Vehicle sensing curve warning guide spike

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vehicle response curve early warning guide spike belongs to intelligent traffic technical field, and the spike includes fixed plate and with the detachable connection protection shell of fixed plate, and the both enclose the inner chamber, and the inner chamber is fixed with circuit board through the elastic support column, installs three -axis geomagnetic sensor, six -axis inertial navigation sensor and MEMS microphone array on the circuit board, and the circuit board has the oblique installation surface of the upward inclination to the preset car direction, and the MEMS microphone array is fixed on the oblique installation surface to realize directional pickup. The utility model discloses through the multi -sensor fusion and specific structure layout, solved the single sensor identification accuracy low, the problem of being easily interfered with, realized accurate identification vehicle, millisecond level response and high reliable self -organizing network linkage early warning, and the compound power supply and shock attenuation structure have improved the stability and service life of equipment long -term autonomous operation significantly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of intelligent transportation technology, and in particular to vehicle sensing curve warning guide studs. Background Technology

[0002] Road studs, as a basic traffic safety facility, are widely laid on road surfaces to mark lane boundaries or guide driving paths. Especially at night or in low visibility conditions, their reflective properties can effectively improve the visibility of the road outline.

[0003] With the increasing demand for intelligent transportation, especially in mountainous areas and tunnel entrances / exits where visibility is limited by sharp bends, traditional passive reflective road studs can no longer meet the needs of active safety warnings. Therefore, the industry has developed smart road studs that can actively sense vehicles and emit light signals. These early smart road studs typically incorporated a single type of sensor, such as a triaxial geomagnetic sensor, to detect changes in the geomagnetic field caused by a vehicle's metal chassis passing over it, thus determining whether a vehicle was approaching.

[0004] However, relying solely on a single geomagnetic sensor for detection has inherent limitations in complex road environments. Because geomagnetic sensors respond to magnetic field disturbances, they can be triggered not only by motor vehicles but also by non-target objects such as large metal debris, electric bicycles, and even repair tools, leading to numerous false alarms. Conversely, for vehicles with high chassis or extremely high speeds, the resulting geomagnetic disturbances may be weak or too brief, causing the sensor to fail to trigger effectively and resulting in dangerous missed alarms. This low accuracy significantly reduces the reliability of warning signals. Frequent false alarms can cause drivers to gradually ignore warnings, while occasional missed alarms can pose fatal safety hazards.

[0005] Therefore, this utility model proposes a vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the problems in the existing technology of vehicle sensing curve warning guide studs, which rely on a single sensor for vehicle identification, resulting in low identification accuracy and susceptibility to environmental interference leading to false alarms or missed alarms, this utility model aims to provide a vehicle sensing curve warning guide stud with an improved structure that can effectively solve the above problems.

[0007] This utility model provides a vehicle sensing curve warning guide stud, including a fixing plate for fixing to the road surface, and a protective shell that is detachably connected to the fixing plate by bolts. The protective shell and the fixing plate together enclose an inner cavity for accommodating electronic components. The stud also includes a circuit board horizontally arranged in the inner cavity and fixed to the fixing plate, and a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, a six-axis inertial navigation sensor, a MEMS microphone array, an edge computing unit, and a Bluetooth mash communication module mounted on the circuit board.

[0008] The sensing plane of the triaxial geomagnetic sensor mounted on the circuit board is parallel to the surface of the circuit board.

[0009] Furthermore, the circuit board has an upwardly tilted mounting surface at the end facing the preset oncoming vehicle direction, and the MEMS microphone array is fixed on the tilted mounting surface so that its sound pickup direction is tilted towards one side of the protective shell; the edge computing unit is electrically connected to the three-axis geomagnetic sensor, the six-axis inertial navigation sensor and the MEMS microphone array respectively, and the Bluetooth mash communication module is controlled by the edge computing unit.

[0010] Preferably, the MEMS microphone array includes four microphone units arranged linearly along the extension direction of the inclined mounting surface of the circuit board. This array structure is used to form a directional sound pickup beam to enhance the acquisition accuracy of vehicle sound sources in a specific direction.

[0011] Preferably, the measurement axis system of the six-axis inertial navigation sensor is orthogonal to the measurement axis system of the three-axis geomagnetic sensor. This spatial arrangement is beneficial for the coordinated perception and differentiation of the combined geomagnetic and vibration disturbance signals generated in different dimensions when a vehicle passes by.

[0012] Preferably, the circuit board is fixed to the fixing plate by multiple elastic support columns, and a gap is left between the bottom surface of the circuit board and the top surface of the fixing plate to buffer the impact of vehicle crushing. The elastic connection and buffer gap provide effective mechanical impact protection for the internal precision electronic components.

