Power supply control circuit and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a power supply control circuit and a vehicle. The circuit comprises a first power supply branch and a second power supply branch, the first power supply branch is configured to supply power to a first load based on a first power supply, and the second power supply branch is configured to supply power to a second load based on a second power supply; the circuit further comprises a power supply switching module, which is electrically connected with the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch. The power supply control circuit in the application embodiment can switch the power supply branch with the power supply not failing to the load when the corresponding power supply fails, so that the power supply with no failure can replace the power supply with failure to continuously supply power to the load, and the voltage change of the power supply with failure or abnormality can be avoided to cause negative influence on the working state of the whole vehicle, so that the working state of the load can be continuously ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle power supply technology, specifically to a power supply control circuit and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles, the reliability requirements for the power supply of various important electrical units in vehicles are becoming increasingly stringent. To ensure the reliability of the power supply to these units, current technologies generally employ redundant design in the power supply circuit, using multiple power supply lines to simultaneously supply power to the same unit. However, in certain situations, when the power supply fails, the sudden voltage fluctuations caused by the fault may damage the operating state of various components within the unit, thereby negatively impacting the vehicle's overall performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a power supply control circuit and a vehicle.

[0004] The power supply control circuit involved in the embodiments of this application includes a first power supply branch and a second power supply branch. The first power supply branch is configured to supply power to a first load based on a first power source, and the second power supply branch is configured to supply power to a second load based on a second power source.

[0005] The circuit also includes a power supply switching module, which is electrically connected to the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch respectively. The power supply switching module is configured to control the second power supply branch to supply power to the first load based on the second power supply or to control the first power supply branch to supply power to the second load based on the first power supply in the event of a failure of the first power supply or the second power supply.

[0006] Thus, in this embodiment of the power supply control circuit, through the setting of the power supply switching module, when the power supply that supplies power to the corresponding load fails, the power supply switching module switches the working state to connect the power supply branch where the power supply that has not failed to the load, thereby switching to the power supply that has not failed to continuously supply power to the load instead of the power supply that has failed. In other words, the power supply that has not failed to fail to the load achieves the effect of one power supply to multiple loads. While ensuring that the power supply to the load is continuously supplied as much as possible to maintain the working state of the load, the voltage changes of the power supply that has failed or is abnormal have been negatively affected by the overall working state of the vehicle.

[0007] In some embodiments, the power supply switching module includes a first switching sub-circuit and a first control sub-circuit. The first switching sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor. The gate of the first switching transistor is connected to the gate of the second switching transistor and the output terminal of the first control sub-circuit. The source of the first switching transistor is connected to the source of the second switching transistor. The drain of the first switching transistor is connected to the first power supply branch, and the drain of the second switching transistor is connected to the second power supply branch.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first control sub-circuit includes a voltage adaptive protector, which includes a first diode, a second diode, and a third diode;

[0009] The anode of the first diode is connected to the first power supply, the anode of the second diode is connected to the second power supply, and the cathodes of the third diode, the first diode, and the second diode are connected to the output terminal of the voltage adaptive protector. The anode of the third diode is used for grounding.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first control sub-circuit further includes a first bootstrap booster, which includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor, wherein the first transistor is NPN type and the second transistor is PNP type.

[0011] The first end of the first resistor is connected to the signal port of the preset control device. The second end of the first resistor is connected to the base of the first transistor. The emitter of the first transistor is grounded. The collector of the first transistor is connected to the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the third resistor, and the first end of the first capacitor. The second end of the second resistor and the emitter of the second transistor are connected to the output terminal of the voltage adaptive protector. The base of the second transistor is connected to the second end of the third resistor. The collector of the second transistor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor and the anode of the fourth diode. The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the second end of the first capacitor and the anode of the fifth diode. The cathode of the fifth diode and the first end of the third capacitor are connected to the output terminal of the first control sub-circuit. The second ends of the second capacitor and the second ends of the third capacitor are grounded.

[0012] Thus, this application provides a specific circuit structure for the power supply switching module.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first power supply branch includes a first power control module and a first power supply switch module. A first end of the first power control module is connected to the first power source, a second end of the first power control module is connected to the power supply switching module and the first end of the first power supply switch module, and a second end of the second power supply switch module is connected to the first load.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first power control module includes a second switching sub-circuit and a second control sub-circuit. The second switching sub-circuit includes a third switching transistor. The gate of the third switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the second control sub-circuit, the source of the third switching transistor is connected to the first power supply, and the drain of the third switching transistor is connected to the power supply switching module and the first terminal of the first power supply switching module.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second control sub-circuit includes a second bootstrap booster, which includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a third transistor, a sixth diode, and a seventh diode, wherein the third transistor is an NPN type.

[0016] The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the signal port of the preset control device. The second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the base of the third transistor. The emitter of the third transistor is grounded. The collector of the third transistor is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor and the first end of the fourth capacitor. The second end of the fifth resistor and the anode of the third diode are connected to the first power supply. The second end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the third diode and the anode of the sixth diode. The cathode of the sixth diode is connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor and the output terminal of the second control sub-circuit. The second end of the fifth capacitor is grounded.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second control sub-circuit further includes a first voltage detector, which includes a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, an eighth diode, and a sixth capacitor;

[0018] The anode of the eighth diode is connected to the output terminal of the second control sub-circuit, the cathode of the eighth diode is connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor, the second terminal of the sixth resistor is connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor and the first terminal of the eighth resistor, the second terminal of the seventh resistor and the first terminal of the sixth capacitor are connected together to the voltage detection port of the preset control device, and the second terminal of the sixth capacitor and the second terminal of the eighth resistor are used for grounding.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second control sub-circuit further includes a first reverse connection protection device, which includes a fourth transistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, and a ninth diode, wherein the fourth transistor is an NPN type.

[0020] The first end of the ninth resistor is grounded, the second end of the ninth resistor is connected to the first end of the tenth resistor and the base of the fourth transistor, the collector of the fourth transistor is connected to the output of the second control sub-circuit, the emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to the second end of the tenth resistor and the anode of the ninth diode, and the cathode of the ninth diode is connected to the base bias power supply of the fourth transistor.

[0021] Thus, this application provides a specific circuit structure for the first power control module.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first power supply switching module includes a third switching sub-circuit and a third control sub-circuit. The third switching sub-circuit includes a fourth switching transistor. The gate of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the third control sub-circuit, the source of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the first load, and the drain of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the power supply switching module and the first power control module.

[0023] In some embodiments, the third control subcircuit includes a voltage adaptive protector, which includes a first diode, a second diode, and a third diode;

[0024] The anode of the first diode is connected to the first power supply, the anode of the second diode is connected to the second power supply, and the cathodes of the third diode, the first diode, and the second diode are connected to the output terminal of the voltage adaptive protector. The anode of the third diode is used for grounding.

[0025] In some embodiments, the third control sub-circuit further includes a third bootstrap booster, which includes a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a tenth diode, an eleventh diode, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, and a ninth capacitor, wherein the fifth transistor is NPN type and the sixth transistor is PNP type.

[0026] The first end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the signal port of the preset control device. The second end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the base of the fifth transistor. The emitter of the fifth transistor is grounded. The collector of the fifth transistor is connected to the first end of the twelfth resistor, the first end of the thirteenth resistor, and the first end of the seventh capacitor. The second end of the twelfth resistor and the emitter of the sixth transistor are connected to the output terminal of the voltage adaptive protector. The base of the sixth transistor is connected to the second end of the thirteenth resistor. The collector of the sixth transistor is connected to the first end of the eighth capacitor and the anode of the tenth diode. The cathode of the tenth diode is connected to the second end of the seventh capacitor and the anode of the eleventh diode. The cathode of the eleventh diode, the first end of the ninth capacitor, and the first end of the fourteenth resistor are connected to the output terminal of the third control sub-circuit. The second ends of the eighth capacitor, the ninth capacitor, and the fourteenth resistor are grounded.

[0027] Thus, this application also provides the specific circuit structure of the first power supply switch module.

[0028] In some embodiments, the second power supply branch includes a second power control module and a second power supply switch module. The first end of the second power control module is connected to the second power source, the second end of the second power control module is connected to the power supply switching module and the first end of the second power supply switch module, and the second end of the second power supply switch module is connected to the second load.

[0029] In some embodiments, the second power control module includes a fourth switching sub-circuit and a fourth control sub-circuit. The fourth switching sub-circuit includes a fifth switching transistor. The gate of the fifth switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the fourth control sub-circuit, the source of the fifth switching transistor is connected to the second power supply, and the drain of the fifth switching transistor is connected to the power supply switching module and the first terminal of the second power supply switching module.

[0030] In some embodiments, the fourth control sub-circuit includes a fourth bootstrap booster, which includes a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a tenth capacitor, an eleventh capacitor, a seventh transistor, a twelfth diode, and a thirteenth diode, wherein the seventh transistor is an NPN type.

[0031] The first end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to the signal port of the preset control device. The second end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to the base of the seventh transistor. The emitter of the seventh transistor is grounded. The collector of the seventh transistor is connected to the first end of the sixteenth resistor and the first end of the tenth capacitor. The second end of the sixteenth resistor and the anode of the twelfth diode are connected to the second power supply. The second end of the tenth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the twelfth diode and the anode of the thirteenth diode. The cathode of the thirteenth diode is connected to the first end of the eleventh capacitor and the output terminal of the fourth control sub-circuit. The second end of the eleventh capacitor is grounded.

