Fork truck fork carriage and fork truck

Abstract

The application relates to a forklift fork frame and a forklift, and relates to the technical field of forklifts. The forklift fork frame comprises a sliding frame and a fork frame body arranged on the sliding frame. A bidirectional telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder is fixedly installed on the sliding frame. A rotating shaft is installed on the top of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder. The fork frame body is slidably arranged on the rotating shaft. The bidirectional telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder is located in the fork frame body. The first piston rod and the second piston rod of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder abut and drive the two ends of the fork frame body respectively, so that the fork frame body moves along the axis direction of the rotating shaft. A fixed plate is installed on the sliding frame. An inclined oil cylinder is arranged on the fixed plate. The ball head piston rod of the inclined oil cylinder is drivingly connected to the bottom of the fork frame body, so that the fork frame body rotates around the rotating shaft. The application has the effects of realizing integrated operation functions of lifting, side shifting, front tilting and back tilting, reducing the number of components, avoiding the problem of shielding the field of vision of traditional multiple components, enabling an operator to clearly observe the loading and unloading state of goods, and improving the operation safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of forklifts, and in particular to a forklift fork carriage and forklift. Background Technology

[0002] The fork carriage is a key component of a forklift used to carry goods. Traditional fork carriages have a complex structure, consisting of multiple components such as a carriage, tilt carriage, and side-shift carriage. The carriage is equipped with rollers to enable the fork carriage to move up and down. The tilt carriage is installed on one side of the carriage and can be tilted back and forth by a tilting cylinder. The side-shift carriage is installed on the other side of the tilt carriage, that is, the tilt carriage is located between the carriage and the side-shift carriage. The side-shift carriage can be moved horizontally by a side-shift cylinder, which facilitates loading and unloading.

