Valve device, shock absorber, suspension system and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a valve device, a shock absorber, a suspension system and a vehicle. The valve device comprises a first port and a second port; a state switching assembly, the state switching assembly having a first flow passage and a second flow passage, the state switching assembly having a first working state and a second working state, when the state switching assembly is in the first working state, the first port is communicated with the second port through the first flow passage, when the state switching assembly is in the second working state, the first port is communicated with the second port through the second flow passage; and an adjusting assembly, at least part of the adjusting assembly being arranged between the second flow passage and the second port, the area of the flow passage cross section of at least part of the position of the adjusting assembly being adjustably arranged. The valve device of the application solves the technical problem that the valve device in the related art has poor flexibility in flow control of fluid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of valve structure design technology, and in particular to a valve device, shock absorber, suspension system and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Valves are widely used in a wide variety of equipment. They facilitate the control of fluid flow in various pipelines, thereby achieving various functions. During use, the effectiveness of valves in controlling flow directly affects the functionality of the equipment. However, valve devices in current technologies typically only offer functions such as on / off control and gradual increase or decrease in flow rate, resulting in limited control flexibility.

[0003] It is evident that valve devices in related technologies suffer from poor control flexibility when controlling fluid flow, and no effective solution has yet been proposed to address this issue.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background art described herein. Therefore, the background art may contain information that would not be considered part of the prior art by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a valve device, shock absorber, suspension system, and vehicle to solve the technical problem of poor flexibility in flow control of fluids in valve devices in related technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, this application provides a valve device, comprising: a first port and a second port; a state switching component having a first flow port and a second flow port, the state switching component having a first operating state and a second operating state, wherein when the state switching component is in the first operating state, the first port is connected to the second port through the first flow port, and when the state switching component is in the second operating state, the first port is connected to the second port through the second flow port; and an adjusting component, at least a portion of the adjusting component being disposed between the second flow port and the second port, wherein the area of ​​the flow cross section at at least a portion of the adjusting component is adjustable.

[0007] Optionally, the adjusting component is configured to be drivenly connected to the state switching component, and during the process of adjusting the flow cross-sectional area, the adjusting component can drive the state switching component to switch the working state.

[0008] Optionally, the adjustment component 2 is driven by an electric component. When the input current or voltage is different, the area of ​​the flow cross section is different. When the input current or voltage is 0, the state switching component 1 is in the first working state. When the input current or voltage is not 0, the adjustment component 2 drives the state switching component 1 to switch to the second working state.

[0009] Optionally, under the same input pressure, the flow rate of the valve device is Q1 when the state switching component 1 is in the first working state, the maximum flow rate of the valve device is Q2 when the state switching component 1 is in the second working state, and the minimum flow rate of the valve device is Q3 when the state switching component 1 is in the second working state, wherein Q3 < Q1 < Q2.

[0010] Optionally, the state switching component includes: a first housing, a first flow port and a second flow port both disposed on the first housing, both the first flow port and the second flow port being connected to a second port, and a third flow port also disposed on the first housing, the third flow port being connected to the first port; a movable component, the movable component being movably disposed relative to the first housing, the movable component having a first position and a second position; when the movable component is in the first position, the movable component separates the second flow port and the third flow port, and the first flow port and the third flow port are connected; when the movable component is in the second position, the movable component separates the first flow port and the third flow port, and the second flow port and the third flow port are connected.

[0011] Optionally, the movable component is movably disposed within the first housing along a preset direction; the movable component is provided with a fourth flow port that extends through it along the preset direction, and a second flow port and a third flow port are correspondingly disposed at opposite ends of the movable component along the preset direction, and a first flow port is disposed on the side wall of the first housing; wherein, when the movable component is in the first position, the movable component contacts the edge of the second flow port to block the second flow port; when the movable component is in the second position, the side wall of the movable component blocks the first flow port.

[0012] Optionally, the movable component is provided with a first sealing part protruding in a preset direction on the side near the second flow port. When the movable component is in the first position, the first sealing part blocks the second flow port; and / or, the edge of the movable component is provided with a second sealing part, which is a flange structure extending in a preset direction. When the movable component is in the second position, the second sealing part blocks the first flow port.

[0013] Optionally, the regulating component includes a valve seat and a valve plug, the valve plug being movably disposed relative to the valve seat. When the valve plug moves relative to the valve seat, the gap size between the valve plug and the valve seat changes to adjust the area of ​​the flow cross section; wherein, the valve plug is drivenly connected to a moving part so that the valve plug can drive the moving part to move.

[0014] Optionally, the valve plug is movably disposed relative to the valve seat in a preset direction, the movable component is movably disposed relative to the first housing in a preset direction, and the valve plug is configured to drive the movable component to move in the preset direction.

[0015] Optionally, the valve plug has an extension at one end near the movable component, the extension abutting against the movable component to push the movable component to move in a preset direction; or, the valve plug has a first elastic component at one end near the movable component, the first elastic component being elastically compressible in a preset direction, the first elastic component abutting against the movable component to push the movable component to move in a preset direction.

[0016] Optionally, the valve plug is configured to push the movable component to move in a preset direction; the movable component is provided with a fourth flow port that extends through it in the preset direction, and a second flow port and a third flow port are correspondingly provided at opposite ends of the movable component along the preset direction; when the movable component is in the first position, the movable component contacts the edge of the second flow port to block the second flow port.

[0017] Optionally, the state switching component includes a second elastic component, which is located on the side of the movable component away from the valve plug. The second elastic component can drive the movable component to move to the first position under elastic action.

