Agriculture-forestry compound water regulation system based on tunnel gushing water

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of agroforestry composite water regulation and control systems based on tunnel gushing, it includes raw water collection unit, purification treatment unit, regulation and storage water unit, water supply subarea unit, intelligent control unit, energy security unit;Belong to water resource efficient utilization and ecological restoration engineering technical field;This system can respond to gushing condition under different geological conditions in tunnel construction, realize the preliminary separation of silt and impurities;Purification treatment unit ensures that water quality is suitable for farmland irrigation and forest water replenishment;Regulation and storage water unit has water level regulation and overflow protection function, can stabilize water supply;Water supply subarea unit can implement independent irrigation management to farmland and forest, adapt to the water demand of different regions;Intelligent control unit combines meteorological detection and other data, realizes accurate water regulation and automation operation;Energy security unit realizes the energy supply of power-free mountainous area;This system structure is reasonable, efficient in operation, applicable to mountainous area agroforestry ecological restoration engineering in tunnel gushing resource utilization scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of engineering technology for efficient utilization of water resources and ecological restoration, and in particular relates to an agricultural and forestry integrated water use regulation system based on tunnel water inflow, which is applied to the resource utilization of water inflow generated during tunnel construction in mountainous and hilly areas. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of transportation infrastructure in mountainous and hilly areas, tunnel excavation is often accompanied by the continuous outflow of large amounts of groundwater (rush water). Traditionally, the rush water is directly drained through drainage networks, failing to achieve resource utilization and resulting in water waste. At the same time, mountainous farmland and forest restoration areas often suffer from insufficient water supply and uneven water distribution, which are particularly prominent during the dry season.

[0003] Although some irrigation systems have incorporated rainwater or domestic sewage treatment and reuse systems, there is still no comprehensive water control system that addresses the characteristics of "tunnel water inrush" and combines the different needs of "agricultural land and forest land". Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems and shortcomings of the existing technologies, this utility model proposes a comprehensive agricultural and forestry water use regulation system that addresses the challenges of water quality fluctuations, high mud content, potential heavy metal contamination, and the different water demand patterns of farmland and forestland in mountainous areas. This system features a scientifically designed and efficient structure, high automation, and strong adaptability. It effectively collects, purifies, stores, and intelligently regulates tunnel water inflow, enabling precise zoned supply of agricultural and forestry water, improving water resource utilization efficiency, and balancing ecological restoration and water conservation needs. It is suitable for ecological reconstruction of farmland and forestland along tunnel routes in mountainous and hilly areas.

[0005] This utility model's agricultural and forestry water use regulation system based on tunnel water inflow includes a raw water collection unit, a purification and treatment unit, a water storage and regulation unit, a water supply zoning unit, an intelligent control unit, and an energy security unit. The raw water collection unit is located at the tunnel exit and includes a sedimentation tank, a water guide channel, and an overflow prevention channel. A debris rack is installed at the top of the sedimentation tank to block floating impurities. A sludge discharge port I is located at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, with a sludge discharge valve installed on top. An overflow prevention channel is located on one side of the sedimentation tank, and the top of the sedimentation tank is connected to it via a pipe. The purification unit includes a gravel layer filter tank, an ecological plant pond, and an activated carbon pond. The sedimentation tank is connected to the gravel layer filter tank via a water guide channel, and the gravel layer filter tank, ecological plant pond, and activated carbon pond are connected sequentially via pipes. The water storage unit includes a water storage tank, an overflow well, a water level sensor, and an overflow pipe. The activated carbon pond is connected to the water storage tank via a pipe, and the water storage tank is connected to the overflow well via an overflow pipe. A cover plate is installed on the top of the water storage tank, and a water level sensor is installed inside the water storage tank. The overflow pipe is located within the water storage tank. A float valve is installed at one end of the reservoir, a sludge discharge port II is installed at the bottom of the reservoir, and a water discharge channel is installed in the middle. A water quality sensor is installed inside the reservoir. The water supply zone unit includes a main water supply pipe, a forest water supply pipe, and a farmland water supply pipe. An overflow well is connected to the main water supply pipe, which is connected to both the forest water supply pipe and the farmland water supply pipe. Both the forest water supply pipe and the farmland water supply pipe are equipped with solenoid valves, flow meters, and pressure regulating devices. The forest water supply pipe is connected to the seepage irrigation network set up in the forest, and the farmland water supply pipe is connected to the drip irrigation network set up in the farmland. Soil moisture sensors and meteorological monitoring instruments are installed in the forest and farmland. The intelligent control unit includes a PLC controller, which is connected to the solenoid valves, flow meters, water level sensors, soil moisture sensors, and meteorological monitoring instruments. The energy security module includes a solar panel, an inverter, and a battery. The solar panel, inverter, and battery are connected in sequence, and the battery is connected to a solenoid valve, a weather monitor, and the inverter, respectively.

