Open type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system

Abstract

The utility model relates to air conditioning system technical field especially relates to a kind of open type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system, including the air conditioning terminal group by multiple air conditioning terminal parallelly connected, the cold storage pool that realizes cold storage by water storage, and the air conditioning host computer capable of refrigeration.The air conditioning host computer, air conditioning terminal group and cold storage pool are connected by cooling liquid pipeline system, the cooling liquid pipeline system is configured to be able to switch the following operating mode: a) only air conditioning host computer to air conditioning terminal group cooling supply.b) only air conditioning host computer to cold storage pool cold storage.c) only cold storage pool to air conditioning terminal group cooling supply.d) air conditioning host computer and cold storage pool simultaneously to air conditioning terminal group cooling supply.e) air conditioning host computer to air conditioning terminal group cooling supply while to cold storage pool cold storage.The scheme has the advantages of eliminating heat loss of heat exchange link, simplifying pipeline structure, reducing equipment investment and operating energy consumption, realizing resource reuse and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air conditioning system technology, and in particular to an open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional central air conditioning water-based cold storage systems typically employ a closed-loop design, where the air conditioning circulating water and the cold storage / release circulating water are isolated via an intermediate heat exchanger (such as a plate heat exchanger) to prevent cross-contamination or pressure differences. However, this type of closed-loop system has significant drawbacks: the introduction of an intermediate heat exchanger reduces system energy efficiency. Due to heat loss during the heat exchange process, the refrigeration unit needs to provide coolant at a lower temperature to meet the cold storage requirements. The associated isolation pumps and heat exchange equipment increase system complexity and investment costs, while the continuous operation of additional pumps also adds to energy consumption. Furthermore, closed-loop cold storage tanks require independent construction and are expensive, making them difficult to integrate with existing fire-fighting water tanks in the factory, further increasing overall costs.

[0003] While existing technologies have attempted to mitigate energy losses by optimizing heat exchanger structure or improving pump efficiency to address the aforementioned issues, they have failed to fundamentally resolve the inherent limitations of closed-loop systems. The limitations of closed-loop systems become increasingly apparent, especially in industrial scenarios where both economic efficiency and energy conservation are crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide an open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system, which has advantages such as eliminating heat loss in the heat exchange process, simplifying pipeline structure, reducing equipment investment and operating energy consumption, and realizing resource reuse.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This application provides an open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system, the technical solution of which is as follows: It includes an air conditioning terminal group composed of multiple air conditioning terminals connected in parallel, a cold storage tank for storing cold energy through water storage, and an air conditioning unit capable of refrigeration. The air conditioning unit, the air conditioning terminal group, and the cold storage tank are connected through a coolant piping system, which is configured to switch between the following operating modes: a) Only the air conditioning unit supplies cooling to the air conditioning terminal units. b) Only the air conditioning unit stores cooling in the cold storage tank. c) Only the cold storage tank supplies cooling to the air conditioning terminal units. d) Both the air conditioning unit and the cold storage tank supply cooling to the air conditioning terminal units. e) The air conditioning unit supplies cooling to the air conditioning terminal units while simultaneously storing cooling in the cold storage tank.

[0006] The air conditioning terminal units enable parallel cooling from multiple terminals; the cold storage tank adopts an open structure for direct cold storage; the air conditioning unit serves as the core cold source; and the reconfigurable coolant piping system enables five operating modes. These features work synergistically: the direct connection between the open cold storage tank and the main unit eliminates heat loss from the heat exchanger; the multi-mode switching function, controlled by piping valves, allows for flexible combinations of cold storage and cooling, meeting dynamic load demands while avoiding the additional energy consumption of isolation pumps; and the simplified system reduces equipment investment and maintenance costs. This solution directly integrates air conditioning and cold storage cycles through an open, integrated design, replacing the intermediate heat exchange links of traditional closed systems with a switchable piping structure, fundamentally solving the problems of energy efficiency loss and system complexity, while also being compatible with fire water tank modifications to further save construction costs.

