Automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522186978.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-16
AI Technical Summary
[0002]在大型农产品（如药材、果蔬、谷物）加工领域，晾晒盘的自动化装卸是提升生产效率与产品品质的关键环节，现有技术中晾晒盘码放与转运多依赖固定式架体或含额外电动、气动/液压驱动机构的装卸装置；其中，固定式架体需人工或大型设备辅助操作，自动化程度低且作业效率受限，含额外动力机构的装置则因动力单元存在，导致整体结构复杂、制造成本高昂且后期维护难度大，同时单体式设计难以灵活扩展以满足大规模矩阵式码放需求，严重制约了农产品加工生产线的自动化升级进程
1.本实用新型通过挂载叶片的重力复位、弹性连接件的形变蓄能及复位，结合升降组件的举升力，仅靠机械相互作用即可完成晾晒盘自动卡合与释放，无需外接动力源，大幅简化结构、降低制造成本与维护负担，同时减少动力部件故障点，提升运行可靠性；
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Figure CN224719093U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural product processing, specifically to an automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of large-scale agricultural product (such as medicinal herbs, fruits and vegetables, and grains) processing, the automated loading and unloading of drying trays is a key link in improving production efficiency and product quality. In the existing technology, the stacking and transfer of drying trays mostly rely on fixed frames or loading and unloading devices with additional electric, pneumatic / hydraulic drive mechanisms. Among them, fixed frames require manual or large equipment assistance, resulting in low automation and limited operating efficiency. Devices with additional power mechanisms have complex overall structures, high manufacturing costs, and difficult maintenance due to the presence of power units. At the same time, single-unit designs are difficult to flexibly expand to meet the needs of large-scale matrix stacking, which seriously restricts the automation upgrade process of agricultural product processing production lines. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion. The device includes a frame body, a mounting component, and a lifting component. The rotatable latching end blades of the mounting component hang naturally by a reset mechanism, requiring no additional power. The interaction force between the drying trays and the latching end is sufficient for automatic engagement and release. At the same time, the symmetrical mounting components on the frame body form through holes to ensure accurate loading and unloading positioning. It can also be expanded to realize a matrix structure of multiple drying trays in various array forms, which can effectively improve automation and operating efficiency and help upgrade agricultural product processing production lines.
[0004] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: An automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion includes: The stand body is a frame structure, and at least one pair of mounting components are symmetrically connected to the upper two sides of the stand body, and the space between the oppositely arranged mounting components forms a through hole to accommodate the drying tray. The mounting assembly is provided with rotatable mounting blades, and the free end of the mounting blades is provided with a snap-fit end, which hangs down naturally under the action of the reset mechanism. When the drying tray is lifted through the through hole by the lifting assembly, the buckle end automatically engages and releases with the drying tray due to the interaction force between the buckle end and the drying tray.
[0005] In this design, the rotatable mounting blades with snap-fit ends in the mounting assembly, in conjunction with the reset mechanism, allow for natural drooping. No external power source is required; the automatic engagement and release are achieved solely through the interaction between the drying trays and the snap-fit ends as the drying trays are lifted by the lifting assembly. This significantly simplifies the overall structure of the device, reduces manufacturing costs and subsequent maintenance burden, and minimizes the risk of downtime due to power component failure. Simultaneously, at least one pair of mounting components symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end of the platform body forms through holes to accommodate the drying trays. This ensures accurate positioning during loading and unloading, preventing offset and jamming, and lays the foundation for future expansion. Matrix storage and loading / unloading of multiple drying trays can be achieved by increasing the number of mounting components or expanding the platform body, adapting to the large-scale production needs of large agricultural product processing sites. No manual assistance or large equipment intervention is required, significantly improving the automation level and operational efficiency of drying tray loading and unloading.
[0006] As a further embodiment of the loading and unloading device, the mounting assembly also includes a guide base plate, a guide plate, an elastic connector, and a movable shaft; The guide base plate is fixedly connected to the frame body, and the guide plate is elastically connected to the guide base plate through the elastic connector. The mounting blade is rotatably mounted between the guide base plate and the guide plate through the movable shaft. The elastic connection between the mounting blade and the guide base plate through the elastic connector can absorb the impact force through elastic deformation when the mounting blade is rotated by the thrust of the drying tray, avoiding wear or jamming caused by rigid collision of components. It can also assist the mounting blade to accurately return to the initial drooping state with the help of elastic restoring force during unloading.
[0007] As a further solution for the loading and unloading device, the elastic connector is a sheet-shaped metal spring. The sheet-shaped metal spring has a thin and light structure, is easy to install, and can flexibly adapt to the assembly space between the guide base plate and the guide plate. It will not increase the volume of the mounting components and ensures that the overall structure is compact. The elastic connector undergoes elastic deformation and stores energy when the mounting blade rotates around the movable shaft, and recovers its deformation when the drying tray disengages from the snap-on end of the mounting blade.