[0006] The system also includes a client, which may include a personal computer, smartphone or tablet. The PLC controller is connected to the client's wireless transmission module II via wireless transmission module I.

[0007] The working principle of this system is as follows: 1. Tunnel water flows into the raw water collection unit, and after initial purification through sedimentation in the sedimentation tank and interception by the trash rack, it flows into the purification treatment unit. 2. The water body passes through a gravel layer filtration pool, an ecological plant pool, and an activated carbon pool in sequence to complete three-stage purification and meet the standards for irrigation water. 3. The purified water is stored in a water storage tank. When the water level in the tank reaches the set value, the system starts the water supply program. 4. The intelligent control unit determines whether to supply water based on meteorological data, soil moisture and water level data of each zone, and automatically controls the opening and closing of solenoid valves in farmland or forest. 5. During irrigation, the flow meter records the water consumption, allowing managers to remotely monitor and adjust the system; 6. The system is powered by solar energy and equipped with a remote communication module, allowing administrators to remotely view data or issue commands via mobile terminals; 7. In case of heavy rain or equipment maintenance, water can be drained quickly through overflow channels and drainage channels to ensure system safety.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This utility model has a compact structure and is suitable for ecological restoration sites with various slopes, soil types and vegetation structures. It has significant practical value for water-saving, efficient and intelligent management of agroforestry water use in mountainous areas.

[0009] 1. This system is equipped with a raw water collection unit, which can automatically adapt to the fluctuation of water inflow in the tunnel, effectively block sand and debris, and ensure the safe operation of subsequent treatment units; 2. The purification unit of this system adopts a multi-stage purification process of gravel filtration + ecological plant purification + activated carbon adsorption, resulting in stable effluent quality that meets agricultural and forestry irrigation standards and also has ecological beautification functions. 3. The water storage unit of this system has a compact structure and is equipped with a water level sensor and an overflow pipe. It can automatically control the water level and respond to emergencies such as heavy rainfall, ensuring the safe operation of the system. The water storage tank adopts a prefabricated structure, which is convenient for rapid deployment and maintenance in mountainous areas and improves the applicability of the project. 4. The water supply zoning module of this system enables differentiated irrigation for farmland and forest land by setting up solenoid valves, flow meters and drip / seepage irrigation networks, thereby improving the accuracy of water resource allocation; 5. The intelligent control unit of this system combines soil moisture, water storage and weather forecast information to realize automatic start and stop control and real-time data monitoring, reducing manpower input and improving operating efficiency. 6. This system adopts an independent solar power supply design, which is suitable for complex environments such as remote mountainous areas and areas without electricity, and operates stably and reliably; 7. The overall structure is modular, construction is simple, maintenance cycle is long, and operating cost is low. It has good practical application value and adaptability to ecological restoration. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the raw water collection unit structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the purification treatment unit structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water storage and regulation unit structure; In the diagram: 1-Raw water collection unit, 2-Purification and treatment unit, 3-Water storage and regulation unit, 4-Water supply zone unit, 5-Intelligent control unit, 6-Energy security unit; 1-1 Grit chamber, 1-2 Water diversion channel, 1-3 Overflow channel, 1-4 Trash rack, 1-5 Sludge discharge valve; 2-1 Crushed stone layer filtration pond, 2-2 Ecological plant pond, 2-3 Activated carbon pond; 3-1 Water storage tank, 3-2 Overflow well, 3-3 Water level sensor, 3-4 Overflow pipe, 3-5 Float valve, 3-6 Sludge discharge port II, 3-7 Drainage channel, 3-8 Water quality sensor; 4-1 Main water supply pipeline; 4-2 Forest water supply pipeline; 4-3 Farmland water supply pipeline; 4-4 Seepage irrigation network; 4-5 Drip irrigation network; 4-6 Soil moisture sensor; 4-7 Meteorological monitoring instrument. 5-1 PLC controller; 5-2 Wireless transmission module I; 6-1 Solar panel; 6-2 Inverter; 6-3 Battery. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0012] Example 1: As Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention is a water regulation system for agroforestry based on tunnel water inflow, characterized in that it includes a raw water collection unit 1, a purification treatment unit 2, a water storage unit 3, a water supply zoning unit 4, an intelligent control unit 5, and an energy security unit 6. The raw water collection unit 1 is located at the tunnel exit and includes a sedimentation tank 1-1, a water guide channel 1-2, and an overflow prevention channel 1-3. A trash rack 1-4 is installed at the top of the sedimentation tank 1-1, and a sludge discharge port 1-5 is opened at the bottom. An overflow prevention channel 1-3 is installed on one side of the sedimentation tank 1-1, and the top of the sedimentation tank is connected to it via a pipe. The purification treatment unit 2 includes a gravel layer filter tank 2-1, an ecological plant pool 2-2, and an activated carbon filter. Activated carbon tank 2-3 and grit chamber 1-1 are connected to gravel layer filter tank 2-1 via water guide channel 1-2. Gravel layer filter tank 2-1, ecological plant tank 2-2, and activated carbon tank 2-3 are connected sequentially via pipes. Regulating and storing water unit 3 includes water storage tank 3-1, overflow well 3-2, water level sensor 3-3, and overflow pipe 3-4. Activated carbon tank 2-3 is connected to water storage tank 3-1 via pipes. Water storage tank 3-1 is connected to overflow well 3-2 via overflow pipe 3-4. The reservoir 3-1 is connected to the main water supply system. A cover plate is installed on the top of the reservoir 3-1. A water level sensor 3-3 is installed inside the reservoir 3-1. A float valve 3-5 is installed at one end of the overflow pipe 3-4 inside the reservoir 3-1. A sludge discharge port II 3-6 is installed at the bottom of the reservoir 3-1. A drainage channel 3-7 is installed in the middle of the reservoir. A water quality sensor 3-8 is installed inside the reservoir 3-1. The water supply zone unit 4 includes a main water supply pipe 4-1, a forest water supply pipe 4-2, and a farmland water supply pipe. 4-3, Overflow well 3-2 is connected to the main water supply pipe, which is connected to the forest water supply pipe and the farmland water supply pipe respectively. The forest water supply pipe and the farmland water supply pipe are equipped with solenoid valves, flow meters and pressure regulating devices. The forest water supply pipe is connected to the seepage irrigation network 4-4 set in the forest, and the farmland water supply pipe is connected to the drip irrigation network 4-5 set in the farmland. Soil moisture sensor 4-6 and meteorological monitor 4-7 are set in the forest or farmland. The intelligent control unit 5 includes a PLC controller 5-1, which is connected to the solenoid valve, flow meter, water level sensor, soil moisture sensor and meteorological monitor respectively. The energy security module includes a solar panel 6-1, inverter 6-2 and battery 6-3, which are connected in sequence. The battery is connected to the solenoid valve, meteorological monitor and inverter respectively.