[0032] In some embodiments, the fourth control subcircuit further includes a second voltage detector, which includes a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor, a nineteenth resistor, a fourteenth diode, and a twelfth capacitor;

[0033] The anode of the fourteenth diode is connected to the output terminal of the fourth control sub-circuit, the cathode of the fourteenth diode is connected to the first terminal of the seventeenth resistor, the second terminal of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the first terminal of the eighteenth resistor and the first terminal of the nineteenth resistor, the second terminal of the eighteenth resistor and the first terminal of the twelfth capacitor are connected together to the voltage detection port of the preset control device, and the second terminal of the twelfth capacitor and the second terminal of the nineteenth resistor are used for grounding.

[0034] In some embodiments, the fourth control sub-circuit further includes a second reverse connection protection device, which includes an eighth transistor, a twentieth resistor, a twenty-first resistor, and a fifteenth diode, wherein the eighth transistor is an NPN type.

[0035] The first end of the twentieth resistor is grounded, the second end of the twentieth resistor is connected to the first end of the twentieth eleventh resistor and the base of the eighth transistor, the collector of the eighth transistor is connected to the output of the fourth control sub-circuit, the emitter of the eighth transistor is connected to the second end of the twentieth eleventh resistor and the anode of the fifteenth diode, and the cathode of the fifteenth diode is connected to the base bias power supply of the eighth transistor.

[0036] In some embodiments, the second power supply switching module includes a fifth switching sub-circuit and a fifth control sub-circuit. The fifth switching sub-circuit includes a sixth switching transistor. The gate of the sixth switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the fifth control sub-circuit, the source of the sixth switching transistor is connected to the second load, and the drain of the sixth switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the power supply switching module and the second power control module.

[0037] Thus, this application provides a specific circuit structure for the second power control module.

[0038] In some embodiments, the fifth control sub-circuit includes a voltage adaptive protector, which includes a first diode, a second diode, and a third diode;

[0039] The anode of the first diode is connected to the first power supply, the anode of the second diode is connected to the second power supply, and the cathodes of the third diode, the first diode, and the second diode are connected to the output terminal of the voltage adaptive protector. The anode of the third diode is used for grounding.

[0040] In some embodiments, the fifth control sub-circuit further includes a fifth bootstrap booster, which includes a ninth transistor, a thirteenth transistor, a sixteenth diode, a seventeenth diode, a twenty-second resistor, a twenty-third resistor, a twenty-fourth resistor, a twenty-fifth resistor, a thirteenth capacitor, a fourteenth capacitor, and a fifteenth capacitor, wherein the ninth transistor is NPN type and the thirteenth transistor is PNP type.

[0041] The first end of the 22nd resistor is connected to the signal port of the preset control device. The second end of the 22nd resistor is connected to the base of the 9th transistor. The emitter of the 9th transistor is grounded. The collector of the 9th transistor is connected to the first end of the 23rd resistor, the first end of the 24th resistor, and the first end of the 13th capacitor. The second end of the 23rd resistor and the emitter of the 13th transistor are connected to the output of the voltage adaptive protector. The base of the 13th transistor is connected to the second end of the 24th resistor. The collector of the 13th transistor is connected to the first end of the 14th capacitor and the anode of the 16th diode. The cathode of the 16th diode is connected to the second end of the 13th capacitor and the anode of the 17th diode. The cathode of the 17th diode, the first end of the 15th capacitor, and the first end of the 25th resistor are connected to the output of the fifth control sub-circuit. The second ends of the 14th capacitor, the 15th capacitor, and the 25th resistor are grounded.

[0042] Thus, this application also provides the specific circuit structure of the second power supply switch module.

[0043] The vehicle in this application includes the power supply control circuit described in the above embodiments.

[0044] Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0045] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the power supply control circuit in the embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 2 This is one of the circuit structure diagrams of the power supply control circuit in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the power supply control circuit in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 4 This is the third schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the power supply control circuit in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 5 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the power supply control circuit in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 6 This is the fifth schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the power supply control circuit in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 7 This is the sixth schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the power supply control circuit in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 8 This is the seventh schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the power supply control circuit in the embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the operating logic of the power supply control circuit in the embodiment of this application.

[0055] Wherein: 101, First power supply; 11, First power supply branch; 111, First power supply control module; 112, First power supply switch module; 141, First load; 102, Second power supply; 12, Second power supply branch; 121, Second power supply control module; 122, Second power supply switch module; 142, Second load; 13, Power supply switching module; Q1, First switch transistor; Q2, Second switch transistor; Q3, Third switch transistor; Q4, Fourth switch transistor; Q5, Fifth switch transistor; Q6, Sixth switch transistor; control-1, Output terminal of the first control subcircuit; control-2, Output terminal of the second control subcircuit; control-3, Output terminal of the third control subcircuit. Terminals: control-4, output terminal of the fourth control sub-circuit; control-5, output terminal of the fifth control sub-circuit; RL1, first load; RL2, second load; D1, first diode; D2, second diode; D3, third diode; VBATP, output terminal of the voltage adaptive protector; R1, first resistor; R2, second resistor; R3, third resistor; T1, first transistor; T2, second transistor; C1, first capacitor; C2, second capacitor; C3, third capacitor; D4, fourth diode; D5, fifth diode; R4, fourth resistor; R5, fifth resistor; R6, sixth resistor; R7, seventh resistor; R8, eighth resistor; R9, ninth resistor. R10, 10th resistor; T3, 3rd transistor; T4, 4th transistor; C4, 4th capacitor; C5, 5th capacitor; C6, 6th capacitor; D6, 6th diode; D7, 7th diode; D8, 8th diode; D9, 9th diode; UBB, base bias power supply; R11, 11th resistor; R12, 12th resistor; R13, 13th resistor; R14, 14th resistor; T5, 5th transistor; T6, 6th transistor; C7, 7th capacitor; C8, 8th capacitor; C9, 9th capacitor; D10, 10th diode; D11, 11th diode; R15, 15th resistor; R16, 16th resistor; R17, 17th resistor; R18, 18th resistor Resistors; R19, nineteenth resistor; R20, twentieth resistor; R21, twenty-first resistor; T7, seventh transistor; T8, eighth transistor; C10, tenth capacitor; C11, eleventh capacitor; C12, twelfth capacitor; D12, twelfth diode; D13, thirteenth diode; D14, fourteenth diode; D15, fifteenth diode; R22, twenty-second resistor; R23, twenty-third resistor; R24, twenty-fourth resistor; R25, twenty-fifth resistor; T9, ninth transistor; T10, thirteenth transistor; C13, thirteenth capacitor; C14, fourteenth capacitor; C15, fifteenth capacitor; D16, sixteenth diode; D17, seventeenth diode. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the embodiments of this application, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0057] Please see Figure 1 The power supply control circuit in this application embodiment includes a first power supply branch 11 and a second power supply branch 12. The first power supply branch 11 is configured to supply power to the first load 141 based on the first power supply 101, and the second power supply branch 12 is configured to supply power to the second load 142 based on the second power supply 102.

[0058] The circuit also includes a power supply switching module 13, which is electrically connected to the first power supply branch 11 and the second power supply branch 12 respectively. The power supply switching module 13 is configured to control the second power supply branch 12 to supply power to the first load 141 based on the second power supply 102 or to control the first power supply branch 11 to supply power to the second load 142 based on the first power supply 101 in the event of a failure of the first power supply 101 or the second power supply 102.

[0059] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The modular structure of the power supply control circuit in an embodiment of this application is shown. In the embodiments described below, the power supply control circuit has two power supply branches. In practical applications, the connection structure of the power supply control circuit and the composition of its components can be flexibly adjusted according to the number of power supply branches. Figure 1 In the power supply control circuit shown, the first power supply branch 11 draws power from the first power source 101 to supply power to the first load 141, and the second power supply branch 12 draws power from the second power source 102 to supply power to the second load 142. It should be noted that the first load 141 and the second load 142 may correspond to different power consumption units, or they may be different power consumption parts in the same power consumption unit.

[0060] The power supply switching module 13 is connected between the first power supply branch 11 and the second power supply branch 12. When both the first power supply 101 and the second power supply 102 are normal, the power supply switching module 13 is generally in the off state to ensure that there is no cross-current between the first power supply branch 11 and the second power supply branch 12, so as to maintain the power supply relationship between the corresponding power supply and the corresponding load and ensure the correctness of the power supply process. However, when either the first power supply 101 or the second power supply 102 experiences an open circuit or short circuit to ground, the power supply switching module 13 will change its own working state to connect the first power supply branch 11 and the second power supply branch 12, thereby realizing a "one-to-two" power supply mode in which the power supply that is not faulty supplies power to both loads at the same time. This is to keep the power consumption unit corresponding to the load in a normal working state or in a degraded limp working state as much as possible, thereby avoiding the sudden power loss of the power consumption unit due to power failure, and thus protecting the working state of the power consumption unit itself and the vehicle as a whole.

[0061] For example, when the first power supply 101 fails, the power supply switching module 13 switches its own working state to connect the second power supply 102 with the first load 141, so that the second power supply 102 supplies power to both the first load 141 and the second load 142 at the same time, thereby keeping the electrical units corresponding to the first load 141 and the second load 142 in normal working state or in degraded limp working state as much as possible, thereby protecting the electrical units corresponding to the first load 141 and the second load 142 and the overall working state of the vehicle.

[0062] Furthermore, the first power supply branch 11 generally includes two parts: a first power control module 111 and a first power supply switch module 112. The main function of the first power control module 111 is to control whether the first power supply 101 is connected to the first power supply branch 11 to supply power to the first load 141, while the main function of the first power supply switch module 112 is to control whether the first load 141 is connected to the first power supply branch 11 to draw power from the first power supply 101. Similarly, the second power supply branch 12 generally includes two parts: a second power control module 121 and a second power supply switch module 122. The main function of the second power control module 121 is to control whether the second power supply 102 is connected to the second power supply branch 12 to supply power to the second load 142, while the main function of the second power supply switch module 122 is to control whether the second load 142 is connected to the second power supply branch 12 to draw power from the second power supply 102.

