A structure for a building expansion joint

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of expansion joint structures for building, including two adjacent building structures, expansion joint is formed between two adjacent building structures, expansion joint compensator is also provided, comprising: fixed base, the fixed base is fixed in the side of a building structure, and the fixed base has slit;Movable plate, including opposite two ends, one end is free end, the free end is inserted into the slit, the other end is fixed end, and the fixed end is fixed in the side of another building structure;The movable plate also has opposite two sides, one side is towards the expansion joint;Sealing element is arranged between the slit of the fixed base and the free end of the movable plate.The expansion joint structure of the utility model has the characteristics of good sealing effect, strong multidirectional displacement adaptability and strong aesthetic property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building construction technology, and more specifically, to an expansion joint structure for buildings. Background Technology

[0002] When temperatures change, the materials constituting a building structure expand and contract, causing deformation. When this deformation is constrained by the overall structural integrity, thermal stress is generated within the structure. This thermal stress not only manifests horizontally but also causes uneven vertical settlement between adjacent structural members due to differences in thermal expansion or uneven load distribution. If the thermal stress exceeds the tensile strength of the structural materials, it can lead to surface cracks and peeling of finishes, or even a decrease in the structure's load-bearing capacity or complete structural failure. To prevent cracking due to temperature changes, an expansion joint is installed at an appropriate location along the length of the construction joint during construction. The expansion joint divides the structure into two independent parts, allowing for horizontal expansion and contraction perpendicular to the joint's direction.

[0003] However, current expansion joint structures have many defects, among which rainwater seepage is a prominent issue. When a building structure undergoes expansion and contraction, the existing sealing structure of the expansion joint cannot effectively maintain a tight seal between the sealing surfaces. This leads to gaps forming on the sealing surfaces during the expansion and contraction process, allowing rainwater to seep into the expansion joint along these gaps. Once infiltrated, this rainwater causes internal dampness and corrosion, potentially leading to steel reinforcement corrosion and concrete carbonization, thus affecting the safety and durability of the building structure. Furthermore, the adaptability of existing expansion joint structures to uneven vertical settlement deformation between adjacent building structures needs improvement. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an expansion joint structure for buildings to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] This utility model provides an expansion joint structure for buildings, comprising two adjacent building structures, with an expansion joint formed between the two adjacent building structures. The feature is that it further includes an expansion joint compensator, comprising:

[0007] A fixed base, the fixed base being fixed to one side of a building structure, and the fixed base having a slit;

[0008] The movable panel includes two opposing ends, one of which is a free end that is inserted into the slit, and the other end is a fixed end that is fixed to one side of another building structure; the movable panel also has two opposing sides, one of which faces the expansion joint;

[0009] A sealing element is disposed between the slit of the fixed base and the movable plate.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the seal surrounds the outer surface of the free end of the movable plate.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the movable plate has an overall Z-shaped structure, including a first horizontal segment, a connecting segment, and a second horizontal segment; the first horizontal segment constitutes the free end of the movable plate and is inserted into the slit of the fixed base; the second horizontal segment constitutes the second end of the movable plate and is fixed to one side of another building structure; the connecting segment is used to connect the first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment; wherein, the first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment are parallel to each other, and the connecting segment is an elastic connecting segment.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, a baffle is provided on the upper surface of the fixed base along the edge, the baffle being close to the first horizontal segment and parallel to the connecting segment; a vertical segment is provided on the second horizontal segment, the vertical segment being perpendicular to the second horizontal segment, the vertical segment extending away from the expansion joint, and the top of the vertical segment being higher than the upper surface of the first horizontal segment.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, both the fixed base and the second horizontal section of the movable plate are fixed to the building structure by fasteners.

[0014] Some embodiments of this application also include a finishing layer that covers the two adjacent building structures and the same side of the expansion joint compensator.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the finishing layer has an opening at the expansion joint, the opening being filled with elastic sealant; and the width of the opening is 3-5 cm.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the fixed base and the movable plate are made of metal.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the embodiments of this utility model have at least the following advantages and positive effects:

[0018] 1. Excellent sealing effect. This utility model's expansion joint structure for buildings comprises a fixed base fixed to the building structure, a movable plate with its free end inserted into the fixed base, and a sealing element disposed between the slit of the fixed base and the free end of the movable plate, forming a dynamic sealing expansion joint compensator. The slit of the fixed base provides a precisely guiding displacement track for the free end of the movable plate. When the building structure shifts, causing deformation of the slit, the movable plate can smoothly and synchronously move with the deformation of the slit, continuously maintaining a reliable sealing state. This avoids the problem of sealing failure caused by slit deformation under tension in traditional expansion joints due to rigid connections.