[0018] Optionally, the adjusting component includes a valve stem that cooperates with a valve plug to drive the valve plug to move in a preset direction; wherein, when the movable part is in the first position, there is a gap between the valve plug and the valve stem along the preset direction; and / or, when the movable part is in the first position, there is a gap between the valve plug and the movable part along the preset direction.

[0019] Optionally, the regulating assembly includes a second housing, a valve plug movably disposed in the second housing, and a valve seat fixedly disposed in the second housing.

[0020] Optionally, the adjusting assembly includes a third elastic component and a locking component. The locking component fixes the third elastic component to the second housing. The third elastic component cooperates with the valve seat to press and fix the valve seat to the second housing through the elastic action of the third elastic component; or, the valve seat and the second housing are an integral structure.

[0021] Optionally, the regulating component drives the valve plug to move in a preset direction via electromagnetic force.

[0022] Optionally, the regulating assembly includes: a second housing, at least a portion of which is made of a magnetically conductive material; a valve core, which is movably disposed within the second housing in a preset direction; a coil assembly, which is disposed within the second housing and surrounds the valve core; an iron core cover, which is made of a magnetically conductive material and is located between the valve core and the coil assembly, covering the end of the valve core away from the valve plug; and a magnetic shielding ring, which is located between the valve core and the coil assembly, surrounding the valve core, and located on the side of the iron core cover closer to the valve plug.

[0023] Optionally, the regulating assembly includes a valve stem extending in a preset direction, with a valve core and a valve plug both cooperating with the valve stem; the regulating assembly also includes at least one of the following: a guide member cooperating with the valve stem to guide the movement of the valve stem in the preset direction; and an elastic reset structure cooperating with the valve core or valve stem, which, when power to the coil assembly is stopped, drives the valve core and valve stem back to a preset initial position under the action of elastic force.

[0024] Optionally, the valve device includes an overflow component configured to open the first port and the second port when the fluid pressure difference at the first port and the second port reaches a preset value.

[0025] Optionally, the overflow assembly includes: a third housing with an overflow port; a blocking member and a sixth elastic member, wherein the sixth elastic member drives the blocking member to block the overflow port under the action of elastic force; wherein, under the action of the pressure difference between the first port and the second port, the blocking member can overcome the elastic movement of the sixth elastic member and avoid the overflow port so that the overflow port connects the first port and the second port.

[0026] Optionally, the third housing is provided with a fifth flow port, and the blocking member is provided with a sixth flow port, and the fluid at the first port can flow to the state switching component in sequence through the sixth flow port and the fifth flow port; and / or, the overflow component includes a sealing ring, which seals the gap between the blocking member and the third housing when the blocking member blocks the overflow port; wherein, along the direction toward the center of the sealing ring, at least a portion of the sealing ring is inclined away from the sixth elastic member.

[0027] According to a second aspect of this application, a shock absorber is also provided, which includes a hydraulic cylinder and the aforementioned valve device. The hydraulic cylinder includes two hydraulic chambers, and the first port and the second port of the valve device are connected to the two hydraulic chambers in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0028] According to a third aspect of this application, a suspension system is also provided, which includes the shock absorber described above.

[0029] According to a fourth aspect of this application, a vehicle is also provided, the vehicle including the aforementioned suspension system.

[0030] The valve device according to this application embodiment includes: a first port and a second port; a state switching component having a first flow port and a second flow port, the state switching component having a first working state and a second working state, wherein when the state switching component is in the first working state, the first port is connected to the second port through the first flow port, and when the state switching component is in the second working state, the first port is connected to the second port through the second flow port; and an adjusting component, at least a portion of which is disposed between the second flow port and the second port, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the at least portion of the adjusting component being adjustable. When using this valve device, the working state can be switched via the state switching component, thereby controlling the flow of fluid at the first port to the second port through either the first or second flow port. Specifically, when the first working state is selected, the fluid at the first port can flow to the second port through the first flow port, and when the second working state is selected, the fluid at the first port can flow to the second port through the second flow port. Furthermore, an adjusting component is provided between the second flow port and the second port, which can control the fluid flow rate by adjusting the flow cross-sectional area. In this way, when controlling the flow rate of fluid passing through the valve device, the flow rate can be adjusted more smoothly by adjusting the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the regulating component, and a larger flow rate jump can be achieved by changing the working state of the component by switching the state. This makes the flow control of the valve device more flexible and solves the technical problem of poor flow control flexibility of valve devices in related technologies.

[0031] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the valve device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the valve device in use in the first state according to an embodiment of this application (the direction of fluid flow is indicated by red arrows in the figure);

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the valve device according to an embodiment of this application in use in the second state (the direction of fluid flow is indicated by red arrows in the figure);

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the valve device according to an embodiment of this application in use in the third state (the direction of fluid flow is indicated by a red arrow in the figure);

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the valve device according to an embodiment of this application in use in the fourth state (the direction of fluid flow is indicated by a red arrow in the figure);

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating assembly of the valve device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state switching component of the valve device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overflow assembly of the valve device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0043] 10. First port; 20. Second port;

[0044] 1. State switching component; 101. First flow port; 102. Second flow port; 103. Third flow port; 104. Fourth flow port; 11. First housing; 12. Moving part; 121. First sealing part; 122. Second sealing part; 13. Second elastic part;

[0045] 2. Adjustment assembly; 21. Valve seat; 22. Valve plug; 221. Extension; 23. Valve stem; 24. Second housing; 241. First section; 242. Second section; 25. Valve core; 261. Third elastic component; 262. Locking component; 26. Coil assembly; 27. Iron core cover; 28. Magnetic shielding ring; 291. Guide component; 292. Fourth elastic component; 293. Fifth elastic component;

