S-band transceiver and communication device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of S wave band transceiver and communication equipment, wherein, S wave band transceiver includes shell and is arranged in the first transceiving component of shell, selected section filter group, second transceiving component and power supply and control component, radio frequency switch is also provided, the controlled end of the radio frequency switch is electrically connected with the control end of the power supply and control component, for realizing the switching of emission / reception channel, or realizing the frequency band selection of radio frequency signal.Compared with traditional S wave band transceiver module, the present application adopts transceiving integrated design, by compact layout and high-density integration, significantly reduce module volume and improve structural reliability;Transceiving link is switched using radio frequency switch, synchronously driven by power supply and control component, while avoiding mutual interference of transceiving signal, realizing channel high-speed switching.At the same time, the present application selects section filter group to select the frequency band of radio frequency signal, enhances spectrum detection resolution, supports dynamic interference avoidance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an S-band transceiver and communication equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the existing technology field, traditional S-band transceiver modules mainly focus on basic communication functions, and their design has several significant limitations. These modules typically only have conventional signal reception capabilities and lack the ability to actively sense and detect complex electromagnetic environments, making them difficult to adapt to the application requirements of modern electronic warfare or dynamic spectrum management.

[0003] Secondly, the module exhibits poor performance in key timing indicators during transmit / receive state switching, with prolonged carrier setup and settling times leading to delayed communication link recovery and impacting the system's real-time response efficiency. Furthermore, limited by traditional transceiver compartmentalized design, the module is generally large and bulky, failing to meet the current trend towards miniaturization and integration in electronic devices. Finally, its design is weak in terms of reliability, maintainability, and testability, resulting in a relatively high failure rate, difficult maintenance and diagnosis, and a lack of effective in-situ testing methods, significantly increasing the overall lifecycle costs. These inherent defects collectively restrict the widespread application of traditional S-band transceiver modules in modern high-performance, high-reliability RF systems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this invention is to propose an S-band transceiver device and communication equipment, which aims to solve the technical defects of traditional S-band transceiver modules, such as lack of electromagnetic environment perception, extended transmission and reception switching time, bulky size, and insufficient reliability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes an S-band transceiver device for use in communication equipment. The communication equipment includes an antenna, a baseband processing device, a housing, and a first transceiver component, a selective filter group, a second transceiver component, and a power supply and control component disposed within the housing. The first transceiver component, the selective filter group, and the second transceiver component are electrically connected in sequence to form a transmit / receive channel. The power supply and control components are used to process the input power supply and output it, and to output corresponding control signals according to the received signals. The selected filter bank is used to select the frequency band of the input radio frequency signal and output it. The first transceiver component is electrically connected to the antenna at one end and to the segment filter group at the other end. It is used to process the radio frequency signal received by the antenna and transmit it to the segment filter group, or to process the radio frequency signal output by the segment filter group and transmit it through the antenna. The second transceiver component is electrically connected at one end to the baseband processing device and at the other end to the segment filter group. It is used to process the radio frequency signal output by the segment filter group and transmit it to the baseband processing device, or to process the radio frequency signal output by the baseband processing device and transmit it to the segment filter group. The selected filter group, the first transceiver component, and the second transceiver component are each equipped with a radio frequency switch. The controlled terminal of the radio frequency switch is electrically connected to the control terminal of the power supply and control component, and is used to realize the switching of the transmit / receive channel or to realize the frequency band selection of the radio frequency signal.

[0006] In one embodiment, the segmented filter bank: A filter bank, comprising filters across multiple frequency bands; The second radio frequency switch includes a common terminal and multiple selection terminals. Each selection terminal of the second radio frequency switch is connected to one end of each filter, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the second transceiver component. The third radio frequency switch includes a common terminal and multiple select terminals. Each select terminal of the third radio frequency switch is connected to the other end of each filter, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the first transceiver component. The controlled terminals of the second and third RF switches are electrically connected to the control terminals of the power supply and control components to enable frequency band selection of the RF signal.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first transceiver component includes: The first transmitting component is used to process the radio frequency signal output by the segmented filter bank and then transmit it through the antenna. The first receiving component is used to process the radio frequency signal received by the antenna and then transmit it to the segment filter bank; The preselection filter is electrically connected to the antenna at one end. The fifth radio frequency switch includes a common terminal and two selection terminals. One selection terminal of the fifth radio frequency switch is connected to the output terminal of the first transmitting component, the other selection terminal is connected to the input terminal of the first receiving component, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the other end of the preselection filter. The fourth radio frequency switch includes a common terminal and two selection terminals. One selection terminal of the fourth radio frequency switch is connected to the input terminal of the first transmitting component, the other selection terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first receiving component, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the common terminal of the third radio frequency switch.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first transmitting component includes a driver amplifier and a power amplifier; the first receiving component includes a limiter and a low-noise amplifier.

[0009] In one embodiment, the power amplifier includes a gallium nitride power transistor.

[0010] In one embodiment, the second transceiver component includes: A first radio frequency switch includes a common terminal and two selection terminals, wherein the common terminal of the first radio frequency switch is electrically connected to the common terminal of a second radio frequency switch. The second transmitting component has its input end electrically connected to the baseband processing device and its output end electrically connected to one of the selection terminals of the first radio frequency switch. It is used to process the radio frequency signal output by the baseband processing device and then transmit it to the segment filter. The second receiving component is electrically connected to one of the selection terminals of the first RF switch at its input terminal and electrically connected to the baseband processing device at its output terminal. It is used to process the RF signal output by the segment filter bank and then transmit it to the baseband processing device.