[0003] Because the tilting frame and side-shifting frame need to be installed on one side of the carriage in conjunction with other connecting components, and the working space needs to be reserved in coordination with the operation of the tilting frame and side-shifting frame during the installation process, as well as the side-shifting cylinder, pipeline, wiring harness and other components need to be arranged, the limited space of the carriage and the large number of fork carriage components not only increase the difficulty of production and assembly, but also obstruct the view of many components, affecting the operator's observation of the loading and unloading of goods, and causing inconvenience during loading and unloading operations. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the limitations of space in carriages, the excessive number of fork carriage components increases the difficulty of production and assembly, obstructs the operator's view, and affects the loading and unloading of goods, this application provides a fork carriage for forklifts.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a forklift fork carriage, which adopts the following technical solution: A forklift fork carriage includes a carriage and a fork body mounted on the carriage. A bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the carriage. A rotating shaft is mounted on the top of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The fork body is slidably mounted on the rotating shaft. The bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder is located inside the fork body. The first piston rod and the second piston rod of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder respectively abut against and drive both ends of the fork body to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. A fixing plate is installed on the side of the carriage away from the fork body. A tilting cylinder is provided on the fixing plate. The ball-head piston rod of the tilting cylinder drives the bottom of the fork body to rotate around the rotation axis.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the carriage provides the installation foundation for the entire fork carriage. The bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder is integrated into the fork carriage body, which greatly simplifies the complex structure of traditional fork carriages with multiple superimposed components, reduces the number of components and assembly steps, and lowers the difficulty of production and assembly. The first piston rod and the second piston rod drive the fork carriage body to move along the axis of rotation, realizing the horizontal movement of the fork carriage and meeting the position adjustment requirements during loading and unloading of goods. The tilting cylinder drives the fork carriage body to rotate around the rotation axis through the ball-head piston rod, realizing the forward tilting and backward tilting of the fork carriage, which is convenient for tilting and loading and unloading goods. At the same time, the integrated structure reduces the obstruction of vision by components, making it easier for operators to observe the loading and unloading of goods, improving the safety and convenience of operation. Compared with traditional fork carriages, the overall structure is more compact, the functions are more integrated, and the operation efficiency is higher. Optionally, the fork body includes a crossbeam and a support frame connected to the crossbeam. Multiple sliders are spaced apart on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The crossbeam is sleeved on the multiple sliders. The top of the crossbeam is provided with a first connecting hole and a connector spaced apart. The sliders are provided with a second connecting hole. The connector passes through the first connecting hole and extends into the second connecting hole to connect the crossbeam with the multiple sliders. The first piston rod abuts against the inner side of one end of the support frame, and the second piston rod abuts against the inner side of the other end of the support frame. By adopting the above technical solution, the crossbeam and support frame form the main support structure of the fork body, providing a stable framework for fork installation and cargo loading. The crossbeam slides with the rotating shaft through a slider, reducing direct friction between the crossbeam and the rotating shaft, reducing component wear, extending service life, and ensuring smoother movement of the fork body along the rotating shaft. The connectors achieve a fixed connection between the crossbeam and the slider through the first and second connecting holes, ensuring a stable connection and preventing loosening during fork body movement. The first and second piston rods abut against the inner sides of both ends of the support frame, so that the driving force is evenly applied to the fork body, ensuring force balance when the fork body moves along the rotating shaft axis, avoiding fork body offset or jamming due to uneven force, and improving the stability of lateral movement. Optionally, the slider is provided with a positioning block, the second connecting hole is opened on the positioning block, and the crossbeam is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves on the side near the slider. The positioning grooves are provided one-to-one with the slider, and the positioning block is fitted into the positioning groove. By adopting the above technical solution, the cooperation between the positioning block and the positioning groove enables precise positioning and installation of the crossbeam and the slider, enhances the connection stability between the crossbeam and the slider, prevents relative displacement between the slider and the crossbeam when the fork carriage moves, and ensures the synchronicity of the sliding action. At the same time, the positioning structure also provides guidance for the assembly of the crossbeam and the slider, simplifies the assembly process, improves assembly efficiency, ensures consistent assembly accuracy for each fork carriage, and improves product quality stability. Optionally, the ball-head piston rod end of the tilting cylinder is provided with an auxiliary plate, the auxiliary plate is fitted to the bottom of the fork body, a connecting rod is inserted through the auxiliary plate, the ball-head piston rod extends into the auxiliary plate, and the connecting rod passes through the ball-head piston rod to connect the ball-head piston rod to the auxiliary plate. By adopting the above technical solution, the auxiliary plate increases the contact area between the ball piston rod and the bottom of the fork body, allowing the driving force of the tilting cylinder to be transmitted to the fork body more evenly, avoiding damage to the bottom of the fork body due to excessive local stress; the connecting rod achieves a stable connection between the ball piston rod and the auxiliary plate, preventing them from separating during the rollover process and ensuring effective transmission of driving force; at the same time, the ball structure allows the piston rod to swing at a certain angle during the driving process, adapting to the angle changes when the fork body rotates around the rotation axis, avoiding additional stress between the piston rod and the fork body, protecting the cylinder and fork body components, extending service life, and improving the flexibility and reliability of the rollover action. Optionally, the carriage includes a first upright plate, a second upright plate, and a horizontal plate. The first upright plate and the second upright plate are respectively installed at both ends of the horizontal plate. A first bearing plate is provided on the side of the first upright plate near the fork body. A second bearing plate is provided on the side of the second upright plate near the fork body and is on the same horizontal plane as the first bearing plate. The bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate. By adopting the above technical solution, the first upright plate, the second upright plate, and the cross plate constitute the frame of the carriage, providing reliable support for components such as the fork carriage body and hydraulic cylinder, and ensuring the overall structural strength of the fork carriage; the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate are on the same horizontal plane, providing a horizontal and stable installation platform for the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder, avoiding uneven force on the piston rod or movement jamming due to cylinder tilting, and ensuring accurate lateral movement; the setting of the bearing plate also makes the cylinder installation more convenient, while dispersing the force on the carriage when the cylinder is working. Optionally, a limiting plate is provided at one end of the cross plate near the fork body, and a limiting groove is opened on the horizontal surface at the bottom of the carriage. One end of the limiting plate is connected to the cross plate, and the other end extends into the limiting groove to limit the rotation angle of the fork body. By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting plate and the limiting groove cooperate to form an angle limiting structure, which accurately limits the maximum rotation angle of the fork body, avoids the fork body tilting too much, which may cause the goods to tip over or the fork body components to be damaged, and ensures operational safety. Optionally, a hydraulic pipeline is installed between the first and second upright plates. The first output end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the first oil inlet of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder to drive the first piston rod to move, and the second output end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the second oil inlet of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder to drive the second piston rod to move. By adopting the above technical solution, the hydraulic pipeline provides a stable hydraulic oil delivery channel for the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder, ensuring that the hydraulic oil can be accurately and efficiently delivered to the first and second oil inlets of the cylinder. By controlling the hydraulic pipeline to deliver hydraulic oil to different oil inlets, the telescopic movements of the first and second piston rods are realized, thereby controlling the lateral movement direction and speed of the fork body. The operation is convenient and the response is rapid. The hydraulic pipeline is integrated between the first and second upright plates, avoiding the pipeline from being exposed to the outside and damaged by collisions or contaminated by debris, protecting the pipeline, and making the overall structure neater and reducing the obstruction of the pipeline's view. Optionally, multiple rollers for lifting are embedded on the outer wall of the first and second upright plates on the side away from the fork body. By adopting the above technical solution, the rollers provide rolling support for the lifting and lowering of the carriage on the mast, converting the sliding friction between the carriage and the mast into rolling friction, greatly reducing the lifting resistance and making the carriage lifting and lowering smoother and less labor-intensive; the rollers are embedded in the outer wall of the upright plate, with a compact structure that does not occupy extra space, while ensuring that the rollers are firmly installed, preventing the rollers from falling off during the lifting and lowering process, and ensuring the safety and reliability of the lifting and lowering operation; multiple rollers are evenly distributed, so that the force is balanced when the carriage is lifted and lowered, preventing the carriage from tilting and jamming, improving the stability and accuracy of the lifting and lowering operation, and making it easier for operators to control the lifting and lowering height of the fork carriage.

