A kind of autoclaved aerated concrete block stacking mechanism

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of autoclaved sand aerated concrete block stacking mechanism, it is related to block stacking equipment field, including transverse conveying device and the packing device and stacker main body in its one side, conveying device includes rack and the conveyor capable of conveying block to be stacked on it, the end of conveyor is equipped with fixed part capable of stopping block, the bottom plate is equipped with two movable parts in the lower side of the end of conveyor, and the upper side gap of bottom plate is equipped with two movable parts, conveyor is reserved along the strip-shaped through opening of block conveying direction Two movable parts are set to adjustable along the position of block conveying direction. Through the structure and the cooperation of two movable parts and fixed part, the second layer block can be directly separated into three columns with the same spacing in the conveying link, so that conveying and spacing adjustment are synchronized, and finally the stacker can directly clamp the three columns of blocks with adjusted spacing on the conveyor without additional operation, improving the stacking efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of block stacking equipment, specifically a stacking mechanism for autoclaved aerated concrete blocks. Background Technology

[0002] Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks, as a new type of wall material that is lightweight, has excellent thermal insulation properties, good sound insulation and waterproofing effects, and is highly durable, have been widely used in the construction industry. After molding, they need to be stacked for subsequent transportation and storage.

[0003] Currently, the palletizing operation is completed by a palletizer set between the conveying device and the packaging device. In the specific operation, the conveying device first transports the blocks to be palletized in batches according to the required number of blocks per layer. Then, the palletizer transfers the blocks of that layer to the pallet of the packaging device. To ensure stacking stability, adjacent layers of blocks need to be rotated at 90 degrees. After the blocks are stacked, the four sides of the blocks need to be kept flat to facilitate subsequent packaging. Finally, the transfer is achieved by a forklift. Usually, the two forklift claws are of the same specification, and the width of each claw is less than 1 / 2 the width of a block. In the scenario of stacking four columns of blocks per layer, an insertion gap needs to be reserved for the two claws of the forklift when stacking the second layer.

[0004] To improve the flatness of the blocks, there are currently two ways to implement the second layer of palletizing. The first method is that the palletizer only picks up three columns of blocks when palletizing the second layer, and then places these three columns of blocks on the first layer of blocks at intervals of 1 / 2 block width. The second method requires an additional distribution station. The palletizer first picks up the three columns of blocks and places them at the distribution station. Then, the distribution station separates the three columns of blocks at intervals of 1 / 2 block width, and the palletizer picks them up again for palletizing. However, both of the above palletizing methods have the problem of insufficient efficiency. That is, when palletizing the second layer, the palletizer cannot directly place the blocks on the conveyor device onto the pallet, which affects the overall efficiency of automated batch palletizing of blocks. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model provides a stacking mechanism for autoclaved aerated concrete blocks.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A stacking mechanism for autoclaved aerated concrete blocks includes a transverse conveying device and a packaging device and a stacking machine body on one side. The conveying device includes a frame and a conveyor on it capable of conveying blocks to be stacked. The end of the conveyor is provided with a fixing component capable of stopping the blocks. A bottom plate is provided on the lower side of the end of the conveyor that can be raised and lowered, and two movable parts are provided with a gap on the upper side of the bottom plate. The conveyor has a strip-shaped opening along the conveying direction of the blocks for the two movable parts to pass through. The two movable parts are configured to be adjustable in position along the conveying direction of the blocks.

[0007] Furthermore, the base plate is also equipped with a lead screw and nut device, which is connected to the two moving parts in a transmission manner and is configured to drive the two moving parts to adjust the spacing along the conveying direction.

[0008] Specifically, the lead screw and nut device includes a lead screw and two nuts screwed on it. The lead screw has a two-section structure, and the pitch and direction of the two lead screw sections are the same. The two movable parts are connected to the two nuts one by one, and are the first movable part and the second movable part arranged sequentially along the block conveying direction. The lead screw section corresponding to the first movable part has a double-ended thread, and the lead screw section corresponding to the second movable part has a single-ended thread.

[0009] Furthermore, a guide structure is provided between the two moving parts and the base plate along the conveying direction.

[0010] As one implementation, the conveyor includes multiple conveyor belts or conveyor chains arranged parallel to each other along the conveying direction, with a strip-shaped opening formed between two adjacent conveyor belts or conveyor chains.

[0011] Furthermore, both moving parts include at least three adjusting rods arranged at intervals perpendicular to the conveying direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the fastener is a plate-shaped structure, and the height difference between it and the conveyor plane is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the blocks to be stacked.

[0013] As one implementation method, the base plate is driven to rise and fall by a lifting device located on the side of the frame away from the conveyor.

[0014] Furthermore, both the lead screw and nut device and the lifting device are powered by electric motors.