[0013] Preferably, the outer top surface of the protective shell is integrally formed with a groove for installing a solar panel, and the solar panel is embedded in the groove. This integrated design not only facilitates installation, but also protects the edges of the solar panel.

[0014] Preferably, the circuit board also integrates a power management module, and the road stud also includes a supercapacitor disposed in the inner cavity. The output end of the solar panel and the supercapacitor are both electrically connected to the power management module as power inputs for efficient storage and intelligent distribution of the collected energy.

[0015] Preferably, the road spike also includes a vibration energy acquisition module, which is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the fixing plate, and its output end is also electrically connected to the power management module to form a composite power supply with the solar panel, further improving the energy self-sufficiency of the equipment in severe weather.

[0016] Preferably, the protective shell is made of high-strength polycarbonate material, and its side wall facing the preset oncoming vehicle direction is provided with sound-transmitting holes corresponding to the position of the MEMS microphone array. The structure provides an unobstructed channel for the transmission of acoustic signals while ensuring overall compressive strength.

[0017] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model integrates three sensors of different physical dimensions—a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, a six-axis inertial navigation sensor, and a MEMS microphone array—with an edge computing unit on the same circuit board, and tilts the microphone array to achieve directional sound pickup. This solves the problems of low recognition accuracy and susceptibility to environmental interference leading to false alarms or missed alarms caused by the reliance on a single sensor for existing road studs. It achieves the technical effects of multi-source information fusion, accurate vehicle type identification, and greatly improves the robustness and accuracy of the early warning system.

[0018] 2. This utility model solves the problems of high latency caused by existing early warning systems relying on cloud computing and public network communication, as well as unreliable operation in areas with poor signal such as tunnels or mountains, by integrating the edge computing unit and Bluetooth mash communication module inside the road stud. It achieves the technical effects of autonomous decision-making at the device end, millisecond-level fast response, and self-organizing network linkage early warning without relying on external networks, ensuring the real-time nature of the early warning and high reliability in any environment.

[0019] 3. This utility model, by setting a solar panel embedded in the groove of the protective shell and combining it with a vibration energy acquisition module fixed to the bottom surface of the fixed plate, forms a dual-mode composite power supply system. This solves the problem that the existing road studs use a single power supply method, which has insufficient endurance and is prone to power outages in severe weather such as continuous rainy days. It achieves the technical effects of energy complementarity, greatly extending the endurance of the equipment under no-sunlight conditions, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the system, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0020] 4. This utility model solves the problem that traditional road studs, by using elastic support columns to connect the internal circuit board to the fixed plate and leaving a buffer gap between them, are prone to damage due to impact and vibration when subjected to repeated vehicle crushing. It achieves the technical effect of effective shock absorption and protection of the circuit board and precision sensors from impact damage, and significantly improves the structural stability and service life of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a partial structural exploded view of the vehicle sensing curve warning guide stud proposed in this utility model.

[0022] Legend: 1. Mounting plate; 2. Protective shell; 3. Three-axis geomagnetic sensor; 4. MEMS microphone array; 5. Six-axis inertial navigation sensor; 6. Bluetooth mash communication module. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Example

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud includes a fixing plate 1 for fixing to the road surface, and a protective shell 2 that is detachably connected to the fixing plate 1 by bolts. The protective shell 2 and the fixing plate 1 together enclose an inner cavity for accommodating electronic components. The protective shell 2 is made of high-strength polycarbonate material, and its side wall facing the preset oncoming vehicle direction is provided with sound-transmitting holes corresponding to the position of the MEMS microphone array 4. The outer top surface of the protective shell 2 is integrally formed with a groove for installing a solar panel, and a solar panel is embedded in the groove.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4A circuit board is horizontally arranged inside the cavity. The circuit board is fixed to a fixed plate 1 by multiple elastic support columns, and a gap is left between the bottom surface of the circuit board and the top surface of the fixed plate 1 to buffer the impact of vehicles running over it. The circuit board integrates a triaxial geomagnetic sensor 3, a six-axis inertial navigation sensor 5, a MEMS microphone array 4, an edge computing unit, and a Bluetooth mash communication module 6. The triaxial geomagnetic sensor 3 is fixedly mounted on the circuit board, and its sensing plane is parallel to the surface of the circuit board to accurately detect the change of the vertical component of the geomagnetic field caused by the passing of a vehicle's metal chassis. The six-axis inertial navigation sensor 5 is also fixedly mounted on the circuit board, and its measurement axis is orthogonal to that of the triaxial geomagnetic sensor 3. This layout allows for the coordinated sensing of the combined disturbance of geomagnetism and vibration generated when a vehicle passes by. The edge computing unit and the Bluetooth mash communication module 6 are both integrated on the circuit board. The edge computing unit is electrically connected to the triaxial geomagnetic sensor 3, the six-axis inertial navigation sensor 5, and the MEMS microphone array 4 to process the collected data. The Bluetooth mash communication module 6 is controlled by the edge computing unit to perform wireless communication.

