A new type of mariculture system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel mariculture system, including water storage tank, water storage pool, deep well, heat pump and a plurality of breeding pond, heat pump and water storage pool intercommunication for heating the water in water storage pool, deep well and water storage pool intercommunication, and deep well is used to fill up water storage pool, water storage pool and water storage tank intercommunication, and the water heated in water storage pool leads to water storage tank, and the water inlet of a plurality of breeding pond all intercommunication, and the water outlet of a plurality of breeding pond and water storage pool intercommunication, the breeding pond includes cement pool, and the geometric center position of the pool bottom of cement pool has drain pipe, and drain pipe and cement pool intercommunication, and drain pipe is vertically arranged, and the upper end of drain pipe is higher than the pool bottom of cement pool, and one side of cement pool has drainage ditch, and drainage ditch and drain pipe intercommunication. The utility model utilizes special equipment to raise water temperature 3-4 DEG C in winter, and reduce water temperature 3-4 DEG C in summer, make water temperature maintain between 15-18 DEG C, and the growth of sea cucumber is most beneficial.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a novel marine aquaculture system and belongs to the field of aquaculture technology. Background Technology

[0002] Based on years of experience among sea cucumber farmers, the optimal water temperature for sea cucumber farming is between 14℃ and 19℃, with 16℃ being the most suitable. Below 14℃, sea cucumbers grow too slowly, while above 20℃, bacteria easily proliferate in the farming ponds. At 16℃, sea cucumbers typically double their weight in about a month, while below 14℃, the growth rate is reduced to two or even three months. More importantly, the size of the sea cucumbers sold during the season may not meet market demand. Furthermore, excessively high water temperatures in summer can easily lead to disease and even entire ponds dying, which is also detrimental to sea cucumber farming.

[0003] The water temperature of deep-well seawater is around 16℃. In winter, after passing through a 5-kilometer-long pipeline, the water temperature drops to below 11℃-13℃, while in summer it rises to 20℃-22℃. Therefore, the winter water temperature is unfavorable for sea cucumber growth, and the summer water temperature easily causes sea cucumbers to get sick. Thus, providing a seawater aquaculture system that can maintain a water temperature of 16℃ has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a new type of marine aquaculture system that uses specialized equipment to raise the water temperature by 3°C-4°C in winter and lower it by 3°C-4°C in summer, maintaining the water temperature between 15°C-18°C, which is most conducive to the growth of sea cucumbers.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A novel marine aquaculture system includes a water storage tank, a reservoir, a deep well, a heat pump, and several aquaculture ponds. The heat pump is connected to the reservoir and is used to heat the water in the reservoir. The deep well is connected to the reservoir and is used to fill the reservoir. The reservoir is connected to the water storage tank, and the heated water in the reservoir flows to the reservoir. The water storage tank and the inlets of the several aquaculture ponds are all connected, and the outlets of the several aquaculture ponds are connected to the reservoir. Each aquaculture pond includes a cement pond. A drain pipe is located at the geometric center of the bottom of the cement pond and is connected to the cement pond. The drain pipe is vertically installed, and its upper end is higher than the bottom of the cement pond. A drainage ditch is located on one side of the cement pond and is connected to the drain pipe. The drainage ditch is connected to the reservoir. An inlet pipe is suspended above the cement pond and is connected to the reservoir. The reservoir is at a higher level than the cement pond.

[0007] In the aforementioned novel marine aquaculture system, the several aquaculture ponds are arranged in two rows, with a water storage tank located between the two rows of aquaculture ponds, and the drainage ditch of each row of aquaculture ponds located on the side of the aquaculture pond closest to the water storage tank.

[0008] In the aforementioned novel marine aquaculture system, the water storage tank includes a tank body, a support block fixed to the lower inner wall of the tank body, a lower perforated plate fixed on the support block, and an upper perforated plate placed above the lower perforated plate; the width of the baffle of the upper perforated plate is greater than the width of the through hole of the lower perforated plate, and a driving device is also provided in the water storage tank for driving the baffle of the upper perforated plate to cover or move the through hole of the lower perforated plate.