[0046] 3. Overflow assembly; 301. Overflow port; 302. Fifth flow port; 303. Sixth flow port; 31. Third housing; 311. Third section; 312. Fourth section; 32. Blocking element; 33. Sixth elastic element; 34. Sealing ring; 35. Gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0048] The structure of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] See Figures 1 to 8 As shown, according to an embodiment of this application, a valve device is provided, comprising: a first port 10 and a second port 20; a state switching component 1 having a first flow port 101 and a second flow port 102, the state switching component 1 having a first working state and a second working state, wherein when the state switching component 1 is in the first working state, the first port 10 is connected to the second port 20 through the first flow port 101, and when the state switching component 1 is in the second working state, the first port 10 is connected to the second port 20 through the second flow port 102; and an adjusting component 2, at least a portion of the adjusting component 2 being disposed between the second flow port 102 and the second port 20, wherein the area of ​​the flow cross section at at least a portion of the adjusting component 2 is adjustable.

[0050] The valve device with this structural design can switch its operating state via the state switching component 1 during use, thereby controlling the flow of fluid from the first port 10 to the second port 20 through either the first flow port 101 or the second flow port 102. Specifically, when the first operating state is selected, the fluid at the first port 10 flows to the second port 20 through the first flow port 101; when the second operating state is selected, the fluid at the first port 10 flows to the second port 20 through the second flow port 102. Furthermore, an adjustment component 2 is provided between the second flow port 102 and the second port 20, which can control the fluid flow rate by adjusting the flow cross-sectional area. Thus, when controlling the fluid flow rate through the valve device, the flow rate can be smoothly adjusted by adjusting the flow cross-sectional area through the adjustment component 2, or a larger flow rate jump can be achieved by changing the fluid flow path through the state switching component 1. This makes the flow control of the valve device more flexible and solves the technical problem of poor flow control flexibility in related technologies.

[0051] The aforementioned flow cross section is the section perpendicular to the fluid flow direction. The area of ​​the flow cross section is adjustable, so the amount of fluid that can flow at that position will change accordingly, which manifests as a change in the flow rate of the fluid through the valve device.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the regulating component 2 is configured to be drively connected to the state switching component 1. During the process of regulating the flow cross-sectional area, the regulating component 2 can drive the state switching component 1 to switch its operating state. This switching of operating state means that during the process of regulating the flow area, the regulating component 2 can drive the state switching component 1 to move, thereby switching it from a first operating state to a second operating state, or vice versa. This achieves linkage between the regulating component 2 and the state switching component 1. The triggering position of the state switching component 1 can be selected according to the actual situation. Thus, during the process of regulating the flow rate through the regulating component 2, the state switching component 1 can be triggered at a specific position to change its operating state, thereby switching the fluid flow path and achieving abrupt flow rate control. Depending on the triggering position of the state switching component 1, various flow control characteristics can be achieved. For example, during the process of controlling the flow rate to gradually increase or decrease, triggering the state switching component 1 changes the fluid flow path, achieving a jump in flow rate. For example, when the state switching component 1 is initially in the first working state, the valve device has a medium flow rate. By adjusting the aforementioned regulating component 2, its opening gradually decreases (the flow cross-sectional area gradually decreases). During the adjustment process, the state switching component 1 is triggered, switching it to the second working state, where the flow rate jumps from medium to a larger flow rate. As the regulating component 2 continues to be adjusted, its opening continues to decrease, and the fluid flow rate gradually decreases again, thus allowing for flexible control of the valve device's flow characteristics. In practical implementation, it can be used in many real-world applications according to flow control requirements. In a preferred embodiment, when the regulating component 2 of the valve device is closed, the state switching component 1 is in the first working state; when the regulating component 2 of the valve device is open, the state switching component 1 is in the second working state. Here, when the regulating component 2 is closed, the aforementioned flow cross-sectional area is 0. When the regulating component 2 is open, the aforementioned flow cross-sectional area is not 0.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the regulating component 2 is driven by an electric component. When the input current or voltage differs, the area of ​​the flow cross-section varies. When the input current or voltage is 0, the state switching component 1 is in a first operating state; when the input current or voltage is not 0, the regulating component 2 drives the state switching component 1 to switch to a second operating state. That is, when the regulating component 2 of the valve device is closed, the state switching component 1 is in the first operating state; when the regulating component 2 of the valve device is open, the state switching component 1 is in the second operating state. When the input current or voltage is 0, the state switching component 1 will be in the first operating state, thus serving as the basic operating state. In this way, when the equipment to which the valve device belongs malfunctions or experiences a power outage, the valve device can still operate in the above states, maintaining a suitable opening degree. Specifically, the electric component can be any electric structure, as long as it can drive the regulating component 2 to adjust to different opening degrees according to different input currents or voltages, resulting in different areas of the flow cross-section.

[0054] Under the same input pressure, the flow rate of the valve device is Q1 when the state switching component 1 is in the first working state, the maximum flow rate of the valve device is Q2 when the state switching component 1 is in the second working state, and the minimum flow rate of the valve device is Q3 when the state switching component 1 is in the second working state, where Q3 < Q1 < Q2. Valves designed with this flow characteristic can achieve more flexible flow control in actual use. For example, when the valve device is applied to a shock absorber, it can adjust the damping of the shock absorber; the larger the flow rate, the smaller the damping of the shock absorber, and vice versa. In this embodiment, when the input current or voltage of the valve device's regulating component 2 is 0, the state switching component 1 is in the first working state, at which time the shock absorber has a moderate damping. When the input current or voltage of the valve device's regulating component 2 is not 0, the damping of the shock absorber can be adjusted from very small damping to very large damping, or from very large damping to very small damping, depending on the change in the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the regulating component 2. For example, when the current is 0A, the regulating component 2 of the valve device is closed, and the state switching component 1 is in the first working state. When a smaller or larger current is input, the state switching component 1 is in the second working state. However, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the regulating component 2 is different, so the damping of the valve device will also be different, enabling the valve device to achieve the function of medium damping at 0 current, small damping at a certain small current, and large damping at a large current. This damping characteristic is particularly suitable for vibration reduction in commercial buses and large coaches because commercial vehicles have a larger body mass than passenger cars, and therefore require a larger damping force under normal conditions. At the same time, in certain special driving conditions, the shock absorber needs to be in a softer or stiffer state, which can be adjusted by opening the regulating component 2. The shock absorber with this structural design can still retain a large damping force when the vehicle encounters extremely harsh road conditions and all electronic components of the vehicle fail, thus achieving a strong vibration reduction effect. At the same time, this design can also avoid frequent adjustment of the valve device, which accelerates wear and effectively extends the overall service life of the valve device.