[0063] Thus, in this embodiment of the power supply control circuit, through the setting of the power supply switching module, when the power supply that supplies power to the corresponding load fails, the power supply switching module switches the working state to connect the power supply branch where the power supply that has not failed to the load, thereby switching to the power supply that has not failed to continuously supply power to the load instead of the power supply that has failed. In other words, the power supply that has not failed to fail to the load achieves the effect of one power supply to multiple loads. While ensuring that the power supply to the load is continuously supplied as much as possible to maintain the working state of the load, the voltage changes of the power supply that has failed or is abnormal have been negatively affected by the overall working state of the vehicle.

[0064] The circuit structure of the power supply control circuit will be described next. For ease of description, in the following embodiments, the first power supply 101 corresponds to power supply VDD, the second power supply 102 corresponds to power supply VCC, the first load 141 corresponds to RL1, and the second load 142 corresponds to RL2.

[0065] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the power supply switching module includes a first switching sub-circuit and a first control sub-circuit. The first switching sub-circuit includes a first switching transistor Q1 and a second switching transistor Q2. The gate of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the gate of the second switching transistor Q2 and the output terminal control-1 of the first control sub-circuit. The source of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the source of the second switching transistor Q2. The drain of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the first power supply branch, and the drain of the second switching transistor Q2 is connected to the second power supply branch.

[0066] Please see Figure 3 In some implementations, the first control sub-circuit includes a voltage adaptive protector, which includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a third diode D3.

[0067] The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first power supply, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second power supply, the cathode of the third diode D3, the cathode of the first diode D1, and the cathode of the second diode D2 are connected to the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector, and the anode of the third diode D3 is used for grounding.

[0068] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the first control sub-circuit further includes a first bootstrap voltage booster, which includes a first transistor T1, a second transistor T2, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a third capacitor C3, wherein the first transistor T1 is NPN type and the second transistor T2 is PNP type;

[0069] The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the signal port of the preset controller. The second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the base of the first transistor T1. The emitter of the first transistor T1 is grounded. The collector of the first transistor T1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, the first end of the third resistor R3, and the first end of the first capacitor C1. The second end of the second resistor R2 and the emitter of the second transistor T2 are connected to the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. The base of the second transistor T2 is connected to the second end of the third resistor R3. The collector of the second transistor T2 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2 and the anode of the fourth diode D4. The cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the second end of the first capacitor C1 and the anode of the fifth diode D5. The cathode of the fifth diode D5 and the first end of the third capacitor C3 are connected to the output terminal control-1 of the first control sub-circuit. The second ends of the second capacitor C2 and the second ends of the third capacitor C3 are grounded.

[0070] Specifically, the above embodiments disclose the specific circuit structure of the power supply switching module. Further explanation of the above structure follows.

[0071] Please refer to the following first. Figure 2 The first switching sub-circuit consists of a first switching transistor Q1 and a second switching transistor Q2 arranged back-to-back. Generally, the first switching transistor Q1 and the second switching transistor Q2 can be NMOS transistors or PMOS transistors. The purpose of arranging two sets of switching transistors back-to-back is twofold: firstly, when both are on, they can achieve bidirectional conduction, thus providing the circuit structure basis for the first power supply to achieve a "one-to-two" or second power supply to achieve a "one-to-two" configuration; secondly, when both are off, they can achieve cutoff in both current directions, thereby avoiding cross-current leakage between the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch.

[0072] Secondly, please refer to Figure 3 For the voltage adaptive protector, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are reverse-connection protection diodes, capable of converting the electrical energy drawn from the corresponding power supply into DC current and supplying power to the first bootstrap transformer. The third diode D3 is generally a transient voltage control diode (i.e., a TVS diode), whose main function is to absorb and clamp transient high voltages on the first and second power supplies. In this way, the voltage adaptive protector can, on the one hand, ensure that it can draw normal voltage from the unaffected power supply to power the first bootstrap transformer when either VCC or VDD fails, and on the other hand, it can control transient high voltages supplied to the first bootstrap transformer, preventing transient high voltages from negatively impacting the first bootstrap transformer.

[0073] Please see again. Figure 4The first terminal of the first resistor R1 in the first bootstrap voltage booster is generally connected to the signal port of a preset controller, which typically acts as the vehicle's controller. The controller sends the corresponding first control signal PWM1 to the first bootstrap voltage booster through the signal port. Based on this, the operating logic of the first bootstrap voltage booster is as follows:

[0074] In the initial state, there is no signal input at the first terminal of the first resistor R1, which is in a low-level signal state by default. At this time, there is no voltage difference between the base and emitter of the first transistor T1, and no current flows through it. Its collector and emitter are in the off state. Similarly, there is no voltage difference between the emitter and base of the second transistor T2, and no current flows through it. Its collector and emitter are also in the off state. At this time, the voltage at the output terminal control-1 of the first control sub-circuit is 0 due to grounding. The first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 connected to the output terminal control-1 of the first control sub-circuit are both in the off state.

[0075] When the vehicle detects that both VDD and VCC voltages are normal, the preset controller maintains a state of no signal input to the first bootstrap voltage booster, thereby keeping the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 continuously off, and thus maintaining normal power supply to the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch.

[0076] When the vehicle detects that only one of the VDD or VCC voltages is normal while the other is faulty, the preset control device begins to send a first control signal PWM1 to the first bootstrap voltage converter. The level of the first control signal PWM1 changes periodically. When the first control signal PWM1 is high, there is a voltage difference between the base and emitter of the first transistor T1, forming a current path through the first resistor R1. The collector and emitter of the first transistor T1 are connected, and the on-state voltage drop is almost 0V. Therefore, the voltage at the first terminal of the third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1 can be considered as 0V. Based on this, the emitter and collector of the second transistor T2 are connected, and the on-state voltage drop is almost 0V. The second capacitor C2 is a filter capacitor used to filter out high-frequency interference signals from the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. Let the voltage drop of the fourth diode D4 be U, and let VBATP directly represent the voltage at the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. Then the voltage at the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is VBATP - U.

[0077] Furthermore, when the first control signal PWM1 is low, there is no voltage difference between the base and emitter of the first transistor T1, and its collector and emitter are turned off. Therefore, the voltage at the first terminal of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the first capacitor C1 is equal to the voltage at the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. Thus, there is no voltage difference between the emitter and base of the second transistor T2, and its collector and emitter are turned off. Since the voltage drop across the first capacitor C1 cannot change abruptly and should remain at VBATP-U, the voltage at the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is 2VBATP-U at this time.

[0078] Therefore, in summary, the voltage at the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is a voltage signal that varies between (VBATP-U) and (2VBATP-U) as the frequency and duty cycle of the first control signal PWM1 change. This changing voltage signal charges the third capacitor C3 through the fifth diode D5, causing the voltage at the first terminal of the third capacitor C3 to gradually increase from 0V. When the fifth diode D5 and the fourth diode D4 are exactly the same, the voltage at the first terminal of the third capacitor C3 can eventually be stably boosted to 2VBATP-2U. If we assume that the current VBATP is equal to VDD, then the voltage at the first terminal of the third capacitor C3 can be stably boosted to 2VDD-2U, which is equal to the voltage at the output terminal control-1 of the first control sub-circuit. The gates of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are connected to the output terminal control-1 of the first control sub-circuit. When the voltage at the output terminal control-1 of the first control sub-circuit rises to the Miller plateau voltage of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2, the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 will be fully turned on. At this time, the first switching sub-circuit is in the conducting state, thereby realizing the effect of "one-to-two" power supply for the two loads by the power supply without fault.

[0079] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the first power supply branch includes a first power control module and a first power supply switch module. The first end of the first power control module is connected to a first power source, the second end of the first power control module is connected to a power supply switching module and the first end of the first power supply switch module, and the second end of the second power supply switch module is connected to a first load RL1.

[0080] Please continue reading Figure 2 and Figure 5 The first power control module includes a second switching sub-circuit and a second control sub-circuit. The second switching sub-circuit includes a third switching transistor Q3. The gate of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to the output terminal control-2 of the second control sub-circuit. The source of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first power supply. The drain of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to the power supply switching module and the first terminal of the first power supply switching module.

[0081] Please see Figure 5 In some embodiments, the second control sub-circuit includes a second bootstrap booster, which includes a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a third transistor T3, a sixth diode D6, and a seventh diode D7, wherein the third transistor T3 is an NPN type.

[0082] The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the signal port of the preset controller. The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the base of the third transistor T3. The emitter of the third transistor T3 is grounded. The collector of the third transistor T3 is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R5 and the first end of the fourth capacitor C4. The second end of the fifth resistor R5 and the anode of the sixth diode D6 are connected to the first power supply. The second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the cathode of the sixth diode D6 and the anode of the seventh diode D7. The cathode of the seventh diode D7 is connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the output terminal control-2 of the second control sub-circuit. The second end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded.

[0083] Please continue reading Figure 5 The second control sub-circuit also includes a first voltage detector, which includes a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, an eighth diode D8, and a sixth capacitor C6.

[0084] The anode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the output terminal control-2 of the second control sub-circuit, and the cathode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor R6. The second terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7 and the first terminal of the eighth resistor R8. The second terminal of the seventh resistor R7 and the first terminal of the sixth capacitor C6 are connected to the voltage detection port of the preset control device. The second terminal of the sixth capacitor C6 and the second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 are used for grounding.