[0015] Furthermore, both the fixed component and the two moving components have a flat surface facing the conveying direction.

[0016] The beneficial effect of this utility model is that, through the structure and cooperation of two movable parts and fixed parts, the second layer of blocks can be directly divided into three columns with the same spacing during the conveying process, so that the conveying and spacing adjustment are carried out simultaneously. Finally, the palletizer can directly pick up the three columns of blocks with the adjusted spacing on the conveyor, without relying on the inefficient method of secondary operation of the palletizer or the addition of a distribution station in the existing technology, which significantly improves the palletizing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a frontal schematic diagram of the conveying device in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a top view (partial) of the conveying device in this embodiment; Figure 3This is a side view of the conveying device in this embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the screw nut assembly; Figure 5 This is a layout diagram of the conveying device, packaging device, and palletizer body in this embodiment; Figure 6 This is a stacking diagram of the blocks to be stacked in this embodiment (A is a structural diagram of the first layer of four columns of blocks after stacking, B is a structural diagram of the second layer of three columns of blocks after stacking, and C is a structural diagram of the third layer of four columns of blocks after stacking). The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are: 1. Conveying device; 11. Frame; 12. Conveyor belt; 121. Strip-shaped opening; 13. Base plate; 14. Lead screw; 15. First moving part; 151. First connecting plate; 152. First adjusting rod; 16. Second moving part; 17. Fixing part; 18. Lifting device; 19. Guide rod; 2. Packing device; 3. Palletizer body. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Combination Figure 5 This embodiment provides a stacking mechanism for autoclaved aerated concrete blocks, including a transverse conveying device 1, a packaging device 2 on one side, and a stacking machine body 3.

[0019] The conveying device 1 is used to convey blocks to be stacked, and the palletizer body 3 is used to stack the blocks to be stacked on the conveying device 1 onto the matching pallet of the packing device 2. After stacking is completed, the packing device 2 packs the blocks on the pallet, and finally the forklift transfers the blocks on the pallet. The packing device 2 and the palletizer body 3 are both existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0020] Combination Figures 1-3 As the core technical concept of this utility model, the conveying device 1 includes a frame 11 and a conveyor on it that can convey blocks to be stacked. The end of the conveyor is provided with a fixing member 17 that can stop the blocks. The lower side of the end of the conveyor is provided with a base plate 13 that can be raised and lowered, and two movable members are provided on the upper side of the base plate 13. The conveyor has a strip-shaped opening 121 along the conveying direction of the blocks that allows the two movable members to pass through. The two movable members are configured to be adjustable in position along the conveying direction of the blocks.

[0021] Combination Figure 4 The base plate 13 is also equipped with a lead screw and nut device, which is connected to the two moving parts in a transmission manner and is configured to drive the two moving parts to adjust the spacing along the conveying direction.

[0022] Specifically, the lead screw 14 nut device includes a lead screw 14 and two nuts screwed on it. The lead screw 14 has a two-section structure, and the pitch and direction of the two lead screw 14 sections are the same. The two movable parts are respectively connected to the two nuts one by one, and are the first movable part 15 and the second movable part 16 arranged sequentially along the block conveying direction. The lead screw 14 section corresponding to the first movable part 15 has a double-ended thread, and the lead screw 14 section corresponding to the second movable part 16 has a single-ended thread.

[0023] When the lead screw 14 rotates, the two nuts can drive the corresponding moving parts to move synchronously, and the moving distance of the first moving part 15 is exactly twice that of the second moving part 16. This design eliminates the need for an additional control system to adjust the movement of the two moving parts, allowing for quick adjustment and ensuring that the distance between the first moving part 15 and the second moving part 16, and the distance between the second moving part 16 and the fixed part 17 are always the same when stacking blocks of different specifications. This significantly improves the accuracy of the distance adjustment and avoids problems such as the forklift claws being unable to insert or the blocks being stacked tilted due to distance deviation.

[0024] In addition, the above design allows for easy adjustment of the distance between the first movable part 15 and the second movable part 16, and the distance between the second movable part 16 and the fixed part 17, by rotating the screw 14 in both directions when stacking blocks of different widths.

[0025] Combination Figure 2 A guide structure is also provided between the two movable parts and the base plate 13 along the conveying direction. The screw 14 nut device is laterally arranged on the upper side of the middle part of the base plate 13. The guide structure includes a guide rail slider that is laterally arranged on both sides of the screw 14 nut device and connected between the lower side of the two movable parts and the upper side of the base plate 13, so that the two movable parts move more smoothly when adjusting the distance.