[0007] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the coolant piping system includes: The first coolant line and the second coolant line connect the air conditioning unit and the air conditioning terminal unit to form a loop. The first coolant line is equipped with an electric proportional valve V1, an electric valve V3 and a refrigerant pump in sequence, and the second coolant line is equipped with an electric valve V6.

[0008] The third coolant line is connected in parallel to the first coolant line. One end of the line is connected between the electric valve V3 and the electric proportional valve V1, and the other end is connected between the refrigeration pump and the air conditioning terminal unit. The third coolant line is equipped with an electric proportional valve V5.

[0009] The fourth and fifth coolant lines connect the cold storage tank and the air conditioning unit in parallel. One end of the fourth coolant line is connected to the first coolant line between the electric valve V3 and the electric proportional valve V1, and an electric proportional valve V2 is installed on it. One end of the fifth coolant line is connected to the second coolant line between the electric valve V6 and the air conditioning unit, and an electric proportional valve V4 and a cold storage pump are installed on it in sequence.

[0010] The sixth coolant line is connected at one end to the fifth coolant line between the electric proportional valve V4 and the cold storage pump, and at the other end to the second coolant line between the electric valve V6 and the air conditioning terminal group.

[0011] This technical solution solves the problem of inflexible mode switching in traditional systems by using a multi-pipeline parallel design and a combination of electric valves. The introduction of electric proportional valves enables stepless flow regulation, avoiding system shocks caused by traditional on / off valves; the independent setting of the cold storage pump and the chilled water pump ensures parallel control of the cold storage and cooling processes; and the setting of a sixth coolant pipeline allows the cold storage tank to directly supply cooling to the end, reducing energy transfer links.

[0012] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the first coolant pipeline and the second coolant pipeline are both provided with raised pipelines near the air conditioning unit and near the air conditioning terminal group, and an exhaust valve is installed on the raised pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the cold storage tank is a sunken cold storage tank, located below ground level.

[0014] Furthermore, this application also proposes a sunken machine room, in which the electric proportional valves V1, V2, V3, and V4, the chilled water pump, and the cold storage pump are all installed. The electric proportional valve V2 opens when the chilled water pump is running, allowing water from the cold storage tank to fill the chilled water pump and piping, preventing cavitation.

[0015] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the cold storage tank is a modified structure that serves as a factory fire-fighting water tank.

[0016] Furthermore, a drainage pump and a connecting pipe are installed in the low-lying area of ​​the sunken machine room; the end of the connecting pipe extends out of the sunken machine room.

[0017] Furthermore, the aforementioned open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system can be used for heat storage and heating.

[0018] As can be seen from the above, the open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system and its piping configuration method provided in this application directly connect the air conditioning unit, air conditioning terminal group and cold storage tank to the same open piping system and configure multiple operating modes, eliminating the heat loss of heat exchangers in traditional closed systems, simplifying the piping structure, reducing equipment investment and operating energy consumption, and realizing the resource reuse of the factory fire water tank, which has significant economic and energy-saving advantages. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of an open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system provided for this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a control table for water pumps and solenoid valves under five operating modes of an open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0024] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment relates to an open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system, including an air conditioning terminal group 1 composed of multiple air conditioning terminals connected in parallel, a cold storage tank 2 that stores cold energy through a cooling liquid, and an air conditioning unit 3 capable of cooling. This system supports various cooling liquids (such as cooling water, ethylene glycol solution, or nanofluids), and the capacity of the cold storage tank and pump parameters can be adjusted according to the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the liquid to optimize system energy efficiency. The cold storage tank can adopt a non-pressure sealed design to ensure the stability of the cooling liquid.