[0011] In one embodiment, the second transmitting component includes a bandpass filter, a first transmitting amplifier, a second transmitting amplifier, and an electronically controlled attenuator; the second receiving component includes a first receiving amplifier, a second receiving amplifier, and a low-pass filter.

[0012] In one embodiment, the power supply and control components include: A DC-DC circuit has its input terminal electrically connected to an external power supply and is used to process the input power supply before outputting it. The LDO circuit has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the DC-DC circuit, and is used to process the power supply output by the DC-DC circuit before outputting it. The logic control circuit has its input terminal electrically connected to an external control component, and its control terminal electrically connected to the controlled terminals of the first transceiver component, the segmented filter bank, and the second transceiver component. It is used to output corresponding control signals based on the received signals.

[0013] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a communication device, including the S-band transceiver as described above.

[0014] In one embodiment of a communication device, an antenna and a baseband processing device are also included, wherein the antenna and the baseband processing device are electrically connected to the S-band transceiver.

[0015] This application includes a housing and a first transceiver component, a selective filter bank, a second transceiver component, and a power supply and control component disposed within the housing. The first transceiver component, the selective filter bank, and the second transceiver component are electrically connected sequentially to form a transmit / receive channel. Compared to traditional S-band transceiver modules, this application adopts an integrated transceiver design. Through compact layout and high-density integration, it significantly reduces the module size and improves structural reliability. The transceiver link is switched using an RF switch, synchronously driven by the power supply and control components, achieving high-speed channel switching while avoiding mutual interference between transmit and receive signals. Simultaneously, this application uses a selective filter bank to select the frequency band for the RF signal, enhancing spectrum detection resolution and supporting dynamic interference avoidance. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an S-band transceiver device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the S-band transceiver of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the S-band transceiver device of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 3 of the S-band transceiver device of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 4 of the S-band transceiver device of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 5 of the S-band transceiver device of this utility model.

[0018] Reference numerals: First transceiver component 01, First transmitter component 11, First receiver component 12, Preselection filter 13, Fourth RF switch 14, Fifth RF switch 15, Segment filter group 02, Filter group 21, Second RF switch 22, Third RF switch 23, Second transceiver component 03, First RF switch 31, Second transmitter component 32, Second receiver component 33, Power supply and control component 04.

[0019] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0022] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, if the word "and / or" appears throughout the text, it means including three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0023] This application discloses an S-band transceiver for use in communication equipment, the communication equipment including an antenna and a baseband processing device, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a housing and a first transceiver assembly 01, a segment filter group 02, a second transceiver assembly 03 and a power supply and control assembly 04 disposed within the housing; the first transceiver assembly 01, the segment filter group 02 and the second transceiver assembly 03 are electrically connected in sequence to form a transmit / receive channel; The power supply and control component 04 is used to process the input power supply and output it, and to output corresponding control signals according to the received signals; the band selection filter group 02 is used to select the frequency band of the input radio frequency signal and output it; the first transceiver component 01 is electrically connected to the antenna at one end and to the band selection filter group 02 at the other end, and is used to process the radio frequency signal received by the antenna and transmit it to the band selection filter group 02, or process the radio frequency signal output by the band selection filter group 02 and transmit it through the antenna; the second transceiver component 03, one One end is electrically connected to the baseband processing device, and the other end is electrically connected to the segment filter group 02. It is used to process the radio frequency signal output by the segment filter group 02 and transmit it to the baseband processing device, or to process the radio frequency signal output by the baseband processing device and transmit it to the segment filter group 02. The segment filter group 02, the first transceiver component 01 and the second transceiver component 03 are respectively provided with radio frequency switches. The controlled end of the radio frequency switch is electrically connected to the control end of the power supply and control component 04, and is used to realize the switching of the transmit / receive channel or the selection of the frequency band of the radio frequency signal.

[0024] More specifically, in the existing technology field, the design of traditional S-band transceiver modules has long focused on the implementation of basic communication functions, and its core limitation is primarily the lack of environmental awareness. These modules typically use fixed transceiver links, passively processing signals in preset frequency bands. They cannot actively scan and detect the surrounding electromagnetic environment, nor do they possess real-time identification and avoidance mechanisms for interference signals. The root cause lies in the separation of "communication" and "sensing" functions in the architectural design, resulting in the inability to reuse hardware resources. The industry has attempted to enhance sensing capabilities through external spectrum analysis units, but this leads to increased system size and signal path delay, exacerbating the module's inherent defects. Secondly, insufficient transceiver switching timing performance constitutes a key bottleneck. Traditional modules rely on mechanical RF switches and serial control logic during transmit and receive state transitions, resulting in significantly prolonged carrier setup time. The underlying reason is the physical lag of the switching devices and the step-by-step delay in the transmission of control commands. While existing improvements have introduced solid-state switching devices, the increased complexity of the drive circuitry leads to a surge in power consumption and cost, failing to fundamentally address the real-time response requirements in high-dynamic scenarios.