[0055] In this embodiment, to achieve the function of controlling the switching of fluid flow paths, the state switching component 1 includes: a first housing 11, a first flow port 101 and a second flow port 102 both disposed on the first housing 11, the first flow port 101 and the second flow port 102 both communicating with the second port 20, and a third flow port 103 also disposed on the first housing 11, the third flow port 103 communicating with the first port 10; a movable component 12, the movable component 12 being movably disposed relative to the first housing 11, the movable component 12 having a first position and a second position; when the movable component 12 is in the first position, the movable component 12 separates the second flow port 102 and the third flow port 103, and the first flow port 101 and the third flow port 103 are connected; when the movable component 12 is in the second position, the movable component 12 separates the first flow port 101 and the third flow port 103, and the second flow port 102 and the third flow port 103 are connected. In this way, by controlling the movable part 12 to selectively block the first flow port 101 or the second flow port 102, the fluid at the first port 10 can be controlled to flow to the second port 20 through the other flow port, thereby conveniently realizing the switching of the fluid flow path.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the movable component 12 is movably disposed within the first housing 11 along a preset direction; the movable component 12 is provided with a fourth flow port 104 extending through it along the preset direction; along the preset direction, a second flow port 102 and a third flow port 103 are correspondingly disposed at opposite ends of the movable component 12; and a first flow port 101 is disposed on the side wall of the first housing 11; wherein, when the movable component 12 is in the first position, the movable component 12 contacts the edge of the second flow port 102 to block the second flow port 102; when the movable component 12 is in the second position, the side wall of the movable component 12 blocks the first flow port 101. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when the movable part 12 is in the first position, the upper end of the movable part 12 contacts the edge of the second flow port 102, thereby blocking the second flow port 102. At this time, the fluid at the first port 10 flows to the second port 20 through the first flow port 101 on the side wall of the first housing 11. For example... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the movable part 12 is in the second position, the side wall of the movable part 12 blocks the first flow port 101. At this time, the fluid at the first port 10 flows to the second port 20 through the second flow port 102 at the upper end of the first housing 11.

[0057] In order to better block the first flow port 101 and the second flow port 102, the movable part 12 is provided with a first blocking part 121 protruding in a preset direction on the side near the second flow port 102. When the movable part 12 is in the first position, the first blocking part 121 blocks the second flow port 102; and / or, the edge of the movable part 12 is provided with a second blocking part 122, which is a flange structure extending in a preset direction. When the movable part 12 is in the second position, the second blocking part 122 blocks the first flow port 101.

[0058] In this embodiment, the regulating component 2 includes a valve seat 21 and a valve plug 22. The valve plug 22 is movably disposed relative to the valve seat 21. When the valve plug 22 moves relative to the valve seat 21, the gap between the valve plug 22 and the valve seat 21 changes to adjust the area of ​​the flow cross section. The valve plug 22 is kinetically connected to the movable component 12, allowing the valve plug 22 to drive the movable component 12 to move. The valve plug 22 is movably disposed relative to the valve seat 21 in a preset direction, and the movable component 12 is movably disposed relative to the first housing 11 in a preset direction. The valve plug 22 is configured to drive the movable component 12 to move in the preset direction. Thus, when the valve plug 22 moves in the preset direction, it will drive the movable component 12 to move in the preset direction as well, achieving linkage between the two. In actual use, the trigger position of the state switching component 1 can be selected according to the actual situation. Therefore, during the process of adjusting the flow rate through the regulating component 2, the state switching component 1 can be triggered at a specific position to change its working state, thereby achieving the switching of the fluid flow path and realizing the control of sudden changes in flow rate, effectively improving the flexibility of the valve device in flow control.

[0059] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the valve plug 22 has an extension 221 at one end near the movable component 12. The extension 221 abuts against the movable component 12 so as to push the movable component 12 to move in a preset direction through the extension 221.

[0060] However, there is a certain risk in using the extension 221 to move the movable part 12. Because of the rigid fit between the extension 221 and the movable part 12, it may affect the sealing of the first flow port 101 or the second flow port 102 by the movable part 12. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, at this time, the movable part 12 blocks the second flow port 102. If the extension part 221 is positioned too low due to processing or control errors, it will push the movable part 12 downwards, thereby opening the second flow port 102 and causing an abnormal fluid flow path. In another optional embodiment, to solve this problem, the valve plug 22 is provided with a first elastic member at one end near the movable part 12. The first elastic member is elastically compressible in a preset direction and abuts against the movable part 12 to push the movable part 12 to move in the preset direction. By providing the first elastic member, the movable part 12 is pushed to move in the preset direction. Since the first elastic member has a certain compressible space, it has a certain function of eliminating fitting errors, which can prevent the extension part 221 from affecting the sealing effect of the movable part 12 on the first flow port 101 or the second flow port 102.