[0008] As a further solution for the loading and unloading device, in order to further simplify the structure of the mounting assembly and reduce the risk of reset failure caused by the failure of unnecessary parts, when the mounting blade is in a natural drooping state, the free end of the mounting blade extends out of the gap formed by the guide base plate and the guide plate. When the lower surface of the drying tray is completely separated from the snap-on end of the mounting blade during the unloading process, the mounting blade can automatically rotate back to its initial drooping state under its own gravity.
[0009] As a further embodiment of the loading and unloading device, the frame body is provided with guide rail columns extending in the width direction and crossbeams extending in the length direction. The guide plate is slidably engaged with or fixedly connected to the guide rail columns, which not only provides a stable installation foundation for the hanging components, but also allows for flexible adjustment of the spacing between adjacent hanging components according to the size of the drying trays, adapting to the loading and unloading needs of drying trays of different specifications and improving the versatility of the device. The guide rail column and the crossbeam are both inclined at a preset angle relative to the horizontal plane to adapt to the contact trajectory and engagement posture of the drying tray and the mounting blade buckle end. This ensures that the edge of the drying tray can form smooth contact and force transmission with the buckle end during the lifting process of the lifting component, avoiding jamming or unstable engagement caused by improper contact angle, and further ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the automatic engagement and release action.
[0010] As a further embodiment of the loading and unloading device, both the guide rail column and the crossbeam are inclined at 45° relative to the horizontal plane, so that the edge of the drying tray and the buckle end of the hanging blade form a gentle contact angle, avoiding rigid collision caused by excessive angle or contact delay caused by excessive angle, and ensuring smooth transmission of the interaction force between the two.
[0011] As a further embodiment of the loading and unloading device, the side of the mounting blade facing the drying tray is provided with an inclined structure. The inclined structure is inclined from the free end of the mounting blade toward the movable shaft. When the drying tray rises and passes through the through hole, it makes smooth contact with the edge of the drying tray, guiding the drying tray to push the mounting blade to rotate around the movable shaft. This ensures that the rotation of the mounting blade is uniform and smooth, effectively preventing rotation jamming or action delay caused by uneven force.
[0012] As a further solution for the loading and unloading device, the center of gravity of the mounting blade is located near its free end. By setting the center of gravity of the mounting blade near its free end, the natural drooping state of the mounting blade can be stably achieved by gravity, without the need for additional complex reset components. This further simplifies the overall structure of the mounting assembly and reduces manufacturing costs and assembly difficulty.
[0013] As a further solution for the loading and unloading device, in order to improve production efficiency, the loading and unloading device is arranged in multiple arrays and connected in series.
[0014] As a further embodiment of the loading and unloading device, a conveyor line for transporting the drying trays is also included. The frame body is set at the transfer station of the conveyor line. The lifting component lifts the drying trays on the conveyor line to the upper part of the frame body, so that the drying trays can enter the next process. This achieves seamless connection between the loading and unloading device and the drying tray transportation link, eliminating the need for manual or additional equipment to transfer the drying trays, and opening up an automated process for agricultural product drying and processing.
[0015] In summary, compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following main advantages and beneficial effects: 1. This utility model achieves automatic locking and releasing of the drying tray by gravity reset of the mounted blades, deformation energy storage and reset of the elastic connector, combined with the lifting force of the lifting component, relying solely on mechanical interaction. No external power source is required, which greatly simplifies the structure, reduces manufacturing costs and maintenance burden, while reducing the failure points of power components and improving operational reliability. 2. The frame body of this utility model is equipped with a mounting component that can adjust the spacing as needed, and the frame body supports horizontal or vertical modular splicing, which can easily build a matrix storage system with multiple drying trays, perfectly adapting to the high-density and large-scale needs of large agricultural product processing sites, without the need to configure multiple sets of power and control systems, thus reducing site investment costs. 3. This utility model forms an integrated system by combining the production line, the frame body, and the lifting components, achieving seamless connection of drying tray transportation, lifting, loading and unloading. It eliminates the need for intermediate transfers, opens up the automated processing chain, avoids efficiency losses and agricultural product losses caused by manual intervention, significantly improves overall operation efficiency, and ensures production continuity. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the frame body structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting component structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model in the mounted state.