[0025] Furthermore, the low utilization rate of physical space severely restricts the development of integration. Limited by the traditional "transmit and receive separate cavities" design paradigm, the transmit and receive links must be isolated and arranged in independent shielded cavities. This not only significantly increases the module's size but also leads to reduced thermal management efficiency due to the segmented heat dissipation paths. Although modular design can improve maintenance convenience, the inherent space redundancy problem of the separate cavity structure persists, creating a sharp contradiction with the trend of miniaturization and lightweighting in modern equipment. Finally, weak reliability assurance mechanisms drive up the overall lifecycle maintenance costs. Traditional designs lack sufficient support for fault diagnosis and health management; fault location relies on offline testing equipment, and the maintenance process requires disassembling multiple levels of hardware. Simultaneously, the lack of in-situ testing capabilities makes it difficult to provide early warnings of latent faults. Although some high-end modules attempt to integrate diagnostic circuits, they fall into a "weight-increase and efficiency-decrease" dilemma due to the failure to restructure the underlying architecture, making it difficult to balance reliability improvement with size and power consumption constraints.

[0026] To address the aforementioned systemic deficiencies, this application proposes an S-band transceiver device for use in communication equipment, which includes an antenna and a baseband processing unit. This application includes a housing and within the housing are a first transceiver component 01, a selective filter group 02, a second transceiver component 03, and a power supply and control component 04. The first transceiver component 01, the selective filter group 02, and the second transceiver component 03 are sequentially electrically connected to form a transmit / receive channel.

[0027] It should be noted that the signal transmission process of a typical wireless communication device includes a bidirectional processing link. In the signal transmission direction, the raw information is first digitized and modulated by the baseband processing unit to generate a baseband signal containing amplitude and phase information. This signal is then converted into an analog waveform by a digital-to-analog converter and enters the intermediate frequency modulation stage. It is boosted to the intermediate frequency by mixing with the local oscillator signal and then passes through a bandpass filter to remove harmonic components generated by mixing. Subsequently, the signal enters the radio frequency front end, where it is further shifted to the target radio frequency band by secondary mixing. The power amplifier boosts the signal to a radiation level, and finally, the antenna system converts it into electromagnetic waves for radiation into space. In the signal reception direction, the antenna captures the spatial electromagnetic waves and converts them into a weak electrical signal. After initial amplification by a low-noise amplifier, the pre-selection filter 13 suppresses strong out-of-band interference. The received signal is mixed with the local oscillator and down-frequencyed to the intermediate frequency. The signal amplitude is stabilized by an automatic gain control circuit and sampled into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter. Finally, the baseband processor completes carrier synchronization, symbol decision, and channel decoding to restore the original information stream. This complete link involves the coordinated work of multiple functional modules such as baseband processing, frequency conversion, power management, and electromagnetic conversion.

[0028] The S-band transceiver proposed in this application is located in the radio frequency processing stage of the above process, directly undertaking the critical conversion task of high-frequency signals. Its front end connects to the antenna system through a radio frequency port, responsible for the conversion interface between spatial electromagnetic waves and electrical signals; its back end interconnects with the baseband processing device through a digital bus, realizing the interaction between modulation control commands and baseband data. At the physical implementation level, this device fully integrates the functions of the radio frequency transceiver module, intermediate frequency conversion module, and frequency band selection module that exist independently in the traditional architecture.

[0029] The power supply and control component 04 can be understood as performing a dual core function: firstly, converting external input power into multiple regulated DC channels to meet the power supply requirements of different RF chips; secondly, parsing instructions from the baseband processing device and generating synchronization control signals to coordinate the overall system operation. Specifically, the power supply and control component 04 includes a DC-DC circuit, an LDO circuit, and a logic control circuit. After external power is input, it undergoes a wide voltage drop reduction by the DC-DC module, and then a low-dropout linear regulator (LDO) generates ultra-low ripple ±5V and +3.3V voltage rails, which are distributed to each RF component through the topology power supply network. When the external control component sends a "transmit / receive" switching or "band selection" command, the control logic unit completes command decoding within microseconds → generates three synchronization pulses → drives the RF switch group to operate in coordination. The key innovation lies in ensuring precise synchronization of the switching moments of multiple switches through phase alignment technology. Each of the segment filter bank 02, the first transceiver component 01, and the second transceiver component 03 is equipped with a radio frequency switch. The controlled terminal of the radio frequency switch is electrically connected to the control terminal of the power supply and control component 04, and is used to switch the transmit / receive channel or to select the frequency band of the radio frequency signal. By replacing traditional mechanical relays and discrete control circuits with distributed switch control, the frequency band switching speed is increased exponentially while maintaining radio frequency performance. At the same time, the risk of state conflict when multiple components cooperate is eliminated, which can adapt to scenarios with high requirements for transmit / receive switching.

[0030] The band selection filter bank 02 is used to select and output the frequency band of the input RF signal. Specifically, it dynamically filters the signal energy of the target communication frequency band, suppresses adjacent channel interference and out-of-band noise, and completes electronic switching of the operating frequency band in milliseconds to meet system reconfiguration requirements. The band selection filter bank 02 includes dynamic selection of 8 independent sub-frequency bands. Electronic switch control replaces traditional mechanical tuning, solving the contradiction between fast frequency band switching and out-of-band suppression in broadband systems. In the receiving mode, the broadband signal input from the first transceiver component 01 enters the switch matrix, and the switch channel corresponding to the target sub-frequency band is turned on according to the control signal. When the signal of the selected frequency band flows through the corresponding filter, its narrow bandpass characteristic will filter out out-of-band clutter, and the clean signal is output to the second transceiver component 03. In the transmitting mode, the modulated signal input to the second transceiver component 03 is transmitted in reverse along the same path, and after the power amplifier harmonics are suppressed by the gating filter, it is output to the first transceiver component 01.