[0019] 2. Strong adaptability to multi-directional displacement. By configuring a Z-shaped movable plate, the expansion joint compensator can adapt not only to the horizontal expansion and contraction deformation of two adjacent building structures, but also to the vertical deformation caused by uneven settlement of two adjacent building structures. Specifically, the first horizontal section of the movable plate can move within the slit of the fixed base to accommodate the horizontal displacement of two adjacent building structures due to thermal expansion and contraction. Simultaneously, the slit has a small vertical gap, providing a vertical displacement range for the first horizontal section. The connecting section of the movable plate, through its own slight elastic deformation, works in conjunction with the vertical displacement range of the first horizontal section within the slit to accommodate the uneven settlement deformation of two adjacent building structures due to thermal expansion and contraction. Therefore, the expansion joint compensator can not only meet the horizontal displacement compensation requirements of conventional expansion joints, but also effectively address the displacement compensation requirements caused by uneven vertical settlement of two adjacent building structures, significantly improving the adaptability of the expansion joint compensator to the displacement requirements of expansion joints under different building structure forms.

[0020] 3. High aesthetic appeal. The building structure and expansion joint compensators are covered with a finishing layer, which encapsulates the building structure and expansion joint compensators into a whole, forming a continuous, flat building surface that is consistent with the surrounding architectural style. This achieves visual unity between the building structure and the expansion joint compensators, improving the overall appearance quality of the building. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The various objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are merely illustrative illustrations of the invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings, the same reference numerals always denote the same or similar parts. Wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an expansion joint structure for buildings according to this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A.

[0024] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0025] 1. Building structure;

[0026] 2. Expansion joints;

[0027] 3. Expansion joint compensator; 31. Fixed base; 311. Slit; 312. Baffle; 32. Movable plate; 321. First horizontal section; 322. Connecting section; 323. Second horizontal section; 324. Vertical section; 33. Sealing element;

[0028] 4. Fasteners. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Although the present invention can be readily embodied in various forms, only some specific embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings and will be described in detail in this specification. It is understood that this specification should be regarded as an exemplary illustration of the principles of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention to what is described herein.

[0030] Therefore, a feature pointed out in this specification is used to describe one feature of one embodiment of the present invention, and does not imply that every embodiment of the present invention must have the described feature. Furthermore, it should be noted that this specification describes many features. Although certain features may be combined to illustrate possible system designs, these features may also be used in other combinations not explicitly stated. Therefore, unless otherwise stated, the described combinations are not intended to be limiting.

[0031] In the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, the directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back) used to explain the structure and movement of the various elements of this invention are relative rather than absolute. These descriptions are appropriate when these elements are in the positions shown in the drawings. If the descriptions of the positions of these elements change, these directional indications also change accordingly.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2An embodiment of this utility model provides an expansion joint structure for buildings, including two adjacent building structures 1, with an expansion joint 2 formed between the two adjacent building structures 1, and an expansion joint compensator 3, including: a fixed base 31, the fixed base 31 being fixed to one side of one building structure 1, and the fixed base 31 having a slit 311; a movable plate 32, including two opposing ends, one end being a free end inserted into the slit 311, and the other end being a fixed end fixed to one side of the other building structure 1; the movable plate 32 also having two opposing sides, one of which faces the expansion joint 2; and a sealing member 33, disposed at the connection between the fixed base 31 and the movable plate 32.

[0033] This utility model discloses an expansion joint structure for buildings. It comprises a fixed base 31 fixed to the building structure 1, a movable plate 32 with its free end inserted into the fixed base 31, and a sealing element 33 disposed between the slit 311 of the fixed base 31 and the free end of the movable plate 32, forming a dynamic sealing expansion joint compensator 3. The slit 311 of the fixed base 31 provides a precisely guided displacement track for the free end of the movable plate 32. When the building structure 1 shifts, causing the slit 311 to deform, the movable plate 32 can move smoothly and synchronously along the deformation of the slit 311, continuously maintaining a reliable sealing state. This avoids the problem of sealing failure caused by deformation of the slit 311 when subjected to tension in traditional expansion joints due to rigid connections.

