A laser cleaning mobile purification station with zero contact hazardous waste packaging function

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of laser cleaning waste gas purification, specifically discloses a kind of laser cleaning mobile purification station with dangerous waste zero contact packaging function, including the rack assembly of mobile wheel group, gas flow path system is equipped on rack, primary spark interception unit, secondary gas-solid separation unit, tertiary power unit and dangerous waste packaging unit are sequentially communicated along airflow direction. Primary spark interception unit is equipped with staggered arrangement physical guide baffle;Secondary gas-solid separation unit installs hydrophobic film filter cartridge;Tertiary power unit contains high-pressure negative pressure fan;Dangerous waste packaging unit is arranged in the bottom ash outlet of secondary gas-solid separation unit. The utility model solves the problem of high-temperature star ignition filter core, high-humidity dust agglomeration, dangerous waste secondary pollution, ensures the safety of operation continuously, realizes dangerous waste zero contact packaging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser cleaning exhaust gas purification technology, specifically a laser cleaning mobile purification station with zero-contact hazardous waste packaging function. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cleaning technology is widely used in rust removal and paint removal, and the characteristics of the pollutants it produces differ significantly from those produced by traditional mechanical grinding. Existing general-purpose industrial vacuum cleaners have many shortcomings when used to handle dusty exhaust gases from laser cleaning.

[0003] Firstly, the lack of a high-temperature molten particle spark blocking mechanism poses a significant fire hazard. Laser cleaning is a high-energy beam thermal ablation process, where the stripped metal oxides and carbonized paint are in a red-hot molten state at 800℃-1000℃. The direct suction channel of a general-purpose vacuum cleaner can easily embed high-temperature sparks into the paper or non-woven fabric filter. Under negative pressure oxygen supply, this can easily ignite the filter or dust in the dust collection bin, causing a fire.

[0004] Secondly, filter elements are prone to irreversible caking under high humidity, salt spray, and fine powder conditions. Marine engineering and ship repair sites are characterized by high humidity and salt spray, while laser cleaning generates micron- to nano-sized dust particles with strong hygroscopic properties. General-purpose filter elements lack hydrophobic design; after absorbing moisture, the dust deliquesces and clogs the filter pores, forming a hard, caking layer. This results in a significant drop in negative pressure within a short time after startup, leading to frequent work interruptions.

[0005] Third, open-air hazardous waste treatment causes secondary pollution and endangers occupational health. The old paint layer of ships contains heavy metals such as lead, mercury, and chromium, as well as highly toxic substances. When using a general-purpose vacuum cleaner to clean the dust, the emptying of the dust collection bin can easily lead to the diffusion of highly toxic dust aerosols, posing a risk of poisoning to operators. This makes it difficult to meet the occupational health and safety requirements for zero-contact hazardous waste treatment.

[0006] Therefore, existing general-purpose industrial vacuum cleaners cannot be adapted to laser cleaning conditions, and it is difficult to balance the requirements of operational safety, operational stability and compliant hazardous waste treatment. There is an urgent need for a targeted laser cleaning exhaust gas purification device to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0007] This utility model addresses the aforementioned problems in the prior art by providing a laser cleaning mobile purification station with zero-contact hazardous waste packaging function. It effectively solves problems such as high-temperature sparks igniting filter elements, high-humidity dust caking, and secondary pollution of hazardous waste, ensuring safe and continuous operation.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a laser cleaning mobile purification station with zero-contact hazardous waste packaging function, including a frame assembly with a set of wheels at the bottom; a gas flow path system is provided on the frame assembly, which sequentially connects a primary spark interception unit, a secondary gas-solid separation unit, a tertiary power unit, and a hazardous waste packaging unit along the airflow direction; the air inlet of the primary spark interception unit is used to receive the dust-laden exhaust gas generated by the laser cleaning operation, and its internal flow channel is provided with several staggered physical flow guide baffles; several hydrophobic membrane filter cartridges are installed inside the secondary gas-solid separation unit; the tertiary power unit includes a high-pressure negative pressure fan; and the hazardous waste packaging unit is located at the bottom ash outlet of the secondary gas-solid separation unit.