[0031] The first transceiver component 01 is electrically connected to the antenna at one end and to the selective filter group 02 at the other end. As the first stage of antenna interface and RF signal processing, it preprocesses the weak RF signal captured by the antenna in the receiving channel, such as filtering interference and amplifying the signal, and outputs it to the selective filter group 02 for fine-tuning of the frequency band. In the transmitting channel, it enhances the power and shapes the spectrum of the clean RF signal output from the selective filter group 02, and then radiates it efficiently through the antenna. The second transceiver component 03 is electrically connected to the baseband processing device at one end and to the selective filter group 02 at the other end. In the transmitting channel, the second transceiver component 03 performs spectrum shaping and power optimization on the baseband-modulated RF signal before sending it to the selective filter group 02. In the receiving channel, it restores the gain and removes harmonics from the channel signal output from the selective filter group 02 before transmitting it to the baseband.

[0032] This application includes a housing and a first transceiver component 01, a segment selection filter group 02, a second transceiver component 03, and a power supply and control component 04 disposed within the housing. The first transceiver component 01, the segment selection filter group 02, and the second transceiver component 03 are electrically connected sequentially to form a transmit / receive channel. Compared to traditional S-band transceiver modules, this application adopts an integrated transceiver design, significantly reducing module size and improving structural reliability through compact layout and high-density integration. The transceiver link is switched using an RF switch, synchronously driven by the power supply and control component 04, achieving high-speed channel switching while avoiding mutual interference between transmit and receive signals. Simultaneously, this application uses the segment selection filter group 02 to select the frequency band for the RF signal, enhancing spectrum detection resolution and supporting dynamic interference avoidance.

[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the segmented filter bank 02: The filter bank 21 includes filters for multiple frequency bands; the second RF switch 22 includes a common terminal and multiple selection terminals, each selection terminal of the second RF switch 22 is connected to one end of each filter, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the second transceiver component 03; the third RF switch 23 includes a common terminal and multiple selection terminals, each selection terminal of the third RF switch 23 is connected to the other end of each filter, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the first transceiver component 01; wherein, the controlled terminals of the second RF switch 22 and the third RF switch 23 are electrically connected to the control terminal of the power supply and control component 04, for realizing frequency band selection of RF signals.

[0034] Specifically, filter bank 21 consists of eight filters with different frequencies. Each filter's bandwidth strictly divides the total operating bandwidth equally, and a guard interval is maintained between adjacent frequency bands to avoid crosstalk. Combined with the second RF switch 22 and the third RF switch 23, dynamic selection of eight independent sub-bands is achieved within a total bandwidth of 1040MHz. Electronic switch control replaces traditional mechanical tuning, resolving the conflicting requirements of rapid frequency band switching and out-of-band suppression in broadband systems. Each filter acts as a "gatekeeper" for its corresponding sub-band. It possesses narrowband pass characteristics, meaning it only allows signals within a narrow range near its own tuning center frequency to pass efficiently, while exhibiting extremely high attenuation for signals deviating from this center frequency. Simply put, each filter is responsible for accurately extracting or purifying the signal of its corresponding sub-band.

[0035] The third RF switch 23 has a common terminal and multiple select terminals. The number of select terminals corresponds one-to-one with the number of sub-filters in filter bank 21. Its common terminal is permanently connected to the signal output / input point of the first transceiver component 01, depending on whether it is a transmit or receive channel. Each select terminal is connected to one end of the corresponding sub-filter in filter bank 21. In receive mode, it receives the broadband RF signal from the first transceiver component 01 and, according to control commands, directs the signal to the input of the filter corresponding to the target sub-band in filter bank 21. In transmit mode, it is responsible for collecting the clean signal from the selected filter in filter bank 21 and routing it back to the first transceiver component 01. The second RF switch 22 is similar in structure to the third RF switch 23, also a multi-port RF electronic switch with a common terminal and multiple select terminals. The number of select terminals also matches the number of filters. The second RF switch 22 and the third RF switch 23 work together to form a bidirectional signal routing channel. In receive mode, it is responsible for collecting the clean narrowband signal after out-of-band noise has been filtered out by the target sub-filter and routing it to the second transceiver component 03 for further processing. In transmit mode, it receives the modulated signal from the second transceiver component 03 and directs it to the input of the filter corresponding to the target sub-band in filter bank 21.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first transceiver component 01 includes: The first transmitting component 11 is used to process the radio frequency signal output by the segment filter group 02 and transmit it through the antenna; the first receiving component 12 is used to process the radio frequency signal received by the antenna and transmit it to the segment filter group 02; the pre-selection filter 13 is electrically connected to the antenna at one end; the fifth radio frequency switch 15 includes a common terminal and two selection terminals, one selection terminal of the fifth radio frequency switch 15 is connected to the output terminal of the first transmitting component 11, the other selection terminal is connected to the input terminal of the first receiving component 12, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the other end of the pre-selection filter 13; the fourth radio frequency switch 14 includes a common terminal and two selection terminals, one selection terminal of the fourth radio frequency switch 14 is connected to the input terminal of the first transmitting component 11, the other selection terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first receiving component 12, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the common terminal of the third radio frequency switch 23.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first transceiver component 01 is directly connected to the antenna, responsible for initial signal processing and routing at the antenna interface, and acts as a bridge between the segmented filter bank 02 and the antenna. Its core design objectives are: during reception, to effectively preprocess the extremely weak and mixed-interference RF signal from the antenna, improving signal quality and protecting subsequent circuits; during transmission, to amplify the RF signal purified by the segmented filter bank 02 to sufficient power for efficient antenna radiation; and simultaneously, to achieve fast, reliable, and highly isolated switching between the transceiver channels to prevent mutual interference between the transmitted and received signals. This component achieves these objectives through a sophisticated switching network and functional modules.