[0007] Secondly, this application provides a forklift, which adopts the following technical solution: A forklift includes a forklift fork carriage as described in any of the above embodiments, and further includes forks and a mast, wherein the carriage is raised and lowered on the mast, and the forks are mounted on the fork carriage body on the side away from the carriage.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the forklift integrates the fork carriage, with the forks mounted on the carriage body. The forks move laterally and tilt forward and backward with the carriage body to meet the loading and unloading needs of different goods. The carriage rises and falls on the mast, driving the fork carriage and forks to rise and fall, adapting to loading and unloading scenarios at different heights. The overall structure is simplified, reducing the visibility obstruction caused by the stacking of multiple parts in traditional forklifts, making it easier for operators to observe the operation and improving operational safety. At the same time, the high stability and reliability of the fork carriage also ensures high overall operating efficiency and low failure rate of the forklift, extending the forklift's service life and reducing maintenance costs. It is suitable for various goods handling scenarios such as warehouses, logistics, and factories.

[0009] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This forklift fork carriage integrates a bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder into the fork carriage body, and the rotating shaft is integrated on the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The fork carriage body can move laterally or tilt forward and backward on the rotating shaft to meet diverse loading and unloading needs. It also eliminates the need for two separate frames, a tilting frame and a side-shifting frame, to work together, simplifying the complex structure of traditional fork carriages, reducing the number of parts and assembly difficulty, while reducing obstruction of vision and facilitating operator observation. It solves the problems of difficult assembly and poor visibility caused by the multiple parts of traditional fork carriages, and improves operating efficiency and safety. 2. The limiting plate and the limiting groove together constitute a mechanical limiting structure. The limiting plate extends into the limiting groove as the fork body rotates. When the fork body rotates to the set angle, the limiting plate contacts the inner wall of the limiting groove. The rigid cooperation between the two prevents the fork body from continuing to rotate, thereby accurately limiting the maximum tilt angle of the fork body, preventing goods from spilling, and improving the standardization and safety of operations. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another angle of an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fork body and the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The attempt; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Sectional view of AA; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating shaft and the slider in the embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tilting cylinder in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the relevant structure of the carriage and tilting cylinder in the embodiments of this application.

[0011] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Carriage; 11. First upright plate; 111. First bearing plate; 112. Roller; 12. Second upright plate; 121. Second bearing plate; 13. Horizontal plate; 131. Limiting plate; 14. Limiting groove; 15. Hydraulic pipeline; 151. First oil inlet; 152. Second oil inlet; 2. Bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 21. First piston rod; 22. Second piston rod; 3. Rotating shaft; 4. Tilting cylinder; 41. Ball head piston rod; 42. Auxiliary plate; 43. Connecting rod; 5. Fork frame body; 51. Crossbeam; 511. First connecting hole; 52. Support frame; 6. Slider; 61. Positioning block; 62. Second connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0012] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0013] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0014] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0015] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0016] Example 1 This application discloses a forklift fork carriage, referring to... Figures 1-5 The forklift fork carriage includes a carriage 1 and a fork body 5 mounted on the carriage 1. A bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly mounted on the carriage 1. A rotating shaft 3 is mounted on the top of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2. The fork body 5 is slidably mounted on the rotating shaft 3. The bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 is located inside the fork body 5. The first piston rod 21 and the second piston rod 22 of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 respectively abut against and drive the two ends of the fork body 5 so that the fork body 5 moves along the axis of the rotating shaft 3. A fixed plate is installed on the side of the carriage 1 away from the fork body 5. A tilting cylinder 4 is provided on the fixed plate. The ball piston rod 41 of the tilting cylinder 4 drives the bottom of the fork body 5 to rotate the fork body 5 around the rotating shaft 3.

[0017] In this forklift fork carriage, the slide 1 provides a mounting carrier for the fork carriage body 5, the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2, and the fixing plate. The fork carriage body 5 is the direct mounting carrier for the forks, used to fix the forks to carry goods. At the same time, the fork carriage body 5 is slidably mounted on the rotating shaft 3, and can move along the axis of the rotating shaft 3 under the drive of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2, and rotate around the rotating shaft 3 under the drive of the tilting cylinder 4. It integrates the functions of the side shift frame and the tilting frame in the traditional fork carriage. The fork carriage body 5 can achieve side shift and forward and backward tilting without additional superimposed components, which greatly simplifies the structure and reduces assembly difficulty. The fork carriage body 5 directly carries the forks and goods, ensuring that the goods are not easy to fall off during side shift, forward tilting and backward tilting, and improving operational stability. Compared with the traditional multi-component transmission, the direct drive of the fork carriage body 5 reduces power loss, improves action response speed, and is suitable for efficient loading and unloading scenarios.

[0018] The bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 serves as the power source for the lateral movement of the fork body 5. It utilizes hydraulic oil to push the piston rod to extend and retract, driving the fork body 5 to move along the axis of the rotation shaft 3. The integrated installation of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 avoids occupying additional external space, reduces obstruction of vision, and facilitates operators' observation of the cargo's condition. The bidirectional piston rods drive both ends of the fork body 5 respectively, ensuring balanced force during lateral movement, preventing the fork body 5 from shifting or jamming, achieving precise lateral movement, meeting the cargo positioning requirements in confined spaces, and improving loading and unloading convenience.