[0009] Preferably, the primary spark interception unit, the secondary gas-solid separation unit, and the tertiary power unit are arranged vertically on the frame assembly. The primary spark interception unit is fixed to the lower part of the frame assembly, the secondary gas-solid separation unit is installed above the primary spark interception unit, and the tertiary power unit is fixed to the top of the frame assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the primary spark interception unit is provided with an independent high-temperature slag collection box at the bottom, the slag collection box is located below the physical flow guide baffle, and the slag collection box is made of stainless steel.

[0011] Preferably, the slag collection box and the airflow channel of the secondary gas-solid separation unit are physically isolated from each other.

[0012] Preferably, the secondary gas-solid separation unit is also equipped with a pulse backflushing self-cleaning system, which is integrated on the outside of the secondary gas-solid separation unit. The pulse backflushing self-cleaning system includes a compressed air storage tank, a pulse solenoid valve, and a jet pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the blow pipe is aligned with the inner cavity of the hydrophobic membrane filter cartridge, and the hydrophobic membrane filter cartridge is a polytetrafluoroethylene heat-coated filter cartridge.

[0014] Preferably, the pulse backflushing self-cleaning system is equipped with a differential pressure sensor and a PLC controller. The differential pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure difference inside and outside the hydrophobic membrane filter cartridge, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the differential pressure sensor and the pulse solenoid valve.

[0015] Preferably, the internal flow channel of the primary spark interception unit is constructed with a 90-degree orthogonal airflow channel through the physical flow guide baffle.

[0016] Preferably, the hazardous waste packaging unit includes an annular membrane box interface and a continuous folding collection bag pre-installed in the annular membrane box interface.

[0017] Preferably, the continuous folding collection bag is a flexible tubular structure with a length of 20-40 meters, and is folded and stored inside the annular membrane box interface.

[0018] Therefore, this utility model proposes a laser cleaning mobile purification station with zero-contact hazardous waste packaging function, the beneficial effects of which are as follows: An inertial collision-type spark capture structure is installed to physically isolate high-temperature sparks, eliminating the risk of filter element ignition at the source and achieving inherent safety. A hydrophobic membrane filter cartridge is used in conjunction with a pulse backflushing system to prevent filter element caking under high humidity and salt spray conditions, ensuring continuous and stable operation. An integrated continuous packaging mechanism ensures that dust is collected in a completely sealed manner and packaged with zero contact, preventing secondary pollution from highly toxic dust, meeting occupational health and safety standards. Furthermore, the dry purification process produces no wastewater pollution and has low long-term maintenance costs.

[0019] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of a laser cleaning mobile purification station with zero-contact hazardous waste packaging function according to this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inertial collision-type spark capture principle of a laser cleaning mobile purification station with zero-contact hazardous waste packaging function according to this utility model. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a laser cleaning mobile purification station with zero-contact hazardous waste packaging function according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure Labels 1. Three-stage power unit; 2. Pulse solenoid valve; 3. Two-stage gas-solid separation unit; 4. Primary spark interception unit; 5. Hazardous waste packaging unit; 6. Slag collection box; 7. Ash collection hopper; 8. Discharge port; 9. Annular membrane box; 10. Continuous folding bag; 11. Cable tie. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical solution, advantages, and objectives of this utility model clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the described embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0024] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this utility model provides a laser cleaning mobile purification station with zero-contact hazardous waste packaging function, including a frame assembly, a mobile wheel assembly, a primary spark interception unit 4, a secondary gas-solid separation unit 3, a tertiary power unit 1, a pulse solenoid valve 2, a hazardous waste packaging unit 5, a slag collection box 6, an ash collection hopper 7, a discharge port 8, an annular membrane box 9, a continuous folding bag 10, and cable ties 11.