[0038] The preselector filter 13 is located at the very beginning of the signal path. One end is directly connected to the antenna feed port, making it the first device the antenna must pass through when receiving or transmitting signals; the other end is connected to the common terminal of the fifth RF switch 15. During reception, it performs preliminary screening of electromagnetic environment signals captured by the antenna, covering a very wide frequency spectrum. It allows signals across the entire S-band operating bandwidth to pass relatively unimpeded, while strongly suppressing potentially strong out-of-band interference signals outside the operating bandwidth. This protects subsequent sensitive receiving circuitry, especially the low-noise amplifier, from being blocked or damaged by strong interference. During transmission, it performs final out-of-band suppression on the signal about to be radiated through the antenna and output by the power amplifier. Although there is usually a filter after the power amplifier, the preselector filter 13 further filters out spurious and harmonic components that may be generated by the power amplifier or coupled in, falling outside the operating bandwidth, ensuring a clean transmit spectrum, meeting regulatory requirements, and avoiding interference with other systems.

[0039] The first receiving component 12 is responsible for performing critical front-end preprocessing on the received weak radio frequency signals. The first transmitting component 11 is responsible for amplifying the radio frequency signal to be transmitted to a sufficiently high power so that it can be effectively radiated into space through the antenna. The fifth radio frequency switch 15 and the fourth radio frequency switch 14 are signal routing switches connecting the internal processing module of the first transceiver component 01 and the segment filter group 02.

[0040] In receive mode, the antenna captures a signal, which first enters the pre-selection filter 13. The filter performs preliminary screening of the signal, allowing signals across the entire S-band operating bandwidth to pass through, while strongly suppressing strong interference signals outside the operating bandwidth to protect subsequent circuitry. The pre-selected signal reaches the common terminal of the fifth RF switch 15. At this time, the switch is in receive mode, and the common terminal is connected to the input terminal of the first receiving component 12, allowing the signal to be routed into the first receiving component 12. The amplified signal is output from the first receiving component 12 and reaches the fourth RF switch 14, which is connected to the common terminal of the third RF switch 23. The signal then enters the segment selection filter group 02 for further fine frequency band selection and out-of-band noise deep filtering. In transmit mode, the clean RF signal from the baseband, processed by the second transceiver component 03 and after frequency band selection and out-of-band suppression by the segment selection filter group 02, is connected to the common terminal of the fourth RF switch 14 via the third RF switch 23. At this time, the fourth switch is in transmit mode, and the common terminal is connected to the input terminal of the first transmitting component 11, allowing the signal to be routed into the first transmitting component 11. The high-power radio frequency signal, amplified by the first transmitting component 11, is output from the first transmitting component 11 and then output to the pre-selection filter 13 via the fifth radio frequency switch 15. The filter performs a final suppression of out-of-band spurious signals and harmonics on the high-power transmitted signal, ensuring that the spectrum of the finally radiated signal meets the specifications and will not interfere with other frequency bands. The clean high-power signal is finally efficiently converted into electromagnetic waves by the antenna and radiated into space.

[0041] In one embodiment, the first transmitting component 11 includes a driver amplifier and a power amplifier. The driver amplifier initially amplifies the relatively low-level, clean RF signal from the selected filter bank 02, providing sufficient drive power to the subsequent power amplifier. The driver stage typically operates in a relatively linear region, providing a suitable excitation signal to the power amplifier. The power amplifier receives the excitation signal from the driver amplifier and amplifies it to the final transmit power level required by the system. The power amplifier needs to have high conversion efficiency and provide sufficient gain and output power within a specified operating frequency band. Its linearity is also a key indicator, especially when transmitting modulated signals, to avoid signal distortion and spectral regeneration.

[0042] The first receiving component 12 includes a limiter and a low-noise amplifier. The limiter can instantaneously protect subsequent circuits from sudden high-power signals, such as short-range radar signals, coupling signals from other high-power transmitters, and electrostatic discharge. When the input signal power exceeds a safe threshold, the limiter will quickly activate, significantly attenuating the strong signal and clamping it below a safe power level to prevent damage to the low-noise amplifier. During normal reception of weak signals, the loss and distortion it introduces should be minimal.

[0043] A low-noise amplifier (LNO) amplifies a weak received signal while introducing as little of its own noise as possible. Since the signal level is lowest as it enters from the antenna, the system noise figure is primarily determined at this stage. The LNO needs to provide sufficient gain (typically in the tens to tens of decibels) to boost the signal to a level that subsequent circuits can process, while simultaneously generating extremely low noise to avoid drowning out the weak, effective signal.