[0009] In the aforementioned novel marine aquaculture system, the driving device includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, and a third connecting rod connected in sequence. The first connecting rod is vertically arranged, the second connecting rod is horizontally arranged, and the third connecting rod is vertically arranged. The third connecting rod is fixed to a support frame via a first bearing, and the support frame is fixed to the inner wall of the water storage tank. The first connecting rod is mounted on the support frame via a first bearing, and a handle is provided at the upper end of the first connecting rod. An elongated hole is provided on the upper perforated plate, and a slider is slidably arranged in the elongated hole. A second bearing is installed on the slider, and the lower end of the third connecting rod is mounted on the second bearing.

[0010] In the aforementioned novel marine aquaculture system, the bottom of the water storage tank is inverted cone shape, and a sewage pipe is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank. A water pump is installed on the sewage pipe. A float is installed in the water storage tank, which is located above the liquid surface of the water storage tank. A water guide pipe is installed on the float, and the outlet of the water guide pipe is located below the float. The water guide pipe is connected to the water storage tank.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, this invention utilizes specialized equipment to raise the water temperature by 3-4°C in winter and lower it by 3-4°C in summer, maintaining the water temperature between 15°C and 18°C, which is most conducive to the growth of sea cucumbers. Because the water temperature in the deep well is relatively stable, when the outside temperature is high, the water in the reservoir acts as a cooling source, lowering the temperature of the aquaculture pond; when the outside temperature is low, the water in the reservoir acts as a heat source, raising the temperature of the aquaculture pond. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a top view of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of an aquaculture pond;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a water storage tank;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the upper and lower perforated plates;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a top view of one embodiment of the upper perforated plate.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1-Heat pump, 2-Water storage tank, 3-Aquaculture pond, 4-Water storage tank, 5-Deep well, 6-Drainage ditch, 7-Inlet pipe, 8-Drainage pipe, 9-Cement pool, 10-Support block, 11-Lower perforated plate, 12-Upper perforated plate, 13-Third connecting rod, 14-Second connecting rod, 15-Support frame, 16-Sewage pipe, 17-First connecting rod, 18-Handle, 19-Water guide pipe, 20-Float, 21-Pool body, 22-Baffle, 23-Through hole, 24-Elongated hole, 25-Slider, 26-Second bearing.

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Current aquaculture processes suffer from excessively high energy consumption of water source heat pumps, making it insufficient to cover operating costs. Therefore, sea cucumber farming typically does not utilize auxiliary heating (and cooling) equipment. Seawater is pumped directly from deep wells into water tanks, where it is then pressurized and distributed to individual aquaculture ponds to maintain a suitable temperature for sea cucumber growth. Overflowing water from the ponds is drained into the ocean via drainage pipes and ditches. Each aquaculture shed requires a deep seawater well supplying water to its tanks 24 hours a day. The submersible pump has a power of 5.5 kW, consuming approximately 6,000 yuan in electricity per month. The annual maintenance cost for the well and pipelines is also no less than 50,000 yuan.

[0020] Existing aquaculture sites typically consist of 20 aquaculture ponds forming a large shed. The shed uses polyester fiber insulation for heat preservation and light protection, maintaining a suitable temperature for sea cucumber cultivation. Generally, the pond dimensions are 5300mm x 5300mm, with a depth of approximately 500mm. The water depth is usually 100mm-150mm, and each pond maintains a water volume of approximately 5m³. 3 The technical solution of this application is based on existing scenarios, and is improved and constructed. The improved aquaculture system is as follows:

[0021] A novel marine aquaculture system includes a water storage tank 4, a reservoir 2, a deep well 5, a heat pump 1, and several aquaculture ponds 3. The heat pump 1 is connected to the reservoir 2 and is used to heat the water in the reservoir 2. The deep well 5 is also connected to the reservoir 2 and is used to fill the reservoir 2. The reservoir 2 is connected to the water storage tank 4, and the heated water in the reservoir 2 flows to the reservoir 4. The reservoir 2 serves as a sedimentation and filtration unit. Alternatively, an aquaculture pond can be modified to collect and filter overflowing water to remove impurities. This water is then heated by the heat pump 1 and returned directly to the reservoir 2 before being distributed to the various aquaculture ponds 3 to maintain the water temperature. It is worth noting that based on this method of using the heat pump 1, the heat exchanger of the heat pump 1 needs to be improved to allow for cleaning, preventing unfiltered substances from remaining in the heat exchanger and affecting water flow and heat exchange efficiency. Without considering the water discharged during the entire pool drainage and water replacement cleaning process, this solution can save 150-200 cubic meters of water per day. This means that the seawater pump can reduce its operating time by about 15 hours. Each pump has a power of 5.5KW, which can save 82.5KWH of electricity per day, saving 66 yuan per month, and 2000 yuan per month.