[0085] Please continue reading Figure 5 The second control sub-circuit also includes a first reverse connection protection device, which includes a fourth transistor T4, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, and a ninth diode D9. The fourth transistor T4 is an NPN type.

[0086] The first end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded. The second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the tenth resistor R10 and the base of the fourth transistor T4. The collector of the fourth transistor T4 is connected to the output terminal control-2 of the second control sub-circuit. The emitter of the fourth transistor T4 is connected to the second end of the tenth resistor R10 and the anode of the ninth diode D9. The cathode of the ninth diode D9 is connected to the base bias power supply UBB of the fourth transistor T4.

[0087] Specifically, the above embodiments disclose the specific circuit structure of the first power supply control module in the first power supply branch. The main function of the first power supply control module is to control whether the first power supply is connected to the first power supply branch to supply power to the first load RL1. When the first power supply is normal, the first power supply control module should be in the on state to connect the first power supply, and when the first power supply fails, the first power supply control module should be in the off state to cut off the first power supply from the first power supply branch. The circuit structure of the above-mentioned first power supply control module will be further explained below.

[0088] Please refer to the following first. Figure 2 The second switching sub-circuit includes a third switching transistor Q3, which can generally be an NMOS or PMOS transistor. When the third switching transistor Q3 is turned on, the first power control module is in a conducting state, and when the third switching transistor Q3 is turned off, the first power control module is in a cutoff state.

[0089] Secondly, please refer to Figure 5 For the second bootstrap voltage booster, the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is generally connected to the signal port of a preset controller, which typically acts as the vehicle's controller. The controller sends the corresponding second control signal PWM2 to the second bootstrap voltage booster through the signal port. For the first voltage detector, the second terminal of the seventh resistor R7 is generally connected to the voltage detection port of the preset controller. The preset controller obtains the sampled voltage AD1 at that point from the second terminal of the seventh resistor R7 through the voltage detection port. This allows the vehicle to determine whether there is a fault in VDD based on the quantitative relationship between AD1 and VDD.

[0090] Based on this, the overall operating logic of the second control sub-circuit is as follows:

[0091] In the initial state, there is no signal input at the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4, which is in a low-level signal state by default. At this time, there is no voltage difference between the base and emitter of the third transistor T3, and no current flows through it; its collector and emitter are in a turned-off state. Under these conditions, the vehicle's preset control device uses the first voltage detector to obtain the sampling voltage AD1. Assuming all diodes have the same specifications, and the voltage drop across each diode is U, the voltage at the first terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is VDD - 3U. The sixth resistor R6 and the eighth resistor R8 form a voltage divider resistor, while the seventh resistor R7 and the sixth capacitor C6 form an RC filter circuit to filter out high-frequency interference signals from VDD, thus making the voltage sampling more stable. According to... Figure 5 The circuit structure shown illustrates the quantitative relationship between AD1 and VDD:

[0092]

[0093] Therefore, when the vehicle's preset control device collects the sampling voltage AD1, it can calculate the value of VDD according to the above formula, and then further determine whether VDD is open circuit, short circuit to ground, or low voltage.

[0094] If it is known that VDD is not within the normal voltage range, then the preset controller will not send a signal to the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4. At this time, the voltage at the output terminal control-2 of the second control sub-circuit is 0V, the gate-source voltage of the third switch Q3 is 0, the third switch Q3 is turned off, and the first power control module appears to be in a cut-off state.

[0095] Conversely, if it is known that VDD is within the normal voltage range, the vehicle sends a second control signal PWM2 to the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4 through a preset control device. The level of the second control signal PWM2 changes periodically. When the second control signal PWM2 is high, there is a voltage difference between the base and emitter of the third transistor T3, and current flows through the fourth resistor R4. The collector and emitter of the third transistor T3 are connected, and the on-state voltage drop is almost 0V. Therefore, the voltage at the first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is 0V, and the voltage at the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is VDD-U. When the second control signal PWM2 is low, there is no voltage difference between the base and emitter of the third transistor T3, and the collector and emitter are turned off. The voltage at the first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is VDD. Since the voltage difference across the fourth capacitor C4 cannot change abruptly and needs to be maintained at VDD-U, the voltage at the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is 2VDD-U. Therefore, the voltage at the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is a voltage signal that varies between (VDD-U) and (2VDD-U) depending on the frequency and duty cycle of the second control signal PWM2. This varying voltage signal charges the fifth capacitor C5 through the seventh diode D7, causing the voltage at the first terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 to gradually increase from 0V, eventually stabilizing at 2VDD-2U. This voltage is the output voltage of the second control sub-circuit, control-2. Please refer to [further details omitted]. Figure 2The source voltage of the third switch Q3 is VDD, and its gate voltage is equal to the voltage 2VDD-2U at the output terminal control-2 of the second control sub-circuit. The voltage difference between the gate and source of the third switch Q3 is VDD-2U, which is greater than the Miller plateau voltage of the third switch Q3. At this time, the third switch Q3 is fully turned on. Compared with the initial state, when the preset controller sends the second control signal PWM2 to the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4, if control_2 represents the voltage at the output terminal control-2 of the second control sub-circuit, then the sampling voltage AD1 and the voltage at the output terminal control-2 of the second control sub-circuit have the following correspondence:

[0096]

[0097] In this way, the voltage at the output terminal control-2 of the second control sub-circuit can be directly calculated.

[0098] Furthermore, for the first reverse connection protection device, under normal conditions, the base voltage of the fourth transistor T4 is less than the emitter voltage. At this time, the fourth transistor T4 is in the off state, and has no effect on the second bootstrap voltage booster and the first voltage detector. When VDD and ground are reverse connected, a voltage difference appears between the base and emitter of the fourth transistor T4. This generates a conduction current through the ninth resistor R9 and the ninth diode D9, making the collector and emitter of the fourth transistor T4 conduct. Since the voltage difference between the collector and emitter is almost 0V, according to the connection method of the first reverse connection protection device, the voltage at the output terminal control-2 of the second control sub-circuit is also 0V. At this time, the gate-source voltage of the third switch Q3 is 0V, and the third switch Q3 is cut off, thereby realizing the protection of the first load RL1 and the power supply control circuit when the power supply and ground are reverse connected.

[0099] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the first power supply switch module includes a third switching sub-circuit and a third control sub-circuit. The third switching sub-circuit includes a fourth switch transistor Q4. The gate of the fourth switch transistor Q4 is connected to the output terminal control-3 of the third control sub-circuit. The source of the fourth switch transistor Q4 is connected to the first load RL1. The drain of the fourth switch transistor Q4 is connected to the second terminal of the power supply switching module and the first power control module.

[0100] Please see Figure 3 In some implementations, the third control sub-circuit includes a voltage adaptive protector, which includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a third diode D3.

[0101] The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first power supply, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second power supply, the cathode of the third diode D3, the cathode of the first diode D1, and the cathode of the second diode D2 are connected to the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector, and the anode of the third diode D3 is used for grounding.

[0102] Please see Figure 6 In some embodiments, the third control sub-circuit further includes a third bootstrap booster, which includes a fifth transistor T5, a sixth transistor T6, a tenth diode D10, an eleventh diode D11, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a seventh capacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, and a ninth capacitor C9, wherein the fifth transistor T5 is NPN type and the sixth transistor T6 is PNP type;

[0103] The first end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the signal port of the preset controller. The second end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the base of the fifth transistor T5. The emitter of the fifth transistor T5 is grounded. The collector of the fifth transistor T5 is connected to the first end of the twelfth resistor R12, the first end of the thirteenth resistor R13, and the first end of the seventh capacitor C7. The second end of the twelfth resistor R12 and the emitter of the sixth transistor T6 are connected to the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. The base of the sixth transistor T6 is connected to the second end of the thirteenth resistor R13. The collector of the sixth transistor T6 is connected to the first end of the eighth capacitor C8 and the anode of the tenth diode D10. The cathode of the tenth diode D10 is connected to the second end of the seventh capacitor C7 and the anode of the eleventh diode D11. The cathode of the eleventh diode D11, the first end of the ninth capacitor C9, and the first end of the fourteenth resistor R14 are connected to the output terminal control-3 of the third control sub-circuit. The second ends of the eighth capacitor C8, the second ends of the ninth capacitor C9, and the second end of the fourteenth resistor R14 are grounded.

[0104] Specifically, the above embodiments disclose the specific circuit structure of the first power supply switch module. Further explanation of the above structure follows.

[0105] Specifically, the above embodiments disclose the specific circuit structure of the first power supply switch module in the first power supply branch. The main function of the first power supply switch module is to control whether the first load RL1 is connected to the first power supply branch to draw power from the first power source. Under normal circumstances, when the vehicle is powered on, as long as at least one of VCC and VDD is not faulty, the first power supply switch module will be turned on to attempt to draw power from VCC and / or VDD for the first load RL1. The circuit structure of the above-mentioned first power supply switch module will be further explained below.

[0106] First, please refer to Figure 2 The third switching sub-circuit includes a fourth switching transistor Q4, which can generally be an NMOS or PMOS transistor. When the fourth switching transistor Q4 is turned on, the first power supply switching module is in the on state, and when the fourth switching transistor Q4 is turned off, the first power supply switching module is in the off state.

[0107] Secondly, please refer to Figure 3 For the voltage adaptive protector, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are reverse-connection protection diodes, capable of converting the electrical energy drawn from the corresponding power supply into DC current and supplying power to the third bootstrap transformer. The third diode D3 is generally a transient voltage control diode (i.e., a TVS diode), whose main function is to absorb and clamp transient high voltages on the first and second power supplies. In this way, the voltage adaptive protector can, on the one hand, ensure that it can draw normal voltage from the unaffected power supply to power the third bootstrap transformer when either VCC or VDD fails, and on the other hand, it can control transient high voltages supplied by the power supply to the third bootstrap transformer, avoiding negative impacts from transient high voltages on the third bootstrap transformer.

