Automatic non-frame coarse-grained soil triaxial test device

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the technical field of triaxial testing equipment for coarse-grained soil, and discloses an automated triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil without a reaction frame. It includes a pressure chamber cylinder and a pressure chamber base. The lower end of the pressure chamber cylinder is open and correspondingly covers the pressure chamber base. An axial loading device is installed above the pressure chamber cylinder. A coarse-grained soil sample is installed on the pressure chamber base. The pressure chamber cylinder and the pressure chamber base are fixed together by several clamps, each clamp being equipped with a clamp translation drive mechanism. A lifting drive mechanism is connected to the pressure chamber cylinder, allowing it to move up and down. A movable trolley is fixedly connected below the pressure chamber base, and the movable trolley is equipped with a trolley translation drive mechanism. This invention mainly addresses the problem that existing triaxial testing devices for coarse-grained soil without a reaction frame still require excessive manual intervention during the testing process. Based on the existing triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil without reaction frame, this invention addresses the testing steps that require manual intervention by using multiple automated drive mechanisms to complete the assembly, disassembly, and disassembly of the device, thus replacing manual operation. This allows the invention to achieve a very high degree of testing automation. The only process requiring manual intervention is the loading and unloading of coarse-grained soil samples. Compared with the prior art, the overall automation level of the device is higher, and the further reduction in human intervention can effectively avoid human error and also relatively improve testing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of triaxial testing equipment for coarse-grained soil, and more specifically, relates to an automated triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil without a reaction frame. Background Technology

[0002] Triaxial testing of coarse-grained soil is one of the important methods for studying the mechanical properties of coarse-grained soil. Traditional triaxial testing equipment for coarse-grained soil is mainly designed for coarse-grained soil samples with a maximum particle size of no more than 60 mm. It can apply different forms and intensities of static loads to coarse-grained soil samples prepared under different humidity, density, structure and stress conditions, and measure the stress (including pore water pressure) and strain of the coarse-grained soil samples, thereby making qualitative and quantitative judgments on the variation law of soil properties and related indicators.

[0003] The main structure and loading principle of existing conventional triaxial testing apparatuses for coarse-grained soils are basically the same, generally consisting of an axial loading frame, an axial loading system, a confined pressure system, a pressure chamber, a volumetric strain measurement system, and a pore pressure measurement system. The axial loading frame, as the main axial force bearing structure, typically adopts a four-column or two-column external frame, consisting of beams, a base, and columns forming a closed reaction frame. The interior of the frame is the main loading space, and the pressure chamber is located inside the frame. The axial loading system is installed at the upper or lower part of the frame, applying axial principal stress to the coarse-grained soil sample through force transmission rods that pass through the pressure chamber.

[0004] Based on this, in order to further simplify the overall structure and reduce the space occupied by the device, a reaction-free triaxial testing device for coarse soil was developed. This type of device integrates the axial loading system with the pressure chamber and sets the pressure chamber cylinder and pressure chamber base to be detachably connected. The pressure chamber is disassembled and assembled by automatic lifting of the pressure chamber cylinder and manual translation of the pressure chamber base, which relatively reduces the manual participation in the test process and improves the automation level of the device.