[0025] The frame assembly serves as the overall load-bearing and protective base for the device. It is made of high-strength carbon steel and has a vertical and compact structure. It provides a stable installation reference for each functional unit along the vertical direction, making it suitable for deployment in narrow spaces at laser cleaning sites.

[0026] The mobile wheel set is symmetrically assembled at the bottom of the frame assembly. It consists of two sets of omnidirectional wheels and two sets of directional wheels. The omnidirectional wheels are equipped with a self-locking brake structure, which enables the purification station to move flexibly and quickly position itself in different locations, adapting to the mobile operation needs of ships, marine engineering equipment and other scenarios.

[0027] The primary spark interception unit 4 is fixed to the lower part of the frame assembly. The internal flow channels are arranged with multiple high-temperature and wear-resistant alloy baffles, which create airflow channels with at least three 90-degree orthogonal turns, forcing the high-speed airflow containing high-temperature sparks to turn sharply multiple times.

[0028] The primary spark interception unit 4 has an independent high-temperature slag collection box 6 at the bottom, which is made of 304 stainless steel. It is located directly below the physical flow guide baffle and is physically isolated from the airflow channel of the secondary gas-solid separation unit 3. The high-temperature molten metal slag (800℃-1000℃) loses its power, breaks, and cools down after hitting the baffle with the airflow. Under the action of gravity, it falls into the slag collection box 6, realizing the physical isolation between sparks and downstream filter media.

[0029] The secondary gas-solid separation unit 3 is installed above the primary spark interception unit 4. Several hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) heat-coated filter cartridges are arranged in an array inside. The surface of the filter cartridges is laminated with 0.1-0.3% PTFE using a hot-pressing process. Microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membranes form a surface filtration structure.

[0030] Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) heat-coated filter cartridges have extremely low surface energy and a smooth, hydrophobic surface. In marine environments with high humidity and salt spray, water molecules cannot remain on the surface of the filter material. Micron to nano-sized dust particles only adhere to the outer surface of the filter cartridge, preventing dust from absorbing moisture and deliquescing to form a hard, hardened layer, thus ensuring stable air permeability of the filter cartridge.

[0031] The pulse backflush self-cleaning system is integrated on the outside of the secondary gas-solid separation unit 3. It consists of a 0.6MPa compressed air storage tank, a pulse solenoid valve 2, a blow pipe, a high-sensitivity differential pressure sensor, and a PLC controller. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the differential pressure sensor and the pulse solenoid valve 2, and is used to collect the differential pressure signal of the filter cartridge and control the timing of the pulse airflow.

[0032] The blowpipe is aligned with the inner cavity of each PTFE heat-coated filter cartridge, and the differential pressure sensor monitors the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter cartridge in real time. When the dust accumulation causes the pressure difference to exceed the 1500Pa threshold, the PLC controller triggers the pulse solenoid valve to release high-pressure pulse airflow instantly. Utilizing the non-stick properties of the PTFE surface, the dust cake on the outer surface of the filter cartridge is completely peeled off, and the dust falls into the dust collection hopper 7 below, realizing online regeneration of the filter cartridge.

[0033] The third-stage power unit 1 is fixed at the top of the frame assembly. It is equipped with a high-pressure negative pressure fan to provide a continuous and stable negative pressure driving force for the entire gas flow path system, so that the dust-laden exhaust gas generated by laser cleaning flows through the primary and secondary purification units in sequence to complete gas-solid separation.

[0034] The dust collection hopper 7 has a funnel-shaped structure and is sealed to the bottom of the secondary gas-solid separation unit 3. It is used to collect the fine dust stripped by pulse backflushing. The bottom has a discharge port 8, which serves as a channel for conveying dust to the hazardous waste packaging unit.

[0035] The hazardous waste packaging unit 5 is installed directly below the unloading port 8. Its core components are an annular membrane box 9 and a continuous folding bag 10 pre-loaded inside it. The continuous folding bag 10 is an industrial-grade high-strength flexible tubular structure with a length of 20-40 meters. It is pre-folded and stored in the annular membrane box 9 and can be continuously supplied for packaging.

