A 12V BMS battery management system

Abstract

A kind of 12V BMS battery management system, including power module, microcontroller, heating control module, temperature acquisition module, pre-discharge control module and current acquisition module, the power module is connected with the microcontroller to power the microcontroller, the microcontroller is connected with the heating control module, temperature acquisition module and pre-discharge control module respectively, AFE chip is arranged between the microcontroller and the battery to be monitored, and the current acquisition module is arranged between the AFE chip and the microcontroller.By integrating microcontroller, AFE chip and each functional module, the performance of battery can be effectively monitored and feedbacked in time to improve the performance of battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery management, specifically a 12VBMS battery management system. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread adoption of lithium batteries, many applications of lead-acid batteries are gradually being replaced by lithium batteries. Lithium battery applications require a Battery Management System (BMS) for management. Traditional 12V BMS systems are either feature-rich but costly, or feature-limited and lack a comprehensive management mechanism. Current 12V BMS systems lack short-circuit detection and protection mechanisms, or have slow short-circuit detection response, no pre-discharge safety mechanisms, weak human-machine interface capabilities, and cannot guarantee battery performance in low-temperature environments, making it difficult to meet the market demands for high safety, low cost, and intelligence. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a 12VBMS battery management system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a 12VBMS battery management system, including a power module, a microcontroller, a heating control module, a temperature acquisition module, a pre-discharge control module, and a current acquisition module. The power module is connected to the microcontroller to supply power to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is connected to the heating control module, the temperature acquisition module, and the pre-discharge control module respectively. An AFE chip is provided between the microcontroller and the battery to be monitored. The current acquisition module is located between the AFE chip and the microcontroller.

[0005] In one possible implementation, the microcontroller is also connected to a transmission module and a display module.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the heating control module includes an isolation optocoupler op2. The first pin of the isolation optocoupler op2 is connected to a resistor R51, the second pin is connected to a capacitor C47 and a diode D11 connected in parallel, the third pin is connected to a Zener diode Z3, a resistor R49 and a capacitor C48 connected in parallel, and the fourth pin is connected to a diode D10 and a resistor R84 connected in series.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the current acquisition module includes a first amplifier U5 and a second amplifier U6. The output terminal of the second amplifier U6 is connected to a resistor R69, which is connected to the positive input pin of the first amplifier U5. A capacitor C53 is provided between the VCC pin and the GND pin of the second amplifier U6. A resistor R74 is provided between the positive input pin and the ground pin of the second amplifier U6. Resistors R35 and R71 are provided between the negative input pin and the ground pin of the second amplifier U6. The output pin of the first amplifier U5 is connected to a resistor R68, a resistor R72, and a capacitor C52, with the resistor R72 and the capacitor C52 connected in parallel.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the pre-amplification control module includes a transistor M2, the three pins of which are respectively connected to a group of ten parallel resistors, a resistor R42, and a Zener diode Z7, which is connected in parallel with a resistor R41.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the temperature acquisition module includes four NTC acquisition circuits, wherein the first NTC acquisition circuit includes a resistor R29, a resistor R31, and a capacitor C21 connected in series; the second NTC acquisition circuit includes a resistor R33, a resistor R34, and a capacitor C22 connected in series; the third NTC acquisition circuit includes a resistor R30, a resistor R32, and a capacitor C23, wherein the resistor R30 and the resistor R32 are connected in series, and the capacitor C23 and the resistor R32 are connected in parallel; and the fourth NTC acquisition circuit includes a resistor R37, a resistor R36, and a capacitor C24, wherein the resistor R37 and the resistor R36 are connected in series, and the capacitor C24 and the resistor R36 are connected in parallel.

[0010] Based on the same inventive concept, in a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery system, including the battery management system as described in the first aspect.

[0011] Based on the same inventive concept, in a third aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device including a battery system as described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: By integrating a microcontroller, AFE chip, and various functional modules, it is possible to effectively monitor battery short circuits, temperature changes, etc., and provide timely feedback to improve battery performance. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the heating control module of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the current acquisition module of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the pre-play control module of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the temperature acquisition module of this utility model; Detailed Implementation

[0014] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model in order to achieve the intended utility model purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structure, features and effects of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, a 12VBMS battery management system includes a power module 60, a microcontroller 10, a heating control module 20, a temperature acquisition module 50, a pre-discharge control module 40, and a current acquisition module 30. The power module 60 is connected to the microcontroller 10 and supplies power to the microcontroller 10. The microcontroller 10 is sequentially connected to the heating control module 20, the temperature acquisition module 50, and the pre-discharge control module 40. An AFE chip 70 is provided between the microcontroller 10 and the battery 100 to be monitored. The current acquisition module 30 is located between the AFE chip 70 and the microcontroller 10. The microcontroller 10 is also connected to a transmission module 90 and a display module 80. The transmission module 90 can use Bluetooth and supports remote monitoring and parameter setting via a mobile APP. The display module 80 can use an LCD screen. The LCD screen displays SOC, voltage, current, charge / discharge status, and fault codes; the BMS can be turned on and off and the screen can be woken from sleep mode via physical buttons. The AFE chip (SH367303) can detect voltage and current, reducing the hardware cost of peripheral components. The microcontroller uses a single-chip MCU (N32WB031) that integrates an ADC, comparator, and Bluetooth protocol stack, reducing the need for external components.