[0005] Even so, existing devices of this type still require manual intervention during actual testing, such as the connection between the pressure chamber cylinder and the pressure chamber base, and the translation of the pressure chamber base. Therefore, in order to completely solve the problem of excessive manual intervention and further improve the automation level of the reaction frame-less coarse-grained soil triaxial testing device, it is necessary to improve the existing technology again. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated reaction-free triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil, which aims to solve the problem that existing reaction-free triaxial testing devices for coarse-grained soil still require too much manual intervention in the testing process.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] An automatic coarse-grained soil triaxial test device without a counterforce frame, comprising a pressure chamber cylinder and a pressure chamber base, wherein the lower end of the pressure chamber cylinder is open and correspondingly covers the pressure chamber base, an axial loading device is installed above the pressure chamber cylinder, a coarse-grained soil sample is installed on the pressure chamber base, characterized in that the pressure chamber cylinder and the pressure chamber base are limited and fixed by a plurality of clamps, and each clamp is provided with a clamp translation driving mechanism; a jacking driving mechanism capable of moving the pressure chamber cylinder up and down is connected to the pressure chamber cylinder; a movable trolley is fixedly connected below the pressure chamber base, and the movable trolley is provided with a trolley translation driving mechanism.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the clamp is in a "匚"-shape, mutually adapted annular horizontal flanges are respectively provided at the lower end of the pressure chamber cylinder and on the pressure chamber base, and the open end of the clamp is engaged with the annular horizontal flange; the clamp translation driving mechanism is configured to drive the clamp to move horizontally to disengage from or engage with the annular horizontal flange.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the plurality of clamps are uniformly arranged along the annular horizontal flange.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the clamp translation driving mechanism comprises a telescopic actuator, and the telescopic actuator is horizontally installed on the lower surface of the pressure chamber base; the actuating end of the telescopic actuator is fixedly connected with the clamp via a vertical connecting plate.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the jacking driving mechanism comprises two jacking actuators symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pressure chamber cylinder, and the jacking actuators are vertically installed; the actuating end of the jacking actuator is fixedly connected with the pressure chamber cylinder via a horizontal connecting plate.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the trolley translation driving mechanism comprises a translation actuator, and the translation actuator is horizontally installed; the actuating end of the translation actuator is fixedly connected with the movable trolley.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the device further comprises a protective cover, and the protective cover completely encloses the pressure chamber cylinder, the pressure chamber base and the movable trolley; an opening for the pressure chamber cylinder to pass through is provided above the protective cover corresponding to the lifting direction of the pressure chamber cylinder; a door for the pressure chamber base, the coarse-grained soil sample and the movable trolley to pass through is provided on the protective cover corresponding to the translation direction of the movable trolley.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the door is an electric lifting door.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the axial loading device includes a loading actuator, which is vertically installed above the pressure chamber cylinder, and the actuation direction of the loading actuator is consistent with the axial direction of the pressure chamber cylinder; the actuating end of the loading actuator penetrates through the outer cylinder of the pressure chamber and acts on the coarse-grained soil sample.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] This invention, based on existing triaxial testing devices for coarse-grained soil without reaction frames, utilizes a clamp translation drive mechanism to drive the clamps used to fix the pressure chamber cylinder and pressure chamber base to move horizontally, thereby achieving automated assembly and disassembly of the pressure chamber. Furthermore, a lifting drive mechanism drives the pressure chamber cylinder to move up and down, achieving automated separation or assembly of the pressure chamber cylinder relative to the pressure chamber base in the vertical plane. Further, a trolley translation drive mechanism drives the pressure chamber base and the coarse-grained soil sample mounted on the pressure chamber base to move horizontally, achieving automated movement of the pressure chamber base relative to the pressure chamber cylinder in the horizontal plane. In summary, this invention primarily addresses test steps requiring manual intervention by adding automated drive mechanisms to replace manual operation, achieving a very high degree of test automation. The only process requiring manual intervention is the loading and unloading of the coarse-grained soil sample. Compared to existing technologies, the overall automation level of the device is higher, and the further reduction in human intervention effectively avoids human error and relatively improves test efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a certain embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure chamber structure according to a certain embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of a certain embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of a certain embodiment of the present invention during testing;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of a certain embodiment of the present invention after the test is completed.

[0026] Among them, 1-pressure chamber cylinder, 2-pressure chamber base, 3-coarse soil sample, 4-clamp, 5-movable trolley, 6-annular horizontal flange, 7-telescopic actuator, 8-vertical connecting plate, 9-lifting actuator, 10-horizontal connecting plate, 11-translational actuator, 12-protective cover, 13-opening, 14-door, 15-loading actuator. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figures 1 to 6 An automated triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil without a reaction frame is shown, comprising a pressure chamber cylinder 1 and a pressure chamber base 2. The lower end of the pressure chamber cylinder 1 is open and correspondingly covers the pressure chamber base 2. An axial loading device is installed above the pressure chamber cylinder 1. A coarse-grained soil sample 3 is installed on the pressure chamber base 2. The axial loading device includes a loading actuator 15, which is vertically installed above the pressure chamber cylinder 1, and the actuation direction of the loading actuator 15 is consistent with the axial direction of the pressure chamber cylinder 1. The actuating end of the loading actuator 15 penetrates the pressure chamber cylinder 1 and acts on the coarse-grained soil sample 3.