[0026] Meanwhile, the circuit board has an integrally formed inclined mounting surface at the end facing the preset oncoming vehicle direction. The MEMS microphone array 4 is fixed on the inclined mounting surface, so that its sound pickup direction is tilted towards the side of the protective shell 2, thereby being able to face the oncoming vehicle direction to collect the clearest voiceprint signal. The MEMS microphone array 4 specifically includes four microphone units arranged linearly along the extension direction of the inclined mounting surface of the circuit board. This array arrangement is used to form a directional sound pickup beam, enhance the ability to capture sound sources in a specific direction and suppress environmental noise.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, in order to achieve efficient solar energy collection and structural integration, the outer top surface of the protective shell 2 is integrally formed with a groove for installing solar panels. The solar panels are embedded in the grooves, and their top surfaces are flush with the outer top surface of the protective shell 2 to reduce the risk of damage when run over by vehicles.

[0028] As a further preferred embodiment, in order to further enhance the endurance and form a composite power supply mode, the road stud also includes a vibration energy acquisition module. The vibration energy acquisition module is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the fixing plate 1 to directly sense road vibration. Its output end is also electrically connected to the power management module to form a composite power supply with the solar panel.

[0029] As another preferred embodiment, in order to provide robust protection without affecting the acquisition of voiceprint signals, the protective shell 2 is made of high-strength polycarbonate material, and multiple sound-transmitting holes are opened on its side wall facing the preset oncoming vehicle direction at positions corresponding to the MEMS microphone array 4, so as to ensure that sound waves can enter the inner cavity without attenuation.

[0030] Working principle: When a vehicle approaches and passes over a road stud, the ground vibration generated by the vehicle is transmitted through the fixed plate 1 and accurately sensed by the six-axis inertial navigation sensor 5 mounted on the circuit board; at the same time, the geomagnetic field disturbance caused by the vehicle's metal chassis is captured by the three-axis geomagnetic sensor 3; the sound waves generated by the vehicle's engine and tires pass through the sound-permeable holes on the side wall of the protective shell 2 and are directionally collected by the MEMS microphone array 4 fixed on the inclined mounting surface of the circuit board. Multi-dimensional physical signals collected by a triaxial geomagnetic sensor 3, a six-axis inertial sensor 5, and a MEMS microphone array 4 are transmitted in real time to an edge computing unit integrated on the same circuit board. The edge computing unit uses a built-in multi-source data fusion algorithm to quickly analyze and make decisions on these signals, completing vehicle type identification and confirmation in a very short time. Once a vehicle is confirmed to be passing, the edge computing unit immediately controls the Bluetooth mash communication module 6 to send the warning information to other road studs downstream through a self-organizing network, achieving coordinated early warning. The triaxial geomagnetic sensor 3 (sensitivity ±0.1μT, road surface flat) detects 50-200μT geomagnetic disturbances, the six-axis inertial sensor 5 (MPU6050, ±16g acceleration, ±2000° / s gyroscope, 1kHz sampling) senses ground vibrations, and the MEMS microphone array 4 (4 microphones, 20Hz-20kHz frequency response, tilted 30° towards the oncoming vehicle) collects engine and tire sound patterns. Based on the multi-sensor fusion algorithm of the edge lightweight model, vehicle types such as fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles can be classified and identified within 200ms. Information transmission utilizes a 6-unit self-organizing network of Bluetooth Mesh communication modules (Bluetooth 5.2, transmission latency <200ms, 15-20 meters / group), linking upstream and downstream road studs to form an early warning chain. During the warning phase, road studs in the oncoming lane within 100 meters flash at 8-10Hz, and the roadside LED screen displays "Oncoming vehicle ahead." Compared to NB-IoT, Bluetooth Mesh has 65 times the node capacity (32,768 nodes) of NB-IoT (500 nodes per base station), shorter transmission latency (average 18ms), and 75% energy savings in power consumption (0.3mW / cycle). The core hardware includes an edge computing unit (STM32F103C8T6 main controller, running FreeRTOS, DSP core processing voiceprint FFT). In terms of core algorithms, a baseline model is established for geomagnetic disturbance identification, with magnetic declination ≥5° or ΔB>15μT marking as valid; acoustic signature extraction and analysis are performed in the 2-5kHz frequency band, with MFCC coefficients matched to a vehicle model database (recognition rate 92%), and signal-to-noise ratio >25dB being valid; motion features are extracted using Kalman filtering (8-bit fixed-point operation, time 0.6ms), with acceleration RMS>0.2g being valid. Multi-source fusion uses DS evidence theory, with the confidence formula P_final=0.6P_mag+0.3P_audio+0.1*P_position. A warning is triggered if the confidence of dual sensors is ≥85% or if either "ΔB>15μT and acceleration RMS>0.2g" or "signal-to-noise ratio>25dB" is met. Three major technological breakthroughs have been achieved: full physical quantity detection (vibration, electromagnetic, acoustic), autonomous decision-making without network; passive deployment, completed in 30 minutes without breaking the road; edge computing optimization, MobileNetV3 model (1.5MB, 92% recognition rate, inference <15ms), solar + vibration dual-mode power supply (18 days of battery life in cloudy and rainy weather), and PTPv2 protocol to achieve μs-level synchronization of sensors.The low-power design utilizes solar energy and a supercapacitor, with standby power consumption of <3mW. Event-driven operation ensures only the geomagnetic sensor remains active, and solar power can sustain operation for 10 cloudy / rainy days. Dual-mode energy management combines solar energy and vibration energy harvesting, extending battery life to 18 days in cloudy / rainy conditions, reducing reliance on a single power source. Simultaneously, the PTPv2 precision clock protocol enables microsecond-level synchronization of the MPU6050 (1kHz), geomagnetic sensor (100Hz), and acoustic pattern array (48kHz), ensuring time alignment of multi-source data and improving fusion accuracy. The continuous operation of the road spikes is ensured by a composite energy system. The solar panels installed in the external groove of the protective shell 2 and the vibration energy harvesting module fixed to the inner bottom surface of the fixed plate 1 work together to charge the supercapacitor in the inner cavity. The power management module provides stable power to the entire system. During the vehicle's rolling process, the elastic support column and the gap formed between it and the fixed plate 1 play a key role in shock absorption and buffering, protecting the internal circuit board and precision sensors from impact damage and ensuring the long-term structural reliability of the device.

