Tunnel secondary lining void monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to tunnel hollow monitoring technical field, and disclose tunnel secondary lining cavity prevention monitoring equipment, including tunnel body, inner layer concrete and expansion joint monitoring subassembly, the inner layer concrete is poured in tunnel body inner wall, expansion joint monitoring subassembly is inlayed in the expansion joint department of inner layer concrete, expansion joint monitoring subassembly includes baffle, reinforced concrete, apron, displacement measuring device, F type mould, left side guard board and right side guard board, through above -mentioned scheme, solved one is the adaptability of monitoring subassembly and expansion joint is poor, is influenced by dust, seepage in tunnel construction environment, sensor is easy to appear jam or signal distortion, two is that monitoring structure lacks protection design, is easy to be damaged by external force collision in the process of tunnel construction and operation, and service life is short, three is that monitoring data is single, can only obtain displacement data, cannot realize comprehensive monitoring in combination with expansion joint opening and closing state, and data reading needs manual close -range operation, and the efficiency is low problem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tunnel void monitoring technology, specifically a tunnel secondary lining anti-void monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] As the core load-bearing and protective component of the tunnel structure, the tightness of the secondary lining with the initial support or surrounding rock directly determines the safety of tunnel operation. The prevention of voids in the secondary lining means preventing voids or gaps between the inner concrete layer of the tunnel and the supporting structure of the surrounding rock behind it. The secondary lining is the inner protective wall after the tunnel is formed, and it should be tightly attached to the surrounding rock or initial support behind it.

[0003] In layman's terms, "loosening" means that there is a gap between two things, like when wall tiles are not properly adhered and the middle part is bulging. The hazards caused by gaps: The secondary lining concrete and the underlying structure must be completely bonded without gaps. Gaps will cause uneven stress on the secondary lining, which may lead to cracking and spalling in the long run, affecting tunnel safety. Gaps can also easily accumulate water and corrode steel bars, shortening the tunnel's service life. Only a tight bond can allow the secondary lining and surrounding rock to share the load and ensure tunnel stability.

[0004] Therefore, after the concrete foundation is poured, it is necessary to monitor the internal pouring of the tunnel to prevent hollow areas caused by incomplete pouring. Existing devices typically employ infrared imaging and beam projection for large-area monitoring. As an underground engineering structure, the tunnel's structure will deform under the influence of temperature changes, geological settlement, and vehicle loads. Therefore, expansion joints need to be installed in the inner layer of concrete to release deformation stress and prevent structural cracking and damage. The deformation of the expansion joints is a key indicator reflecting the stability of the tunnel structure. If the deformation exceeds the design threshold, it can easily lead to problems such as water leakage and structural misalignment, seriously affecting the safe operation of the tunnel. However, in implementing the relevant technologies, it was found that the aforementioned tunnel expansion joint monitoring devices mostly use a single displacement sensor for monitoring, which has the following drawbacks: First, the compatibility between the monitoring components and the expansion joint is poor. Affected by dust and water seepage in the tunnel construction environment, the sensor is prone to jamming or signal distortion. Second, the monitoring structure lacks protective design, making it susceptible to damage from external impacts during tunnel construction and operation, resulting in a short service life. Third, the monitoring data is limited, only displacement data can be obtained, and it is impossible to achieve comprehensive monitoring by combining the opening and closing status of the expansion joint. Moreover, data reading requires close-range manual operation, which is inefficient. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, this utility model provides a tunnel secondary lining anti-vacuum monitoring device, which has the advantages of dual monitoring and verification when the expansion joint opens and closes and deforms, the relative displacement of the left and right guard plates, the movement of the scale plate driven by the monitoring head 3, the shield plate blocking the scale change, the synchronous change of the signal strength of the signal transmitter and receiver, and the remote transmission of displacement data and signal data by the data transmission module.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a tunnel secondary lining anti-void monitoring device, comprising a tunnel body, an inner layer of concrete, and an expansion joint monitoring component. The inner layer of concrete is poured into the inner wall of the tunnel body, and the expansion joint monitoring component is embedded in the expansion joint of the inner layer of concrete. The expansion joint monitoring component includes a partition plate, reinforcing bars, a cover plate, a displacement measuring device, an F-type mold, a left side guard plate, and a right side guard plate. The expansion joint monitoring component is located between the left and right guard plates. The left and right guard plates have the same structure and are symmetrically opposite in the center of the tunnel body. The partition is located in the bottom opening slot of the left and right guard plates. The partition is fixedly connected to the F-type mold. An elastic strip is embedded inside the F-type mold. A round hole groove is opened inside the elastic strip. The bottom end of the elastic strip is parallel to the cover plate. The partition, the elastic strip, and the cover plate all have round hole grooves.

