A double-speed one-way speed reducer

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of double-speed one-way speed reducer, including shell, the worm and worm wheel that are mutually meshed are equipped in shell, coaxially installed with first drive gear and third drive gear in the one end of worm far from worm wheel, the driving spline shaft parallel with worm is rotationally equipped in the one end of shell far from worm wheel, the one end of driving spline shaft far from worm wheel is connected with driving device, driving spline shaft is equipped with spline sleeve, the two ends of spline sleeve are equipped with second drive gear, fourth drive gear respectively, and spline sleeve middle part is connected with linear drive device.The utility model when using, when linear drive device telescopes can drive yoke movement, yoke can drive spline sleeve reciprocating along driving spline shaft, when fourth drive gear and third drive gear mesh, then with low speed output, when second drive gear and first drive gear mesh, then with high speed output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of speed reducer technology, specifically a dual-speed unidirectional speed reducer. Background Technology

[0002] A worm gear reducer is a device that transmits power through gear reduction and torque conversion. Its core function is to reduce the rotational speed of a motor to the required speed and output a larger torque. Specifically, the worm gear reducer converts the high-speed, low-torque motor power into a low-speed, high-torque output through the meshing of a worm and a worm wheel. The helical structure of the worm allows for a transmission ratio that can typically reach 7.5-100 times, making it suitable for applications requiring large reduction ratios and high torque. Furthermore, the worm gear reducer possesses a self-locking characteristic. When the helical surface of the worm meshes with the planar surface of the worm wheel, a friction angle is generated. When the external force is less than the frictional force, the output shaft cannot rotate on its own, achieving a self-locking function and thus enhancing transmission stability.

[0003] In practical worm gear reducers, the motor is mounted on the housing and directly connected to the worm, driving the worm gear to rotate. In this case, the transmission ratio is changed solely by the interaction of the worm gear. Increasing the transmission ratio requires changing the diameter of the worm gear, inevitably increasing the size of the worm gear reducer. Therefore, we propose a dual-speed unidirectional reducer. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a dual-speed unidirectional reducer with the advantage of switching transmission ratios, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: A dual-speed unidirectional reducer is designed, including a housing, in which a worm and a worm wheel mesh with each other. A drive spline shaft parallel to the worm is rotatably mounted at the end of the housing away from the worm wheel. The end of the drive spline shaft away from the worm wheel is placed inside a drive housing. The drive housing is fixed to the housing. A drive motor is mounted on the top of the drive housing. The shaft of the drive motor is placed inside the drive housing. Bevel gears are mounted on the end of the drive spline shaft inside the drive housing and on the shaft of the drive motor. The two bevel gears mesh perpendicularly. The drive spline shaft inside the housing is connected to the worm through a gear switching mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the worm wheel is mounted on the output shaft in the middle, and the two ends of the worm and the two ends of the output shaft are rotatably connected to the housing, and the worm wheel and worm can achieve self-locking.

[0007] Preferably, a cover is detachably provided on one side of the housing, the cover is rotatably connected to one end of the output shaft, and a support is provided at the bottom of the housing.

[0008] Preferably, the top of the drive housing is provided with a motor flange, the flange at the bottom of the drive motor is detachably connected to the motor flange, and multiple circulation ports communicating with the drive housing are provided on the housing around the drive spline shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the gear switching mechanism includes a spline sleeve fitted on the drive spline shaft. The two ends of the spline sleeve are respectively provided with a second drive gear and a fourth drive gear. The end of the worm away from the worm wheel is equipped with a first drive gear and a third drive gear. The middle part of the spline sleeve is connected to a linear drive device. The linear drive device drives the spline sleeve to reciprocate along the drive spline shaft, so that the fourth drive gear and the third drive gear mesh or the second drive gear meshes with the first drive gear, so that the drive spline shaft drives the worm to rotate with different transmission ratios.

[0010] Preferably, the linear drive device includes a shift fork disposed between the second drive gear and the fourth drive gear, the middle part of the spline sleeve is placed in the opening of the shift fork, and a telescopic drive device parallel to the spline sleeve is installed at one end of the housing near the drive housing, the telescopic shaft of the telescopic drive device extends into the housing and is connected to the bottom of the shift fork.