[0034] Specifically, after the free end of the movable plate 32 is inserted into the slit 311, a small gap exists between the movable plate 32 and the inner wall of the slit 311. Due to the existence of this small gap, the movable plate 32 can move within a certain range with the thermal expansion and contraction of the building structure 1. When the building structure 1 undergoes expansion and contraction deformation, the width of the expansion joint 2 changes synchronously, and the movable plate 32 can move synchronously along the slit 311, with its movement distance matching the amount of width change of the expansion joint 2.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing member 33 surrounds the outer surface of the free end of the movable plate 32. Specifically, the sealing member 33 is sleeved on the outer surface of the free end of the movable plate 32 and in close contact with the slit 311; after the free end of the movable plate 32 is inserted into the slit 311, the sealing member 33 fills the gap at the connection between the fixed base 31 and the movable plate 32.

[0036] By filling the gap at the connection between the fixed base 31 and the movable plate 32 with the sealing element 33, the sealing performance at the connection between the fixed base 31 and the movable plate 32 is significantly improved. When the building structure 1 is displaced, the movable plate 32 moves smoothly and synchronously along the slit 311, and the sealing element 33 undergoes adaptive deformation synchronously, always closely fitting the outer surface of the movable plate 32 and the inner wall of the slit 311, continuously and effectively filling and sealing the dynamic gap between the movable plate 32 and the slit 311 caused by displacement.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the movable plate 32 has a Z-shaped structure, including a first horizontal segment 321, a connecting segment 322, and a second horizontal segment 323. The first horizontal segment 321 forms the free end of the movable plate 32 and is inserted into the slit 311 of the fixed base 31. The second horizontal segment 323 forms the second end of the movable plate 32 and is fixed to one side of the other building structure 1. The connecting segment 322 is used to connect the first horizontal segment 321 and the second horizontal segment 323. The first horizontal segment 321 and the second horizontal segment 323 are parallel to each other, and the connecting segment 322 is an elastic connecting segment.

[0038] By configuring a Z-shaped movable plate 32, the expansion joint compensator 3 can not only adapt to the horizontal expansion and contraction deformation of two adjacent building structures 1, but also to the vertical deformation caused by uneven settlement of the two adjacent building structures 1. Specifically, the first horizontal segment 321 of the movable plate 32 can move within the slit 311 of the fixed base 31 to adapt to the horizontal displacement of the two adjacent building structures 1 due to thermal expansion and contraction; at the same time, the slit 311 has a small gap in the vertical direction, providing a vertical displacement range for the first horizontal segment 321. The connecting segment 322 of the movable plate 32, through its own slight elastic deformation, works in conjunction with the vertical displacement range of the first horizontal segment 321 within the slit 311 to adapt to the uneven settlement deformation of the two adjacent building structures 1 in the vertical direction caused by thermal expansion and contraction. Therefore, the expansion joint compensator 3 can not only meet the displacement compensation requirements of conventional expansion joint 2 in the horizontal direction, but also effectively cope with the displacement compensation requirements caused by uneven settlement of two adjacent building structures 1 in the vertical direction, significantly improving the adaptability of the expansion joint compensator 3 to the displacement requirements of expansion joint 2 under different building structure forms.

[0039] In this embodiment, the connecting segment 322 is perpendicular to the first horizontal segment 321 and the second horizontal segment 323, and the first horizontal segment 321 and the second horizontal segment 323 are connected by the connecting segment 322 to achieve a 90° bend transition. The connecting segment 322 provides a certain support in the vertical direction, which can enhance the structural stability of the expansion joint compensator 3; when the building structure 1 undergoes expansion and contraction deformation, the movable plate 32, which is perpendicular to the first horizontal segment 321 and the second horizontal segment 323, can better withstand the forces in the horizontal and vertical directions, reducing the swaying and deformation of the movable plate 32.

