shaft.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: The support mechanism for machining slender shafts and the slender shaft cutting device using it achieve clamping of the slender shaft through a pressure plate and a support frame, which increases the axial contact length with the slender shaft, thereby reducing the number of follower posts required and lowering the difficulty of calibrating pressure plates for different follower posts. Furthermore, the pressure plate and the support frame are connected by an elastic connecting component, ensuring that the slender shaft clamped between the pressure plate and the support frame will not be locked by the pressure plate and the support frame during rotation, thus preventing normal rotation. In other words, the elastic connecting component allows the slender shaft to rotate smoothly while being reliably supported axially. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a partial first-view structural schematic diagram of the slender shaft cutting device of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a partial second-view structural schematic diagram of the slender shaft cutting device of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism of this utility model applicable to the machining of slender shafts; Figure 4 This is a partially exploded structural diagram of the slender shaft cutting device of this utility model.

[0020] In the figure: slender shaft 1, support frame 21, support base 22, assembly groove 221, pressure plate 23, V-shaped wall 231, pad block 24, long screw 31, spring 32, spindle chuck 6. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the contents of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example 1: Please see Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a support mechanism suitable for machining slender shafts, including at least two follower posts arranged at axial intervals along the slender shaft 1. The general structure and implementation principle of the at least two follower posts used in this embodiment are the same; therefore, this embodiment will illustrate the structure of any one of the follower posts with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Each follower post includes a support frame 21, a support seat 22 mounted on the support frame 21, and a pressure plate 23 located on the upper side of the support seat 22. The pressure plate 23 is generally flat, and the pressure plate 23 and the support seat 22 are located at the upper and lower ends of the slender shaft 1, respectively, to form a clamping effect on the slender shaft 1. It should be noted that the support frame 21 and the support seat 22 can be an integrated design or a separate assembly structure; this embodiment does not impose an absolute limitation on this. When two follower posts are used, the dimensions of the two follower posts along the axial direction of the slender shaft 1 can be different. However, for the pressure plate 23, which is in direct contact with the slender shaft 1, the wall surface in contact with the slender shaft 1 needs to be set with the same structure. This achieves a balanced support effect for different parts of the slender shaft 1 along its axial dimension, reducing the problem of deformation of the slender shaft 1 due to differences in the supporting force.

[0024] Based on the above, this embodiment considers that the required clamping space varies depending on the outer diameter of the slender shaft 1. To improve the adaptability of the support mechanism to slender shafts 1 with different outer diameters within a certain range, a pad 24 is designed on the support base 22. The pad 24 is detachably fitted to the support base 22. Therefore, for slender shafts 1 with different outer diameters, only a pad 24 of suitable size needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire tool holder 4. The pad 24 in this embodiment needs to directly contact the outer surface of the slender shaft 1. Therefore, the wall surface of the pad 24 used to support the slender shaft 1 can be a flat surface or a V-shaped concave surface; both of these theoretically meet the usage requirements of this embodiment.

[0025] The pad 24 here can be detachably connected to the support base 22 by a plug-in engagement. The support base 22 has a pre-set assembly groove 221, and the pad 24 can be snapped into the assembly groove 221 of the support base 22 along the axial direction of the slender shaft 1. The plug-in engagement method makes disassembly and assembly very convenient.

[0026] Next, it should be noted that during the process of machining the spiral groove on the slender shaft 1, the slender shaft 1 needs to rotate under the action of an external clamping structure, such as, but not limited to, the spindle chuck 6 of a lathe. Therefore, to prevent the clamping force exerted by the pressure plate 23 and the pad 24 on the slender shaft 1 from being too large and causing the slender shaft 1 to jam and unable to rotate normally, in this embodiment, the pressure plate 23 is connected to the support seat 22 through at least two elastic connecting components, and a mating cavity suitable for the slender shaft 1 to pass through is formed between the facing end faces of the pressure plate 23 and the support seat 22. It should be noted that when the axial dimension of the pressure plate 23 along the slender shaft 1 is long, the number of connecting structures required between the pressure plate 23 and the support seat 22 is also relatively large. Here, only some of the connecting structures can use elastic connecting components, while the rest can use ordinary long screws to limit the pressure plate 23 and the support seat 22 in the axial dimension perpendicular to the slender shaft 1.

[0027] Referring to the accompanying drawings, in one optional embodiment, each elastic connection assembly includes a rod-shaped fastener adapted to pass through the pressure plate 23 and connect to the support base 22, and an elastic element sleeved on the rod-shaped fastener and adapted to abut against the top of the pressure plate 23 facing away from the support base 22. Here, the optional rod-shaped fastener is a long screw 31, and the elastic element is a spring 32. The long screw 31 is a shoulder screw; when the long screw 31 passes through the pressure plate 23 and is locked onto the support base 22, the spring 32 is compressed, thereby subjecting the pressure plate 23 and the support base 22 to downward pressure. Therefore, it should be noted that, since different follower posts need to generate a balanced clamping force on the circumference of the slender shaft 1 when supporting the same slender shaft 1, the dimensions and parameters of the long screw 31 and spring 32 in the elastic connection assemblies used by at least two follower posts are identical, thereby avoiding the problem of inconsistent forces caused by different parts. In this embodiment, the design of the elastic connection component allows the pressure plate 23 and the pad 24 to not only clamp the slender shaft 1, but also to produce an adaptive fit as the slender shaft 1 rotates, thereby improving the smoothness of the rotational movement of the slender shaft 1.