[0026] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The conveyor includes multiple conveyor belts 12 or conveyor chains arranged parallel to each other along the conveying direction. A strip-shaped opening 121 is formed between adjacent conveyor belts 12 or conveyor chains to accommodate the vertical lifting and lowering of two moving parts, preventing interference between the moving parts and the conveying components, ensuring that the moving parts can smoothly pass between adjacent blocks. Simultaneously, the multiple conveyor belts 12 or conveyor chains provide multi-point support for the blocks, preventing them from sinking or shifting during conveying or spacing adjustment, thus improving conveying stability. Preferably, the conveyor belts 12 or conveyor chains are conveyor belts 12.

[0027] The two movable parts are identical in specifications. Taking the first movable part 15 as an example, it includes a first connecting part 151 and at least three first adjusting rods 152 arranged at intervals along the upper side perpendicular to the conveying direction. The width of the strip-shaped opening 121 is adapted to the lifting and lowering of the first adjusting rods 152. The first adjusting rods 152 are set to apply separation force and support force to different positions of the blocks in the same row simultaneously. Compared with a single adjusting rod, it can prevent the blocks from tilting or overturning due to uneven force. It is especially suitable for autoclaved aerated concrete blocks with larger size or lighter weight, further ensuring the stability of the block posture after the spacing is adjusted, which is convenient for the palletizer to accurately clamp them later.

[0028] Combination Figure 1 The fixing component 17 is a plate-shaped structure located at the end of the conveying device 1. The height difference between it and the conveying plane of the conveyor is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the blocks to be stacked. When the second layer of stacking needs to reserve the gap of the forklift claw, the fixing component 17 forms an end limit for the outermost column of blocks. Together with the two moving parts, it forms a complete positioning boundary for the three columns of blocks, ensuring that the blocks do not shift along the conveying direction after the spacing is adjusted. When stacking other layers, such as the first, third and above layers, there is no need to reserve the gap. This plate-shaped structure can be used as the end limit for the four columns of blocks. Its force-bearing area is larger, which can avoid the block ends from being damaged due to local force concentration. Moreover, the limiting stability is stronger, ensuring the positional accuracy of each layer of blocks before stacking.

[0029] The base plate 13 is driven to lift by a lifting device 18 located on the side of the frame 11 away from the conveyor. Placing the lifting device 18 in a non-conveying area not only facilitates maintenance but also avoids spatial interference with the conveyor and blocks, optimizes the overall layout of the equipment, and saves installation space.

[0030] The lifting device 18 is a vertically arranged screw lifting device. Guide rods 19 are also provided on both sides of the vertical axis of the screw lifting device. The base plate 13 is vertically slidably connected to the guide rods 19.

[0031] The power source for both the lead screw and nut device and the lead screw lifting device is an electric motor, to ensure that the lifting action of the base plate 13 and the adjustment action of the two moving parts are precise and controllable.

[0032] The fixed part 17 and the two movable parts are both flat on the side facing the conveying direction. That is, the contact surface between the two movable parts, the fixed part 17 and the block is flat. Compared with the non-planar structure, the force-bearing area is increased and the pressure per unit area is reduced, which is suitable for the low compressive strength of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks.

[0033] Working principle First, parameters are preset. Based on the actual width of the blocks to be stacked, the system presets the initial distance between the first movable part 15 and the second movable part 16 (equal to the initial distance between the second movable part 16 and the fixed part 17), the conveyor speed, to ensure that the distance is compatible with the forklift claw specifications. Typically, the distance is 1 / 2 block width. The system also presets the motor speed of the drive screw nut device and the lifting device 18 to form automated production.

[0034] It should be noted that the above parameter presets can be achieved through conventional industrial PLC control systems. By programming and presetting the threshold values ​​of each parameter and linking them to control the timing of the motor and conveyor, the hardware selection and control logic are common knowledge in the field. Moreover, this part is not within the scope of protection of this utility model, but is set for this utility model using existing technology based on the structure of this utility model, and therefore will not be described in detail here.

[0035] Perform the first layer of stacking, four columns with no gaps. Initially, the two moving parts are located below the conveyor and do not interfere with the block conveying. The conveying process is as follows: the conveyor conveys the blocks at a preset speed, and a single row of blocks moves sequentially along the conveying direction. The outermost row of blocks first contacts the fixed part 17 and stops, followed by the inner three rows of blocks contacting the previous row of blocks and stopping, ultimately forming four closely arranged rows of blocks. Finally, the palletizer body 3 picks up the four rows of blocks and transfers them to the pallet of the packaging device 2, completing the first layer of palletizing (e.g., ...). Figure 6 (A)).