[0108] Please see again. Figure 6 For the third bootstrap voltage booster, the first terminal of the eleventh resistor R11 is generally connected to the signal port of a preset controller, which typically acts as the vehicle's controller. The controller sends the corresponding first control signal PWM1 to the third bootstrap voltage booster through the signal port. Based on this, the operating logic of the third bootstrap voltage booster is as follows:

[0109] In the initial state, there is no signal input at the first terminal of the eleventh resistor R11, which is in a low-level signal state by default. At this time, there is no voltage difference between the base and emitter of the fifth transistor T5, and no current flows through it. Its collector and emitter are in the off state. Similarly, there is no voltage difference between the emitter and base of the sixth transistor T6, and no current flows through it. Its collector and emitter are also in the off state. At this time, the voltage at the output terminal control-3 of the third control sub-circuit is 0V due to the pull-down effect of the fourteenth resistor R14. The first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 connected to the output terminal control-3 of the third control sub-circuit are both in the off state.

[0110] After the vehicle is powered on, if the vehicle detects that both VDD and VCC voltages are abnormal, the preset controller will maintain a state of no signal input to the third bootstrap voltage converter, thereby keeping the fourth switch Q4 continuously off, thus preventing the first load RL1 from drawing power from the faulty VCC and VDD.

[0111] When the vehicle detects that at least one of the VDD or VCC voltages is normal, the preset controller begins sending a third control signal PWM3 to the third bootstrap voltage converter. The level of the third control signal PWM3 changes periodically. When the third control signal PWM3 is high, a voltage difference exists between the base and emitter of the fifth transistor T5. This voltage difference forms a current path through the eleventh resistor R11, causing the collector and emitter of the fifth transistor T5 to conduct. The on-state voltage drop is almost 0V, so the voltage at the first terminal of the thirteenth resistor R13 and the seventh capacitor C7 can both be considered 0V. Based on this, the emitter and collector of the sixth transistor T6 conduct, with an on-state voltage drop of almost 0V. The eighth capacitor C8 is a filter capacitor used to filter out high-frequency interference signals from the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. Let the voltage drop of the tenth diode D10 be U, and let VBATP directly represent the voltage at the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. Then, the voltage at the second terminal of the seventh capacitor C7 is VBATP - U.

[0112] Furthermore, when the third control signal PWM3 is low, there is no voltage difference between the base and emitter of the fifth transistor T5, and its collector and emitter are turned off. Therefore, the voltage at the first terminal of the eleventh resistor R11, the twelfth resistor R12, and the seventh capacitor C7 is equal to the voltage at the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. Thus, there is no voltage difference between the emitter and base of the sixth transistor T6, and its collector and emitter are turned off. Since the voltage drop across the seventh capacitor C7 cannot change abruptly and should remain at VBATP-U, the voltage at the second terminal of the seventh capacitor C7 is 2VBATP-U at this time.

[0113] Therefore, in summary, the voltage at the second terminal of the seventh capacitor C7 is a voltage signal that varies between (VBATP-U) and (2VBATP-U) depending on the frequency and duty cycle of the third control signal PWM3. This varying voltage signal charges the ninth capacitor C9 through the eleventh diode D11, causing the voltage at the first terminal of the ninth capacitor C9 to gradually increase from 0V. When the eleventh diode D11 and the tenth diode D10 are identical, the voltage at the first terminal of the ninth capacitor C9 can eventually be stably boosted to 2VBATP-2U. If we assume that the current VBATP is equal to VDD, then the voltage at the first terminal of the ninth capacitor C9 can be stably boosted to 2VDD-2U, which is equal to the voltage at the output terminal control-3 of the third control sub-circuit. The gate of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the output terminal control-3 of the third control sub-circuit. When the voltage at the output terminal control-3 of the third control sub-circuit rises to the Miller plateau voltage of the fourth switch Q4, the fourth switch Q4 will be fully turned on. At this time, the third switching sub-circuit is in the conducting state, thereby enabling the first load RL1 to draw power from VDD or VCC.

[0114] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the second power supply branch includes a second power control module and a second power supply switch module. The first end of the second power control module is connected to the second power source, the second end of the second power control module is connected to the power supply switching module and the first end of the second power supply switch module, and the second end of the second power supply switch module is connected to the second load RL2.

[0115] Specifically, based on the above implementation method, the circuit structure and operating logic of the second power supply branch are exactly the same as those of the first power supply branch, except that the corresponding power supply is replaced with the second power supply and the corresponding load is replaced with the second load RL2. The circuit structure and operating logic of each component in the second power supply branch will be described below:

[0116] Please continue reading. Figure 2 In some embodiments, the second power control module includes a fourth switching sub-circuit and a fourth control sub-circuit. The fourth switching sub-circuit includes a fifth switching transistor Q5. The gate of the fifth switching transistor Q5 is connected to the output terminal control-4 of the fourth control sub-circuit. The source of the fifth switching transistor Q5 is connected to the second power supply. The drain of the fifth switching transistor Q5 is connected to the power supply switching module and the first terminal of the second power supply switching module.

[0117] Please see Figure 7 In some embodiments, the fourth control sub-circuit includes a fourth bootstrap booster, which includes a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, a tenth capacitor C10, an eleventh capacitor C11, a seventh transistor T7, a twelfth diode D12, and a thirteenth diode D13, wherein the seventh transistor T7 is an NPN type.

[0118] The first end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to the signal port of the preset controller. The second end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to the base of the seventh transistor T7. The emitter of the seventh transistor T7 is grounded. The collector of the seventh transistor T7 is connected to the first end of the sixteenth resistor R16 and the first end of the tenth capacitor C10. The second end of the sixteenth resistor R16 and the anode of the twelfth diode D12 are connected to the second power supply. The second end of the tenth capacitor C10 is connected to the cathode of the twelfth diode D12 and the anode of the thirteenth diode D13. The cathode of the thirteenth diode D13 is connected to the first end of the eleventh capacitor C11 and the output terminal control-4 of the fourth control sub-circuit. The second end of the eleventh capacitor C11 is grounded.

[0119] Please continue reading. Figure 7In some embodiments, the fourth control sub-circuit further includes a second voltage detector, which includes a seventeenth resistor R17, an eighteenth resistor R18, a nineteenth resistor R19, a fourteenth diode D14, and a twelfth capacitor C12.

[0120] The anode of the fourteenth diode D14 is connected to the output terminal control-4 of the fourth control sub-circuit. The cathode of the fourteenth diode D14 is connected to the first terminal of the seventeenth resistor R17. The second terminal of the seventeenth resistor R17 is connected to the first terminal of the eighteenth resistor R18 and the first terminal of the nineteenth resistor R19. The second terminal of the eighteenth resistor R18 and the first terminal of the twelfth capacitor C12 are connected to the voltage detection port of the preset controller. The second terminal of the twelfth capacitor C12 and the second terminal of the nineteenth resistor R19 are used for grounding.

[0121] Please continue reading. Figure 7 In some embodiments, the fourth control sub-circuit also includes a second reverse connection protection device, which includes an eighth transistor T8, a twentieth resistor R20, a twenty-first resistor R21, and a fifteenth diode D15. The eighth transistor T8 is an NPN type.

[0122] The first end of the twentieth resistor R20 is grounded. The second end of the twentieth resistor R20 is connected to the first end of the twenty-first resistor R21 and the base of the eighth transistor T8. The collector of the eighth transistor T8 is connected to the output terminal control-4 of the fourth control sub-circuit. The emitter of the eighth transistor T8 is connected to the second end of the twenty-first resistor R21 and the anode of the fifteenth diode D15. The cathode of the fifteenth diode D15 is connected to the base bias power supply UBB of the eighth transistor T8.

[0123] Specifically, the above embodiments disclose the specific circuit structure of the second power supply control module in the second power supply branch. The main function of the second power supply control module is to control whether the second power supply is connected to the second power supply branch to supply power to the second load RL2. When the second power supply is normal, the second power supply control module should be in the on state to connect the second power supply, and when the second power supply fails, the second power supply control module should be in the off state to cut off the second power supply from the second power supply branch. The circuit structure of the above-mentioned second power supply control module will be further explained below.

[0124] Please refer to the following first. Figure 2 The fourth switching sub-circuit includes a fifth switching transistor Q5, which can generally be an NMOS or PMOS transistor. When the fifth switching transistor Q5 is turned on, the second power control module is in a conducting state, and when the fifth switching transistor Q5 is turned off, the second power control module is in a cutoff state.

[0125] Secondly, please refer to Figure 7 For the fourth bootstrap voltage booster, the first terminal of the fifteenth resistor R15 is generally connected to the signal port of the preset controller, which typically acts as the vehicle's controller. The controller sends the corresponding fourth control signal PWM4 to the fourth bootstrap voltage booster through the signal port. For the second voltage detector, the second terminal of the eighteenth resistor R18 is generally connected to the voltage detection port of the preset controller. The preset controller obtains the sampled voltage AD2 at that point from the second terminal of the eighteenth resistor R18 through the voltage detection port. This allows the vehicle to determine whether there is a fault in VCC based on the quantitative relationship between AD2 and VCC.