[0027] The air conditioning unit 3, air conditioning terminal group 1, and cold storage tank 2 are connected via a coolant piping system. This system is configured to switch between the following operating modes: Air conditioning unit 3 supplies cooling to air conditioning terminal group 1 only; Air conditioning unit 3 stores cold in cold storage tank 2 only; Cold storage tank 2 supplies cooling to air conditioning terminal group 1 only; Air conditioning unit 3 and cold storage tank 2 supply cooling to air conditioning terminal group 1 simultaneously; Air conditioning unit 3 supplies cooling to air conditioning terminal group 1 while simultaneously storing cold in cold storage tank 2. Air conditioning terminal group 1 can be composed of common terminal devices such as fan coil units and modular air conditioning units connected in parallel; the specific number is determined based on actual load requirements. Cold storage tank 2 is preferably a concrete structure; its volume is determined by calculating the cooling load and cold storage duration. A baffle plate can be installed inside the tank to optimize water flow distribution. Air conditioning unit 3 can be a centrifugal or screw chiller, and its cooling capacity must be matched to both system load and cold storage capacity requirements based on peak and off-peak electricity scenarios. The coolant piping system achieves mode switching through a combination of electric valves and proportional valves, with the proportional valve preferably employing PID control to precisely regulate the flow rate.

[0028] This technical solution directly integrates the air conditioning cycle and the cold storage cycle through an open-loop integrated design. The cold storage tank 2, as an open container, is directly connected to the piping system, thus eliminating the need for an intermediate heat exchanger required in traditional closed systems. Specifically, in cold storage mode, the coolant produced by the air conditioning unit 3 can directly flow into the cold storage tank 2 for storage. In cold release mode, the coolant in the cold storage tank 2 is directly transported to the air conditioning terminal group 1 through piping. Through the coordinated control of electric valves, the system can flexibly switch between five operating modes, such as storing cold during off-peak electricity periods and prioritizing cold release during peak electricity periods. Compared with existing technologies, this design avoids heat loss in the heat exchange process, ensuring the main unit always operates under optimal conditions, while simplifying the piping structure and reducing the energy consumption and maintenance costs of auxiliary equipment such as isolation pumps.

[0029] exist Figure 1In the specific scheme shown, the coolant piping system includes a first coolant piping L1 and a second coolant piping L2, connecting the air conditioning unit 3 and the air conditioning terminal group 1 to form a loop. An electric proportional valve V1, an electric valve V3, and a refrigerant pump 4 are sequentially installed on the first coolant piping L1. An electric valve V6 is installed on the second coolant piping L2. A third coolant piping L3 is connected in parallel to the first coolant piping L1, with one end connected between the electric valve V3 and the electric proportional valve V1, and the other end connected between the refrigerant pump 4 and the air conditioning terminal group 1. An electric proportional valve V5 is installed on the third coolant piping L3. A fourth coolant piping L4 and a fifth coolant piping L5 connect the cold storage tank 2 to the air conditioning unit 3. One end of the fourth coolant piping L4 is connected to the first coolant piping L1 between the electric valve V3 and the electric proportional valve V1, and an electric proportional valve V2 is installed on it. One end of the fifth coolant line L5 is connected to the second coolant line L2 between the electric valve V6 and the air conditioning unit 3, and an electric proportional valve V4 and a cold storage pump 5 are installed on it in sequence. One end of the sixth coolant line L6 is connected to the fifth coolant line L5 between the electric proportional valve V4 and the cold storage pump 5, and the other end is connected to the second coolant line L2 between the electric valve V6 and the air conditioning terminal group 1.

[0030] In this scheme, the main circulating water flow rate is regulated by an electric proportional valve V1 or a frequency converter for the water pump, with the electric proportional valve V1 enabling stepless flow rate regulation. An electric proportional valve V5 is used to bypass the water pump 4 when the main unit is simultaneously storing and supplying cooling; adjusting the opening of valve V5 changes the flow rate supplied by the main unit to terminal group 1. An electric proportional valve V2 controls the storage or release flow rate of the cold storage tank 2. Adjusting the opening of valve V2 changes the amount of coolant flowing from the air conditioning main unit 3 to the cold storage tank 2, or from the cold storage tank 2 to the terminal group 1. An electric proportional valve V4 and a cold storage pump 5 control the charging or simultaneous storage and supply process of the cold storage tank 2; the electric proportional valve V4 regulates the storage flow rate, and the cold storage pump 5 provides power. The sixth coolant pipeline L6 forms a direct cooling path between the cold storage tank 2 and the air conditioning terminal group 1, enabling direct cooling supply from the cold storage tank 2 to the terminals. As a preferred embodiment, the electric proportional valve can be an electric regulating butterfly valve or an electric regulating ball valve to achieve precise flow control. The cooling pump 4 and the cold storage pump 5 can be controlled by frequency converters to adapt to flow requirements under different operating conditions.