[0036] The second layer of stacking consists of three columns with pre-reserved gaps between the inserts. The lifting device 18 drives the base plate 13 to rise, causing the two movable parts to rise synchronously. The upper ends of the adjusting rods of the two movable parts pass through the strip-shaped opening 121 between adjacent blocks and are in the working position. The outermost row of blocks contacts the fixed part 17 and stops, the middle row of blocks contacts the second movable part 16 and stops, and the innermost row of blocks contacts the first movable part 15 and stops. At this time, the spacing between the three rows of blocks is equal and is all 1 / 2 block width, which is exactly the clearance reserved for the forklift claws. Finally, the palletizer body 3 directly clamps the three rows of blocks, rotates them 90 degrees, and transfers them to the first layer of blocks to complete the second layer of palletizing (e.g., Figure 6 (B) Subsequently, the lifting device 18 drives the base plate 13 to descend, and the two moving parts retract to the lower side of the conveyor, ready for the next round of operation.

[0037] For the third and subsequent layers of palletizing, repeat the palletizing steps for the first layer while alternating directions. Repeat the conveying and stacking steps of the first layer to form four closely arranged blocks. When the palletizer body 3 picks up a block, it rotates it 90° relative to the previous layer before placing it (e.g., Figure 6 (C) improves the overall stacking stability by interleaving layers.

[0038] In the above process, if the width of the block to be stacked changes, the distance between the first movable part 15 and the second movable part 16, and between the second movable part 16 and the fixed part 17, can be adjusted by driving the lead screw 14 to rotate, so that the distance between them remains equal. At the same time, the width of the strip opening 121 is adapted to the lifting and lowering of the adjustment rods of the two movable parts. There is no need to replace equipment parts, so as to realize the rapid change of stacking of blocks of different specifications.

[0039] In some cases, a limiting rod can be vertically installed on the side of the base plate 13 opposite to the first movable part 15 and away from the fixed part 17. The upper end of the limiting rod can pass through the strip-shaped opening 121, and at least three rods are provided perpendicular to the conveying direction. The three limiting rods are aligned with the three first adjusting rods 152 along the conveying direction and are flush on the upper side. This is used to block the blocks subsequently conveyed by the conveyor when the palletizer body 3 picks up the second layer of blocks.

[0040] Through the above structure and operation steps, this utility model can directly complete the spacing adjustment of the second layer of blocks in the conveying process without the need for additional workstations or secondary operations by palletizing machines, which greatly improves the efficiency of automated palletizing, while ensuring the stacking stability and flatness of each layer of blocks, facilitating subsequent packaging and transportation.

Claims

1. A stacking mechanism for autoclaved aerated concrete blocks, comprising a transverse conveying device (1) and a packaging device (2) on one side thereof, and a stacking machine body (3), characterized in that: The conveying device (1) includes a frame (11) and a conveyor on which the blocks to be stacked are conveyed, and the end of the conveyor is provided with a fixing member (17) that can stop the blocks. The conveyor has a bottom plate (13) that can be raised and lowered at the lower end, and two movable parts are provided on the upper side of the bottom plate (13). The conveyor has a strip-shaped opening (121) that allows the two movable parts to pass through along the conveying direction of the blocks. Both movable parts are configured to be adjustable in position along the block conveying direction.

2. The autoclaved aerated concrete block stacking mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (13) is also provided with a lead screw and nut device, which is connected to the two moving parts in a transmission manner and is configured to drive the two moving parts to adjust the spacing along the conveying direction.

3. The autoclaved aerated concrete block stacking mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lead screw and nut assembly includes a lead screw (14) and two nuts spirally connected thereon; The lead screw (14) has a two-section structure, and the pitch and direction of the two lead screw sections are the same; The two movable parts are connected to the two nuts respectively, and are the first movable part (15) and the second movable part (16) arranged sequentially along the block conveying direction. The screw section corresponding to the first movable part (15) is double-threaded, and the screw section corresponding to the second movable part (16) is single-threaded.

4. The autoclaved aerated concrete block stacking mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A guide structure is also provided between the two movable parts and the base plate (13) along the conveying direction.

5. A stacking mechanism for autoclaved aerated concrete blocks as described in any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The conveyor includes multiple conveyor belts (12) or conveyor chains arranged parallel to each other along the conveying direction, and the strip-shaped opening (121) is formed between two adjacent conveyor belts (12) or conveyor chains.

6. The autoclaved aerated concrete block stacking mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Both of the moving parts include at least three adjusting rods arranged at intervals perpendicular to the conveying direction.

7. The autoclaved aerated concrete block stacking mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fastener (17) is a plate-shaped structure, and the height difference between it and the conveyor plane is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the blocks to be stacked.

8. The autoclaved aerated concrete block stacking mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The base plate (13) is driven to lift by a lifting device (18) located on the side of the frame (11) away from the conveyor.

9. The autoclaved aerated concrete block stacking mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The power source for both the lead screw and nut device and the lifting device (18) is an electric motor.

10. The autoclaved aerated concrete block stacking mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed member (17) and the two movable members are both planar on the side facing the conveying direction.

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