[0030] The core of this embodiment lies in: Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the pressure chamber cylinder 1 and the pressure chamber base 2 are fixed together by several clamps 4, and each clamp 4 is equipped with a clamp translation drive mechanism; a lifting drive mechanism is connected to the pressure chamber cylinder 1 to move the pressure chamber cylinder 1 up and down; a movable trolley 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure chamber base 2, and the movable trolley 5 is equipped with a trolley translation drive mechanism.

[0031] In this embodiment, the pressure chamber cylinder 1 and the pressure chamber base 2 are designed as separate units. The clamp 4 used to connect the pressure chamber cylinder 1 and the pressure chamber base 2 can achieve horizontal translation, the pressure chamber cylinder 1 can achieve vertical lifting, and the pressure chamber base 2 can achieve horizontal translation. This means that the reaction frame-less coarse-grained soil triaxial testing device in this embodiment does not require much manual intervention during the test, further improving the automation level of the device, reducing human error, and improving test efficiency.

[0032] Assuming that the initial state of this embodiment is that the pressure chamber cylinder 1 and the pressure chamber base 2 are separated, the pressure chamber cylinder 1 is in a lifting state relative to the pressure chamber base 2, the pressure chamber base 2 is in an outward moving state relative to the pressure chamber cylinder 1, and the coarse-grained soil sample 3 has not yet been installed on the pressure chamber base 2, then the workflow of this embodiment is as follows:

[0033] First, using hoisting equipment and manual assistance, the coarse-grained soil sample 3 to be tested is installed and fixed on the pressure chamber base 2. Then, the trolley translation mechanism is activated to move the movable trolley 5 horizontally, thereby moving the pressure chamber base 2 and the coarse-grained soil sample 3 horizontally to directly below the pressure chamber cylinder 1, reaching the specified test position. Next, the lifting drive mechanism is activated to drive the pressure chamber cylinder 1 downward and precisely align it with the pressure chamber base 2. Finally, the clamp translation drive mechanism is activated to drive each clamp 4 to translate, thereby locking and fixing the pressure chamber cylinder 1 and the pressure chamber base 2. After the above steps are completed, the axial loading device can be activated to load the coarse-grained soil sample 3 and measure the corresponding test data. After the test is completed, the drive mechanisms are activated in reverse order to sequentially remove the clamps 4 of the pressure chamber, vertically separate the pressure chamber cylinder 1 from the pressure chamber base 2, and horizontally move the pressure chamber base 2 away from the pressure chamber cylinder 1.

[0034] It should be understood that the above-mentioned workflow requires strict attention to the starting sequence of each drive mechanism. Therefore, those skilled in the art can easily conceive of setting up a unified controller to control the opening and closing and starting sequence of each drive mechanism. This controller can also control the driving stroke of each drive mechanism to ensure precise docking between the various parts of the device. For example, setting the translation stroke of the trolley translation mechanism can ensure that the pressure chamber base 2 and the coarse soil sample 3 are precisely aligned or completely misaligned with the pressure chamber cylinder 1 on the horizontal plane; setting the lifting stroke of the lifting drive mechanism can ensure that the pressure chamber cylinder 1 and the pressure chamber base 2 are precisely aligned or completely misaligned on the vertical plane; setting the translation stroke of the clamp translation drive mechanism can ensure that the clamp 4 is precisely aligned and completely misaligned with the pressure chamber cylinder 1 and the pressure chamber base 2 on the horizontal plane. The specific range of working stroke data settings needs to be determined according to the overall size of the device.

[0035] The above-mentioned implementation of the opening, closing and starting sequence of each driving mechanism by the controller is a common prior art in the art, and therefore will not be repeated herein.