[0126] Based on this, the overall operating logic of the fourth control sub-circuit is as follows:

[0127] In the initial state, there is no signal input at the first terminal of the fifteenth resistor R15, which is in a low-level signal state by default. At this time, there is no voltage difference between the base and emitter of the seventh transistor T7, and no current flows through it; its collector and emitter are in a turned-off state. Under these conditions, the vehicle's preset control device uses the second voltage detector to obtain the sampling voltage AD2. Assuming all diodes have the same specifications, and the voltage drop across each diode is U, the voltage at the first terminal of the seventeenth resistor R17 is VCC-3U. The seventeenth resistor R17 and the nineteenth resistor R19 form a voltage divider resistor, while the eighteenth resistor R18 and the twelfth capacitor C12 form an RC filter circuit to filter out high-frequency interference signals from VCC, thus making the voltage sampling more stable. According to... Figure 7 The circuit structure shown illustrates the quantitative relationship between AD2 and VCC:

[0128]

[0129] Therefore, when the vehicle's preset control device collects the sampling voltage AD2, it can calculate the value of VCC according to the above formula, and thus further determine whether VCC is open-circuited, short-circuited to ground, or has low voltage.

[0130] If it is known that VCC is not within the normal voltage range, then the preset controller will not send a signal to the first terminal of the fifteenth resistor R15. At this time, the voltage at the output terminal control-4 of the fourth control sub-circuit is 0V, the gate-source voltage of the fifth switch Q5 is 0, and the fifth switch Q5 is turned off. The second power control module is in a cut-off state.

[0131] Conversely, if it is known that VCC is within the normal voltage range, the vehicle sends a fourth control signal PWM4 to the first terminal of the fifteenth resistor R15 through a preset control device. The level of the fourth control signal PWM4 changes periodically. When the fourth control signal PWM4 is high, there is a voltage difference between the base and emitter of the seventh transistor T7, and current flows through the fifteenth resistor R15. The collector and emitter of the seventh transistor T7 are connected, and the on-state voltage drop is almost 0V. Therefore, the voltage at the first terminal of the tenth capacitor C10 is 0V, and the voltage at the second terminal of the tenth capacitor C10 is VCC-U. When the fourth control signal PWM4 is low, there is no voltage difference between the base and emitter of the seventh transistor T7, and the collector and emitter are turned off. The voltage at the first terminal of the tenth capacitor C10 is VCC. Since the voltage difference across the tenth capacitor C10 cannot change abruptly and needs to be maintained at VCC-U, the voltage at the second terminal of the tenth capacitor C10 is 2VCC-U. Therefore, the voltage at the second terminal of the tenth capacitor C10 is a voltage signal that varies between (VCC-U) and (2VCC-U) depending on the frequency and duty cycle of the fourth control signal PWM4. This varying voltage signal charges the eleventh capacitor C11 through the thirteenth diode D13, causing the voltage at the first terminal of the eleventh capacitor C11 to gradually increase from 0V, eventually stabilizing at 2VCC-2U. This voltage is the output voltage of the fourth control sub-circuit, control-4. Please refer to further details. Figure 2 The source voltage of the fifth switch Q5 is VCC, and its gate voltage is equal to the voltage 2VCC-2U at the output terminal control-4 of the fourth control sub-circuit. The gate-source voltage difference of the fifth switch Q5 is VCC-2U, which is greater than the Miller plateau voltage of the fifth switch Q5. At this time, the fifth switch Q5 is fully turned on. Compared with the initial state, when the preset controller sends the fourth control signal PWM4 to the first terminal of the fifteenth resistor R15, if control_4 represents the voltage at the output terminal control-4 of the fourth control sub-circuit, then the sampling voltage AD2 and the voltage at the output terminal control-4 of the fourth control sub-circuit have the following correspondence:

[0132]

[0133] Therefore, the voltage at the output terminal control-4 of the fourth control sub-circuit can be directly calculated.

[0134] Furthermore, regarding the second reverse connection protection device, under normal conditions, the base voltage of the eighth transistor T8 is less than the emitter voltage. At this time, the eighth transistor T8 is in the off state, having no effect on the fourth bootstrap voltage booster or the second voltage detector. When VCC and ground are reverse connected, a voltage difference appears between the base and emitter of the eighth transistor T8. This generates a conducting current through the twentieth resistor R20 and the fifteenth diode D15, causing conduction between the collector and emitter of the eighth transistor T8. Since the voltage difference between the collector and emitter is almost 0V, according to the connection method of the second reverse connection protection device, the voltage at the output terminal control-4 of the fourth control sub-circuit is also 0V. At this time, the gate-source voltage of the fifth switch Q5 is 0V, and the fifth switch Q5 is cut off, thus protecting the second load RL2 and the power supply control circuit when the power supply and ground are reverse connected.

[0135] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the second power supply switch module includes a fifth switching sub-circuit and a fifth control sub-circuit. The fifth switching sub-circuit includes a sixth switch transistor Q6. The gate of the sixth switch transistor Q6 is connected to the output terminal control-5 of the fifth control sub-circuit. The source of the sixth switch transistor Q6 is connected to the second load RL2. The drain of the sixth switch transistor Q6 is connected to the second terminal of the power supply switching module and the second power control module.

[0136] Please see Figure 3 In some implementations, the fifth control sub-circuit includes a voltage adaptive protector, which includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a third diode D3.

[0137] The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first power supply, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second power supply, the cathode of the third diode D3, the cathode of the first diode D1, and the cathode of the second diode D2 are connected to the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector, and the anode of the third diode D3 is used for grounding.

[0138] Please see Figure 8 In some embodiments, the fifth control sub-circuit further includes a fifth bootstrap booster, which includes a ninth transistor T9, a thirteenth transistor T10, a sixteenth diode D16, a seventeenth diode D17, a twenty-second resistor R22, a twenty-third resistor R23, a twenty-fourth resistor R24, a twenty-fifth resistor R25, a thirteenth capacitor C13, a fourteenth capacitor C14, and a fifteenth capacitor C15, wherein the ninth transistor T9 is NPN type and the thirteenth transistor T10 is PNP type;

[0139] The first terminal of the twenty-second resistor R22 is connected to the signal port of the preset control device. The second terminal of the twenty-second resistor R22 is connected to the base of the ninth transistor T9. The emitter of the ninth transistor T9 is grounded. The collector of the ninth transistor T9 is connected to the first terminal of the twenty-third resistor R23, the first terminal of the twenty-fourth resistor R24, and the first terminal of the thirteenth capacitor C13. The second terminal of the twenty-third resistor R23 and the emitter of the thirteenth transistor T10 are connected to the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. The base of the thirteenth transistor T10 is connected to the twenty-fourth resistor R24. The collector of the thirteenth transistor T10 is connected to the first terminal of the fourteenth capacitor C14 and the anode of the sixteenth diode D16. The cathode of the sixteenth diode D16 is connected to the second terminal of the thirteenth capacitor C13 and the anode of the seventeenth diode D17. The cathode of the seventeenth diode D17, the first terminal of the fifteenth capacitor C15, and the first terminal of the twenty-fifth resistor R25 are connected to the output terminal control-5 of the fifth control sub-circuit. The second terminals of the fourteenth capacitor C14, the fifteenth capacitor C15, and the twenty-fifth resistor R25 are used for grounding.

[0140] Specifically, the above embodiments disclose the specific circuit structure of the second power supply switch module in the second power supply branch. The main function of the second power supply switch module is to control whether the second load RL2 is connected to the second power supply branch to draw power from the second power source. Under normal circumstances, when the vehicle is powered on, as long as at least one of VCC and VDD is not faulty, the second power supply switch module will be turned on to attempt to draw power from VCC and / or VDD for the second load RL2. The circuit structure of the above-mentioned second power supply switch module will be further explained below.

[0141] First, please refer to Figure 2 The fifth switching sub-circuit includes a sixth switching transistor Q6, which can generally be an NMOS or PMOS transistor. When the sixth switching transistor Q6 is turned on, the second power supply switching module is in the on state, and when the sixth switching transistor Q6 is turned off, the second power supply switching module is in the off state.

[0142] Secondly, please refer to Figure 3For the voltage adaptive protector, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are reverse-connection protection diodes, capable of converting the electrical energy drawn from the corresponding power supply into DC current and supplying power to the fifth bootstrap transformer. The third diode D3 is generally a transient voltage control diode (i.e., a TVS diode), whose main function is to absorb and clamp transient high voltages on the first and second power supplies. In this way, the voltage adaptive protector can, on the one hand, ensure that it can draw normal voltage from the unaffected power supply to power the fifth bootstrap transformer when either VCC or VDD fails, and on the other hand, it can control transient high voltages supplied by the power supply to the fifth bootstrap transformer, avoiding negative impacts from transient high voltages on the fifth bootstrap transformer.

[0143] Please see again. Figure 6 For the fifth bootstrap voltage booster, the first terminal of the twenty-second resistor R22 is generally connected to the signal port of a preset controller, which typically acts as the vehicle's controller. The controller sends the corresponding fifth control signal PWM5 to the fifth bootstrap voltage booster through the signal port. Based on this, the operating logic of the fifth bootstrap voltage booster is as follows:

[0144] In the initial state, there is no signal input at the first terminal of the twenty-second resistor R22, which is in a low-level signal state by default. At this time, there is no voltage difference between the base and emitter of the ninth transistor T9, and no current flows through it. Its collector and emitter are in the off state. Similarly, there is no voltage difference between the emitter and base of the thirteenth transistor T10, and no current flows through it. Its collector and emitter are also in the off state. At this time, the voltage at the output terminal control-5 of the fifth control sub-circuit is 0V due to the pull-down effect of the twenty-fifth resistor R25, and the sixth switch Q6 connected to the output terminal control-5 of the fifth control sub-circuit is in the off state.