[0007] Preferably, a monitoring head is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the left protective plate. The monitoring head is a high-precision displacement sensor. A scale plate is attached to the bottom end of the monitoring head. The scale plate has millimeter-level graduation lines on its surface. The monitoring head slides laterally on the surface of the scale plate. A barrier plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the left protective plate. The barrier plate is made of frosted stainless steel and has a reflective coating on its surface. The barrier plate slides on the surface of the partition. The scale plate is located inside the barrier plate.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom ends of the left and right guard plates are fixedly connected to reinforced concrete and are fixedly connected to the inner layer of concrete. The bottom ends of the left and right guard plates are provided with square grooves with openings towards the center, and the cover plates are located inside the square grooves of the left and right guard plates.

[0009] Preferably, both the left and right guard plates are made of steel plates with galvanized surfaces. Reinforcing ribs are provided on the inner sides of both the left and right guard plates, and the reinforcing ribs are anchored to the inner concrete layer.

[0010] Preferably, the left and right protective plates are symmetrically arranged in the inner layer of concrete on both sides of the expansion joint. A signal transmitter is fixedly installed on the left protective plate, and a signal receiver is fixedly installed on the right protective plate at the position corresponding to the signal transmitter. The signal transmitter is an infrared signal transmitter, and the signal receiver is an infrared signal receiver. The signal transmission path of the signal transmitter and the signal receiver is parallel to the center line of the expansion joint. The signal receiver is connected to a data transmission module, which is a wireless Bluetooth module.

[0011] Preferably, both the left and right protective plates are configured with the same curvature as the tunnel body. Both the signal transmitter and receiver utilize waterproof sealed housings, with a protection rating of at least IP67.

[0012] Preferably, the cover plate has an observation window on its surface, and a transparent acrylic plate is embedded in the observation window. The position of the observation window corresponds to the position of the displacement measuring device.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model releases deformation stress by setting expansion joints on the inner layer of concrete of the tunnel body, thus avoiding structural cracking and damage. The combination design of F-type mold and elastic strip utilizes the deformation capability of the elastic strip to adapt to the opening and closing deformation of the expansion joint. The F-type mold and the inner layer of concrete are poured and fixed simultaneously. The left and right guard plates are anchored in the concrete by reinforcing bars, ensuring stable installation. The overall structure of the device is modularly designed, and the length of the partition can be adjusted according to the width of different tunnel expansion joints to adapt to the construction needs of tunnels of different specifications. 2. This utility model adopts a dual monitoring structure of displacement measuring device and infrared signal transceiver component. The monitoring head drives the scale plate to move synchronously. The deformation is intuitively displayed by the blocking state of the barrier plate. The signal strength changes of the signal transmitter and receiver realize dual verification of data. The signal receiver transmits data remotely through wireless transmission module, eliminating the need for manual close-range reading and improving monitoring efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the partition of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expansion joint monitoring component of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, in which the reinforcing steel bar is located in concrete; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring head of this utility model sliding on the scale plate; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left and right protective plates of this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Tunnel body; 2. Inner concrete layer; 3. Expansion joint monitoring components; 31. Partition plate; 32. Reinforcing bar; 33. Cover plate; 34. Displacement measuring device; 341. Monitoring head; 342. Scale plate; 343. Barrier plate; 35. Type F mold; 351. Elastic strip; 3511. Round hole groove; 4. Left side panel; 41. Signal transmitter; 5. Right side panel; 51. Signal receiver. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this utility model provides a tunnel secondary lining anti-void monitoring device, including a tunnel body 1, an inner concrete layer 2, and an expansion joint monitoring component 3. The inner concrete layer 2 is poured into the inner wall of the tunnel body 1, and the expansion joint monitoring component 3 is embedded in the expansion joint of the inner concrete layer 2. The expansion joint monitoring component 3 includes a partition plate 31, a reinforcing bar 32, a cover plate 33, a displacement measuring device 34, an F-type mold 35, a left side guard plate 4, and a right side guard plate 5. The expansion joint monitoring component 3 is located between the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5. The left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5 have the same structure and are located symmetrically opposite each other at the center of the tunnel body 1. The partition plate 31 is located in the bottom opening slot of the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5. The partition plate 31 is fixedly connected to the F-type mold 35. An elastic strip 351 is embedded inside the F-type mold 35. A round hole slot 3511 is opened inside the elastic strip 351. The bottom end of the elastic strip 351 is parallel to the cover plate 33. The partition plate 31, the elastic strip 351 and the cover plate 33 are all provided with round holes.