[0044] In one embodiment, the power amplifier includes a gallium nitride power transistor.

[0045] In this embodiment, the final-stage power amplifier of the transmit channel is a key component for achieving efficient and reliable RF power radiation in the entire system. To meet the stringent requirements of miniaturization, high efficiency, and high power output, this power amplifier innovatively employs gallium nitride (GaN) semiconductor technology as its core power device. Due to GaN's high breakdown voltage and high power density characteristics, this final-stage power amplifier can stably output high-level RF power, such as 37dBm (approximately 5W), meeting the system's requirements, providing power assurance for effective long-distance signal transmission. The physical characteristics of GaN devices result in lower energy loss during power conversion. High electron mobility reduces on-resistance loss, and good thermal management reduces heat waste. This significantly improves the conversion efficiency when converting DC power to RF output energy. The achievement of the target power at a specific power consumption (28V / 0.6A), as mentioned in the description, is a direct manifestation of high efficiency. It reduces the power supply burden, extends the operating time of battery-powered devices, and reduces the design difficulty and cost of the heat dissipation system. Reduced heat generation means lower device operating temperature, longer lifespan, and better stability. High power density is the cornerstone of miniaturization. GaN power amplifier chips can be smaller, and the external matching circuits can be simplified due to their high impedance characteristics, allowing the entire final stage power amplifier circuit to be integrated into an extremely limited space, meeting the design goal of "miniaturized S-band transceiver module". The inherent broadband characteristics of GaN devices help the power amplifier maintain relatively flat gain and efficiency throughout the entire S-band operating frequency band, simplifying the design process.

[0046] This GaN power amplifier features switchable transmit power at two levels: high and low. This means the system can dynamically adjust its transmit power level according to actual communication needs. The power level switching command originates from the power supply and control component 04. This component generates corresponding control signals based on instructions from the baseband processing device or system strategy, precisely adjusting the amplifier's operating state. Simultaneously, by dynamically adjusting the output power level, it accommodates the needs of terminal devices in both long-distance communication and short-distance energy-saving scenarios, extending device battery life and reducing electromagnetic interference.

[0047] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the second transceiver component 03 includes: The first RF switch 31 includes a common terminal and two selection terminals, and the common terminal of the first RF switch 31 is electrically connected to the common terminal of the second RF switch 22; the second transmitting component 32 has an input terminal electrically connected to the baseband processing device and an output terminal electrically connected to one of the selection terminals of the first RF switch 31, and is used to process the RF signal output by the baseband processing device and transmit it to the segment filter; the second receiving component 33 has an input terminal electrically connected to one of the selection terminals of the first RF switch 31 and an output terminal electrically connected to the baseband processing device, and is used to process the RF signal output by the segment filter group 02 and transmit it to the baseband processing device.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first RF switch 31 serves as the core scheduling node for signal routing. Through hard switching of the physical path, it achieves complete isolation between the transmit and receive links, avoiding crosstalk from signals operating at the same frequency. Simultaneously, it forms a cascaded control architecture with the second RF switch 22, improving channel switching reliability. The second transmit component 32 performs noise suppression, power amplification, and dynamic power adjustment on the RF signal output from the baseband, ensuring a pure and controllable transmit signal. The second receive component 33 performs low-noise amplification, gain compensation, and out-of-band interference suppression on the received signal output from the segment filter, improving the signal-to-noise ratio and adapting to baseband processing requirements.

[0049] In the receiving state, the signal captured by the antenna and processed by the first receiving component 12 is frequency-selected by the segment selection filter group 02, and then connected to the first RF switch 31 via the second RF switch 22, and selected by the first RF switch 31. The signal enters the second receiving component 33, which converts it into a clean signal that meets the baseband demodulation requirements through low-noise amplification and interference suppression. In the transmitting state, the signal from the baseband enters the second transmitting component 32, which progressively boosts the low-power modulated signal output by the baseband processing device to a high-power RF signal that meets the space radiation requirements, while maintaining the signal spectral purity and amplitude stability during the process. Subsequently, the signal is transmitted to the segment selection filter group 02 via the second RF switch 22.

[0050] In one embodiment, the second transmitting component 32 includes a bandpass filter, a first transmitting amplifier, a second transmitting amplifier, and an electrically controlled attenuator. The bandpass filter receives the modulated radio frequency signal from the baseband processing device, filters out out-of-band spurious and harmonic components, ensures the purity of the transmitted spectrum, and avoids interference with other frequency band devices. The first transmitting amplifier performs primary gain boosting on the filtered radio frequency signal to compensate for subsequent link losses and provide sufficient driving capability for the signal. The second transmitting amplifier performs secondary amplification on the signal to further optimize the signal amplitude and ensure that the input level requirements of the final stage power amplifier are met. The electrically controlled attenuator dynamically adjusts the signal strength through external TTL level commands to achieve transmitting power level switching.