[0061] As an optional embodiment, the valve plug 22 is configured to push the movable component 12 to move in a preset direction. The movable component 12 has a fourth flow port 104 extending through it in the preset direction. Along the preset direction, a second flow port 102 and a third flow port 103 are correspondingly disposed at opposite ends of the movable component 12. When the movable component 12 is in the first position, it contacts the edge of the second flow port 102 to block it. The state switching assembly 1 includes a second elastic component 13, which is disposed on the side of the movable component 12 away from the valve plug 22. The second elastic component 13 can drive the movable component 12 to the first position under elastic action. By pushing the movable component 12 to move in the preset direction through the valve plug 22, the movable component 12 can be separated from the second flow port 102, allowing fluid to flow through the fourth flow port 104 and the second flow port 102 to the second port 20. When the valve plug 22 moves upward, the second elastic component 13 can push the movable component 12 to block the second flow port 102, so that the fluid flows through the first flow port 101 to the second port 20.

[0062] In this embodiment, the adjusting component 2 includes a valve stem 23, which cooperates with a valve plug 22 to drive the valve plug 22 to move in a preset direction. When the movable component 12 is in the first position, there is a gap between the valve plug 22 and the valve stem 23 along the preset direction; and / or, when the movable component 12 is in the first position, there is a gap between the valve plug 22 and the movable component 12 along the preset direction. By designing a gap between the valve plug 22 and the valve stem 23, and / or between the valve plug 22 and the movable component 12, the excessive length of the valve plug 22 can be avoided, thus preventing the movable component 12 from affecting the sealing of the second flow port 102, ensuring the sealing effect when the movable component 12 seals the second flow port 102.

[0063] Specifically, the regulating assembly 2 includes a second housing 24, a valve plug 22 movably disposed in the second housing 24, and a valve seat 21 fixedly disposed in the second housing 24. In actual implementation, there are various ways to fix the valve seat 21 on the second housing 24, which can be flexibly selected according to the actual situation, as long as the relative fixation of the two can be achieved.

[0064] For example, in one optional embodiment, the regulating component 2 includes a third elastic member 261 and a locking member 262. The locking member 262 fixes the third elastic member 261 to the second housing 24. The third elastic member 261 cooperates with the valve seat 21 to press and fix the valve seat 21 to the second housing 24 through the elastic action of the third elastic member 261. This facilitates the disassembly of the valve seat 21, thereby facilitating the machining of the mating surfaces of the valve plug 22 and the valve seat 21, and making it easier to control the flow characteristics of the valve device. In another optional embodiment, without considering the machining difficulty of the mating surfaces of the valve seat 21 and the valve plug 22, the valve seat 21 can be designed as an integral structure with the second housing 24, thereby improving structural reliability.

[0065] In one optional embodiment, the regulating component 2 drives the valve plug 22 to move in a preset direction via electromagnetic force. Of course, in other embodiments, the movement of the valve plug 22 can also be controlled by other means, such as by motor drive, hydraulic drive, pneumatic drive, manual operation, etc.

[0066] In this embodiment, the adjustment component 2 includes: a second housing 24, at least a portion of which is made of a magnetically conductive material; a valve core 25, movably disposed within the second housing 24 along a preset direction; a coil assembly 26, disposed within the second housing 24 and surrounding the valve core 25; an iron core cover 27, also made of a magnetically conductive material, located between the valve core 25 and the coil assembly 26, covering the end of the valve core 25 away from the valve plug 22; and a magnetic shielding ring 28, located between the valve core 25 and the coil assembly 26, surrounding the valve core 25, and situated on the side of the iron core cover 27 closest to the valve plug 22. By designing at least a portion of the second housing 24 as a structure made of a magnetically conductive material, combined with the magnetically conductive iron core cover 27 and the magnetic shielding ring 28, the magnetic field passing through the valve core 25 can be more effectively controlled, thereby providing a more efficient electromagnetic driving force. Specifically, the second housing 24 includes a first portion 241 and a second portion 242, which are detachably connected to facilitate the assembly of the adjustment component 2.

[0067] In this embodiment, the regulating assembly 2 includes a valve stem 23 extending along a preset direction, with a valve core 25 and a valve plug 22 both cooperating with the valve stem 23. The regulating assembly 2 also includes at least one of the following: a guide component 291 cooperating with the valve stem 23 to guide the movement of the valve stem 23 along the preset direction; and an elastic reset structure cooperating with the valve core 25 or the valve stem 23, which, when power to the coil assembly 26 is stopped, drives the valve core 25 and the valve stem 23 back to a preset initial position under the action of elastic force. Specifically, the guide component 291 is a guide sleeve fitted onto the valve stem 23. To improve the reliability of the guidance, there can be multiple guide components 291 arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the valve stem 23. In this embodiment, the elastic reset structure includes a fourth elastic component 292 and a fifth elastic component 293. Along a preset direction, the fourth elastic component 292 and the fifth elastic component 293 are correspondingly disposed at opposite ends of the valve core 25. The fourth elastic component 292 and the fifth elastic component 293 apply elastic forces in opposite directions to the valve core 25, so that when the coil assembly 26 stops supplying power, the valve core 25 can be effectively driven to reset by the fourth elastic component 292 and the fifth elastic component 293, regardless of the position of the valve core 25.

[0068] In some preferred embodiments, the valve device includes an overflow component 3, which is configured to connect the first port 10 and the second port 20 when the fluid pressure difference between the first port 10 and the second port 20 reaches a preset value. By designing the overflow component 3, overflow can be performed through the overflow component 3 when the pressure difference is too large, preventing damage to the valve device.