[0022] If seawater is heated directly, the water in the original storage tank 2 needs to be heated directly and then distributed to each aquaculture tank 3. No additional filtration tank is needed. However, a small amount of sediment will still be present in the seawater, and internal cleaning of the heat exchanger will still be necessary. Nevertheless, considering the need for water changes, it is recommended to enlarge the original storage tank to be sufficient for water changes in one aquaculture tank.

[0023] If all seawater is recycled, the seawater used for cleaning and changing the aquaculture ponds must also be recycled. This solution involves adding a sedimentation and filtration pond, along with a transition tank (6 tons, connected in series with the original storage tank). The water replaced in one pond is heated by a heat pump and stored for later use in the aquaculture ponds after cleaning. This solution allows for water replacement every five days or once a week, depending on water quality. The monthly operating cost of the water pump would only be 1000 yuan, sufficient to meet the seawater needs of the entire aquaculture shed. Since the seawater contains more sludge during a complete pond water change, internal cleaning of the heat exchanger is particularly important.

[0024] The inlets of the water storage tank 4 and the plurality of breeding ponds 3 are all connected, and the outlets of the plurality of breeding ponds 3 are connected to the water storage tank 2. Each breeding pond 3 includes a cement pond 9, with a drain pipe 8 at the geometric center of the bottom of the cement pond 9. The drain pipe 8 is connected to the cement pond 9 and is vertically installed, with its upper end higher than the bottom of the cement pond 9. A drainage ditch 6 is located on one side of the cement pond 9, and the drainage ditch 6 is connected to the drain pipe 8. The drainage ditch 6 is connected to the water storage tank 2. An inlet pipe 7 is suspended above the cement pond 9 and is connected to the water storage tank 4. The water storage tank 4 is at a higher horizontal level than the cement pond 9. The plurality of breeding ponds 3 are arranged in two rows, with the water storage tank 4 located between the two rows of breeding ponds 3. The drainage ditch 6 of each row of breeding ponds 3 is located on the side of the breeding pond 3 closest to the water storage tank 4.

[0025] The sea cucumber ponds need to be drained, cleaned, disinfected, and refilled with fresh water daily. This process consumes approximately 100 cubic meters of seawater daily, and each pond requires about 7.5 cubic meters of fresh water to be added daily. Therefore, a single aquaculture shed requires approximately 150 cubic meters of water replenishment daily, and the daily demand for warm and hot water is approximately 250-300 cubic meters. Raising (or lowering) the temperature of approximately 200-300 cubic meters of seawater by 4°C daily is sufficient to meet the needs of a single aquaculture shed. Based on a 300 cubic meter pond, preliminary calculations determine the appropriate heat pump selection for a single sea cucumber aquaculture shed.

[0026] 1 Daily seawater demand kg 250000 2 Sea temperature rise ℃ 4 3 Seawater replenishes total heat kcal 1000000 4 Calculated as electrical energy KWH 1162.79 5 Heat pump COP (7℃) KW / KW 3.7 6 Expected working hours H 15 7 Heat pump input power KW 20.95 8 Heat pump selection P 30P 9 Daily energy consumption of heat pump KWH 314.27 10 Circulation pump power KW 0.75 11 Daily energy consumption of circulating pump KWH 11.25 12 Total daily energy consumption of the system KWH 325.52 13 Electricity price Yuan / KWH 0.8 14 Daily operating costs of a heat pump system Yuan 260.41 15 Monthly operating costs of heat pump systems Yuan 7812.43

[0027] Based on the basic technological requirements of sea cucumber farming, except for the concentrated water volume during pond cleaning and water changes, each farming shed requires approximately 10 cubic meters of hot water per hour. The instantaneous temperature rise requirement for hot water is relatively small (less than 4°C). Therefore, the heat pump operation requires a large instantaneous water output with a small temperature rise. Since sea cucumber farming is primarily located near the sea, in a humid climate, the water vapor contains a large amount of salt and other corrosive substances. Therefore, the outer surface of the heat pump evaporator (including the aluminum fins and copper pipes) needs enhanced corrosion resistance (but the impact on thermal conductivity cannot be significant). Furthermore, the condenser's outer surface, which comes into contact with seawater, also requires high corrosion resistance.