[0013] Example 2: The system structure of this example is the same as that of Example 1, except that it also includes a client, which is a smartphone. The PLC controller 5-1 is connected to the client's wireless transmission module II through wireless transmission module I 5-2. Multiple raw water collection units are set up.

[0014] When the above system is in use, the tunnel water flow is collected into several raw water collection units 1, and the sedimentation tanks 1-1 are used for settling sediment. The sediment is settled in the sedimentation tanks, and large particles are intercepted by the screens 1-4. After preliminary purification, the water flows through the guide channel 1-2 into the gravel layer filter tank 2-1. The overflow channel 1-3 is used for diversion and pressure relief during heavy rain or sudden flow fluctuations. The sludge discharge valve 1-5 is used for periodic discharge of sediment and emergency venting. The gravel layer filter tank 2-1 is filled with particles with a diameter of 0.5–2 mm. 1cm gravel is used for physical filtration. Emergent plants such as cattails and water onions are planted in ecological plant pond 2-2, using their roots to absorb nutrients and heavy metals from the water. Activated carbon pond 2-3 is filled with activated carbon to further remove odors and organic matter. The water from activated carbon pond 2-3 is stored in water storage pond 3-1. Water level sensor 3-3 monitors the water level in real time and links with overflow well 3-2 for regulation. When the water level in the pond reaches the set value, the PLC controller starts the water supply program. Sludge discharge port II 3-6 is used to periodically discharge fine particles and sediments remaining at the bottom of the pond. Float valve 3-5 enables automatic overflow. To control and prevent the storage tank from becoming overfilled, overflow pipe 3-4 stably guides the supernatant from the storage tank into the overflow well, balancing water level and flow fluctuations; drainage channel 3-7 is used for bypass discharge and rapid water level reduction during maintenance or when water quality is substandard, without disturbing the bottom sediment; the storage tank is equipped with a cover for safety protection and to prevent debris from entering, while also serving as a light-blocking and algae-suppressing function; water quality sensor 3-8 is used to monitor key indicators of the purified water in real time (such as turbidity, pH, conductivity EC / temperature), which, combined with water level, soil moisture, and meteorological data, form a comprehensive scheduling basis, enabling supply when available and bypass discharge when limits are exceeded.