Claims

1. A vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud, comprising a fixing plate (1) for fixing to the road surface, and a protective shell (2) detachably connected to the fixing plate (1) by bolts, the protective shell (2) and the fixing plate (1) together forming an inner cavity for accommodating electronic components; characterized in that, The rail spike also includes: A circuit board that is horizontally disposed in the inner cavity and fixed on the fixing plate (1); A triaxial geomagnetic sensor (3) is mounted on the circuit board for detecting geomagnetic disturbances. The sensing plane of the triaxial geomagnetic sensor (3) is parallel to the surface of the circuit board. A six-axis inertial navigation sensor (5) mounted on the circuit board for sensing ground vibration. The MEMS microphone array (4) is mounted on the circuit board for collecting voiceprints. The circuit board has an upwardly inclined mounting surface at one end facing the preset oncoming vehicle direction. The MEMS microphone array (4) is fixed on the inclined mounting surface so that its sound pickup direction is tilted toward one side of the protective shell (2). An edge computing unit integrated on the circuit board and electrically connected to the triaxial geomagnetic sensor (3), the six-axis inertial navigation sensor (5), and the MEMS microphone array (4), respectively; And a Bluetooth mash communication module (6) integrated on the circuit board and controlled by the edge computing unit.

2. The vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MEMS microphone array (4) includes four microphone units arranged linearly along the extension direction of the inclined mounting surface of the circuit board to form a directional pickup beam.

3. The vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement axis system of the six-axis inertial navigation sensor (5) is orthogonally set to the measurement axis system of the three-axis geomagnetic sensor (3) so as to collaboratively sense the combined disturbance of geomagnetism and vibration generated when the vehicle passes by.

4. The vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit board is fixed to the fixing plate (1) by multiple elastic support columns, and a gap is left between the bottom surface of the circuit board and the top surface of the fixing plate (1) to buffer the impact of vehicle crushing.

5. The vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer top surface of the protective shell (2) is integrally formed with a groove for installing a solar panel, and the solar panel is embedded in the groove.

6. The vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud according to claim 5, characterized in that, The circuit board also integrates a power management module, and the road spike also includes a supercapacitor disposed in the inner cavity. The output terminal of the solar panel and the supercapacitor are both electrically connected to the power management module as power inputs.

7. The vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud according to claim 6, characterized in that, The road spike also includes a vibration energy acquisition module, which is fixed to the inner bottom surface of the fixing plate (1), and its output end is also electrically connected to the power management module to form a composite power supply with the solar panel.

8. The vehicle-sensing curve warning guide stud according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective shell (2) is made of high-strength polycarbonate material, and its side wall facing the preset oncoming vehicle direction is provided with a sound-transmitting hole corresponding to the position of the MEMS microphone array (4).

Images