[0051] The second receiving component 33 includes a first receiving amplifier, a second receiving amplifier, and a low-pass filter. The first receiving amplifier receives the weak radio frequency signal from the segmented filter bank 02, performs low-noise pre-amplification, improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and suppresses noise introduced by subsequent circuits; the second receiving amplifier performs secondary gain compensation on the signal, optimizes the signal amplitude to the level required by the baseband processing circuit, and maintains linearity to avoid distortion; the low-pass filter filters out high-frequency harmonics and out-of-band interference in the amplifier output signal, retains effective baseband information, and ensures the purity of the signal transmitted to the baseband processing device.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the power supply and control component 04 includes: The DC-DC circuit has its input terminal electrically connected to an external power supply and is used to process the input power supply before outputting it. The LDO circuit has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the DC-DC circuit and is used to process the output power supply of the DC-DC circuit before outputting it. The logic control circuit has its input terminal electrically connected to an external control component and its control terminal electrically connected to the controlled terminals of the first transceiver component 01, the segment filter group 02, and the second transceiver component 03, and is used to output corresponding control signals according to the received signals.

[0053] In essence, a DC-DC circuit converts external input power into the medium-voltage DC power required by the system, providing the main energy conversion channel. Its high-efficiency conversion significantly reduces system heat loss, providing the energy foundation for subsequent precision circuits. An LDO circuit performs secondary fine-tuning of the DC-DC output voltage, eliminating residual ripple noise and providing "ultra-clean" power to RF and logic circuits. Its low dropout voltage ensures efficient operation even when input and output voltages are close. The logic control circuit is the system's coordination hub. By parsing external control commands, it generates precise timing control signals, coordinating the synchronous operation of transceiver components, segmented filter bank 02, and other modules to ensure the system operates in a time-sharing and orderly manner.

[0054] Based on the above embodiments, the working process of this embodiment is as follows: The radio frequency signal received by the antenna is filtered out of out-of-band clutter by the pre-selection filter 13, and the broadband radio frequency signal is retained and output to the fifth radio frequency switch 15. The fifth radio frequency switch 15 selects the output to the limiter. The limiter outputs the radio frequency signal to the low noise amplifier for amplification. After amplification, the signal is output to the fourth radio frequency switch 14. The fourth radio frequency switch 14 sends the signal to the segmentation filter group 02 composed of the third radio frequency switch 23, the filter, and the second radio frequency switch 22. After segmentation by the segmentation filter group 02, the signal is selected by the first radio frequency switch 31 to the first receiving amplifier for amplification. After amplification, the signal is amplified again by the second receiving amplifier and then filtered out by the low-pass filter before being output to the baseband processing.

[0055] The baseband-modulated radio frequency (RF) signal is filtered out for out-of-band spurious signals by a bandpass filter and then output to the first transmit amplifier. The first transmit amplifier amplifies the RF signal and outputs it to the second transmit amplifier. The second transmit amplifier amplifies the RF signal and outputs it to an electronically controlled attenuator. The electronically controlled attenuator controls the power level and outputs the signal to the first RF switch 31 for selection. The first RF switch 31 sends the signal to a segmentation filter group 02, which consists of the second RF switch 22, the filter, and the third RF switch 23. After segmentation by the segmentation filter group 02, the signal is sent to the fourth RF switch 14. The fourth RF switch 14 selects the driver amplifier to amplify the signal. After power amplification by the power amplifier, the signal is sent to the fifth RF switch 15. The power signal is then selected by the fifth RF switch 15 and filtered out for out-of-band spurious signals by the pre-selection filter 13 before being transmitted through the antenna. The external power supply is processed by a DC-DC circuit and output to the LDO circuit, which then outputs the required power voltage for the receiver amplifier, transmitter amplifier, and control.

[0056] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a communication device, including the S-band transceiver as described above. The S-band transceiver includes a housing and a first transceiver component 01, a selective filter group 02, a second transceiver component 03, and a power supply and control component 04 disposed within the housing; the first transceiver component 01, the selective filter group 02, and the second transceiver component 03 are sequentially electrically connected to form a transmit / receive channel. The power supply and control component 04 is used to process the input power supply and output it, and to output corresponding control signals according to the received signals; the band selection filter group 02 is used to select the frequency band of the input radio frequency signal and output it; the first transceiver component 01 is electrically connected to the antenna at one end and to the band selection filter group 02 at the other end, and is used to process the radio frequency signal received by the antenna and transmit it to the band selection filter group 02, or process the radio frequency signal output by the band selection filter group 02 and transmit it through the antenna; the second transceiver component 03, one One end is electrically connected to the baseband processing device, and the other end is electrically connected to the segment filter group 02. This is used to process the radio frequency (RF) signal output from the segment filter group 02 and transmit it to the baseband processing device, or to process the RF signal output from the baseband processing device and transmit it to the segment filter group 02. Each of the segment filter group 02, the first transceiver component 01, and the second transceiver component 03 contains an RF switch. The controlled end of each RF switch is electrically connected to the control end of the power supply and control component 04, used to switch the transmit / receive channels or select the frequency band of the RF signal. Compared to traditional S-band transceiver modules, this application adopts an integrated transceiver design. Through compact layout and high-density integration, it significantly reduces the module size and improves structural reliability. The transceiver link is switched using RF switches, synchronously driven by the power supply and control component 04, achieving high-speed channel switching while avoiding mutual interference between transmit and receive signals. Simultaneously, this application uses the segment filter group 02 to select the frequency band of the RF signal, enhancing spectrum detection resolution and supporting dynamic interference avoidance.