[0019] Specifically, the first piston rod 21 is the single-sided power output end of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2, abutting one end of the fork body 5. Driven by hydraulic oil, it extends or retracts, pushing the fork body 5 along the axis of rotation 3 towards the first piston rod 21. This, in conjunction with the second piston rod 22, enables bidirectional lateral movement of the fork body 5, ensuring uniform force distribution during lateral movement and avoiding the tilting problem caused by traditional single-sided drives. Precise control of the extension / retraction amount allows for small-amplitude adjustments to the fork body 5, meeting the requirements for precise cargo positioning. For example, when adjusting cargo position inside a container, precise loading and unloading can be achieved through fine-tuning using the first piston rod 21, improving operational accuracy.

[0020] The second piston rod 22 moves in the opposite direction to the first piston rod 21, extending or retracting under the drive of hydraulic oil, pushing the fork body 5 to move along the axis of the rotating shaft 3 towards the second piston rod 22. This, in conjunction with the first piston rod 21, completes the bidirectional lateral movement of the fork body 5, achieving bidirectional lateral movement of the fork body 5 without the need for additional reverse drive components, simplifying the cylinder structure. The extension and retraction speed can be adjusted by the hydraulic oil flow rate to adapt to the lateral movement requirements of goods of different weights.

[0021] The rotating shaft 3 serves as both a sliding guide and a rotation fulcrum for the fork carriage 5. It provides guidance for the movement of the fork carriage 5 along the axial direction and supports the rotation of the fork carriage 5 around the shaft. This ensures the stability of the movement trajectory of the fork carriage 5 during lateral movement and tilting / retracting. It integrates the dual functions of the lateral movement guide and the rotation fulcrum, avoiding the complex structure of traditional fork carriages that require separate lateral movement guides and tilting shafts, thus reducing the number of components.

[0022] The mounting plate provides a base for the tilting cylinder 4, ensuring that the tilting cylinder 4 does not shift its position when driving the fork body 5 to rotate. The tilting cylinder 4 is the power source for the forward and backward tilting of the fork body 5. It uses hydraulic oil to push the ball piston rod 41 to extend and retract, causing the fork body 5 to rotate around the rotating shaft 3, thus achieving the forward and backward tilting of the forks for loading and unloading goods. The ball piston rod 41 can rotate flexibly during the forward and backward tilting of the fork body 5, compensating for the angular deviation between the fork body 5 and the cylinder, ensuring that the power of the tilting cylinder 4 is always effectively transmitted to the fork body 5, avoiding the interruption of power that would cause jamming during forward and backward tilting operations, and ensuring smooth operation.

[0023] The forklift's fork carriage provides basic support via the carriage 1, with the fork carriage body 5 serving as the actuating component. A bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 drives the fork carriage body 5 to move laterally, while a tilting cylinder 4 drives it to tilt forward and backward. A rotating shaft 3 provides guidance and fulcrum. All components work together to achieve integrated lifting, lateral movement, and tilting / forward / backward operation, replacing the traditional multi-component stacked structure and completing the loading, unloading, and tipping of goods. Compared to a transmission fork carriage, it achieves the same function but reduces the number of components, solving the assembly difficulties caused by the complexity of traditional structures. Component integration also reduces potential failure points, eliminating the need to disassemble multiple components for later maintenance, thus reducing maintenance costs and time. The integration of lateral movement and tilting / forward / backward operation onto the fork carriage body 5, along with the built-in bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2, utilizes space efficiently, avoiding the problem of multiple components obstructing the operator's view. Operators can clearly observe the loading and unloading status of goods, reducing the risk of collisions or goods falling due to blind spots and further improving operational safety.

[0024] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The fork body 5 includes a crossbeam 51 and a support frame 52 connected to the crossbeam 51. Multiple sliders 6 are installed at intervals along the axis of the rotating shaft 3. The crossbeam 51 is sleeved on the multiple sliders 6. The top of the crossbeam 51 is provided with a first connecting hole 511 and a connector at intervals. The sliders 6 are provided with a second connecting hole 62. The connector passes through the first connecting hole 511 and extends into the second connecting hole 62 to connect the crossbeam 51 with the multiple sliders 6. The first piston rod 21 abuts against the inner side of one end of the support frame 52, and the second piston rod 22 abuts against the inner side of the other end of the support frame 52.

[0025] The crossbeam 51 is horizontally arranged and sleeved on multiple sliders 6, providing a mounting base for the forks, while bearing the weight of the goods and evenly transferring the weight to the sliders 6. The top of the crossbeam 51 has a first connecting hole 511, which is fixed to the sliders 6 by a connector to ensure the connection stability between the fork body 5 and the rotating shaft 3. In addition, the rigid structure of the crossbeam 51 can prevent the fork body 5 from bending and deforming when it moves laterally or is under load.

[0026] The support frame 52 is connected to the crossbeam 51 to enhance the overall rigidity of the fork body 5. The inner sides of both ends of the support frame 52 abut against the first piston rod 21 and the second piston rod 22 of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2, respectively, serving as the force carrier for the piston rod's driving force. This force is evenly transmitted to the crossbeam 51, causing the fork body 5 to move laterally along the rotation axis 3. The rotation axis 3 serves as the guide reference for the lateral movement of the fork body 5. Multiple sliders 6 are installed at intervals along the axial direction to provide a fixed foundation for the sliders 6. The cylindrical structure of the rotation axis 3 ensures that the sliders 6 can slide smoothly along its axis, while also providing a stable track for the lateral movement of the fork body 5.

