A novel clamp switching mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a novel clamp switching mechanism and belongs to the technical field of machinery, comprising a base, two groups of X-axis moving mechanisms, two groups of Y-axis moving mechanisms and multiple groups of clamping mechanisms. The two groups of Y-axis moving mechanisms adopt Y-axis driving air cylinders matched with the transmission structure of two hinged connecting rods, the linear motion of the air cylinders can be stably converted into the lifting motion of the connecting plates, the accurate displacement adjustment of the clamping mechanisms in the Y-axis direction can be realized, the position accuracy in the vertical direction is ensured, the load of the clamping mechanisms and workpieces can be dispersedly transmitted to the fixed support through the force transmission structure formed by the two hinged connecting rods, the Y-axis driving air cylinder can avoid directly bearing the load, the wear or damage risk of the air cylinder due to bearing the additional load is reduced, and the service life of the Y-axis driving air cylinder is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mechanical technology, and in particular to a novel clamp switching mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In today's automotive manufacturing industry, with the accelerated pace of product upgrades, higher demands are being placed on fixture switching mechanisms during automotive workpiece processing. Especially in multi-model co-production models, the efficiency, stability, and durability of fixture switching components have become key factors affecting production efficiency and costs.

[0003] For related technology, please refer to announcement number CN216462758U, which discloses a flexible clamp switching mechanism, including a support device, a positioning device, a clamping device, and a position sensing device. The support device is equipped with the positioning device, and the guide plate of the positioning device is connected to the bottom of the clamp. The bottom of the clamp is locked by the clamping device. The position sensing device is installed on the support device. The positioning requires the cooperation of the support device and the positioning device, and the guide plate assembled on the bottom of the clamp is used for positioning.

[0004] The aforementioned device provides support to the fixture by having the cylinder output end act directly on it. However, this design has significant drawbacks. Because the cylinder directly bears various forces from the working process, including but not limited to the impact force during fixture switching and the vibration transmission force generated during workpiece machining, these external forces acting directly on the cylinder will cause severe wear to the internal structure of the cylinder, such as the telescopic rod and piston, during long-term and frequent use, thus reducing the cylinder's service life.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes a novel clamp switching mechanism that can reduce the force exerted on the cylinder and improve its service life. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, in order to reduce the force on the cylinder and improve the service life of the cylinder, this application provides a novel clamp switching mechanism.

[0007] This application provides a novel clamp switching mechanism, comprising: The base is used to support the load. Two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the base; Two sets of Y-axis moving mechanisms are respectively mounted on two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms. The Y-axis moving mechanism includes a fixed support slidably connected to the X-axis moving mechanism and a slide rail vertically mounted on the fixed support. It also includes a Y-axis drive cylinder fixedly mounted on the fixed support and two hinged connecting rods. The output end of the Y-axis drive cylinder is hingedly connected to the hinge point of the two connecting rods. The other ends of the two connecting rods are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed support and a connecting plate slidably connected to the slide rail. By extending and retracting the Y-axis drive cylinder, the included angle of the two connecting rods changes, thereby causing the connecting plate on the slide rail to move up and down.

[0008] Multiple clamping mechanisms are located on the Y-axis moving mechanism and are used to clamp workpieces.

[0009] The base provides a stable bearing foundation, ensuring the structural stability of the overall mechanism during operation. Two sets of opposing X-axis moving mechanisms allow for synchronous or independent position adjustment of the Y-axis moving mechanisms and clamping mechanisms they support in the X-axis direction. This adapts to the clamping position requirements of different workpieces in the horizontal dimension, enhancing the mechanism's adaptability to differences in workpiece lateral dimensions. In the two sets of Y-axis moving mechanisms, the extension and retraction of the Y-axis drive cylinder drives the angle between two hinged connecting rods, thereby driving the connecting plate on the slide rail to move up and down. This structural design efficiently achieves precise displacement adjustment of the clamping mechanism in the Y-axis direction. Through the transmission of the connecting rod group, the linear motion of the cylinder is stably converted into the lifting motion of the connecting plate, featuring smooth transmission, rapid response, and a compact structure. This helps ensure the vertical positional accuracy of the clamping mechanism. Simultaneously, the transmission structure formed by the two hinged connecting rods can distribute the load of the clamping mechanism and workpiece to the fixed support, preventing the Y-axis drive cylinder from directly bearing the load. This effectively reduces the risk of wear or damage to the cylinder due to additional load, extending the service life of the Y-axis drive cylinder and improving the overall durability and operational reliability of the mechanism.

[0010] Optionally, the base has grooves at the locations of the two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms, and multiple sets of positioning devices are evenly spaced within the grooves. The groove structure can protect the positioning device and prevent external impurities from directly contacting the positioning components and affecting its positioning performance.