[0028] The water storage tank 2 includes a tank body 21. A support block 10 is fixed to the lower inner wall of the tank body 21. A lower perforated plate 11 is fixed on the support block 10. An upper perforated plate 12 is placed above the lower perforated plate 11. The width of the baffle 22 of the upper perforated plate 12 is greater than the width of the through hole 23 of the lower perforated plate 11. A driving device is also provided in the water storage tank 2 to drive the baffle 22 of the upper perforated plate 12 to cover or move away the through hole 23 of the lower perforated plate 11.

[0029] The driving device includes a first connecting rod 17, a second connecting rod 14, and a third connecting rod 13 connected in sequence. The first connecting rod 17 is vertically arranged, the second connecting rod 14 is horizontally arranged, and the third connecting rod 13 is vertically arranged. The third connecting rod 13 is fixed to a support frame 15 by a first bearing, and the support frame 15 is fixed to the inner wall of the water storage tank 2. The first connecting rod 17 is mounted on the support frame 15 by a first bearing, and a handle 18 is provided at the upper end of the first connecting rod 17. An elongated hole 24 is provided on the upper perforated plate 12, and a slider 25 is slidably arranged in the elongated hole 24. A second bearing 26 is installed on the slider 25, and the lower end of the third connecting rod 13 is mounted on the second bearing 26.

[0030] The bottom of the water storage tank 2 is inverted cone shape. A sewage pipe 16 is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank 2, and a water pump is installed on the sewage pipe 16. A float 20 is installed in the water storage tank 2. The float 20 is located above the liquid surface of the water storage tank 2. A water guide pipe 19 is installed on the float 20. The outlet of the water guide pipe 19 is located below the float 20. The water guide pipe 19 is connected to the water storage tank 4.

[0031] The working principle of one embodiment of this utility model is as follows: Water from a deep well 5 is pumped into a storage tank 2 using a submersible pump, and then the water temperature in the storage tank 2 is maintained at approximately 16°C using a heat pump 1. The water in the storage tank 2 is then transferred to a water storage tank 4, and then injected from the water storage tank 4 into aquaculture pond 3. The water injected into aquaculture pond 3 flows into the pond through the inlet pipe 7. If the liquid level in aquaculture pond 3 is higher than the top of the drain pipe 8, it will enter the drain pipe 8 and then flow back to the storage tank 2 via the drainage ditch 6. This prevents the aquatic organisms in aquaculture pond 3 from entering the drain pipe. Thus, under the action of the heat pump 1, the water in the storage tank 2 is circulated and maintained within the specified temperature range.

[0032] Impurities accumulate in the water storage tank 2, affecting water quality. To address this, an upper orifice plate 12 and a lower orifice plate 11 are designed. Under normal conditions, the holes in the upper orifice plate 12 and the lower orifice plate 11 overlap. Impurities in the water storage tank 2 enter the lower part of the tank 2 through the upper holes. The upper orifice plate 12 and the lower orifice plate 11 act as a barrier, and the cross-section of the holes in the upper orifice plate 12 is funnel-shaped, facilitating the passage of impurities. After a certain period, when there are more impurities in the lower part of the water storage tank 2, turning the handle 18 causes the upper orifice plate 12 to move repeatedly on the lower orifice plate 11, causing the baffle 22 of the upper orifice plate 12 to block the through holes 23 of the lower orifice plate 11. The lower orifice plate 11 rests against the inner wall of the water storage tank 2. Figure 5As shown, the upper perforated plate 12 has two sides that abut against the side wall of the water storage tank, so the upper perforated plate 12 can only move left and right. Under the combined action of the third connecting rod 13, the slider 25, and the elongated hole 24, the handle 18 can drive the upper perforated plate 12 to move left and right, thereby separating the upper perforated plate 12 from the water storage tank above and below the water storage tank 2. Then, the impurities in the water storage tank are extracted through the drain pipe 16 to maintain the cleanliness of the water in the water storage tank 2. However, some floating objects will float on the surface of the water in the water storage tank 2. For this reason, a float 20 is designed. The inlet of the water guide pipe 19 is located below the float 20, so the floating objects will not enter the water guide pipe 19 and flow to the water storage tank 4.