[0031] Therefore, this technical solution, through a multi-pipeline parallel design and a combination of electric valves, achieves flexible switching and control of the coolant piping system between the air conditioning unit 3, the air conditioning terminal group 1, and the cold storage tank 2. The first coolant piping L1 and the second coolant piping L2 form the main circulation loop, with the main circulation water flow rate regulated and distributed via an electric proportional valve V1 or a frequency converter for the water pump. The fourth coolant piping L4 controls the cold release flow rate of the cold storage tank 2 via an electric proportional valve V2. The fifth coolant piping L5 controls the cold charging of the cold storage tank 2 via an electric proportional valve V4, the cold storage pump 5, an electric proportional valve V1, and an electric proportional valve V2. The sixth coolant piping L6 forms a direct cooling path between the cold storage tank 2 and the terminal group. The coordinated operation of these piping systems and valves allows the system to quickly switch between different operating modes, while simultaneously achieving precise flow regulation through proportional valves. Compared with existing technologies, this solution avoids system shocks caused by traditional valve switching, reduces energy transfer links, and improves system operating efficiency.

[0032] Furthermore, elevated pipelines 6 are installed in the first coolant pipeline L1 and the second coolant pipeline L2, specifically in sections 3 near the air conditioning unit and section 1 near the air conditioning terminal group. Exhaust valves 10 are installed on these elevated pipelines 6. Specifically, the elevated pipeline 6 refers to a U-shaped or inverted V-shaped pipe section extending vertically above the horizontal pipe section, with a height difference sufficient to meet the static pressure requirements for gas to rise. The exhaust valve can be an automatic or manual exhaust valve; a float-type structure is preferred for automatic exhaust valves, which automatically trigger the exhaust action when the gas accumulation reaches a set capacity. During implementation, the tilt angle of the elevated pipeline 6 is controlled within the range of 30-60 degrees to ensure that the gas can rise smoothly along the pipe wall. The exhaust valve must be installed precisely at the apex of the elevated pipeline 6 to fully collect the accumulated gas. The pipeline material can be galvanized steel or stainless steel, maintaining the same specifications as the main pipeline to avoid sudden changes in local resistance. This technical solution solves the gas accumulation problem through the principle of gravity separation. During system operation, trace amounts of gas carried by the coolant will naturally rise to the top of the raised pipeline 6 due to density differences and be discharged through the exhaust valve. Another function of the raised pipeline 6 is that when the water pump stops operating for a long time and there is a leak at the electric valve or pipeline connection, water will still remain in the terminal equipment and main equipment, which can prevent oxygen from entering and improve the unit's corrosion resistance.

[0033] Furthermore, the cold storage tank 2 is a sunken cold storage tank, located below ground level.

[0034] Specific implementations of the sunken cold storage tank 2 include, but are not limited to: an underground tank structure constructed with reinforced concrete, with an operable maintenance cover on top. The sidewalls and bottom of the tank must be waterproofed, for example, using polymer waterproof membrane or sprayed polyurea waterproof coating. In areas with high groundwater levels, drainage pump wells can be added to control the groundwater level. Flow guide baffles can be installed inside the tank to optimize water flow distribution. The depth of the cold storage tank 2 is adjusted according to the cooling capacity requirements and geological conditions. As a preferred implementation, the cold storage tank 2 can be constructed simultaneously with the building foundation, utilizing the foundation pit support structure as temporary support.

[0035] The sunken cold storage tank 2 directly reduces the space occupied by the cold storage facilities by burying them underground, avoiding conflicts with the layout of above-ground buildings or equipment. This design utilizes underground space to achieve cold energy storage while maintaining the freedom of use of the above-ground area. Compared with above-ground cold storage tanks, the sunken structure can reduce cold energy loss during the cold storage process by leveraging the thermal insulation properties of the soil. The environmental characteristic that the soil temperature is lower than the air temperature in summer can further reduce cold energy loss by approximately [percentage missing]. By setting the cold storage tank 2 underground, the system's cold storage capacity requirements are met while achieving spatial compatibility with the existing factory site. Specifically, this design is particularly suitable for industrial scenarios that require consideration of both production area planning and energy facility layout, avoiding the problem of above-ground cold storage tanks occupying logistics channels or equipment installation areas.