[0011] Optionally, the base may also be provided with a grid-like structure for positioning. By using a grid-like geometric layout, a unified two-dimensional coordinate positioning system is constructed within the base plane, providing standardized installation and positioning reference benchmarks for various functional modules. This allows the positional relationships of each component to be accurately expressed through grid coordinates, significantly improving the accuracy and repeatability of system integration.

[0012] Optionally, multiple sets of the positioning devices are also distributed in the edge area of ​​the base. Improve the accuracy of workpiece positioning.

[0013] Optionally, the base is further provided with a support mechanism, which includes four sets of support columns vertically arranged on the base. The four sets of support columns are distributed in pairs on both sides of the groove, and a clamping mechanism is fixedly provided at the upper end of each set of support columns. A stable three-dimensional support system is constructed by four sets of support columns, and the clamping mechanism is fixed to a specific working plane above the base. It forms a spatially coordinated layout with the clamping mechanism on the Y-axis moving mechanism, effectively separating the positioning function and the clamping function, and avoiding the risk of interference between moving parts and fixed parts.

[0014] Optionally, the X-axis moving mechanism includes a support base fixedly connected to the base and an X-axis drive cylinder fixedly on the support base. A guide rail is provided above the support base, and a sliding plate for fixed connection to a fixed support is slidably connected to the guide rail. The output end of the X-axis drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding plate. The extension and retraction of the X-axis drive cylinder causes the sliding plate to slide along the extension direction of the guide rail. The drive cylinder and guide rail are integrated into an independent functional module by means of a support base, which facilitates overall assembly and disassembly and reduces maintenance complexity. The linear motion pair formed by the guide rail and the sliding plate converts the thrust of the X-axis drive cylinder into high-precision linear motion through rolling or sliding friction, which has lower frictional resistance, higher response speed and smaller return error.

[0015] Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes a welded support fixedly connected to the connecting plate of the Y-axis moving mechanism, and a pin cylinder for clamping the workpiece is fixedly provided on the welded support via a connecting member. By integrating the pin cylinder into an independent functional module through welding supports, the standardization and replaceability of workpiece clamping functions are achieved; the structural design of the pin cylinder enables rapid positioning and clamping of workpieces, improving work efficiency.

[0016] Optionally, a limiting block is fixedly provided at the upper end of the slide rail to restrict the connecting plate from continuing to move upward, and a gasket is provided on the side of the limiting block near the connecting plate. Improve the stability of the Y-axis moving structure.

[0017] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This invention utilizes a transmission structure consisting of two sets of Y-axis moving mechanisms, a Y-axis driven cylinder, and two hinged connecting rods. This structure can stably convert the linear motion of the cylinder into the lifting motion of the connecting plate. This not only enables precise displacement adjustment of the clamping mechanism in the Y-axis direction, ensuring its vertical position accuracy, but also allows the force transmission structure formed by the two hinged connecting rods to distribute the load of the clamping mechanism and the workpiece to the fixed support. This avoids the Y-axis driven cylinder directly bearing the load, reducing the risk of wear or damage to the cylinder due to additional load, and thus extending the service life of the Y-axis driven cylinder. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a novel clamp switching mechanism.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the X-axis movement mechanism in a novel fixture switching mechanism.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the Y-axis moving mechanism in a novel fixture switching mechanism.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram used to illustrate another angle of the Y-axis movement mechanism in a novel fixture switching mechanism.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the clamping mechanism in a novel clamp switching mechanism.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Base; 2. X-axis moving mechanism; 201. Support base; 202. X-axis drive cylinder; 203. Guide rail; 204. Sliding plate; 3. Y-axis moving mechanism; 301. Fixed support; 302. Sliding rail; 303. Y-axis drive cylinder; 304. Connecting rod; 305. Connecting plate; 306. Limiting block; 307. Shim; 4. Clamping mechanism; 401. Welded support; 402. Pin cylinder; 5. Groove; 6. Positioning device; 7. Support mechanism; 701. Support column. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to all the accompanying drawings.

[0025] This application discloses a novel clamp switching mechanism.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 A novel clamp switching mechanism includes: a base 1, two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms 2, two sets of Y-axis moving mechanisms 3, and multiple sets of clamping mechanisms 4.