[0011] Preferably, the spline sleeve has an annular groove in the middle for placing the shift fork.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the shift fork is movably positioned within a limiting groove, which is located at the bottom of the housing.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the drive housing away from the worm gear is detachably provided with an end cover, and a motor flange is provided on the top of the drive housing. The flange at the bottom of the drive motor is detachably connected to the motor flange.

[0014] Preferably, the telescopic drive device has a sealing flange at one end near the housing, and the sealing flange is detachably connected to the housing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, when the linear drive device extends or retracts, it can drive the shift fork to move. The shift fork can drive the spline sleeve to reciprocate along the drive spline shaft, thereby allowing the fourth drive gear and the third drive gear to mesh or the second drive gear and the first drive gear to mesh. When the fourth drive gear and the third drive gear mesh, the output speed is low. When the second drive gear and the first drive gear mesh, the output speed is high. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of one side of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the other side of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a front view of the internal structure of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Drive motor; 3. End cover; 4. Drive housing; 5. Cover; 6. Output shaft; 7. Support; 8. Telescopic drive device; 9. Motor flange; 10. First drive gear; 11. Worm gear; 12. Second drive gear; 13. Shift fork; 14. Limiting groove; 15. Fourth drive gear; 16. Drive spline shaft; 17. Worm gear; 18. Annular groove; 19. Spline sleeve; 20. Third drive gear; 21. Sealing flange; 22. Bevel gear; 23. Circulation port. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to its embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 4 This utility model provides a technical solution: a dual-speed unidirectional reducer, including a housing 1, with a detachable cover 5 on one side of the housing 1. The cover 5 is fastened to the housing 1 by bolts. Inside the housing 1 are a meshing worm 11 and a worm wheel 17. The worm wheel 17 is mounted on an output shaft 6 at its center. Both ends of the worm 11 and the output shaft 6 are rotatably connected to the housing 1, and one end of the output shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the cover 5. When the worm 11 rotates, it drives the worm wheel 17 to rotate. To prevent the worm wheel and worm from reversing, the worm wheel 17 and worm 11 in this application are self-locking, so they can only rotate forward and not reverse. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a support 7 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1. There are multiple supports 7, and the supports 7 can be installed in a preset position by bolts.

[0024] A drive spline shaft 16 is rotatably mounted on the end of the housing 1 furthest from the worm gear 17. The drive spline shaft 16 is parallel to the worm 11, and the end of the drive spline shaft 16 furthest from the worm gear 17 is connected to the drive device. Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the drive unit includes a drive housing 4 located at the end of the drive spline shaft 16 away from the worm gear 17. The drive housing 4 is fixed to the housing 1. A drive motor 2 is located on the top of the drive housing 4. The shaft of the drive motor 2 is placed inside the drive housing 4. A motor flange 9 is located on the top of the drive housing 4. The drive motor 2 faces downwards, and its bottom flange is detachably installed together with the motor flange 9, i.e., the two are specifically fastened together by bolts. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the housing 1 on the periphery of the drive spline shaft 16 is provided with multiple circulation ports 23 that communicate with the drive housing 4. This is because, in actual use, the housing 1 contains lubricating oil, which can circulate within the drive housing 4 through the circulation ports 23.