[0036] Furthermore, this application also proposes a design for a sunken machine room 7, in which electric proportional valves V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, and V6, chilled water pump 4, and cold storage pump 5 are all installed within the sunken machine room 7. Electric proportional valve V2 opens during chilled water pump operation to fill the chilled water pump and piping with water from the cold storage tank 2, preventing cavitation. Thus, this technical solution effectively solves the cavitation problem during chilled water pump operation through centralized installation in the sunken machine room 7 and an active water replenishment mechanism. Furthermore, a drainage pump 8 and a connected drain pipe 9 are installed at the low-lying area of ​​the sunken machine room 7; the end of the drain pipe 9 extends out of the sunken machine room 7 to promptly drain accumulated water. Furthermore, in this solution, if the air conditioning unit 3, air conditioning terminals, and piping are not filled with water during operating breaks or non-air conditioning seasons, oxygen will corrode the copper pipes and inner walls of the heat exchanger. The strategy adopted in this patent is as follows: 1) Before the water pump stops, the corresponding electric valves are closed in an orderly manner, and then the water pump stops running, so that the circulating water circuit is full of water. 2) An air vent is installed on the raised pipeline 6. After the water pump stops, if some electric valves are not closed tightly or there is air leakage in the pipeline components, the air vent is used to release the gas, so that the end and the main unit are full of water, which plays a role in preventing corrosion.

[0037] Furthermore, the cold storage tank 2 is a modified structure that serves as both a fire-fighting water tank and a cold storage tank in the factory. Specifically, the modification of the fire-fighting water tank and the cold storage tank 2 can be achieved in the following ways: First, while retaining the original structure of the fire-fighting water tank, inlet and outlet water outlets and supporting pipelines connected to the air conditioning system are added to ensure the storage and release of cold energy. Second, the waterproof layer of the fire-fighting water tank is reinforced to adapt to temperature fluctuations under cold storage conditions. Third, a temperature stratification device (such as a baffle plate) is added inside the fire-fighting water tank to improve the cold storage efficiency. As a preferred implementation method, the capacity of the fire-fighting water tank must simultaneously meet the fire-fighting reserve requirements and the calculated cold storage capacity, which is determined based on the air conditioning load curve. This technical solution avoids the civil engineering costs and land occupation of independently constructing the cold storage tank 2 by reusing the factory's existing fire-fighting water tank as a cold storage facility. The fire-fighting water tank and the cold storage tank 2 are compatible in terms of structural requirements, such as both needing waterproof performance and large capacity. The modified facility can maintain the fire-fighting reserve function and can also achieve cold energy storage and release through pipeline switching. Compared to existing technologies, this design directly eliminates the high investment required for constructing a new cold storage tank 2, while simplifying the system layout. Since fire-fighting water tanks are typically built according to specifications, their structural reliability can be directly transferred to cold storage conditions, further reducing the risk of retrofitting. This integrated design is particularly suitable for cost-sensitive industrial scenarios, significantly reducing initial investment while ensuring system functionality.

[0038] Based on the above structure, the operation of the electric valves and water pumps, and the coolant flow paths under the six operating modes of this high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system are as follows, in conjunction with the attached... Figure 1 and 2 .

[0039] Mode 1: Cooling only by the main unit Opening components: V1, V2, V3, V6, refrigeration pump Shutdown components: V4, V5, cold storage pump Coolant flow path: 1. Air conditioning unit → First coolant line → V1 → V3 → Refrigeration pump → Air conditioning terminal unit (cooling supply); 2. Air conditioning terminal unit → Second coolant line → V6 → Air conditioning unit (return water).

[0040] Mode 2: Host nighttime cooling Opening components: V1, V2, V4, cold storage pump Shutdown components: V3, V5, V6, refrigeration pump Coolant flow path: 1. Air conditioning unit → First coolant line → V1 → V2 → Cold storage tank (cold storage); 2. Cold storage tank → Fifth coolant line → V4 → Cold storage pump → Second coolant line → Air conditioning unit (return water).