[0027] Reference Figure 1The base 1 is equipped with a grid structure for positioning. The base 1 provides a stable bearing foundation, ensuring the structural stability of the overall mechanism during operation. At the same time, the grid-like geometric layout constructs a unified two-dimensional coordinate positioning system in the plane of the base 1, providing a standardized installation and positioning reference for various functional modules. This allows the positional relationship of each component to be accurately expressed through grid coordinates, significantly improving the accuracy and repeatability of system integration.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 The base 1 has grooves 5 at the locations of the two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms 2. Multiple positioning devices 6 are evenly spaced within the grooves 5, and these devices are also distributed along the edge of the base 1, improving the accuracy of workpiece positioning. The grooves 5 also protect the positioning devices 6, preventing external impurities from directly contacting the positioning components and affecting their positioning performance. The base 1 also has a support mechanism 7, comprising four sets of support columns 701 vertically mounted on the base 1. These columns are distributed in pairs on both sides of the grooves 5. Each set of support columns 701 has a clamping mechanism 4 fixed at its upper end. The four sets of support columns 701 construct a stable three-dimensional support system, stabilizing the clamping mechanism 4 on a specific working plane above the base 1. This spatial coordination with the clamping mechanism 4 on the Y-axis moving mechanism 3 effectively separates the positioning and clamping functions, avoiding the risk of interference between moving and fixed components.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 Two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms 2 are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the base 1. The two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms 2 can realize the synchronous or independent position adjustment of the Y-axis moving mechanism 3 and the clamping mechanism 4 carried on them in the X-axis direction, thereby adapting to the clamping position requirements of different workpieces in the horizontal dimension and improving the adaptability of the mechanism to the differences in the horizontal dimensions of the workpiece. The X-axis moving mechanism 2 includes a support base 201 fixedly connected to the base 1 and an X-axis drive cylinder 202 fixedly on the support base 201. A guide rail 203 is provided above the support base 201. A sliding plate 204 for fixed connection to a fixed support 301 is slidably connected on the guide rail 203. The output end of the X-axis drive cylinder 202 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 204. By extending and retracting the X-axis drive cylinder 202, the sliding plate 204 is driven to slide along the extension direction of the guide rail 203. The drive cylinder and the guide rail 203 are integrated into an independent functional module through the support base 201, which facilitates overall assembly and disassembly and reduces maintenance complexity. The linear motion pair formed by the guide rail 203 and the sliding plate 204 converts the thrust of the X-axis drive cylinder 202 into high-precision linear motion through rolling or sliding friction, which has lower frictional resistance, higher response speed and smaller return error.

[0030] Reference Figures 1 to 5Two sets of Y-axis moving mechanisms 3 are respectively mounted on two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms 2. Each Y-axis moving mechanism 3 includes a fixed support 301 slidably connected to the X-axis moving mechanism 2 and a slide rail 302 vertically mounted on the fixed support 301. It also includes a Y-axis drive cylinder 303 fixedly mounted on the fixed support 301 and two hinged connecting rods 304. The output end of the Y-axis drive cylinder 303 is hinged to the hinge point of the two connecting rods 304. The other ends of the two connecting rods 304 are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed support 301 and a connecting plate 305 slidably connected to the slide rail 302. The extension and retraction of the Y-axis drive cylinder 303 changes the angle between the two connecting rods 304, thereby causing the connecting plate 305 on the slide rail 302 to move up and down. The extension and retraction of the Y-axis drive cylinder 303 changes the angle between the two hinged connecting rods 304. This drives the connecting plate 305 on the slide rail 302 to move up and down. This structural design can efficiently realize the precise displacement adjustment of the clamping mechanism 4 in the Y-axis direction. Through the transmission of the connecting rod 304 group, the linear motion of the cylinder can be stably converted into the lifting motion of the connecting plate 305. It has the characteristics of smooth transmission, rapid response and compact structure, which helps to ensure the positional accuracy of the clamping mechanism 4 in the vertical direction. At the same time, the transmission structure formed by the two hinged connecting rods 304 can distribute the load of the clamping mechanism 4 and the workpiece to the fixed support 301 through the connecting rods 304, avoiding the Y-axis drive cylinder 303 from directly bearing the above load, effectively reducing the risk of wear or damage to the cylinder due to bearing additional load, thereby extending the service life of the Y-axis drive cylinder 303 and improving the overall durability and operational reliability of the mechanism.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 5 Multiple clamping mechanisms 4 are mounted on the Y-axis moving mechanism 3 for clamping workpieces. Each clamping mechanism 4 includes a welded support 401 fixedly connected to a connecting plate 305 of the Y-axis moving mechanism 3. A pin cylinder 402 for clamping workpieces is fixedly mounted on the welded support 401 via a connector. The pin cylinder 402 is integrated into an independent functional module through the welded support 401, achieving standardization and replaceability of the workpiece clamping function. The structural design of the pin cylinder 402 enables rapid positioning and clamping of the workpiece, improving work efficiency.