[0018] Specifically, a monitoring head 341 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the left protective plate 4. The monitoring head 341 is a high-precision displacement sensor. A scale plate 342 is attached to the bottom of the monitoring head 341. The scale plate 342 has millimeter-level scale lines on its surface. The monitoring head 341 slides laterally on the surface of the scale plate 342. A barrier plate 343 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the left protective plate 4. The barrier plate 343 is made of brushed stainless steel and has a reflective coating on its surface. The barrier plate 343 slides on the surface of the partition plate 31. The scale plate 342 is located inside the barrier plate 343.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom ends of the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5 are both fixedly connected with steel bars 32, and are fixedly connected inside the inner layer of concrete 2 to fix the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5. The bottom ends of the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5 are both provided with square grooves with openings towards the center, and the cover plate 33 is located inside the square grooves of the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5.

[0020] Furthermore, both the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5 are made of steel plate with galvanized surface. The inner sides of both the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5 are reinforced with ribs, which are anchored to the inner concrete layer 2.

[0021] It is worth noting that the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5 are symmetrically arranged in the inner layer of concrete 2 on both sides of the expansion joint. A signal transmitter 41 is fixedly installed on the left guard plate 4, and a signal receiver 51 is fixedly installed on the right guard plate 5 at the position corresponding to the signal transmitter 41. The signal transmitter 41 and the signal receiver 51 both transmit infrared signals. The signal transmission path of the signal transmitter 41 and the signal receiver 51 is perpendicular to the center line of the expansion joint. The signal receiver 51 is connected to a data transmission module, which is a wireless Bluetooth module.

[0022] It is worth noting that the left protective plate 4 and the right protective plate 5 are both set with the same curvature as the tunnel body 1. The signal transmitter 41 and the signal receiver 51 are both equipped with waterproof sealed shells, and the protection level of the waterproof sealed shells is not lower than IP67.

[0023] It is worth mentioning that an observation window is provided on the surface of the cover plate 33, and a transparent acrylic plate is embedded in the observation window. The position of the observation window corresponds to the position of the displacement measuring device 34.

[0024] The tunnel body 1 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. Additionally, this utility model also includes a power supply, controller, and switches, which are not the main technical points of this patent and will not be described in detail here. The "front, rear, left, and right" perspectives of this device are... Figure 1 The direction shown in the diagram is the reference.

[0025] Working principle: During the construction of the tunnel body 1, it is necessary to splice the left side guard plate 4 and the right side guard plate 5. During the splicing, an expansion joint monitoring component 3 needs to be added between the left side guard plate 4 and the right side guard plate 5. When the inner layer concrete 2 is poured inside the left side guard plate 4 and the right side guard plate 5, the concrete flows along the left side guard plate 4 and the right side guard plate 5 to the lower side under the action of gravity, and the concrete is fixed with the steel reinforcement 32. During crustal movement, when the expansion joints of the tunnel body 1 open and close and deform, the left side guard plate 4 and the right side guard plate 5 are relatively displaced. The monitoring head 341 drives the scale plate 342 to move, and the barrier plate 343 blocks the scale change. At the same time, the signal strength of the signal transmitter 41 and the signal receiver 51 changes synchronously. The data transmission module remotely transmits the displacement data and signal data to achieve dual monitoring and verification.