[0027] The outer side of the slider 6 is sleeved and connected to the crossbeam 51, while the inner side fits against the rotating shaft 3. The shape of the outer side of the slider 6 matches the groove inside the crossbeam 51, converting the sliding friction between the crossbeam 51 and the rotating shaft 3 into rolling friction between the slider 6 and the rotating shaft 3. A second connecting hole 62 is opened on the slider 6, corresponding to the first connecting hole 511 of the crossbeam 51. It is fixed by a connector to ensure that the fork body 5 and the rotating shaft 3 move synchronously. At the same time, the slider 6 is made of wear-resistant material to reduce frictional loss with the rotating shaft 3. The connector fixes the crossbeam 51 and the corresponding slider 6 to prevent the crossbeam 51 and the slider 6 from sliding relative to each other when the fork body 5 moves laterally. The connector is made of high-strength material to ensure that it will not break or loosen under heavy load or long-term use. At the same time, the detachable design of the connector facilitates disassembly and replacement of parts during later maintenance.

[0028] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The slider 6 is equipped with a positioning block 61, and a second connecting hole 62 is formed on the positioning block 61. Multiple positioning grooves are provided on the side of the crossbeam 51 near the slider 6, with each groove corresponding to a different slider 6. The positioning block 61 fits into one of these grooves. The positioning block 61 protrudes from the side of the slider 6 near the crossbeam 51 and matches the positioning groove of the crossbeam 51, limiting the relative position of the slider 6 and the crossbeam 51. This ensures that the slider 6 quickly aligns with the installation position of the crossbeam 51, preventing lateral displacement during assembly or lateral movement. The second connecting hole 62 on the positioning block 61 makes the installation reference of the connector more precise. Compared to traditional structures without positioning, the positioning block 61 enhances the connection rigidity between the slider 6 and the crossbeam 51, preventing slight relative sliding between them during lateral movement and improving lateral stability. The positioning groove restricts the installation position of the positioning block 61 by the shape and size of the groove, ensuring that the connection position of each slider 6 and the crossbeam 51 is unique and precise. The positioning groove corresponds one-to-one with the slider 6, avoiding the disorder of the sequence or uneven spacing when multiple sliders 6 are installed. At the same time, the depth and width of the positioning groove are adapted to the positioning block 61, so that the positioning block 61 is flush with the surface of the crossbeam 51 after being embedded, without affecting the cooperation of the crossbeam 51 with other components.

[0029] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 An auxiliary plate 42 is provided at the end of the ball-head piston rod 41 of the tilting cylinder 4. The auxiliary plate 42 is fitted to the bottom of the fork body 5. A connecting rod 43 passes through the auxiliary plate 42. The ball-head piston rod 41 extends into the auxiliary plate 42, and the connecting rod 43 passes through the ball-head piston rod 41 to connect the ball-head piston rod 41 to the auxiliary plate 42. The auxiliary plate 42 serves as a transitional connection carrier between the ball-head piston rod 41 and the fork body 5, increasing the contact area between the two. The auxiliary plate 42 has pre-drilled mounting holes for the ball-head piston rod 41 to extend into and through holes for the connecting rod 43 to pass through, providing a stable mounting reference for the ball-head piston rod 41. The fully fitted auxiliary plate 42 distributes the driving force to a larger area at the bottom of the fork body 5, avoiding excessive local stress that could cause deformation or wear at the bottom of the fork body 5. The ball-head piston rod 41 has a ball-head structure at its end, which extends into the mounting hole of the auxiliary plate 42. This allows for rotation at a certain angle within the auxiliary plate 42, adapting to the angle changes when the fork body 5 rotates around the rotation axis 3. A through hole is pre-drilled at the ball-head portion to fit the connecting rod 43. The connecting rod 43 is then fixed to the auxiliary plate 42, ensuring effective power transmission while retaining angle compensation capability. The connecting rod 43 is a rigid fixing component for the auxiliary plate 42 and the ball-head piston rod 41, tightly connecting them into one unit and preventing the ball-head piston rod 41 from detaching from the auxiliary plate 42 during tilting rotation. The connecting rod 43 uses a high-strength rod-like structure, capable of withstanding shear and tensile forces during tipping, ensuring connection stability. The detachable connecting rod 43 facilitates later maintenance. When the ball-head piston rod 41 or the auxiliary plate 42 is damaged, only the connecting rod 43 needs to be removed to replace the component, without disassembling the entire fork body 5, reducing maintenance difficulty.