[0015] During water supply, water enters the main water pipe 4-1 from the overflow well. The solenoid valves on the forest water supply pipe 4-2 and the farmland water supply pipe 4-3 are used to control the opening and closing of water supply in the forest area and the farmland area respectively. The water is then delivered to the seepage irrigation network 4-4 in the forest and the drip irrigation network 4-5 in the farmland through the forest water supply pipe and the farmland water supply pipe for slow-release water replenishment of forest soil and precise irrigation of crop root zones. The flow meter is used to measure the actual water consumption of each zone and transmits the data back to the PLC controller 5-1 for water distribution / assessment / alarm. The pressure regulating device is used to stabilize and reduce pressure to ensure that the terminal network operates under the specified pressure. The PLC controller simultaneously performs comprehensive judgment on soil moisture, water quality, and meteorological sensor data, and controls the opening and closing of solenoid valves according to needs. The wireless transmission module I can upload monitoring data to the client, making it convenient for users to view water level, weather, valve status, water consumption in each area, and alarm push notifications in real time. The battery 6-1 is used for power supply, and the control inverter 6-2 is used to stabilize the voltage output.

Claims

1. An agroforestry water use regulation system based on tunnel water inflow, characterized in that: It includes a raw water collection unit (1), a purification and treatment unit (2), a water storage and regulation unit (3), a water supply zoning unit (4), an intelligent control unit (5), and an energy security unit (6). The raw water collection unit (1) is located at the tunnel exit. It includes a sedimentation tank (1-1), a water guide channel (1-2), and an overflow prevention channel (1-3). The sedimentation tank (1-1) is equipped with a trash rack (1-4) at the top and a sludge discharge port I at the bottom, which is equipped with a sludge discharge valve (1-5). An overflow prevention channel (1-3) is provided on one side of the sedimentation tank (1-1), and the top of the sedimentation tank is connected to it through a pipe. The purification treatment unit (2) includes a gravel layer filter pool (2-1), an ecological plant pool (2-2), and an activated carbon pool (2-3). The grit chamber (1-1) is connected to the gravel layer filter pool (2-1) through a water guide channel (1-2). The gravel layer filter pool (2-1), the ecological plant pool (2-2), and the activated carbon pool (2-3) are connected in sequence through pipelines. The water storage unit (3) includes a water storage tank (3-1), an overflow well (3-2), a water level sensor (3-3), and an overflow pipe (3-4). The activated carbon tank (2-3) is connected to the water storage tank (3-1) through a pipe. The water storage tank (3-1) is connected to the overflow well (3-2) through the overflow pipe (3-4). The top of the water storage tank (3-1) is equipped with a cover plate. The water level sensor (3-3) is installed inside the water storage tank (3-1). A float valve (3-5) is installed at one end of the overflow pipe (3-4) inside the water storage tank (3-1). A sludge discharge port II (3-6) is installed at the bottom of the water storage tank (3-1). A water discharge channel (3-7) is installed in the middle. A water quality sensor (3-8) is installed inside the water storage tank (3-1). The water supply zone unit (4) includes a main water supply pipe (4-1), a forest water supply pipe (4-2), and a farmland water supply pipe (4-3). An overflow well (3-2) is connected to the main water supply pipe. The main water supply pipe is connected to the forest water supply pipe and the farmland water supply pipe respectively. The forest water supply pipe and the farmland water supply pipe are equipped with solenoid valves, flow meters and pressure regulating devices. The forest water supply pipe is connected to the seepage irrigation network (4-4) set in the forest. The farmland water supply pipe is connected to the drip irrigation network (4-5) set in the farmland. Soil moisture sensors (4-6) and meteorological monitoring instruments (4-7) are set in the forest and farmland. The intelligent control unit (5) includes a PLC controller (5-1), which is connected to a solenoid valve, a flow meter, a water level sensor, a soil moisture sensor, and a weather monitor. The energy security module includes a solar panel (6-1), an inverter (6-2), and a battery (6-3). The solar panel (6-1), inverter (6-2), and battery (6-3) are connected in sequence. The battery is connected to the solenoid valve, the weather monitor, and the inverter, respectively.

2. The agroforestry water use regulation system based on tunnel water inflow according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a client, which may include a personal computer, smartphone or tablet. The PLC controller (5-1) is connected to the client's wireless transmission module II via wireless transmission module I (5-2).

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