[0069] As a specific embodiment, the overflow assembly 3 includes: a third housing 31, on which an overflow port 301 is provided; a blocking member 32 and a sixth elastic member 33, wherein the sixth elastic member 33 drives the blocking member 32 to block the overflow port 301 under the action of elastic force; wherein, under the action of the pressure difference between the first port 10 and the second port 20, the blocking member 32 can overcome the elastic movement of the sixth elastic member 33 and avoid the overflow port 301, so that the overflow port 301 connects the first port 10 and the second port 20. The third housing 31 is provided with a fifth flow port 302, and the blocking member 32 is provided with a sixth flow port 303. Fluid at the first port 10 can flow to the state switching component 1 through the sixth flow port 303 and the fifth flow port 302 in sequence; and / or, the overflow component 3 includes a sealing ring 34. When the blocking member 32 blocks the overflow port 301, the sealing ring 34 seals the gap between the blocking member 32 and the third housing 31; wherein, along the direction toward the center of the sealing ring 34, at least a portion of the sealing ring 34 is inclined away from the sixth elastic member 33. That is to say, in this embodiment, the surface of the sealing ring 34 is not flat, but has a structure similar to a conical surface (not shown in the figure), which can improve its sealing effect on the gap between the blocking member 32 and the third housing 31 and reduce the risk of leakage. In a specific embodiment, the third housing 31 includes a third portion 311 and a fourth portion 312, which are detachably connected to facilitate the assembly of the overflow component 3. The overflow assembly 3 also includes a washer 35, which is disposed between the sixth elastic component 33 and the sealing ring 34, thereby making the compressive force from the sixth elastic component 33 on the sealing ring 34 more uniform. Specifically, the specific structural form of each of the above-mentioned elastic components can be flexibly selected according to the actual situation, such as springs, tension springs, elastic bands, elastic pads, etc., as long as the required elastic support / driving function can be achieved. When different elastic components are selected, their arrangement can be adjusted accordingly to ensure that they can perform their elastic function normally.

[0070] In this embodiment, the valve device also includes a housing. The first housing 11, the second housing 24 and the third housing 31 are all disposed inside the housing. The second housing 24, the first housing 11 and the third housing 31 are arranged sequentially along a preset direction. The gap between the housing and the second housing 24, the first housing 11 and the third housing 31 forms a fluid flow channel.

[0071] Figures 2 to 5 The internal fluid flow states of the valve device according to an embodiment of this application are shown when it is operating under different conditions. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the valve device in use in the first state according to an embodiment of this application (the direction of fluid flow is indicated by red arrows in the figure); Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the valve device according to an embodiment of this application in use in the second state (the direction of fluid flow is indicated by red arrows in the figure); Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the valve device according to an embodiment of this application in use in the third state (the direction of fluid flow is indicated by a red arrow in the figure); Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the valve device according to an embodiment of this application in use in the fourth state (the direction of fluid flow is indicated by a red arrow in the figure).

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, at this time, the state switching component 1 is in the first working state, the second flow port 102 is blocked, the first port 10 is connected to the second port 20 through the first flow port 101, and the fluid at the first port 10 flows to the second port 20 through the first flow port 101.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 2 Based on the current state, the pressure of the fluid at the first port 10 is increased. Under the action of the pressure difference, the blocking member 32 of the overflow component 3 moves upward, exposing the overflow port 301. The overflow port 301 connects the first port 10 and the second port 20. At this time, a part of the fluid at the first port 10 can flow to the second port 20 through the overflow port 301.

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, at this time, the state switching component 1 is in the second working state, the first flow port 101 is blocked, the first port 10 is connected to the second port 20 through the second flow port 102, and the fluid at the first port 10 flows to the second port 20 through the second flow port 102.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, in Figure 4 Based on the current state, the pressure of the fluid at the first port 10 is increased. Under the action of the pressure difference, the blocking member 32 of the overflow component 3 moves upward, exposing the overflow port 301. The overflow port 301 connects the first port 10 and the second port 20. At this time, a part of the fluid at the first port 10 can flow to the second port 20 through the overflow port 301.

[0076] When the valve device is in use, the internal fluid flows along different paths and satisfies the following: Where Q is the flow rate of the valve device, Cd is the preset flow coefficient, A is the area of ​​the flow cross section, ΔP is the pressure difference, and ρ is the density of the fluid.

[0077] In addition, embodiments of this application also provide a shock absorber, which includes a hydraulic cylinder and the aforementioned valve device. The hydraulic cylinder includes two hydraulic chambers, and the first port 10 and the second port 20 of the valve device are connected to the two hydraulic chambers in a one-to-one correspondence. When the aforementioned valve device is applied to the shock absorber, the damping adjustment of the shock absorber can be made more flexible. Specifically, when the state switching component 1 is in the first working state, hydraulic oil can flow through the first port 10 and the first flow port 101 to the second port 20. At this time, the damping of the shock absorber is a specific value corresponding to the specific design size of the first flow port 101. When the state switching component 1 is in the second working state, hydraulic oil can flow through the first port 10 and the second flow port 102 to the second port 20. By changing the area of ​​the flow cross section of the adjusting component 2, the damping of the shock absorber can also be adjusted. In other words, when using this shock absorber, the damping can be adjusted relatively smoothly by adjusting the flow cross-sectional area through the adjusting component 2, and the working state of the switching component 1 can be changed to change the flow path of the hydraulic oil to achieve a larger change in damping, thus improving the flexibility of the shock absorber damping control.