[0030] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8The carriage 1 includes a first upright plate 11, a second upright plate 12, and a horizontal plate 13. The first upright plate 11 and the second upright plate 12 are respectively installed at both ends of the horizontal plate 13. A first bearing plate 111 is provided on the side of the first upright plate 11 near the fork body 5, and a second bearing plate 121 is provided on the side of the second upright plate 12 near the fork body 5, which is on the same horizontal plane as the first bearing plate 111. A bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly installed on the first bearing plate 111 and the second bearing plate 121. The first upright plate 11 is one of the longitudinal support components of the carriage 1, and is installed vertically at one end of the horizontal plate 13, providing a stable installation foundation for the first bearing plate 111. The second upright plate 12 is symmetrically arranged with the first upright plate 11 and is installed vertically at the other end of the horizontal plate 13, providing an installation carrier for the second bearing plate 121. The second upright plate 12 and the first upright plate 11 work together to bear the longitudinal force of the entire carriage 1, balance the weight distribution on both sides of the carriage 1, and can also serve as an installation carrier for components such as the hydraulic pipeline 15 and the roller 112.

[0031] A horizontal plate 13 is horizontally positioned and connects the first vertical plate 11 and the second vertical plate 12, forming the frame structure of the carriage 1. The horizontal plate 13 bears the lateral force transmission of the carriage 1, evenly distributing the supporting force of the first vertical plate 11 and the second vertical plate 12, thereby improving the overall structural strength of the carriage 1. The first bearing plate 111 is a fixed mounting platform for one end of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2. The first bearing plate 111 disperses the impact force on the first vertical plate 11 when the cylinder is working, thereby protecting the first vertical plate 11 and extending the service life of the carriage 1.

[0032] The second support plate 121 serves as a fixed carrier for the other end of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2, bearing the weight and working impact of the other end of the cylinder and preventing localized damage to the second vertical plate 12. The second support plate 121 and the first support plate 111 work together to fix the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2, preventing displacement of the cylinder during operation. The first support plate 111 and the second support plate 121 are on the same horizontal plane, ensuring that the axis of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 3 after installation, avoiding internal leakage or piston rod wear caused by the height difference between the two ends of the cylinder. Compared with the traditional method that requires an additional mounting bracket for the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2, this method further simplifies the structure, alleviates space congestion, reduces obstruction of the operator's view, and facilitates observation of the loading and unloading of goods. A limiting plate 131 is provided at one end of the horizontal plate 13 near the fork body 5. A limiting groove 14 is opened on the horizontal surface of the bottom of the carriage 1. One end of the limiting plate 131 is connected to the horizontal plate 13, and the other end extends into the limiting groove 14 to limit the rotation angle of the fork body 5. The limiting plate 131 and the limiting groove 14 cooperate to form a mechanical rigid blocking structure. When the fork body 5 rotates around the rotation axis 3, the limiting plate 131 contacts the inner wall of the limiting groove 14 with the rotation angle of the fork body 5, and blocks the fork body 5 from continuing to rotate through its own rigid structure, thereby limiting the maximum rotation angle of the fork body 5. This mechanical rigid blocking structure does not require additional power and control system. Even if the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 fails, it can stably limit the side tipping angle, prevent the goods from tipping over, and improve operational safety. The limiting plate 131 is integrated with the horizontal plate 13, eliminating the need for additional brackets, reducing the number of parts, and avoiding the problem of traditional external limiting devices exacerbating structural complexity and space congestion. The limiting groove 14 provides a passive limiting space for the limiting plate 131. The inner wall of the groove limits the range of movement of the limiting plate 131, indirectly controlling the forward and backward tilt angles of the fork body 5. At the same time, the depth and width of the limiting groove 14 are adapted to the size of the limiting plate 131, ensuring that the limiting plate 131 can be smoothly inserted into the groove without shaking, providing a stable blocking support surface for the limiting plate 131.