[0040] In other embodiments, the connecting segment 322 forms a non-collinear, non-perpendicular angle (such as an acute or obtuse angle) with the first horizontal segment 321 and the second horizontal segment 323; or, the connecting segment 322 adopts other structures such as stepped multi-segment bends or arc transitions to connect the first horizontal segment 321 and the second horizontal segment 323, which are not further limited here.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the fixed base 31 is provided with a baffle 312 along the edge, the baffle 312 being close to the first horizontal section 321 and parallel to the connecting section 322; the second horizontal section 323 is provided with a vertical section 324, the vertical section 324 being perpendicular to the second horizontal section 323, the vertical section 324 extending away from the expansion joint 2, and the top of the vertical section 324 being higher than the upper surface of the first horizontal section 321. When a finishing layer is provided above the expansion joint compensator 3, the top of the baffle 312 and the vertical section 324 abuts against the finishing layer base layer, forming a waterproof cavity above the expansion joint 2 with the fixed base 31 and the movable plate 32, preventing rainwater from spreading to the two adjacent building structures 1 and the expansion joint 2. In addition, when laying the finishing layer, a mortar leveling layer needs to be filled in advance so that the side of the baffle 312 and the vertical section 324 facing the two adjacent building structures 1 can be flush with the adjacent base layer. During this process, the baffle 312 and the vertical section 324 form a physical barrier to prevent mortar from flowing into the mating area of ​​the first horizontal section 321 and the slit 311, as well as the vertical displacement space of the connecting section 322, ensuring the degree of freedom of displacement of the expansion joint compensator 3 when the building structure 1 undergoes horizontal expansion and vertical settlement.

[0042] Preferably, the upper surface of the fixed base 31 is provided with three baffles 312 along its edge. One baffle 312 is close to the first horizontal section 321 and parallel to the connecting section 322, while the other two baffles 312 are perpendicular to the connecting section 322. The three baffles 312 together form a three-sided enclosure structure. This three-sided enclosure structure prevents rainwater from seeping into the expansion joint 2 along the edge of the fixed base 31, thus giving the expansion joint compensator 3 a better waterproof effect.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, multiple expansion joint compensators 3 are provided along the length of the expansion joint 2. When two adjacent building structures 1 undergo thermal expansion and contraction, non-uniform deformation occurs along the length of the expansion joint 2; providing multiple expansion joint compensators 3 can accommodate the displacement requirements of the two adjacent building structures 1 along the length of the expansion joint 2.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing element 33 is made of a wear-resistant material. As a key sealing component of the expansion joint compensator 3, the sealing element 33 must withstand the reciprocating sliding friction between the movable plate 32 and the fixed base 31 for extended periods. Using a wear-resistant material for the sealing element 33 effectively prevents it from thinning, cracking, or losing elasticity due to surface wear, maintaining the sealing integrity of the sealing element 33 and thus extending its service life, thereby extending the service life of the expansion joint compensator 3. The material of the sealing element 33 can be EPDM rubber, fluororubber (FKM), or silicone rubber (VMQ), etc., and is not further limited here. Specifically, the sealing element 33 is a 5mm thick rubber strip. Using a 5mm thick rubber strip as the sealing element 33 not only fits the common expansion joint 2 groove size but also ensures that the expansion joint compensator 3 maintains stable sealing and wear resistance during long-term reciprocating motion.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, both the fixed base 31 and the second horizontal segment 323 of the movable plate 32 are fixed to the building structure 1 by fasteners 4. Fixing the fixed base 31 and the second horizontal segment 323 of the movable plate 32 to the building structure 1 by fasteners 4 ensures that when the building structure 1 undergoes expansion and contraction, the movable plate 32 can also move synchronously, effectively avoiding stress concentration or connection failure of the expansion joint compensator 3 due to asynchronous displacement. The fasteners 4 include, but are not limited to, expansion bolts, chemical bolts, and mechanical anchors.

[0046] In this embodiment, the fastener 4 is an expansion bolt. The building structure 1 is usually made of hard materials such as concrete and brick. After the expansion bolt is driven into these materials, it expands radially in the drilled hole in the building structure 1 through its end sleeve, forming a strong mechanical friction and compressive locking force with the hole wall. This not only ensures a firm connection between the fixed base 31 and the movable plate 32 and the building structure 1, but also withstands the combined tensile and shear forces generated when the building structure 1 expands and contracts. In addition, the expansion bolt installation only requires standard drilling tools, making the installation very convenient.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, a finishing layer (not shown in the figure) is also included, which covers the two adjacent building structures 1 and the expansion joint compensator 3 on the same side. The finishing layer encapsulates the building structures 1 and the expansion joint compensator 3 as a whole, forming a continuous, smooth building surface consistent with the surrounding architectural style, achieving visual unity between the building structures 1 and the expansion joint compensator 3, and improving the overall appearance quality of the building. Specifically, the finishing layer is a decorative layer, which can be tiled or clad in stone; no further limitation is made here.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the finishing layer has an opening at the expansion joint 2, and the opening is filled with elastic sealant; the width of the opening is 3-5cm. The opening filled with elastic sealant forms a waterproof sealing layer, which, together with the sealing element 33 of the expansion joint compensator 3, constitutes a double waterproof barrier, significantly improving the water-proof performance of the expansion joint structure of the present invention used in buildings; when the opening width of the finishing layer is 3-5cm, a balance can be achieved between the performance of the elastic sealant and the material cost.