[0032] Reference Figure 4 The upper end of the slide rail 302 is fixedly provided with a limiting block 306 to restrict the connecting plate 305 from continuing to move upward. The limiting block 306 is provided with a shim 307 on the side near the connecting plate 305 to improve the stability of the Y-axis moving structure.

[0033] The working principle of the vortex oscillation device in this embodiment is as follows: The base 1 serves as the supporting foundation for the entire mechanism. The grid structure on it constructs a unified two-dimensional coordinate positioning system, providing standardized installation and positioning benchmarks for each functional module. This ensures that the positional relationship of each component can be accurately expressed through grid coordinates, improving the accuracy and repeatability of system integration. Two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms 2, positioned opposite each other on both sides of the base 1, integrate the X-axis drive cylinder 202 and guide rail 203 into independent functional modules via the support base 201. When the X-axis drive cylinder 202 extends or retracts, it drives the component fixedly connected to the sliding plate 204 to perform high-precision linear motion along the linear motion pair formed by the guide rail 203, realizing synchronous or independent position adjustment of the Y-axis moving mechanism 3 and the clamping mechanism 4 in the X-axis direction to adapt to the lateral size differences of the workpiece. Two sets of Y-axis moving mechanisms 3 are respectively mounted on the X-axis moving mechanism 2. The extension and retraction of the Y-axis drive cylinder 303 causes the angle between the two hinged connecting rods 304 to change, converting the linear motion into the lifting motion of the vertical motion pair formed by the slide rail 302 and the connecting plate 305 through the transmission of the connecting rods 304, thereby realizing the precise displacement adjustment of the clamping mechanism 4 in the Y-axis direction. At the same time, the connecting rods 304 distribute the load to the fixed support 301, reducing the risk of wear on the Y-axis drive cylinder 303. Through the coordinated operation of the above mechanisms, this new clamping switching mechanism can achieve precise positioning of different workpieces in the X and Y axes while extending the service life of the cylinders.

[0034] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A novel clamp switching mechanism, characterized in that, include: Base (1), used for bearing; Two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms (2) are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the base (1); Two sets of Y-axis moving mechanisms (3) are respectively set on two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms (2). The Y-axis moving mechanism (3) includes a fixed support (301) slidably connected to the X-axis moving mechanism (2) and a slide rail (302) vertically set on the fixed support (301). It also includes a Y-axis driving cylinder (303) fixed on the fixed support (301) and two hinged connecting rods (304). The output end of the Y-axis driving cylinder (303) is hinged to the hinge point of the two connecting rods (304). The other end of the two connecting rods (304) is fixedly connected to the fixed support (301) and the connecting plate (305) slidably connected on the slide rail (302). By extending and retracting the Y-axis driving cylinder (303), the angle between the two connecting rods (304) is changed, thereby driving the connecting plate (305) on the slide rail (302) to move up and down. Multiple clamping mechanisms (4) are mounted on the Y-axis moving mechanism (3) for clamping workpieces.

2. The novel clamp switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) has grooves (5) at the two sets of X-axis moving mechanisms (2), and multiple sets of positioning devices (6) are provided at equal intervals in the grooves (5).

3. The novel clamp switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is also provided with a grid structure for positioning.

4. The novel clamp switching mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple sets of the positioning devices (6) are also distributed in the edge area of ​​the base (1).

5. A novel clamp switching mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base (1) is also provided with a support mechanism (7), which includes four sets of support columns (701) vertically arranged on the base (1). The four sets of support columns (701) are distributed in pairs on both sides of the groove (5). Each set of support columns (701) is fixedly provided with a clamping mechanism (4) at the upper end.

6. The novel clamp switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis moving mechanism (2) includes a support base (201) fixedly connected to the base (1) and an X-axis drive cylinder (202) fixed on the support base (201). A guide rail (203) is provided above the support base. A sliding plate (204) for fixed connection with the fixed support (301) is slidably connected on the guide rail (203). The output end of the X-axis drive cylinder (202) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (204). By extending and retracting the X-axis drive cylinder (202), the sliding plate (204) is driven to slide along the extension direction of the guide rail (203).

7. The novel clamp switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (4) includes a welding support (401) fixedly connected to the connecting plate (305) of the Y-axis moving mechanism (3), and a pin cylinder (402) for clamping the workpiece is fixedly provided on the welding support (401) by a connector.

8. A novel clamp switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the slide rail (302) is fixedly provided with a limiting block (306) to restrict the connecting plate (305) from continuing to move upward. The limiting block (306) is provided with a gasket (307) on the side near the connecting plate (305).

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