[0057] In one embodiment of a communication device, an antenna and a baseband processing unit are also included, wherein the antenna, the baseband processing unit, and the S-band transceiver are electrically connected. The antenna realizes the mutual conversion between electromagnetic waves propagating in free space and guided electrical signals inside the device. As the physical interface of the wireless communication system, its radiation characteristics directly determine the signal coverage and communication quality. The baseband processing unit completes the core processing of information flow in the digital domain: during transmission, it converts the raw data into a modulated waveform suitable for wireless transmission; during reception, it recovers effective information from noise and realizes full-stack management of the communication protocol stack. In the transmission link, the baseband processing unit receives user data, generates baseband I / Q signals through encoding and modulation, and transmits them through a shielded cable to the second transmitting component 32 of the S-band transceiver to upconvert the baseband signal to radio frequency. After segment filtering, the signal is radiated into space by the antenna. In the receiving link, the antenna captures spatial electromagnetic wave signals, the first receiving component 12 performs low-noise amplification, the segment filter bank 02 extracts the target frequency band, the second receiving component 33 downconverts the signal to intermediate frequency, and the baseband processing unit completes digital demodulation.

[0058] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An S-band transceiver, applied to communication equipment, the communication equipment comprising an antenna and a baseband processing device, characterized in that, The device includes a housing and a first transceiver assembly, a segment filter group, a second transceiver assembly, and a power supply and control assembly disposed within the housing. The first transceiver assembly, the segment filter group, and the second transceiver assembly are electrically connected in sequence to form a transmit / receive channel. The power supply and control components are used to process the input power supply and output it, and to output corresponding control signals according to the received signals. The selected filter bank is used to select the frequency band of the input radio frequency signal and output it. The first transceiver component is electrically connected to the antenna at one end and to the segment filter group at the other end. It is used to process the radio frequency signal received by the antenna and transmit it to the segment filter group, or to process the radio frequency signal output by the segment filter group and transmit it through the antenna. The second transceiver component is electrically connected at one end to the baseband processing device and at the other end to the segment filter group. It is used to process the radio frequency signal output by the segment filter group and transmit it to the baseband processing device, or to process the radio frequency signal output by the baseband processing device and transmit it to the segment filter group. The selected filter group, the first transceiver component, and the second transceiver component are each equipped with a radio frequency switch. The controlled terminal of the radio frequency switch is electrically connected to the control terminal of the power supply and control component, and is used to realize the switching of the transmit / receive channel or to realize the frequency band selection of the radio frequency signal.

2. The S-band transceiver as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The segmented filter bank: A filter bank, comprising filters across multiple frequency bands; The second radio frequency switch includes a common terminal and multiple selection terminals. Each selection terminal of the second radio frequency switch is connected to one end of each filter, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the second transceiver component. The third radio frequency switch includes a common terminal and multiple select terminals. Each select terminal of the third radio frequency switch is connected to the other end of each filter, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the first transceiver component. The controlled terminals of the second and third RF switches are electrically connected to the control terminals of the power supply and control components to enable frequency band selection of the RF signal.

3. The S-band transceiver as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first transceiver component includes: The first transmitting component is used to process the radio frequency signal output by the segmented filter bank and then transmit it through the antenna. The first receiving component is used to process the radio frequency signal received by the antenna and then transmit it to the segment filter bank; The preselection filter is electrically connected to the antenna at one end. The fifth radio frequency switch includes a common terminal and two selection terminals. One selection terminal of the fifth radio frequency switch is connected to the output terminal of the first transmitting component, the other selection terminal is connected to the input terminal of the first receiving component, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the other end of the preselection filter. The fourth radio frequency switch includes a common terminal and two selection terminals. One selection terminal of the fourth radio frequency switch is connected to the input terminal of the first transmitting component, the other selection terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first receiving component, and the common terminal is electrically connected to the common terminal of the third radio frequency switch.

4. The S-band transceiver as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first transmitting component includes a driver amplifier and a power amplifier; the first receiving component includes a limiter and a low-noise amplifier.

5. The S-band transceiver as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The power amplifier includes a gallium nitride power transistor.

6. The S-band transceiver as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second transceiver component includes: A first radio frequency switch includes a common terminal and two selection terminals, wherein the common terminal of the first radio frequency switch is electrically connected to the common terminal of a second radio frequency switch. The second transmitting component has an input terminal electrically connected to the baseband processing device and an output terminal electrically connected to one of the selection terminals of the first radio frequency switch. It is used to process the radio frequency signal output by the baseband processing device and then transmit it to the segment filter. The second receiving component is electrically connected to one of the selection terminals of the first RF switch at its input terminal and electrically connected to the baseband processing device at its output terminal. It is used to process the RF signal output by the segment filter bank and then transmit it to the baseband processing device.

7. The S-band transceiver as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The second transmitting component includes a bandpass filter, a first transmitting amplifier, a second transmitting amplifier, and an electronically controlled attenuator; the second receiving component includes a first receiving amplifier, a second receiving amplifier, and a low-pass filter.

8. The S-band transceiver as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply and control components include: A DC-DC circuit has its input terminal electrically connected to an external power supply and is used to process the input power supply before outputting it. The LDO circuit has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the DC-DC circuit, and is used to process the power supply output by the DC-DC circuit before outputting it. The logic control circuit has its input terminal electrically connected to an external control component, and its control terminal electrically connected to the controlled terminals of the first transceiver component, the segmented filter bank, and the second transceiver component. It is used to output corresponding control signals based on the received signals.

9. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes the S-band transceiver as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The communication device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes an antenna and a baseband processing device, which are electrically connected to the S-band transceiver.

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