[0145] After the vehicle is powered on, if the vehicle detects that both VDD and VCC voltages are abnormal, the preset control device will maintain a state of no signal input to the fifth bootstrap voltage booster, thereby keeping the sixth switch Q6 continuously off, thus preventing the second load RL2 from drawing power from the faulty VCC and VDD.

[0146] When the vehicle detects that at least one of the VDD or VCC voltages is normal, the preset controller begins sending the fifth control signal PWM5 to the fifth bootstrap voltage converter. The level of the fifth control signal PWM5 changes periodically. When the fifth control signal PWM5 is high, a voltage difference exists between the base and emitter of the ninth transistor T9. This voltage difference forms a current path through the twenty-second resistor R22, causing the collector and emitter of the ninth transistor T9 to conduct. The on-state voltage drop is almost 0V, so the voltage at the first terminal of the twenty-fourth resistor R24 ​​and the thirteenth capacitor C13 can be considered 0V. Based on this, the emitter and collector of the thirteenth transistor T10 conduct, with an on-state voltage drop of almost 0V. The fourteenth capacitor C14 is a filter capacitor used to filter out high-frequency interference signals from the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. Let the voltage drop of the sixteenth diode D16 be U, and let VBATP directly represent the voltage at the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. Then the voltage at the second terminal of the thirteenth capacitor C13 is VBATP - U.

[0147] Furthermore, when the fifth control signal PWM5 is low, there is no voltage difference between the base and emitter of the ninth transistor T9, and its collector and emitter are turned off. Therefore, the voltage at the first terminal of the twenty-second resistor R22, the twenty-third resistor R23, and the thirteenth capacitor C13 is equal to the voltage at the output terminal VBATP of the voltage adaptive protector. Thus, there is no voltage difference between the emitter and base of the thirteenth transistor T10, and its collector and emitter are turned off. Since the voltage drop across the thirteenth capacitor C13 cannot change abruptly and should remain at VBATP-U, the voltage at the second terminal of the thirteenth capacitor C13 is 2VBATP-U at this time.

[0148] Therefore, in summary, the voltage at the second terminal of the thirteenth capacitor C13 is a voltage signal that varies between (VBATP-U) and (2VBATP-U) as the frequency and duty cycle of the fifth control signal PWM5 change. This changing voltage signal charges the fifteenth capacitor C15 through the seventeenth diode D17, causing the voltage at the first terminal of the fifteenth capacitor C15 to gradually increase from 0V. When the seventeenth diode D17 and the sixteenth diode D16 are exactly the same, the voltage at the first terminal of the fifteenth capacitor C15 can eventually be stably boosted to 2VBATP-2U. If we assume that the current VBATP is equal to VDD, then the voltage at the first terminal of the fifteenth capacitor C15 can be stably boosted to 2VDD-2U, which is equal to the voltage at the output terminal control-5 of the fifth control sub-circuit. The gate of the sixth switch Q6 is connected to the output terminal control-5 of the fifth control sub-circuit. When the voltage at the output terminal control-5 of the fifth control sub-circuit rises to the Miller plateau voltage of the sixth switch Q6, the sixth switch Q6 will be fully turned on. At this time, the fifth switching sub-circuit is in the conducting state, thereby enabling the second load RL2 to draw power from VDD or VCC.

[0149] Based on the above implementation method, the overall operation process of the power supply control circuit in the above implementation method can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 9 The control flow diagram shown is as follows, in which Figure 9 The illustrated process describes the control procedures for the first and second power supply branches after the vehicle is powered on. It should be noted beforehand that the following detailed explanation of the overall operation of the power supply control circuit after vehicle power-on assumes that at least one of VDD and VCC can supply power normally. If both are abnormal, neither the first load RL1 nor the second load RL2 can be powered on. Users can decide on the vehicle's maintenance procedures based on the power failure situation. The overall operation of the power supply control circuit after vehicle power-on is as follows:

[0150] After the vehicle is powered on, the vehicle's preset control device maintains no signal input to the control signals (i.e., PWM1 to PWM5) for each bootstrap voltage booster. At this time, the connection terminals between each bootstrap voltage booster and the preset control device remain at a low level, and all six sets of switching transistors are in the off state. Based on this, the sampling voltage AD1 is obtained using the first voltage detector in the second control sub-circuit, and the sampling voltage AD2 is obtained using the second voltage detector in the fourth control sub-circuit. Furthermore, AD1 and AD2 are used to detect whether there is a fault in VDD and VCC.

[0151] The following describes the operating logic using VDD as an example. The situation for VCC is similar to that for VDD. When VDD is confirmed to be normal, the preset controller sends a fluctuating second control signal PWM2 to the second control sub-circuit. Furthermore, it uses the sampled voltage AD1 obtained by the first voltage detector in the second control sub-circuit to detect whether the boost voltage of VDD (that is, the voltage at the output terminal control-2 of the second control sub-circuit) is normal, thereby determining whether the third switch Q3 can be turned on normally.

[0152] If the third switch Q3 is confirmed to be conducting normally, the vehicle's preset control device sends a fluctuating third control signal PWM3 to the third control sub-circuit to control the fourth switch Q4 to conduct. In this case, VDD supplies power to the first load RL1 through the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4.

[0153] If the sampling voltage AD1 confirms that VDD is abnormal, or if it is determined that the third switch Q3 cannot conduct normally, the preset controller maintains a no-signal input state to the second control sub-circuit and sends an alarm message to the user to indicate that there is a fault in VDD. Further, the preset controller sends a first control signal PWM1 to the first control sub-circuit and a fluctuating third control signal PWM3 to the third control sub-circuit, thereby controlling the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, and the fourth switch Q4 to conduct, providing a power path for VCC to supply power to the first load RL1. At this time, the vehicle is in a degraded limp state, and the user can perform vehicle maintenance based on the limp state and the aforementioned alarm message.

[0154] Accordingly, when VCC is confirmed to be normal, the preset controller sends a fluctuating fourth control signal PWM4 to the fourth control sub-circuit, and further uses the sampling voltage AD2 obtained by the second voltage detector in the fourth control sub-circuit to detect whether the boost voltage of VCC (that is, the voltage at the output terminal control-4 of the fourth control sub-circuit) is normal, thereby determining whether the fifth switch Q5 can be turned on normally.

[0155] If it is determined that the fifth switch Q5 is conducting normally, the vehicle's preset control device sends a fluctuating fifth control signal PWM5 to the fifth control sub-circuit to control the sixth switch Q6 to conduct. In this case, VCC supplies power to the second load RL2 through the fifth switch Q5 and the sixth switch Q6.

[0156] If the sampling voltage AD1 confirms that VCC is abnormal, or if it is determined that the fifth switch Q5 cannot conduct normally, the preset controller maintains a no-signal input state to the fourth control sub-circuit and sends an alarm message to the user to indicate that there is a fault in VCC. Further, the preset controller sends a first control signal PWM1 to the first control sub-circuit and a fluctuating fifth control signal PWM5 to the fifth control sub-circuit, thereby controlling the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, and the sixth switch Q6 to conduct, providing a power path for VDD to supply power to the second load RL2. At this time, the vehicle is in a degraded limp state, and the user can perform vehicle maintenance based on the limp state and the aforementioned alarm message.

[0157] The vehicle is in normal working condition when the power supply control circuit simultaneously satisfies two conditions: VDD supplies power to the first load RL1 through the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4, and VCC supplies power to the second load RL2 through the fifth switch Q5 and the sixth switch Q6.

[0158] In addition, if the vehicle is currently in normal working condition, the vehicle's preset control device periodically uses sampling voltages AD1 and AD2 to detect and determine whether the third switch Q3 and the fifth switch Q5 are conducting normally.

[0159] Taking the third switch Q3 as an example, if it is determined during continuous periodic detection that the third switch Q3 cannot conduct normally, then referring to the above operating process, the preset controller stops outputting control signals to the second control sub-circuit and sends alarm information to the user to indicate that there is a fault with VDD. At this time, the third switch Q3 remains off. Further, the preset controller sends the first control signal PWM1 to the first control sub-circuit to control the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 to conduct, thereby switching the power supply of the first load RL1 to VCC. At this time, the vehicle is in a degraded limp state, and the user can perform vehicle maintenance based on the limp state and the aforementioned alarm information.

[0160] Taking the fifth switch Q5 as an example, if it is determined during continuous periodic detection that the fifth switch Q5 cannot conduct normally, then referring to the above operating process, the preset controller stops outputting control signals to the fourth control sub-circuit and sends alarm information to the user to indicate that there is a fault in VCC. At this time, the fifth switch Q5 is cut off. Further, the preset controller sends the first control signal PWM1 to the first control sub-circuit to control the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 to conduct, thereby switching the power supply of the second load RL2 to VDD. At this time, the vehicle is in a degraded limp state, and the user can perform vehicle maintenance based on the limp state and the above alarm information.

[0161] The vehicle in this application includes the power supply control circuit described in the above embodiments.