[0078] Specifically, this valve device can be applied to the shock absorbers of semi-active and fully active suspensions. When the vehicle body and wheels move relative to each other, the piston inside the shock absorber moves up and down, and the oil in the shock absorber chamber repeatedly flows from one chamber to another through different orifices (the two hydraulic chambers mentioned above). During this process, the oil flows through this valve device, converting the mechanical energy of the vibration into the heat energy (internal energy) of the oil and gas, which is then dissipated into the atmosphere. The smaller the internal flow cross-sectional area of ​​the valve device, the more difficult it is for the oil to flow out through the valve device, resulting in a greater pressure drop loss. Consequently, the pressure of the valve device increases, and the damping force acting on the shock absorber (i.e., the output) increases, resulting in a stiffer vehicle body and better handling. Conversely, the larger the internal flow cross-sectional area of ​​the valve device, the easier it is for the oil to pass through the valve device, resulting in a smaller pressure difference (pressure) and a smaller damping force in the shock absorber. This results in a softer vehicle body and better comfort.

[0079] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also provide a suspension system, which includes the shock absorber described above.

[0080] Finally, embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle that includes the suspension system described above.

[0081] Based on the above embodiments, it can be seen that the valve device of this application embodiment has at least the following technical effects:

[0082] The valve device according to this application embodiment includes: a first port 10 and a second port 20; a state switching component 1, which has a first flow port 101 and a second flow port 102, and has a first working state and a second working state. When the state switching component 1 is in the first working state, the first port 10 is connected to the second port 20 through the first flow port 101, and when the state switching component 1 is in the second working state, the first port 10 is connected to the second port 20 through the second flow port 102; and an adjusting component 2, at least a portion of which is disposed between the second flow port 102 and the second port 20, wherein the area of ​​the flow cross section at at least a portion of the adjusting component 2 is adjustable. When using this valve device, the working state can be switched by the state switching component 1, thereby controlling the fluid at the first port 10 to flow to the second port 20 through the first flow port 101 or the second flow port 102. Specifically, when the first operating state is selected, the fluid at the first port 10 can flow to the second port 20 through the first flow port 101. When the second operating state is selected, the fluid at the first port 10 can flow to the second port 20 through the second flow port 102. Furthermore, an adjusting component 2 is provided between the second flow port 102 and the second port 20, which can control the fluid flow rate by adjusting the flow cross-sectional area. Thus, when controlling the fluid flow rate through the valve device, the flow rate can be smoothly adjusted by adjusting the flow cross-sectional area through the adjusting component 2, and a larger flow rate jump can be achieved by changing the operating state of the switching component 1 to alter the fluid flow path. This makes the flow control of the valve device more flexible and solves the technical problem of poor flow control flexibility in valve devices in related technologies.

[0083] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0084] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0085] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0086] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A valve device, characterized in that, include: First port (10) and second port (20); A state switching component (1) has a first flow port (101) and a second flow port (102). The state switching component (1) has a first working state and a second working state. When the state switching component (1) is in the first working state, the first port (10) is connected to the second port (20) through the first flow port (101). When the state switching component (1) is in the second working state, the first port (10) is connected to the second port (20) through the second flow port (102). An adjustment component (2) is provided, at least a portion of which is disposed between the second flow port (102) and the second port (20), and the area of ​​the flow cross section at at least a portion of the adjustment component (2) is adjustable.

2. The valve device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment component (2) is configured to be connected to the state switching component (1) in a driving manner. During the process of the adjustment component (2) adjusting the flow cross-sectional area, the adjustment component (2) can drive the state switching component (1) to switch working states.

3. The valve device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment component (2) is driven by an electric component. When the input current or voltage is different, the area of ​​the flow cross section is different. When the input current or voltage is 0, the state switching component (1) is in the first working state. When the input current or voltage is not 0, the adjustment component (2) drives the state switching component (1) to switch to the second working state.

4. The valve device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Under the same input pressure, when the state switching component (1) is in the first working state, the flow rate of the valve device is Q1; when the state switching component (1) is in the second working state, the maximum flow rate of the valve device is Q2; and when the state switching component (1) is in the second working state, the minimum flow rate of the valve device is Q3, wherein Q3 < Q1 < Q2.

5. The valve device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The state switching component (1) includes: A first housing (11) is provided with a first flow port (101) and a second flow port (102), both of which are connected to the second port (20). A third flow port (103) is also provided on the first housing (11), and the third flow port (103) is connected to the first port (10). A movable component (12) is movably disposed relative to the first housing (11). The movable component (12) has a first position and a second position. When the movable component (12) is in the first position, the movable component (12) separates the second flow port (102) from the third flow port (103), and the first flow port (101) and the third flow port (103) are connected. When the movable component (12) is in the second position, the movable component (12) separates the first flow port (101) from the third flow port (103), and the second flow port (102) and the third flow port (103) are connected.

6. The valve device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The movable component (12) is movably disposed within the first housing (11) along a preset direction; the movable component (12) is provided with a fourth flow port (104) that extends through it along the preset direction; along the preset direction, the second flow port (102) and the third flow port (103) are correspondingly disposed at opposite ends of the movable component (12); and the first flow port (101) is disposed on the side wall of the first housing (11). When the movable part (12) is in the first position, the movable part (12) contacts the edge of the second flow port (102) to block the second flow port (102); when the movable part (12) is in the second position, the side wall of the movable part (12) blocks the first flow port (101).

7. The valve device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The movable component (12) has a first sealing part (121) protruding along the preset direction on the side near the second flow port (102). When the movable component (12) is in the first position, the first sealing part (121) blocks the second flow port (102); and / or, The edge of the movable component (12) is provided with a second sealing part (122). The second sealing part (122) is a flange structure that extends along the preset direction. When the movable component (12) is in the second position, the second sealing part (122) blocks the first flow port (101).