[0041] Mode 3: Cooling only from the cold storage tank Opening components: V2, V3, V4, refrigeration pump Shutdown components: V1, V5, V6, cold storage pump Coolant flow path: 1. Cold storage tank → Fourth coolant pipeline → V2 → V3 → Refrigeration pump → Air conditioning terminal unit (cooling supply); 2. Air conditioning terminal unit → Second coolant line → V6 closed → Sixth coolant line → V4 open → Cold storage tank.

[0042] Mode 4: Simultaneous cooling by the main unit and the cold storage tank Opening components: V1, V2, V3, V4, V6, refrigeration pump Shutdown components: V5, cold storage pump Coolant flow path: 1. Air conditioning unit → First coolant line → V1 → V3 → Refrigeration pump → Air conditioning terminal unit (cooling supplied by the unit). 2. Cold storage tank → Fourth coolant pipeline → V2 → V3 → Refrigeration pump → Air conditioning terminal unit (cold storage tank provides cooling); 3. Air conditioning terminal unit → Second coolant line → V6 → Air conditioning unit (main unit return water); &Second coolant line →Sixth coolant line →V4 →Cold storage tank (cold storage tank return water).

[0043] Mode 5: The main unit simultaneously supplies cooling and stores cold. Opening components: V1, V2, V4, V5, cold storage pump Shutdown components: V3, V6, refrigeration pump Coolant flow path: 1. Air conditioning unit → First coolant line → V1 → V5 → Third coolant line → First coolant line → Air conditioning terminal unit (cooling); 2. Air conditioning terminal unit → Second coolant line → V6 shut off → Sixth coolant line → Fifth coolant line → Cold storage pump → Air conditioning unit (unit return water); 3. Simultaneously, the air conditioning unit → first coolant line → V1 → V2 → fourth coolant line → cold storage tank (direct cold storage); 4. Cold storage tank → Fifth coolant pipeline → V4 → Cold storage pump → Air conditioning unit (unit return water).

[0044] Mode 6: Natural Cooling Mode (for evaporative cooling units only) Applicable scenarios: When the ambient temperature is low (such as in winter or transitional seasons) and indoor cooling is still required, the natural cooling function of the evaporative cooling unit is used to reduce the temperature of the coolant by exchanging heat between the low ambient temperature air and the coolant. There is no need to start the compressor, which significantly reduces energy consumption. - The running path is basically the same as in mode one: Coolant flow path: 1. Air conditioning unit → First coolant line → V1 → V3 → Refrigeration pump → Air conditioning terminal unit (cooling supply); 2. Air conditioning terminal unit → Second coolant line → V6 → Air conditioning unit (return water).

[0045] Final result: By adding a natural cooling mode, the system achieves "zero-compressor cooling" in low-temperature environments, further reducing operating costs and making it suitable for high-cooling-demand scenarios such as data centers and constant-temperature factories.

[0046] The high overall energy efficiency of the aforementioned high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system is reflected in the following three aspects: 1) The main unit usually adopts a high-efficiency central air conditioning unit (such as an evaporative cooling coolant unit), and its COP value is greater than 5.0 under standard operating conditions.

[0047] In summer, the central air conditioning unit operates at night to store cold air, resulting in lower ambient temperatures and higher energy efficiency. Furthermore, the unit operates at full load during cold storage, significantly improving energy efficiency compared to the variable load operation of conventional air conditioners. During the day, when ambient temperatures are higher, the cold storage tank provides cooling, and the air conditioning unit either does not operate or only operates for short periods.

[0048] 2) The open system eliminates the need for an intermediate heat exchanger, thus improving energy efficiency.

[0049] Water storage tanks typically use open systems (closed systems are very expensive and difficult to use concurrently with fire-fighting tanks). Conventional air conditioning water systems, on the other hand, use closed systems, requiring heat exchangers (such as plate heat exchangers) to isolate the two systems.