[0033] refer to Figure 8 A hydraulic pipeline 15 is installed between the first upright plate 11 and the second upright plate 12. The first output end of the hydraulic pipeline 15 is connected to the first oil inlet 151 of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 to drive the first piston rod 21 to move. The second output end of the hydraulic pipeline 15 is connected to the second oil inlet 152 of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 to drive the second piston rod 22 to move. The first upright plate 11 serves as a support carrier for one side of the hydraulic pipeline 15, and the second upright plate 12 serves as a support for the other side of the hydraulic pipeline 15. Together with the first upright plate 11, they fix the hydraulic pipeline 15 between them. The second upright plate 12 can help to organize the pipeline route, avoid interference between the pipeline and components such as the fork body 5 and the cylinder, and ensure a neat pipeline layout. At the same time, there is no need to build an additional pipeline support frame, simplifying the structure, reducing obstruction of the operator's view, and facilitating observation of the operation. Hydraulic line 15 serves as a hydraulic oil delivery channel, precisely delivering high-pressure hydraulic oil generated by the hydraulic system to the inlet of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2. The first output end of hydraulic line 15 directionally delivers high-pressure hydraulic oil to the chamber corresponding to the first piston rod 21 within the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2, providing power for the extension and retraction of the first piston rod 21. This ensures rapid lateral movement response of the fork body 5 and improves operational efficiency. The second output end of hydraulic line 15 delivers hydraulic oil to the chamber corresponding to the second piston rod 22, driving the second piston rod 22 to extend and retract in the opposite direction to the first piston rod 21. This symmetrical output structure ensures a balanced hydraulic oil supply to both sides of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2, preventing lateral tilting of the fork body 5 due to uneven power on both sides and improving lateral movement stability. Simultaneously, the reverse hydraulic oil delivery enables bidirectional piston rod movement, eliminating the need for additional reverse oil supply lines, simplifying the piping system, reducing the number of components, and lowering maintenance difficulty. The first inlet 151 of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 introduces hydraulic oil into the chamber that drives the first piston rod 21, increasing the hydraulic oil pressure inside the chamber and pushing the first piston rod 21 to extend or retract. The interface is sealed to prevent hydraulic oil leakage, maintain stable pressure inside the chamber, and ensure that the first piston rod 21 can continuously receive sufficient power, avoiding interruption of operation due to pressure drop. The second oil inlet 152 of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 guides the oil into the chamber that drives the second piston rod 22. Through the change of hydraulic oil pressure in the chamber, the second piston rod 22 is driven to move in the opposite direction to the first piston rod 21. The symmetrical oil inlet structure allows the pressure of the two chambers on both sides of the cylinder to be controlled independently, realizing the bidirectional independent movement of the piston rod and ensuring that the fork body 5 can move flexibly to both sides to meet the needs of different operating scenarios. Multiple rollers 112 for lifting are embedded in the outer walls of the first upright plate 11 and the second upright plate 12 on the side away from the fork body 5. The first upright plate 11 serves as a mounting carrier for one side of the rollers 112, and a pre-set mounting slot is provided on the outer wall away from the fork body 5 to provide a stable mounting space for the rollers 112. The second upright plate 12 is symmetrical to the first upright plate 11, and a mounting slot is also provided on the outer wall away from the fork body 5 for mounting the other side of the rollers 112, forming a symmetrical roller 112 mounting structure on both sides. The second upright plate 12 and the first upright plate 11 work together to bear the lifting force of the rollers 112, balance the force distribution on both sides of the carriage 1, and prevent the carriage 1 from shifting due to unilateral force when lifting.

[0034] The roller 112 can rotate around its own axis and roll into contact with the track of the forklift mast when the carriage 1 is raised or lowered, converting the sliding friction between the carriage 1 and the mast into rolling friction. At the same time, the roller 112 is made of high-strength and wear-resistant material and can bear the overall weight of the carriage 1, the forklift body 5 and the goods, ensuring that no deformation occurs during the raising and lowering process.

[0035] The implementation process of a forklift fork carriage in this application embodiment is as follows: According to the stacking height of the goods, the operator controls the forklift drive system to raise and lower the carriage 1. The rollers 112 on the outer walls of the first upright plate 11 and the second upright plate 12 of the carriage 1 roll along the mast track, so that the forklift body 5 is raised and lowered smoothly to the height that matches the goods, and the initial alignment is completed. Hydraulic oil is supplied to the first inlet 151 of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2 through the hydraulic pipeline 15. The first piston rod 21 is pushed out by the oil pressure and abuts against the inner side of one end of the support frame 52 of the fork body 5. At the same time, oil returns from the second inlet 152 and the second piston rod 22 retracts. Under the thrust of the first piston rod 21, the fork body 5 slides along the axis of the rotation shaft 3 towards the first piston rod 21 through the slider 6 sleeved on the crossbeam 51. During the sliding process, the slider 6 on the rotating shaft 3 is engaged with the positioning slot of the crossbeam 51 through the positioning block 61 to ensure that the lateral movement trajectory of the fork body 5 is accurate and there is no lateral deviation. If the lateral movement is required in the opposite direction, the hydraulic line 15 is switched to the second oil inlet 152 to supply oil, the second piston rod 22 extends and the first piston rod 21 retracts, pushing the fork body 5 to slide to the other side until the forks are completely aligned with the goods, and the hydraulic supply is stopped. After the goods are loaded onto the forks, if it is necessary to tip the goods, the tilting cylinder 4 is activated: the hydraulic oil drives the ball piston rod 41 of the tilting cylinder 4 to extend, and the auxiliary plate 42 at the end of the ball piston rod 41 adheres to the bottom of the fork body 5 to transmit thrust, causing the fork body 5 to slowly tilt forward or backward around the rotation axis 3; during the forward or backward tilting process, the ball piston rod 41 rotates flexibly within the auxiliary plate 42 with the angle change of the fork body 5 to compensate for the angle deviation; when the fork body 5 rotates to the preset safe angle, the limiting plate 131 on the slide 1 cross plate 13 contacts the inner wall of the limiting groove 14 at the bottom of the fork body 5, preventing the fork body 5 from continuing to tip over and preventing the goods from spilling due to excessive tilting; after the goods are tipped, the tilting cylinder 4 is controlled to return to its original position, the ball piston rod 41 retracts, pulls the fork body 5 to rotate in the opposite direction to reset, and the limiting plate 131 returns to its original position with the fork body 5 and disengages from the inner wall of the limiting groove 14, waiting for the next operation.