8. The valve device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The regulating component (2) includes a valve seat (21) and a valve plug (22). The valve plug (22) is movably disposed relative to the valve seat (21). When the valve plug (22) moves relative to the valve seat (21), the gap size between the valve plug (22) and the valve seat (21) changes to adjust the area of ​​the flow cross section. The valve plug (22) is connected to the movable component (12) in a transmission connection so that the valve plug (22) can drive the movable component (12) to move.

9. The valve device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The valve plug (22) is movably disposed relative to the valve seat (21) in a preset direction, the movable component (12) is movably disposed relative to the first housing (11) in the preset direction, and the valve plug (22) is configured to drive the movable component (12) to move in the preset direction.

10. The valve device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The valve plug (22) has an extension (221) at one end near the movable component (12), the extension (221) abutting against the movable component (12) to push the movable component (12) to move along the preset direction; or, The valve plug (22) is provided with a first elastic member at one end near the movable member (12). The first elastic member can be elastically compressed along the preset direction. The first elastic member abuts against the movable member (12) so as to push the movable member (12) to move along the preset direction through the first elastic member.

11. The valve device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The valve plug (22) is configured to push the movable component (12) to move along the preset direction; the movable component (12) is provided with a fourth flow port (104) that extends through it along the preset direction, and the second flow port (102) and the third flow port (103) are correspondingly provided at opposite ends of the movable component (12) along the preset direction; when the movable component (12) is in the first position, the movable component (12) contacts the edge of the second flow port (102) to block the second flow port (102).

12. The valve device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The state switching component (1) includes a second elastic component (13), which is disposed on the side of the movable component (12) away from the valve plug (22). The second elastic component (13) can drive the movable component (12) to move to the first position under elastic action.

13. The valve device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The regulating component (2) includes a valve stem (23), which cooperates with the valve plug (22) to drive the valve plug (22) to move along the preset direction. Wherein, when the movable part (12) is in the first position, there is a gap between the valve plug (22) and the valve stem (23) along the preset direction; and / or, when the movable part (12) is in the first position, there is a gap between the valve plug (22) and the movable part (12) along the preset direction.

14. The valve device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The regulating assembly (2) includes a second housing (24), the valve plug (22) is movably disposed in the second housing (24), and the valve seat (21) is fixedly disposed in the second housing (24).

15. The valve device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The adjusting assembly (2) includes a third elastic component (261) and a locking component (262). The locking component (262) fixes the third elastic component (261) to the second housing (24). The third elastic component (261) cooperates with the valve seat (21) to press and fix the valve seat (21) to the second housing (24) through the elastic action of the third elastic component (261); or, The valve seat (21) and the second housing (24) are an integral structure.

16. The valve device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The regulating component (2) drives the valve plug (22) to move along the preset direction by electromagnetic force.

17. The valve device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The adjustment component (2) includes: The second housing (24) is at least partially made of a magnetically conductive material; A valve core (25) is movably disposed within the second housing (24) along the preset direction; A coil assembly (26) is disposed within the second housing (24) and surrounding the valve core (25); A core cover (27) is made of magnetically conductive material and is located between the valve core (25) and the coil assembly (26). The core cover (27) covers the end of the valve core (25) away from the valve plug (22). A magnetic shielding ring (28) is located between the valve core (25) and the coil assembly (26). The magnetic shielding ring (28) is arranged around the valve core (25) and is located on the side of the iron core cover (27) near the valve plug (22).

18. The valve device according to claim 17, characterized in that, The regulating assembly (2) includes a valve stem (23) extending along the preset direction, and the valve core (25) and the valve plug (22) both cooperating with the valve stem (23); the regulating assembly (2) also includes at least one of the following: A guide component (291) cooperates with the valve stem (23) to guide the movement of the valve stem (23) along the preset direction. The elastic reset structure cooperates with the valve core (25) or the valve stem (23). When power supply to the coil assembly (26) is stopped, the elastic reset structure drives the valve core (25) and the valve stem (23) to move back to the preset initial position under the action of elastic force.

19. The valve device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, The valve device includes: An overflow component (3) is configured to connect the first port (10) and the second port (20) when the fluid pressure difference between the first port (10) and the second port (20) reaches a preset value.

20. The valve device according to claim 19, characterized in that, The overflow component (3) includes: The third housing (31) is provided with an overflow port (301); A blocking member (32) and a sixth elastic member (33), wherein the sixth elastic member (33) drives the blocking member (32) to block the overflow port (301) under the action of elastic force; Under the action of the pressure difference between the first port (10) and the second port (20), the blocking member (32) can overcome the elastic movement of the sixth elastic member (33) and avoid the overflow port (301) so that the overflow port (301) connects the first port (10) and the second port (20).

21. The valve device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The third housing (31) is provided with a fifth flow port (302), and the blocking member (32) is provided with a sixth flow port (303). The fluid at the first port (10) can flow to the state switching component (1) in sequence through the sixth flow port (303) and the fifth flow port (302); and / or, The overflow assembly (3) includes a sealing ring (34) that seals the gap between the blocking member (32) and the third housing (31) when the blocking member (32) blocks the overflow port (301); wherein at least a portion of the sealing ring (34) is inclined away from the sixth elastic member (33) along the direction toward the center of the sealing ring (34).

22. A shock absorber, characterized in that, The shock absorber includes a hydraulic cylinder and a valve device according to any one of claims 1 to 21. The hydraulic cylinder includes two hydraulic chambers, and the first port (10) and the second port (20) of the valve device are connected to the two hydraulic chambers in a one-to-one correspondence.

23. A suspension system, characterized in that, The suspension system includes the shock absorber as described in claim 22.

24. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the suspension system of claim 23.

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