[0050] In this design, the air conditioning circulating water and the cold storage / release circulating water adopt an integrated open system, eliminating the need for an intermediate heat exchanger (such as a plate heat exchanger) and its associated water pump. This improves energy efficiency because: 1. If there is an intermediate heat exchanger, the main unit must provide a lower water temperature for cold storage to ensure that the water temperature of the stored coolant meets the normal air conditioning requirements after heat exchange; low-temperature water means lower energy efficiency. 2. By eliminating the water pump associated with the intermediate heat exchanger, the power consumption of that pump is also eliminated.

[0051] 3) Water-based cooling system.

[0052] During off-peak hours, the cooling capacity produced by the central air conditioning unit is stored in a water storage tank. During peak hours, the cooling capacity in the storage tank is released for use in the production workshops / offices. By utilizing the price difference between off-peak and peak electricity, the operating costs of air conditioning are greatly reduced.

[0053] In summary, the entire system is highly energy efficient and has low operating costs.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system, comprising an air conditioning terminal group (1) composed of multiple air conditioning terminals connected in parallel, a cold storage tank (2) for storing cold energy through water storage, and an air conditioning unit (3) capable of refrigeration; characterized in that: The air conditioning unit (3), the air conditioning terminal group (1), and the cold storage tank (2) are connected by a coolant piping system, which is configured to switch between the following operating modes: a) Only the air conditioning unit (3) supplies cooling to the air conditioning terminal group (1); b) Only the air conditioning unit (3) stores cold in the cold storage tank (2); c) Only the cold storage tank (2) supplies cooling to the air conditioning terminal group (1); d) The air conditioning unit (3) and the cold storage tank (2) simultaneously supply cooling to the air conditioning terminal group (1); e) The air conditioning unit (3) supplies cooling to the air conditioning terminal group (1) and simultaneously stores cold in the cold storage tank (2).

2. The open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant piping system includes: - The first coolant line L1 and the second coolant line L2 are connected to the air conditioning unit (3) and the air conditioning terminal group (1) to form a loop; the first coolant line L1 is provided with an electric proportional valve V1, an electric valve V3 and a refrigeration pump (4) in sequence, and the second coolant line L2 is provided with an electric valve V6. - The third coolant line L3 is connected in parallel to the first coolant line L1. One end of it is connected between the electric valve V3 and the electric proportional valve V1, and the other end is connected between the refrigeration pump (4) and the air conditioning terminal group (1). The third coolant line L3 is equipped with an electric proportional valve V5. - The fourth coolant line L4 and the fifth coolant line L5 connect the cold storage tank (2) to the air conditioning unit (3); one end of the fourth coolant line L4 is connected to the first coolant line L1 between the electric valve V3 and the electric proportional valve V1, and an electric proportional valve V2 is installed on it; one end of the fifth coolant line L5 is connected to the second coolant line L2 between the electric valve V6 and the air conditioning unit (3), and an electric proportional valve V4 and a cold storage pump (5) are installed on it in sequence; - The sixth coolant line L6 is connected at one end to the fifth coolant line L5 between the electric proportional valve V4 and the cold storage pump (5), and at the other end to the second coolant line L2 between the electric valve V6 and the air conditioning terminal group (1).

3. The open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first coolant pipeline L1 and the second coolant pipeline L2 are both equipped with raised pipelines (6) near the air conditioning unit (3) and near the air conditioning terminal group (1), and an exhaust valve (10) is installed on the raised pipeline (6).

4. The open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold storage tank (2) is a sunken cold storage tank located below ground level.

5. The open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a sunken machine room (7), in which the electric proportional valve V1, electric proportional valve V2, electric valve V3, electric proportional valve V4, chilled pump (4) and cold storage pump (5) are all installed; the electric proportional valve V2 is opened when the cold storage pump (5) is running, so as to fill the pipeline with water through the cold storage pool (2) to prevent cavitation.

6. The open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold storage tank (2) is a modified structure that serves as both a factory fire water tank and a fire water tank.

7. The open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A drainage pump (8) and a pipeline (9) connected to the sunken machine room (7) are installed in the low-lying area; the end of the pipeline (9) extends out of the sunken machine room (7).

8. The open-type high-efficiency cold storage air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: This system can be used for both heat storage and heating.

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