[0025] Both the end of the drive spline shaft 16 located inside the drive housing 4 and the shaft of the drive motor 2 are equipped with bevel gears 22. The two bevel gears 22 mesh perpendicularly. In actual use, the diameter of the bevel gear 22 located at the end of the drive spline shaft 16 is larger than the diameter of the bevel gear 22 located on the shaft of the drive motor 2. When the drive motor 2 rotates, it can drive the drive spline shaft 16 to rotate through the bevel gears 22. The output torque of the drive motor 2 can be further increased by the bevel gears 22 with different sizes. like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in order to facilitate maintenance of the drive housing, an end cover 3 is detachably provided at the end of the drive housing 4 away from the worm gear 17. The edge of the end cover 3 is fastened to the end of the drive housing 4 by bolts. When the end cover 3 is opened, the inner cavity of the drive housing 4 can be exposed.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the drive spline shaft 16 located inside the housing 1 is connected to the worm gear 11 through a gear switching mechanism. The gear switching mechanism includes a spline sleeve 19 sleeved on the drive spline shaft 16. The spline sleeve 19 can slide freely along the drive spline shaft 16. The two ends of the spline sleeve 19 are respectively provided with a second drive gear 12 and a fourth drive gear 15. That is, one end of the spline sleeve 19 is coaxially provided with the second drive gear 12, and the other end of the spline sleeve 19 is coaxially provided with the fourth drive gear 15. There is a certain gap between the second drive gear 12 and the fourth drive gear 15. Corresponding to the second drive gear 12 and the fourth drive gear 15, the first drive gear 10 and the third drive gear 20 are coaxially mounted at the end of the worm 11 away from the worm wheel 17, and there is a certain gap between the two drive gears. It should be noted that the third drive gear 20 corresponds to the fourth drive gear 15, and the first drive gear 10 corresponds to the second drive gear 12. When the third drive gear 20 and the fourth drive gear 15 are engaged, the first drive gear 10 and the second drive gear 12 are disengaged. Conversely, when the first drive gear 10 and the second drive gear 12 are engaged, the third drive gear 20 and the fourth drive gear 15 are disengaged. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the diameter of the third drive gear 20 is smaller than the diameter of the first drive gear 10, and the diameter of the fourth drive gear 15 is larger than the diameter of the second drive gear 12. To enable the spline sleeve 19 to move automatically left and right, the middle part of the spline sleeve 19 is connected to a linear drive device. The linear drive device includes a shift fork 13 located between the second drive gear 12 and the fourth drive gear 15. During installation, the middle part of the spline sleeve 19 is placed in the opening of the shift fork 13. Specifically, the middle part of the spline sleeve 19 is provided with an annular groove 18 for placing the shift fork 13. The opening of the shift fork 13 is locked in the annular groove 18, which can prevent the shift fork 13 from slipping unnecessarily. Here, the shift fork 13 is used to move the spline sleeve 19 left and right. This not only has a simple structure, but also the drive spline shaft 16 only bears torque when it rotates. Therefore, when the spline sleeve 19 moves left and right along the drive spline shaft 16, no force other than torque is applied to it, so the drive spline shaft 16 can remain stable. A telescopic drive device 8, parallel to the spline sleeve 19, is installed at one end of the housing 1 near the drive housing 4. The telescopic shaft of the telescopic drive device 8 extends into the housing 1 and is connected to the bottom of the shift fork 13. The bottom of the shift fork is fastened to the telescopic shaft with a nut threaded onto the end of the telescopic shaft. The telescopic drive device 8 is an electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, and a sealing flange 21 is provided at one end of the telescopic drive device 8 near the housing 1. The sealing flange 21 is detachably connected to the housing 1 and is fastened to the housing 1 with bolts. This facilitates the installation of the telescopic drive device 8 and also facilitates sealing between the telescopic drive device 8 and the housing 1. When the linear drive device extends or retracts, it drives the shift fork 13 to move. Therefore, the linear drive device can drive the spline sleeve 19 to reciprocate along the drive spline shaft 16, thereby causing the fourth drive gear 15 and the third drive gear 20 to mesh, or the second drive gear 12 and the first drive gear 10 to mesh, so that the drive spline shaft 16 drives the worm gear 11 to rotate with different transmission ratios. In actual use, the stroke of the telescopic drive device 8 is related to the distance the spline sleeve 19 moves left and right. That is, when the telescopic drive device 8 reaches its maximum stroke, the second drive gear 12 and the first drive gear 10 are in the best meshing state, and the fourth drive gear 15 and the third drive gear 20 are not in contact. When the telescopic drive device 8 is in its shortest stroke, the second drive gear 12 and the first drive gear 10 are not in contact, and the fourth drive gear 15 and the third drive gear 20 are in the best meshing state.

[0027] Based on the above embodiments, in order to make the left and right movement of the shift fork more stable, the bottom of the shift fork 13 is moved into the limiting groove 14. The limiting groove 14 is set at the bottom of the housing 1, so that the bottom of the limiting groove 14 limits the shift fork 13.

[0028] Based on the above embodiments, it should be further explained that, due to the worm gear transmission and gear switching mechanism installed inside the housing 1, the length of the reducer proposed in this application is significantly increased compared to a traditional worm gear reducer. If the drive motor 2 is directly connected to the drive spline shaft 16, the overall length of the housing 1 will inevitably increase further. Therefore, by placing the drive motor 2 at the top of the drive housing 4, not only can the lateral length of the housing 1 be reduced, but the output torque of the drive motor can also be increased through the bevel gear 22, which can further improve the reducer's ability to drive loads.