[0017] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names: 1-Frame body, 101-Column, 102-Connector, 103-Crossbeam, 104-Guide rail column; 2-Mounting assembly, 201-Elastic connector, 202-Guide base plate, 203-Guide plate, 204-Moving shaft, 205-Mounting blade; 3-Lifting and lowering components, 4-Drying tray. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. Example 1
[0019] This embodiment 1 provides an automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion, aiming to solve the problems of low efficiency and high cost caused by the reliance on manual labor or complex power mechanisms for loading and unloading drying trays in existing systems. It is suitable for the automated storage and transfer of drying trays in the agricultural product processing field. In this embodiment, the loading and unloading device can be expanded to realize an m*n form multi-drying tray matrix structure to adapt to large-scale production processes based on AGV automated operation scenarios; that is, multiple sets of loading and unloading devices are arrayed and connected in series. Figure 1 As shown, the loading and unloading device includes a platform body 1, a mounting assembly 2, and a lifting assembly 3 when in operation; Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the frame body 1 adopts a rectangular frame structure, specifically including columns 101, connectors 102, and crossbeams 103. The columns 101 are vertically arrayed around the lifting assembly 3 and supported on the ground. The upper ends of adjacent columns 101 are connected to form a frame structure through the columns 101 and connectors 102. At the same time, a pair of guide rail columns 104 are connected in the width direction and a pair of crossbeams 103 are connected in the length direction. In actual use, the spacing between the guide rail columns 104 and the crossbeams 103 can be adjusted according to the size of the drying tray 4. The guide rail columns 104 and the crossbeams 103 are inclined at a preset angle relative to the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, in order to avoid rigid collisions caused by excessive angles or contact delays caused by excessive angles, it is best to set the guide rail columns 104 and the crossbeams 103 at a 45° angle relative to the horizontal plane.
[0020] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 At least one pair of mounting components 2 (which can be added or removed as needed) are connected to the outer peripheral wall of the guide rail column 104. Each pair of mounting components 2 is arranged opposite to each other on the two guide rail columns 104, and a through hole for accommodating the drying tray 4 is formed between the oppositely arranged mounting components 2. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figure 3As shown, each mounting component 2 includes an elastic connector 201, a guide base plate 202, a guide plate 203, a movable shaft 204, and mounting blades 205. The guide base plate 202 is fixedly connected to the guide rail post 104 by bolts (or slidably connected to the guide rail post 104 by a slider). A shaft hole is opened on its surface for mounting the movable shaft 204. The guide plate 203 is a steel plate arranged parallel to the guide base plate 202 and is elastically connected to the guide base plate 202 by the elastic connector 201. The two ends of the elastic piece are welded or fixed to the guide base plate 202 and the guide plate 203 by fasteners. The guide plate 203 and the guide base plate 202 form a space for clamping the drying tray 4. In this embodiment, the elastic connector 201 is a sheet-like metal sheet or other elastic high-strength plastic sheet. When the mounting blades 205 rotate, they undergo elastic deformation and store energy. After the drying tray 4 is detached, the deformation is restored to assist the blades in resetting.
[0021] The mounting blade 205 is rotatably mounted between the guide base plate 202 and the guide plate 203 via a movable shaft 204, forming a clamping rotation structure. The movable shaft 204 passes through the guide base plate 202, the mounting blade 205, and the guide plate 203, and is fixed at both ends by bearings. A latching end is provided at the free end of the mounting blade 205, and the latching end has an inclined structure on the side facing the drying tray 4. This inclined structure guides the drying tray 4 upwards, smoothly pushing the mounting blade 205 to rotate. The two inclined surfaces of the inclined structure form a right angle, tilting from the free end towards the movable shaft. In use, the latching end engages with the edge of the drying tray 4 to achieve load-bearing. Since the center of gravity of the mounting blade 205 is close to the free end, it ensures that the mounting blade 205 naturally droops under gravity. Of course, in some embodiments, an active reset mechanism can also be used to allow the mounting blade 205 to droop naturally after unloading. For example, the blade can be reset using elastic elements such as torsion springs, or the force transmission path can be changed by adding intermediate mechanisms such as connecting rods.
[0022] In this embodiment, the lifting component 3 is an AGV trolley paired with an electric lifting platform or a fixed scissor-type hydraulic lift, etc., which has lifting capabilities. It is set directly below the platform body, and a tray adapted to the drying tray 4 is installed on the top. It is controlled by a PLC control system. The lifting component 3 is all existing conventional technology, and its specific structure will not be described in detail.