[0016] The specific structure of each module is explained below, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the heating control module 20 includes an isolation optocoupler op2. The first pin of the isolation optocoupler op2 is connected to a resistor R51, the second pin is connected to a capacitor C47 and a diode D11 connected in parallel, the third pin is connected to a Zener diode Z3, a resistor R49 and a capacitor C48 connected in parallel, and the fourth pin is connected to a diode D10 and a resistor R84 connected in series.

[0017] like Figure 3As shown, the current acquisition module 30 includes a first amplifier U5 and a second amplifier U6. The output terminal of the second amplifier U6 is connected to a resistor R69, which is connected to the positive input pin of the first amplifier U5. A capacitor C53 is provided between the VCC pin and the GND pin of the second amplifier U6. A resistor R74 is provided between the positive input pin and the ground pin of the second amplifier U6. Resistors R35 and R71 are provided between the negative input pin and the ground pin of the second amplifier U6. The output pin of the first amplifier U5 is connected to resistors R68 and R72, and capacitor C52. Resistor R72 and capacitor C52 are connected in parallel. The first amplifier U5 and the second amplifier U6 constitute a differential amplifier circuit for high-precision acquisition of the current signal output by the AFE chip.

[0018] like Figure 4 As shown, the pre-amplification control module 40 includes a transistor M2. The three pins of the transistor M2 are respectively connected to a group of ten parallel resistors, a resistor R42, and a Zener diode Z7. The Zener diode Z7 is connected in parallel with the resistor R41.

[0019] like Figure 5 As shown, the temperature acquisition module 50 includes a first NTC acquisition circuit 51, a second NTC acquisition circuit 52, a third NTC acquisition circuit 53, and a fourth NTC acquisition circuit 54 connected in parallel. The first NTC acquisition circuit includes resistors R29 and R31 and capacitor C21 connected in series; the second NTC acquisition circuit includes resistors R33 and R34 and capacitor C22 connected in series; the third NTC acquisition circuit includes resistors R30 and R32 and capacitor C23, with R30 and R32 connected in series and C23 connected in parallel with R32; the fourth NTC acquisition circuit includes resistors R37 and R36 and capacitor C24, with R37 and R36 connected in series and C24 connected in parallel with R36.

[0020] Through the coordinated protection of various modules, the battery management system can effectively protect against overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, low temperature, short circuit, and open circuit. Furthermore, integrated design reduces the number of components, modular production improves yield, and overall costs are reduced.

[0021] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a battery system including the aforementioned 12VBMS battery management system. It is understood that the battery system has the beneficial effects of the 12VBMS battery management system provided in this application embodiment; for details, please refer to the specific descriptions of the 12VBMS battery management system in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0022] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an electrical device. The electrical device includes the aforementioned battery system. It is understood that the electrical device has the beneficial effects of the battery management system provided in the embodiments of this application. For details, please refer to the specific descriptions of the 12VBMS battery management system in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", "left and right", "front and back", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0024] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," "connection," "fixing," "screw connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any indirect modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A 12VBMS battery management system, characterized in that, It includes a power supply module, a microcontroller, a heating control module, a temperature acquisition module, a pre-discharge control module, and a current acquisition module. The power supply module is connected to the microcontroller to supply power to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is connected to the heating control module, the temperature acquisition module, and the pre-discharge control module respectively. An AFE chip is provided between the microcontroller and the battery to be monitored. The current acquisition module is located between the AFE chip and the microcontroller.

2. The 12VBMS battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller is also connected to a transmission module and a display module.

3. The 12VBMS battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating control module includes an isolation optocoupler op2. The first pin of the isolation optocoupler op2 is connected to a resistor R51, the second pin is connected to a capacitor C47 and a diode D11 connected in parallel, the third pin is connected to a Zener diode Z3, a resistor R49 and a capacitor C48 connected in parallel, and the fourth pin is connected to a diode D10 and a resistor R84 connected in series.

4. The 12VBMS battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current acquisition module includes a first amplifier U5 and a second amplifier U6. The output terminal of the second amplifier U6 is connected to a resistor R69, which is connected to the positive input pin of the first amplifier U5. A capacitor C53 is provided between the VCC pin and the GND pin of the second amplifier U6. A resistor R74 is provided between the positive input pin and the ground pin of the second amplifier U6. A resistor R35 and a resistor R71 are provided between the negative input pin and the ground pin of the second amplifier U6. The output pin of the first amplifier U5 is connected to a resistor R68, a resistor R72, and a capacitor C52. The resistor R72 and the capacitor C52 are connected in parallel.

5. The 12VBMS battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The pre-amplification control module includes a transistor M2, whose three pins are respectively connected to a group of ten parallel resistors, a resistor R42, and a Zener diode Z7. The Zener diode Z7 is connected in parallel with the resistor R41.

6. The 12VBMS battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature acquisition module includes a first NTC acquisition circuit, a second NTC acquisition circuit, a third NTC acquisition circuit, and a fourth NTC acquisition circuit connected in parallel. The first NTC acquisition circuit includes resistors R29 and R31 and capacitor C21 connected in series. The second NTC acquisition circuit includes resistors R33 and R34 and capacitor C22 connected in series. The third NTC acquisition circuit includes resistors R30 and R32 and capacitor C23, with R30 and R32 connected in series and C23 connected in parallel with R32. The fourth NTC acquisition circuit includes resistors R37 and R36 and capacitor C24, with R37 and R36 connected in series and C24 connected in parallel with R36.

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