[0162] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "some embodiments," "in one example," "exemplarily," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0163] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the function involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0164] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A power supply control circuit, characterized in that, The circuit includes a first power supply branch and a second power supply branch, wherein the first power supply branch is configured to supply power to a first load based on a first power source, and the second power supply branch is configured to supply power to a second load based on a second power source. The circuit also includes a power supply switching module, which is electrically connected to the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch respectively. The power supply switching module is configured to control the second power supply branch to supply power to the first load based on the second power supply or to control the first power supply branch to supply power to the second load based on the first power supply in the event of a failure of the first power supply or the second power supply. The power supply switching module includes a first control sub-circuit. The first control sub-circuit includes a voltage adaptive protector, which includes a first diode, a second diode, and a third diode; The anode of the first diode is connected to the first power supply, the anode of the second diode is connected to the second power supply, and the cathodes of the third diode, the first diode, and the second diode are connected to the output terminal of the voltage adaptive protector. The anode of the third diode is used for grounding.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply switching module includes a first switching sub-circuit, which includes a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor. The gate of the first switching transistor is connected to the gate of the second switching transistor and the output terminal of the first control sub-circuit. The source of the first switching transistor is connected to the source of the second switching transistor. The drain of the first switching transistor is connected to the first power supply branch, and the drain of the second switching transistor is connected to the second power supply branch.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first control sub-circuit further includes a first bootstrap booster, which includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor, wherein the first transistor is NPN type and the second transistor is PNP type. The first end of the first resistor is connected to the signal port of the preset control device. The second end of the first resistor is connected to the base of the first transistor. The emitter of the first transistor is grounded. The collector of the first transistor is connected to the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the third resistor, and the first end of the first capacitor. The second end of the second resistor and the emitter of the second transistor are connected to the output terminal of the voltage adaptive protector. The base of the second transistor is connected to the second end of the third resistor. The collector of the second transistor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor and the anode of the fourth diode. The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the second end of the first capacitor and the anode of the fifth diode. The cathode of the fifth diode and the first end of the third capacitor are connected to the output terminal of the first control sub-circuit. The second ends of the second capacitor and the second ends of the third capacitor are grounded.

4. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first power supply branch includes a first power control module and a first power switch module. The first end of the first power control module is connected to the first power source, the second end of the first power control module is connected to the power switching module and the first end of the first power switch module, and the second end of the first power switch module is connected to the first load.

5. The circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first power control module includes a second switching sub-circuit and a second control sub-circuit. The second switching sub-circuit includes a third switching transistor. The gate of the third switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the second control sub-circuit, the source of the third switching transistor is connected to the first power supply, and the drain of the third switching transistor is connected to the power supply switching module and the first terminal of the first power supply switching module.

6. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second control sub-circuit includes a second bootstrap booster, which includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a third transistor, a sixth diode, and a seventh diode, wherein the third transistor is an NPN type. The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the signal port of the preset control device. The second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the base of the third transistor. The emitter of the third transistor is grounded. The collector of the third transistor is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor and the first end of the fourth capacitor. The second end of the fifth resistor and the anode of the sixth diode are connected to the first power supply. The second end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the sixth diode and the anode of the seventh diode. The cathode of the seventh diode is connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor and the output terminal of the second control sub-circuit. The second end of the fifth capacitor is grounded.

7. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second control sub-circuit further includes a first voltage detector, which includes a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, an eighth diode, and a sixth capacitor; The anode of the eighth diode is connected to the output terminal of the second control sub-circuit, the cathode of the eighth diode is connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor, the second terminal of the sixth resistor is connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor and the first terminal of the eighth resistor, the second terminal of the seventh resistor and the first terminal of the sixth capacitor are connected together to the voltage detection port of the preset control device, and the second terminal of the sixth capacitor and the second terminal of the eighth resistor are used for grounding.

8. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second control sub-circuit also includes a first reverse connection protection device, which includes a fourth transistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, and a ninth diode. The fourth transistor is an NPN type. The first end of the ninth resistor is grounded, the second end of the ninth resistor is connected to the first end of the tenth resistor and the base of the fourth transistor, the collector of the fourth transistor is connected to the output of the second control sub-circuit, the emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to the second end of the tenth resistor and the anode of the ninth diode, and the cathode of the ninth diode is connected to the base bias power supply of the fourth transistor.

9. The circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first power supply switch module includes a third switching sub-circuit and a third control sub-circuit. The third switching sub-circuit includes a fourth switching transistor. The gate of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the third control sub-circuit, the source of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the first load, and the drain of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the power supply switching module and the first power control module.

10. The circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The third control sub-circuit includes a voltage adaptive protector.

11. The circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that, The third control sub-circuit also includes a third bootstrap booster, which includes a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a tenth diode, an eleventh diode, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, and a ninth capacitor, wherein the fifth transistor is NPN type and the sixth transistor is PNP type. The first end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the signal port of the preset control device. The second end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the base of the fifth transistor. The emitter of the fifth transistor is grounded. The collector of the fifth transistor is connected to the first end of the twelfth resistor, the first end of the thirteenth resistor, and the first end of the seventh capacitor. The second end of the twelfth resistor and the emitter of the sixth transistor are connected to the output terminal of the voltage adaptive protector. The base of the sixth transistor is connected to the second end of the thirteenth resistor. The collector of the sixth transistor is connected to the first end of the eighth capacitor and the anode of the tenth diode. The cathode of the tenth diode is connected to the second end of the seventh capacitor and the anode of the eleventh diode. The cathode of the eleventh diode, the first end of the ninth capacitor, and the first end of the fourteenth resistor are connected to the output terminal of the third control sub-circuit. The second ends of the eighth capacitor, the ninth capacitor, and the fourteenth resistor are grounded.

12. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second power supply branch includes a second power control module and a second power switch module. The first end of the second power control module is connected to the second power source, the second end of the second power control module is connected to the power switching module and the first end of the second power switch module, and the second end of the second power switch module is connected to the second load.

13. The circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that, The second power control module includes a fourth switching sub-circuit and a fourth control sub-circuit. The fourth switching sub-circuit includes a fifth switching transistor. The gate of the fifth switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the fourth control sub-circuit, the source of the fifth switching transistor is connected to the second power supply, and the drain of the fifth switching transistor is connected to the power supply switching module and the first terminal of the second power supply switching module.

14. The circuit according to claim 13, characterized in that, The fourth control sub-circuit includes a fourth bootstrap booster, which includes a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a tenth capacitor, an eleventh capacitor, a seventh transistor, a twelfth diode, and a thirteenth diode, wherein the seventh transistor is an NPN type. The first end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to the signal port of the preset control device. The second end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to the base of the seventh transistor. The emitter of the seventh transistor is grounded. The collector of the seventh transistor is connected to the first end of the sixteenth resistor and the first end of the tenth capacitor. The second end of the sixteenth resistor and the anode of the twelfth diode are connected to the second power supply. The second end of the tenth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the twelfth diode and the anode of the thirteenth diode. The cathode of the thirteenth diode is connected to the first end of the eleventh capacitor and the output terminal of the fourth control sub-circuit. The second end of the eleventh capacitor is grounded.

15. The circuit according to claim 13, characterized in that, The fourth control sub-circuit also includes a second voltage detector, which includes a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor, a nineteenth resistor, a fourteenth diode, and a twelfth capacitor; The anode of the fourteenth diode is connected to the output terminal of the fourth control sub-circuit, the cathode of the fourteenth diode is connected to the first terminal of the seventeenth resistor, the second terminal of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the first terminal of the eighteenth resistor and the first terminal of the nineteenth resistor, the second terminal of the eighteenth resistor and the first terminal of the twelfth capacitor are connected together to the voltage detection port of the preset control device, and the second terminal of the twelfth capacitor and the second terminal of the nineteenth resistor are used for grounding.

16. The circuit according to claim 13, characterized in that, The fourth control sub-circuit also includes a second reverse connection protection device, which includes an eighth transistor, a twentieth resistor, a twenty-first resistor, and a fifteenth diode. The eighth transistor is an NPN type. The first end of the twentieth resistor is grounded, the second end of the twentieth resistor is connected to the first end of the twentieth eleventh resistor and the base of the eighth transistor, the collector of the eighth transistor is connected to the output of the fourth control sub-circuit, the emitter of the eighth transistor is connected to the second end of the twentieth eleventh resistor and the anode of the fifteenth diode, and the cathode of the fifteenth diode is connected to the base bias power supply of the eighth transistor.

17. The circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that, The second power supply switching module includes a fifth switching sub-circuit and a fifth control sub-circuit. The fifth switching sub-circuit includes a sixth switching transistor. The gate of the sixth switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the fifth control sub-circuit. The source of the sixth switching transistor is connected to the second load. The drain of the sixth switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the power supply switching module and the second power control module.

18. The circuit according to claim 17, characterized in that, The fifth control sub-circuit includes a voltage adaptive protector.

19. The circuit according to claim 18, characterized in that, The fifth control sub-circuit also includes a fifth bootstrap booster, which includes a ninth transistor, a thirteenth transistor, a sixteenth diode, a seventeenth diode, a twenty-second resistor, a twenty-third resistor, a twenty-fourth resistor, a twenty-fifth resistor, a thirteenth capacitor, a fourteenth capacitor, and a fifteenth capacitor, wherein the ninth transistor is NPN type and the thirteenth transistor is PNP type. The first end of the 22nd resistor is connected to the signal port of the preset control device. The second end of the 22nd resistor is connected to the base of the 9th transistor. The emitter of the 9th transistor is grounded. The collector of the 9th transistor is connected to the first end of the 23rd resistor, the first end of the 24th resistor, and the first end of the 13th capacitor. The second end of the 23rd resistor and the emitter of the 13th transistor are connected to the output of the voltage adaptive protector. The base of the 13th transistor is connected to the second end of the 24th resistor. The collector of the 13th transistor is connected to the first end of the 14th capacitor and the anode of the 16th diode. The cathode of the 16th diode is connected to the second end of the 13th capacitor and the anode of the 17th diode. The cathode of the 17th diode, the first end of the 15th capacitor, and the first end of the 25th resistor are connected to the output of the fifth control sub-circuit. The second ends of the 14th capacitor, the 15th capacitor, and the 25th resistor are grounded.

20. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a power supply control circuit as described in any one of claims 1-19.

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