[0023] Working principle: such as Figure 4As shown, the lifting component 3 lifts the drying tray 4 and raises it smoothly in the vertical direction, ensuring that its axis is aligned with the receiving through holes formed by the mounting components 2 on both sides of the frame body 1. When the drying tray 4 rises to contact the mounting components 2, the edge of the drying tray 4 first adheres to the right-angled inclined structure of the mounting blade 205 facing itself. The inclined surface smoothly converts the vertical lifting force of the drying tray 4 into a lateral driving force that pushes the mounting blade 205 to rotate around the movable shaft 204, so that the mounting blade 205 overcomes its own weight and the initial elastic force of the elastic connector 201 and rotates away from the through hole. At the same time, the elastic connector 204 undergoes elastic deformation due to the pressure of the blade, and accumulates reset energy. At this time, the L-shaped buckle end of the free end of the blade engages below the edge of the drying tray 4, forming a mechanical self-locking, and stably hangs the drying tray 4 on the upper part of the frame body 1, completing the loading. As the lifting assembly 3 continues to rise, the drying tray 4 completely passes through the through hole, and its edge disengages from the thrust on the mounting blade 205. At this time, the elastic connector 201 releases the stored deformation energy, which, together with the gravity of the mounting blade 205, drives the blade to quickly rotate around the movable shaft 204 back to the initial drooping state, preparing for the next loading. Example 2
[0024] This embodiment 2 provides another automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on the solution of embodiment 1. The device consists of a platform body 1, a hanging component 2, a lifting component 3, and a production line 9 (not shown in the figure) to form an overall transportation system, thereby realizing the automatic loading and unloading of drying trays. Since this embodiment transforms the single vertical movement of the lifting component 3 into a reliable engaging and releasing action on the drying tray 4, this embodiment can also be directly applied to all flat-type load-bearing units that require vertical automated loading and unloading, such as industrial baking trays, chemical catalyst trays, electroplating workpiece racks, logistics sorting trays, etc. Specifically, the frame body 1 is set at the transfer station of the production line. The lifting component 3 lifts the drying tray 4 on the production line to the upper part of the frame body 1. Then, the drying tray 4 is pushed into the next process by manual or horizontal push rod device. This process is repeated to achieve seamless connection between the loading and unloading device and the transportation link of the drying tray 4, without the need for manual or additional equipment to transfer the drying tray.
[0025] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. An automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion, characterized in that, include: The frame body (1) is a frame structure, and at least one pair of hanging components (2) are symmetrically connected on both sides of the upper end of the frame body (1), and a through hole for accommodating the drying tray (4) is formed between the oppositely arranged hanging components (2). The mounting assembly (2) is provided with a rotatable mounting blade (205), the free end of which is a snap-fit end, which hangs down naturally under the action of the reset mechanism. When the drying tray (4) is lifted through the through hole by the lifting component (3), the buckle end automatically engages and releases with the drying tray (4) through the interaction force with the drying tray (4).
2. The automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting assembly (2) also includes a guide base plate (202), a guide plate (203), an elastic connector (201), and a movable shaft (204). The guide base plate (202) is fixedly connected to the frame body (1), and the guide plate (203) is elastically connected to the guide base plate (202) through the elastic connector (201); the mounting blade (205) is rotatably assembled between the guide base plate (202) and the guide plate (203) through the movable shaft (204) to form a clamping rotating structure.
3. The automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic connector (201) is a sheet-like metal spring; The elastic connector (201) undergoes elastic deformation and stores energy when the mounting blade (205) rotates around the movable shaft (204), and recovers its deformation when the drying tray (4) disengages from the snap-on end of the mounting blade (205).
4. The automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the mounting blade (205) is in a naturally drooping state, the free end of the mounting blade (205) extends out of the gap formed between the guide base plate (202) and the guide plate (203); When the lower surface of the drying tray (4) is completely separated from the snap-on end of the mounting blade (205) during the unloading process, the mounting blade (205) can automatically rotate back to the initial drooping state under its own gravity.
5. The automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion according to claim 2, characterized in that, The frame body (1) is provided with a guide rail column (104) extending in the width direction and a crossbeam (103) extending in the length direction. The guide plate (202) is slidably engaged with or fixedly connected to the guide rail column (104). The guide rail column (104) and the crossbeam (103) are both inclined at a preset angle relative to the horizontal plane to adapt to the contact trajectory and engagement posture of the drying tray (4) and the buckle end of the hanging blade (205).
6. The automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the guide rail column (104) and the crossbeam (103) are inclined at 45° relative to the horizontal plane.
7. An automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The mounting blade (205) has an inclined structure on the side facing the drying tray (4). The inclined structure is inclined from the free end of the mounting blade (205) toward the movable shaft (204). When the drying tray (4) rises and passes through the through hole, it makes smooth contact with the edge of the drying tray (4) and guides the drying tray (4) to push the mounting blade (205) to rotate around the movable shaft (204).
8. The automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion according to claim 7, characterized in that, The center of gravity of the mounted blade (205) is located near its free end, causing the mounted blade (205) to hang naturally under the action of gravity.
9. The automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion according to claim 7, characterized in that, The loading and unloading devices are arrayed in multiple groups and connected in series.
10. The automatic loading and unloading device for multiple drying trays based on lifting motion according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a production line for transporting the drying tray (4), the frame body (1) is set at the transfer station of the production line, and the lifting component (3) lifts the drying tray (4) on the production line to the upper part of the frame body (1) so that the drying tray (4) enters the next process.