[0029] Based on the above embodiments, it should be further explained that, due to the self-locking property of the worm gear, the drive gears can be switched smoothly, or the switch between drive gears can be performed after the reducer is stopped, without being hindered by the reverse rotation of the worm gear.

[0030] Based on the above embodiments, it should be further explained that the bottom of the housing 1 is provided with an oil drain port, and the top of the cover is provided with an oil filler port and a heat dissipation port. The oil drain port and the oil filler port are sealed with bolts, while the heat dissipation port can be blocked with bolts and opened when needed.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A dual-speed unidirectional reducer, comprising a housing (1), wherein a worm gear (11) and a worm wheel (17) meshing with each other are provided inside the housing (1), characterized in that, The end of the housing (1) away from the worm wheel (17) is provided with a drive spline shaft (16) parallel to the worm (11). The end of the drive spline shaft (16) away from the worm wheel (17) is placed inside the drive housing (4). The drive housing (4) is fixed to the housing (1). A drive motor (2) is provided on the top of the drive housing (4). The shaft of the drive motor (2) is placed inside the drive housing (4). Bevel gears (22) are installed on both the end of the drive spline shaft (16) inside the drive housing (4) and on the shaft of the drive motor (2). The two bevel gears (22) mesh perpendicularly. The drive spline shaft (16) located inside the housing (1) is connected to the worm gear (11) through a gear switching mechanism.

2. The dual-speed unidirectional reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The worm wheel (17) is mounted on the output shaft (6) in the middle. The two ends of the worm (11) and the two ends of the output shaft (6) are rotatably connected to the housing (1), and the worm wheel (17) and the worm (11) can achieve self-locking.

3. The dual-speed unidirectional reducer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The housing (1) has a detachable cover (5) on one side, which is rotatably connected to one end of the output shaft (6). The bottom of the housing (1) has a support (7).

4. The dual-speed unidirectional reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the drive housing (4) is provided with a motor flange (9), the flange at the bottom of the drive motor (2) is detachably connected to the motor flange (9), and multiple circulation ports (23) communicating with the drive housing (4) are provided on the housing (1) around the drive spline shaft (16).

5. The dual-speed unidirectional reducer as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The gear switching mechanism includes a spline sleeve (19) fitted on the drive spline shaft (16), and a second drive gear (12) and a fourth drive gear (15) are respectively provided at both ends of the spline sleeve (19). The worm (11) is equipped with a first drive gear (10) and a third drive gear (20) at the end away from the worm wheel (17). The middle part of the spline sleeve (19) is connected to the linear drive device. The linear drive device drives the spline sleeve (19) to reciprocate along the drive spline shaft (16), thereby allowing the fourth drive gear (15) and the third drive gear (20) to mesh or the second drive gear (12) to mesh with the first drive gear (10), so that the drive spline shaft (16) drives the worm (11) to rotate with different transmission ratios.

6. The dual-speed unidirectional reducer as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The linear drive device includes a shift fork (13) disposed between the second drive gear (12) and the fourth drive gear (15), with the middle part of the spline sleeve (19) placed inside the opening of the shift fork (13); A telescopic drive device (8) parallel to the spline sleeve (19) is installed at one end of the housing (1) near the drive housing (4). The telescopic shaft of the telescopic drive device (8) extends into the housing (1) and is connected to the bottom of the shift fork (13).

7. The dual-speed unidirectional reducer as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The spline sleeve (19) has an annular groove (18) in the middle for placing the shift fork (13).

8. The dual-speed unidirectional reducer as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom of the shift fork (13) is movable within the limiting groove (14), which is located at the bottom of the housing (1).

9. The dual-speed unidirectional reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive housing (4) is detachably provided with an end cap (3) at the end away from the worm gear (17). A motor flange (9) is provided on the top of the drive housing (4). The flange at the bottom of the drive motor (2) is detachably connected to the motor flange (9).

10. The dual-speed unidirectional reducer as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The telescopic drive device (8) has a sealing flange (21) at one end near the housing (1), and the sealing flange (21) is detachably connected to the housing (1).

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