[0036] Specifically, the clamp 4 is in a "匚"-shape, adapted annular horizontal flanges 6 are provided on the lower end of the pressure chamber cylinder 1 and the pressure chamber base 2, the open end of the clamp 4 is clamped with the annular horizontal flange 6, and a plurality of clamps 4 are evenly arranged along the annular horizontal flange 6; the clamp translation driving mechanism is configured to drive the clamp 4 to move horizontally to disengage from or clamp into the annular horizontal flange 6.

[0037] As shown in the figures, a first annular horizontal flange is provided at the lower end of the pressure chamber cylinder 1, and a second annular horizontal flange is provided on the pressure chamber base 2. After the two annular horizontal flanges are accurately butted, they are clamped by the clamp 4, and the height of the clamping groove of the clamp 4 is adapted to the superimposed thickness of the two annular horizontal flanges 6; meanwhile, in order to ensure the sealing performance between the pressure chamber cylinder 1 and the pressure chamber base 2, a convex platform which is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the pressure chamber cylinder 1 is provided on the pressure chamber base 2 corresponding to the upper part of the second annular horizontal flange, and a sealing ring is installed between the convex platform and the pressure chamber cylinder 1; and in order to limit the position of the clamp 4 and avoid the situation that the position offset of the clamp 4 in the vertical direction occurs so that the clamping groove of the clamp 4 cannot be accurately clamped with the two annular horizontal flanges 6, a limit platform is provided on the pressure chamber base 2 corresponding to the lower part of the second annular horizontal flange, and the lower surface of the clamp 4 is attached to the limit platform.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the clamp translation driving mechanism comprises a telescopic actuator 7, the telescopic actuator 7 is horizontally installed on the lower surface of the pressure chamber base 2, the actuating end of the telescopic actuator 7 is fixedly connected with the clamp 4 through a vertical connecting plate 8. Specifically, the telescopic actuator 7 and the clamp 4 are arranged up and down in a vertical plane, the upper end of the vertical connecting plate 8 is connected with the lower surface of the clamp 4, the lower end of the vertical connecting plate 8 is perpendicularly connected with the actuating end of the telescopic actuator 7, and correspondingly, a sliding groove for the vertical connecting plate 8 to translate is provided on the limit platform.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the jacking driving mechanism comprises two jacking actuators 9 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pressure chamber cylinder 1, the jacking actuators 9 are installed vertically; the actuating end of the jacking actuator 9 is fixedly connected with the pressure chamber cylinder 1 through a horizontal connecting plate 10.

[0040] Those skilled in the art should understand that the two lifting actuators 9 need to be controlled by a controller to operate synchronously in order to avoid the situation where the operation is interrupted and the equipment is damaged.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the trolley translation drive mechanism includes a translation actuator 11, which is horizontally mounted; the actuating end of the translation actuator 11 is fixedly connected to the movable trolley 5.

[0042] Specifically, the translation trolley 5 includes a horizontally arranged trolley mounting plate and two train wheels symmetrically installed below the trolley mounting plate, the wheels being in contact with the ground foundation; two translation actuators 11 are provided, the two translation actuators 11 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the trolley mounting plate, the actuating end of the translation actuator 11 is fixedly connected to the trolley mounting plate, and the horizontal movement of the movable trolley 5 is driven by the horizontal movement of the translation actuators 11; those skilled in the art should understand that the two translation actuators 11 need to be controlled by a controller to synchronize their operation in order to avoid the situation where the operation is stuck and the equipment is damaged.

[0043] It should be noted that the loading actuator 15, telescopic actuator 7, lifting actuator 9 and translation actuator 11 in this embodiment can be hydraulic cylinders, electric push rods, pneumatic cylinders and drive devices that can achieve linear actuation, as well as those well known to those skilled in the art; the bodies of the lifting actuator 9 and the translation actuator 11 are both fixedly installed on the fixed frame of this device, which can be understood as a fixed reference object that will not move relative to the ground foundation.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] This embodiment is a further supplement to Embodiment 1, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, a protective cover 12 is also included, which completely covers the pressure chamber cylinder 1, the pressure chamber base 2, and the movable trolley 5; an opening 13 is provided on the top of the protective cover 12 corresponding to the lifting direction of the pressure chamber cylinder 1 for the pressure chamber cylinder 1 to pass through; a door 14 is provided on the side of the protective cover 12 corresponding to the translation direction of the movable trolley 5 for the pressure chamber base 2, the coarse soil sample 3, and the movable trolley 5 to pass through.