[0028] Furthermore, it should be noted that regarding the circumferential fit between the pressure plate 23 and the slender shaft 1 in this embodiment, the larger the contact area between the pressure plate 23 and the slender shaft 1, the greater the downward pressure exerted by the pressure plate 23 on the slender shaft 1. This increased pressure inevitably creates resistance to the rotation of the slender shaft 1. Conversely, insufficient pressure may lead to the failure of the limiting mechanism on the slender shaft 1, resulting in vibration during cutting and affecting the accuracy of the cutting operation. Therefore, to balance limiting the slender shaft 1 with avoiding excessive or insufficient pressure exerted by the pressure plate 23 on the slender shaft 1, this embodiment employs the following design: The pressure plate 23 has a V-shaped wall 231 with an opening facing the slender shaft 1, which is used to contact the outer surface of the slender shaft 1. It is necessary to note that the angle of the V-shaped wall 231 on the pressure plate 23 used by at least two tool holders is the same; and the line connecting the apex angles of the V-shaped wall 231 on the pressure plate 23 used by at least two tool holders is parallel to the axial direction of the slender shaft 1. This design ensures that the reliability of the rotation process of the slender shaft 1 is not affected by the different points of force application when different tool holders support the slender shaft 1.

[0029] Based on the above structure, it should also be noted that the angle of the V-shaped wall 231 of the pressure plate 23 is 115° to 125°, and preferably 120°. Therefore, this embodiment tested the pressure generated on the slender shaft 1 under several different angles of the V-shaped wall 231, and the results are shown in the table below:

[0030] When the pressure on the slender shaft 1 is 100N, it easily jams and cannot rotate during machining. When the pressure on the slender shaft 1 is 30N, the pressure is too low, less than the cutting force (the cutting force on the slender shaft 1 during the machining of the spiral groove is about 40N), and vibration occurs. The research results show that the V-shaped wall 231 angle of the pressure plate 23 is 120°, at which point the slender shaft 1 will neither be completely locked nor vibrate. In addition, with the V-shaped wall 231 angle of the pressure plate 23 at 120°, on the one hand, there are only two contact points with the slender shaft 1 in the circumferential direction, which can greatly reduce friction and thus reduce the rotational resistance of the slender shaft 1; on the other hand, the pressure plate 23 can also play an automatic centering role in the cooperation with the slender shaft 1, which greatly improves the machining efficiency (the conventional centering method is to use a dial indicator to check the concentricity after installation, which is inefficient).

[0031] In summary, the support mechanism for machining slender shafts in this embodiment can not only provide reliable support for the axial dimension of the slender shaft 1, but also achieve an adaptive fit effect for the rotation process of the slender shaft 1.

[0032] Example 2: Please see Figures 1 to 4 As shown, based on the support mechanism for machining slender shafts in Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a slender shaft cutting device, which includes at least the support mechanism for machining slender shafts in Embodiment 1. Of course, the overall slender shaft cutting device is inseparable from the cutting tool assembly. For the stored cutting tool assembly, mature methods in the prior art can be selected. This embodiment does not make any improvements in this regard, so its specific structure is not absolutely limited in this embodiment.

[0033] It is understood that the slender shaft cutting device of this embodiment also includes a translation drive structure for simultaneously supporting all follower posts to drive the follower posts to move axially along the slender shaft 1. For this translation drive structure, any mature method in the prior art can be used, such as a linear screw module combined with a slide rail slider structure. This embodiment does not impose an absolute limitation on this; any situation that can simultaneously achieve the axial movement of all follower posts along the slender shaft 1 without interfering with the normal use of the follower posts meets the usage requirements of this embodiment.

[0034] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0036] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above or below" the first feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on" the first feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the first feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

Claims

1. A support mechanism suitable for machining slender shafts, characterized in that, include: At least two follower posts are arranged at axial intervals along a slender axis; Each of the aforementioned follower posts includes a support frame, a support seat mounted on the support frame, and a pressure plate mounted on the upper side of the support seat; in The pressure plate is connected to the support base by at least two elastic connecting components, and a mating cavity suitable for a slender shaft to pass through is formed between the facing end faces of the pressure plate and the support base. Each of the resilient connection components includes a rod-shaped fastener adapted to pass through the pressure plate and connect to the support, and an elastic element sleeved on the rod-shaped fastener and adapted to abut against the top of the pressure plate facing away from the support.

2. The support mechanism for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned follower posts also includes a pad suitable for supporting an elongated shaft, located on the side of the support seat facing the pressure plate.

3. The support mechanism for machining slender shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pad and the support base are detachably connected.

4. The support mechanism for machining slender shafts according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The wall surface of the pad used to support the slender shaft is either a plane or a V-shaped concave surface.

5. The support mechanism for machining slender shafts according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The wall surface of the pressure plate that contacts the outer surface of the slender shaft is a V-shaped wall with an opening facing the slender shaft.

6. The support mechanism for machining slender shafts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle of the V-shaped wall is 115° to 125°.

7. The support mechanism for machining slender shafts according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least two of the aforementioned follow-tool holders use the same angle for the V-shaped wall on their respective pressure plates; and The line connecting the apex of the V-shaped wall on the pressure plate of at least two of the aforementioned follower posts is parallel to the axial direction of the slender shaft.

8. The support mechanism for machining slender shafts according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The rod-shaped fastener is a long screw, and the elastic element is a spring; and At least two of the aforementioned follower posts use elastic connection assemblies in which the long screws and springs have the same dimensions and parameters.

9. A slender shaft cutting device, characterized in that, It includes at least the support mechanism for machining slender shafts as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The slender shaft cutting device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The slender shaft cutting device also includes a translation drive structure for simultaneously supporting all follower posts to drive the follower posts to move axially along the slender shaft.

Images