Claims

1. A novel marine aquaculture system, characterized in that, It includes a water storage tank (4), a water reservoir (2), a deep well (5), a heat pump (1), and several aquaculture ponds (3); the heat pump (1) is connected to the water reservoir (2) and is used to heat the water in the water reservoir (2); the deep well (5) is connected to the water reservoir (2) and is used to fill the water reservoir (2); the water reservoir (2) is connected to the water storage tank (4), and the heated water in the water reservoir (2) flows to the water storage tank (4); the water storage tank (4) and the inlets of the several aquaculture ponds (3) are all connected, and the outlets of the several aquaculture ponds (3) are connected to the water reservoir (2); the aquaculture ponds (3) are connected to the water storage tank (2); the water storage tank (4) and the water reservoir (3) are connected to the water inlet of the several aquaculture ponds (3). The breeding pond (3) includes a cement pond (9). A drain pipe (8) is located at the geometric center of the bottom of the cement pond (9). The drain pipe (8) is connected to the cement pond (9). The drain pipe (8) is vertically installed. The upper end of the drain pipe (8) is higher than the bottom of the cement pond (9). A drainage ditch (6) is located on one side of the cement pond (9). The drainage ditch (6) is connected to the drain pipe (8). The drainage ditch (6) is connected to the water storage pond (2). An inlet pipe (7) is suspended above the cement pond (9). The inlet pipe (7) is connected to the water storage tank (4). The horizontal height of the water storage tank (4) is higher than that of the cement pond (9).

2. A novel marine aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The several breeding ponds (3) are arranged in two rows, and the water storage tank (4) is located between the two rows of breeding ponds (3). The drainage ditch (6) of each row of breeding ponds (3) is located on the side of the breeding pond (3) close to the water storage tank (4).

3. A novel marine aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage tank (2) includes a tank body (21), a support block (10) is fixed to the lower inner wall of the tank body (21), a lower perforated plate (11) is fixed on the support block (10), and an upper perforated plate (12) is placed above the lower perforated plate (11); the width of the baffle (22) of the upper perforated plate (12) is greater than the width of the through hole (23) of the lower perforated plate (11), and a driving device is also provided in the water storage tank (2) to drive the baffle (22) of the upper perforated plate (12) to cover or remove the through hole (23) of the lower perforated plate (11).

4. A novel marine aquaculture system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driving device includes a first connecting rod (17), a second connecting rod (14), and a third connecting rod (13) connected in sequence. The first connecting rod (17) is vertically arranged, the second connecting rod (14) is horizontally arranged, and the third connecting rod (13) is vertically arranged. The third connecting rod (13) is fixed to the support frame (15) by a first bearing. The support frame (15) is fixed to the inner wall of the water storage tank (2). The first connecting rod (17) is set on the support frame (15) by a first bearing. The upper end of the first connecting rod (17) is provided with a handle (18). The upper perforated plate (12) is provided with an elongated hole (24). A slider (25) is slidably arranged in the elongated hole (24). A second bearing (26) is installed on the slider (25). The lower end of the third connecting rod (13) is set on the second bearing (26).

5. A novel marine aquaculture system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the water storage tank (2) is inverted cone shape. A sewage pipe (16) is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank (2). A water pump is installed on the sewage pipe (16). A float (20) is installed in the water storage tank (2). The float (20) is located above the liquid surface of the water storage tank (2). A water guide pipe (19) is installed on the float (20). The outlet of the water guide pipe (19) is located below the float (20). The water guide pipe (19) is connected to the water storage tank (4).

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