[0026] There will be some swaying between the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5. The expansion joint monitoring component 3 is used to counteract the swaying from the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5. When the left guard plate 4 sways towards the expansion joint monitoring component 3, the monitoring head 341 at the bottom of the left guard plate 4 slides on the surface of the scale plate 342 to monitor the displacement. During the monitoring process, the barrier plate 343 is used to shield the signal to prevent signal interference. The elastic strip 351 inside the F-type mold 35 can counteract most of the swaying force and avoid... The left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5 collide directly, causing cracks on the surfaces of the left guard plate 4 and the right guard plate 5. The signal transmitter 41 located on the left guard plate 4 transmits a signal to the signal receiver 51 on the right guard plate 5 to measure the distance. At the same time, when repair is needed, the cement repair device can flow from inside the cover plate 33 through the round hole groove 3511 in the elastic strip 351 and into the round groove in the partition plate 31. The cement flows to the hollow position for covering. Through the several sets of holes, different positions can be monitored.

[0027] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel secondary lining anti-void monitoring device, comprising a tunnel body (1), an inner layer concrete (2), and an expansion joint monitoring component (3), wherein the inner layer concrete (2) is poured into the inner wall of the tunnel body (1), and the expansion joint monitoring component (3) is embedded in the expansion joint of the inner layer concrete (2), characterized in that: The expansion joint monitoring component (3) includes a partition (31), reinforced concrete (32), a cover plate (33), a displacement measuring device (34), an F-type mold (35), a left side guard plate (4), and a right side guard plate (5). The expansion joint monitoring component (3) is located between the left guard plate (4) and the right guard plate (5). The left guard plate (4) and the right guard plate (5) have the same structure and are located in the center of the tunnel body (1) in a symmetrical and opposite direction. The partition plate (31) is located in the bottom opening slot of the left guard plate (4) and the right guard plate (5). The partition plate (31) is fixedly connected to the F-type mold (35). The F-type mold (35) has an elastic strip (351) embedded inside. A round hole slot (3511) is opened inside the elastic strip (351). The bottom end of the elastic strip (351) is parallel to the cover plate (33). The partition plate (31), the elastic strip (351), and the cover plate (33) are all provided with round hole slots.

2. The tunnel secondary lining anti-voidage monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A monitoring head (341) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the left guard plate (4). The monitoring head (341) is a high-precision displacement sensor. A scale plate (342) is attached to the bottom end of the monitoring head (341). The scale plate (342) has millimeter-level scale lines on its surface. The monitoring head (341) slides laterally on the surface of the scale plate (342). A barrier plate (343) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the left guard plate (4). The barrier plate (343) is made of frosted stainless steel and has a reflective coating on its surface. The barrier plate (343) slides on the surface of the partition plate (31). The scale plate (342) is located inside the barrier plate (343).

3. The tunnel secondary lining anti-void monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the left guard plate (4) and the right guard plate (5) are fixedly connected with reinforced concrete (32) and fixedly connected inside the inner layer of concrete (2). The bottom ends of the left guard plate (4) and the right guard plate (5) are provided with square grooves with openings towards the center. The cover plate (33) is located inside the square grooves of the left guard plate (4) and the right guard plate (5).

4. The tunnel secondary lining anti-void monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both the left guard plate (4) and the right guard plate (5) are made of steel plate, and the surface of the steel plate is galvanized. The inner side of both the left guard plate (4) and the right guard plate (5) is provided with reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs are anchored to the inner concrete (2).

5. The tunnel secondary lining anti-void monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left guard plate (4) and the right guard plate (5) are symmetrically arranged in the inner concrete (2) on both sides of the expansion joint. A signal transmitter (41) is fixedly installed on the left guard plate (4), and a signal receiver (51) is fixedly installed on the right guard plate (5) at the position corresponding to the signal transmitter (41). The signal transmitter (41) is an infrared signal transmitter, and the signal receiver (51) is an infrared signal receiver. The signal transmission path of the signal transmitter (41) and the signal receiver (51) is parallel to the center line of the expansion joint. The signal receiver (51) is connected to a data transmission module, which is a wireless Bluetooth module.

6. The tunnel secondary lining anti-void monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The left protective plate (4) and the right protective plate (5) are both set with the same curvature as the tunnel body (1). The signal transmitter (41) and the signal receiver (51) are both made of waterproof sealed shells. The protection level of the waterproof sealed shells is not lower than IP67.

7. The tunnel secondary lining anti-voidage monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An observation window is provided on the surface of the cover plate (33), and a transparent acrylic plate is embedded in the observation window. The position of the observation window corresponds to the position of the displacement measuring device (34).

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