[0036] Example 2 This application also provides a forklift, including a forklift fork carriage, forks, and a mast. A carriage 1 rises and falls on the mast. The forks are mounted on the fork carriage body 5 on the side away from the carriage 1. The forks are the direct load-bearing components for goods, lifting them by inserting their teeth into the bottom of the goods (such as pallets or boxes). The forks are made of high-strength metal, capable of bearing the weight of the goods and preventing bending and deformation due to heavy loads. Simultaneously, the length and spacing of the forks can be adjusted according to the specifications of the goods to meet the handling needs of goods of different sizes. The mast is the guiding and supporting structure for the lifting of the forklift fork carriage. It is vertically installed at the front of the forklift, providing a rolling track for the rollers 112 of the carriage 1. The mast bears the overall weight of the fork carriage, forks, and goods, ensuring structural stability during lifting.

[0037] The forklift fork carriage connects the mast and the forks, providing a stable mounting base for the forks. It drives the fork carriage body 5 to move laterally via its integrated bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder 2, and tilts the fork carriage body 5 forward and backward using the tilting cylinder 4 to complete the loading and unloading of goods. Simultaneously, the fork carriage slide 1, in cooperation with the mast via rollers 112, achieves overall lifting and lowering, adapting to the handling needs of goods at different heights, thereby improving handling efficiency. Compared to traditional multi-component stacked fork carriages, this fork carriage structure is more compact, reduces obstruction of vision, facilitates operator observation of the operation, and improves operational safety.

[0038] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A forklift fork carriage, characterized in that: The system includes a carriage (1) and a fork body (5) mounted on the carriage (1). A bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder (2) is fixedly mounted on the carriage (1). A rotating shaft (3) is mounted on the top of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder (2). The fork body (5) is slidably mounted on the rotating shaft (3). The bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder (2) is located inside the fork body (5). The first piston rod (21) and the second piston rod (22) of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder (2) respectively abut against and drive the two ends of the fork body (5) so that the fork body (5) moves along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3) on the rotating shaft (3). A fixing plate is installed on the side of the carriage (1) away from the fork body (5). A tilting cylinder (4) is provided on the fixing plate. The ball piston rod (41) of the tilting cylinder (4) drives the bottom of the fork body (5) to rotate the fork body (5) around the rotating shaft (3).

2. The forklift fork carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fork body (5) includes a crossbeam (51) and a support frame (52) connected to the crossbeam (51). Multiple sliders (6) are spaced apart on the rotating shaft (3) along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3). The crossbeam (51) is sleeved on the multiple sliders (6). The top of the crossbeam (51) is provided with a first connecting hole (511) and a connector spaced apart. The slider (6) is provided with a second connecting hole (62). The connector passes through the first connecting hole (511) and extends into the second connecting hole (62) to connect the crossbeam (51) with the multiple sliders (6). The first piston rod (21) abuts against the inner side of one end of the support frame (52), and the second piston rod (22) abuts against the inner side of the other end of the support frame (52).

3. The forklift fork carriage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slider (6) is provided with a positioning block (61), the second connecting hole (62) is opened on the positioning block (61), the crossbeam (51) is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves on the side near the slider (6), the positioning grooves are provided one-to-one with the slider (6), and the positioning block (61) is fitted into the positioning groove.

4. The forklift fork carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball head piston rod (41) of the tilting cylinder (4) is provided with an auxiliary plate (42) at its end. The auxiliary plate (42) is fitted to the bottom of the fork body (5). A connecting rod (43) is inserted through the auxiliary plate (42). The ball head piston rod (41) extends into the auxiliary plate (42), and the connecting rod (43) passes through the ball head piston rod (41) to connect the ball head piston rod (41) to the auxiliary plate (42).

5. The forklift fork carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carriage (1) includes a first upright plate (11), a second upright plate (12), and a horizontal plate (13). The first upright plate (11) and the second upright plate (12) are respectively installed at both ends of the horizontal plate (13). A first bearing plate (111) is provided on the side of the first upright plate (11) near the fork body (5). A second bearing plate (121) is provided on the side of the second upright plate (12) near the fork body (5) and is on the same horizontal plane as the first bearing plate (111). The bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder (2) is fixedly installed on the first bearing plate (111) and the second bearing plate (121).

6. The forklift fork carriage according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting plate (131) is provided at one end of the horizontal plate (13) near the fork body (5). A limiting groove (14) is opened on the horizontal surface at the bottom of the slide (1). One end of the limiting plate (131) is connected to the horizontal plate (13), and the other end extends into the limiting groove (14) to limit the rotation angle of the fork body (5).

7. The forklift fork carriage according to claim 5, characterized in that: A hydraulic pipeline (15) is installed between the first upright plate (11) and the second upright plate (12). The first output end of the hydraulic pipeline (15) is connected to the first oil inlet (151) of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder (2) to drive the first piston rod (21) to move. The second output end of the hydraulic pipeline (15) is connected to the second oil inlet (152) of the bidirectional telescopic hydraulic cylinder (2) to drive the second piston rod (22) to move.

8. The forklift fork carriage according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple rollers (112) for lifting are embedded on the outer wall of the first upright plate (11) and the second upright plate (12) on the side away from the fork body (5).

9. A forklift, characterized in that: The forklift includes a fork carriage as described in any one of claims 1-8, and further includes forks and a mast, wherein the carriage (1) is raised and lowered on the mast, and the forks are mounted on the fork carriage body (5) on the side away from the carriage (1).

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