[0046] The protective cover 12 is used to isolate the entire test equipment during the test. Since this device has many exposed drive mechanisms, it is necessary to prevent external dust from entering the test environment and affecting the normal operation of the drive mechanisms, and also to prevent operators from accidentally touching the drive mechanisms and causing accidents.

[0047] Furthermore, the door 14 is an electric lifting door, which is also controlled by a controller for opening and closing. Electric lifting doors are existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automated triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil without a reaction frame, comprising a pressure chamber cylinder (1) and a pressure chamber base (2), wherein the lower end of the pressure chamber cylinder (1) is open and correspondingly covers the pressure chamber base (2), an axial loading device is installed above the pressure chamber cylinder (1), and a coarse-grained soil sample (3) is installed on the pressure chamber base (2), characterized in that, The pressure chamber cylinder (1) and the pressure chamber base (2) are limited and fixed by a plurality of clamps (4), each of said clamps (4) is equipped with a clamp translation driving mechanism; a jacking driving mechanism capable of moving the pressure chamber cylinder (1) up and down is connected to the pressure chamber cylinder (1); a movable trolley (5) is fixedly connected below the pressure chamber base (2), and the movable trolley (5) is equipped with a trolley translation driving mechanism.

2. The automated reaction-free triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamp (4) is in a C-shape, a matching annular horizontal flange (6) is provided at the lower end of the pressure chamber cylinder (1) and on the pressure chamber base (2), and the open end of the clamp (4) is clamped with the annular horizontal flange (6); the clamp translation driving mechanism is configured to drive the clamp (4) to move horizontally so as to disengage from or clamp into the annular horizontal flange (6).

3. The automated reaction-free triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plurality of clamps (4) are uniformly arranged along the annular horizontal flange (6).

4. The automated reaction-free triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamp translation driving mechanism comprises a telescopic actuator (7), the telescopic actuator (7) is horizontally installed on the lower surface of the pressure chamber base (2); the actuating end of the telescopic actuator (7) is fixedly connected with the clamp (4) through a vertical connecting plate (8).

5. The automated reaction-free triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jacking driving mechanism comprises two jacking actuators (9) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pressure chamber cylinder (1), the jacking actuators (9) are vertically installed; the actuating end of the jacking actuator (9) is fixedly connected with the pressure chamber cylinder (1) through a horizontal connecting plate (10).

6. The automated reaction-free triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trolley translation driving mechanism comprises a translation actuator (11), the translation actuator (11) is horizontally installed; the actuating end of the translation actuator (11) is fixedly connected with the movable trolley (5).

7. The automated reaction-free triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further comprises a protective cover (12), the protective cover (12) completely encloses the pressure chamber cylinder (1), the pressure chamber base (2) and the movable trolley (5); an opening (13) for the pressure chamber cylinder (1) to pass through is provided above the protective cover (12) corresponding to the lifting direction of the pressure chamber cylinder (1); a door (14) for the pressure chamber base (2), the coarse-grained soil specimen (3) and the movable trolley (5) to pass through is provided on the protective cover (12) corresponding to the translation direction of the movable trolley (5).

8. The automated reaction-free triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil according to claim 7, characterized in that, The door (14) is an electric lifting door.

9. The automated reaction-free triaxial testing device for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial loading device comprises a loading actuator (15), the loading actuator (15) is vertically installed above the pressure chamber cylinder (1), and the actuating direction of the loading actuator (15) is consistent with the axial direction of the pressure chamber cylinder (1); the actuating end of the loading actuator (15) penetrates the pressure chamber cylinder (1) and acts on the coarse-grained soil specimen (3).

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