[0049] Specifically, when the building structure 1 undergoes expansion and contraction deformation, an opening width of 3-5cm ensures that the elastic sealant has sufficient deformation space, allowing it to expand and contract freely within this space. This effectively disperses the stress generated by the deformation of the building structure 1, preventing stress concentration that could lead to cracking, thus ensuring good sealing performance of the elastic sealant during long-term use. Simultaneously, the 3-5cm opening width meets the sealing requirements of the finishing layer while avoiding excessive use of the elastic sealant due to an overly wide opening, which helps control material costs. Since the opening width of 3-5cm is a standard design for the construction of expansion joints 2 in buildings, those skilled in the art can select specific dimensions within this range according to actual engineering needs; further explanation is not provided here.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the fixed base 31 and the movable plate 32 are made of metal. Metal has good tensile and compressive strength, which can withstand the repeated loads generated by the expansion and contraction deformation of the building structure 1, and prevent the fixed base 31 and the movable plate 32 from breaking or plastically deforming due to long-term stress, thereby ensuring that the expansion joint compensator 3 maintains its functional integrity during long-term use.

[0051] Preferably, the fixed base 31 and the movable plate 32 are made of aluminum alloy. Aluminum alloy is lightweight, significantly reducing the structural weight and facilitating installation; simultaneously, the raw material and processing costs of aluminum alloy are low, making it economically viable; furthermore, the naturally formed oxide film on the surface of aluminum alloy effectively resists rainwater erosion and is not prone to rust, allowing the expansion joint compensator 3 of this invention to have a longer service life even in humid environments. In this embodiment, the fixed base 31 is an aluminum base, and the movable plate 32 is a stamped aluminum plate.

[0052] Although the present invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terminology used is descriptive and exemplary, and not restrictive. Since the present invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all variations and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An expansion joint structure for buildings, comprising two adjacent building structures, wherein an expansion joint is formed between the two adjacent building structures, characterized in that, An expansion joint compensator is also provided, which includes: A fixed base, the fixed base being fixed to one side of a building structure, and the fixed base having a slit; The movable panel includes two opposing ends, one of which is a free end that is inserted into the slit, and the other end is a fixed end that is fixed to one side of another building structure; the movable panel also has two opposing sides, one of which faces the expansion joint; A sealing element is disposed between the slit of the fixed base and the free end of the movable plate.

2. The expansion joint structure for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seal surrounds the outer surface of the free end of the movable plate.

3. The expansion joint structure for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable panel has a Z-shaped structure, including a first horizontal section, a connecting section, and a second horizontal section. The first horizontal section forms the free end of the movable panel and is inserted into the slit of the fixed base. The second horizontal section forms the second end of the movable panel and is fixed to one side of the other building structure. The connecting section is used to connect the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section. The first horizontal section and the second horizontal section are parallel to each other, and the connecting section is an elastic connecting section.

4. The expansion joint structure for buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper surface of the fixed base is provided with a baffle along the edge, the baffle is close to the first horizontal section and parallel to the connecting section; a vertical section is provided on the second horizontal section, the vertical section is perpendicular to the second horizontal section, the vertical section extends away from the expansion joint, and the top of the vertical section is higher than the upper surface of the first horizontal section.

5. The expansion joint structure for buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the fixed base and the second horizontal section of the movable plate are fixed to the building structure by fasteners.

6. The expansion joint structure for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a finishing layer that covers the two adjacent building structures and the same side of the expansion joint compensator.

7. The expansion joint structure for buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that, The finishing layer has an opening at the expansion joint, and the opening is filled with elastic sealant; and the width of the opening at the expansion joint is 3-5cm.

8. The expansion joint structure for buildings according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The fixed base and the movable plate are made of metal.

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