[0036] The hazardous waste packaging unit 5 uses a double-tie-cutting method to complete the ash removal and packaging: dust falls into the bottom of the continuous folding bag 10 to form an ash accumulation section. The operator pulls out a new bag film section and uses two tie straps 11 to tie it tightly above the ash accumulation section to form a sealed barrier area. Then, the bag film is cut in the middle of the two tie straps 11 to obtain an independently sealed waste powder bag. The dust is completely sealed and there is no exposure throughout the process.

[0037] The operation of this purification station follows a six-stage process: equipment deployment, spark capture and purification, fine dust filtration, filter cartridge self-cleaning, hazardous waste sealing and encapsulation, and maintenance. All components work together to achieve safe, efficient, and compliant treatment of laser-cleaned exhaust gases. (1) Equipment deployment stage: According to the location of the laser cleaning operation, push the purification station to the site and step on the brake of the mobile wheel group to fix the equipment; connect the power supply of the high-pressure negative pressure fan to the compressed air storage tank, check the integrity of the continuous folding bag 10, and ensure that the annular membrane box 9 is sealed without leakage.

[0038] (2) Spark capture and purification stage: The high-pressure negative pressure fan is started, and the exhaust gas containing high-temperature sparks at 800℃-1000℃ generated by laser cleaning enters the primary spark interception unit 4 through the air inlet; the high-speed airflow turns 90 degrees multiple times through the baffle plate, and the high-temperature sparks lose their power due to inertial impact on the baffle plate and settle into the slag collection box 6. After cooling, the fine dust enters the secondary gas-solid separation unit 3 with the airflow.

[0039] (3) Fine dust filtration stage: An airflow containing fine dust enters the filter cartridge chamber and is filtered through the surface of the PTFE heat-coated filter cartridge, resulting in a dust level of 0.1%. All the ultrafine dust particles are intercepted on the outer surface of the filter cartridge, and the clean airflow passes through the inner cavity of the filter cartridge and is discharged through the fan compartment, achieving the goal of achieving compliant emissions of exhaust gas.

[0040] (4) Filter cartridge self-cleaning stage: During operation, the differential pressure sensor monitors the pressure difference of the filter cartridge in real time. When the pressure difference reaches 1500Pa, the PLC controller automatically starts the pulse solenoid valve 2, and the high-pressure airflow instantly blows into the inner cavity of the filter cartridge, stripping the dust from the outer surface to the dust collection hopper 7. The filter cartridge then restores its air permeability without the need for manual cleaning by stopping the machine.

[0041] (5) Hazardous waste sealing and packaging stage: Dust continuously falls into the continuous folding bag 10 from the dust collection hopper 7. After the dust accumulates to a certain amount, the operator pulls down the bag film, ties it with double ties, and cuts the bag film to complete the sealing of the waste powder. The sealed waste powder bag is then directly transferred to the hazardous waste storage area, with zero contact and no dust leakage throughout the process.

[0042] (6) Maintenance and upkeep phase: After the operation is completed, turn off the blower and air source, open the slag collection box 6 to clean the high-temperature molten slag residue; check the surface integrity of the PTFE heat-coated filter cartridge, clean the dust from the pulse solenoid valve 2 and the blow pipe; check the remaining length of the continuous folding bag 10, and replace it with a new bag if it is insufficient, for the next operation.

[0043] This purification station, through its four-stage separation structure and sealed packaging design, eliminates the fire hazard of high-temperature sparks igniting the filter cartridges at the source. It overcomes the problem of filter cartridge caking in high-humidity salt spray environments, achieving zero contact and no secondary pollution throughout the entire hazardous waste treatment process. At the same time, it adopts a fully dry purification system with no wastewater discharge, the front-end spark capture unit is maintenance-free, and the rear-end filter cartridges have a long lifespan, significantly reducing the long-term operating costs of the equipment. It is fully compatible with the safe, stable, and compliant purification requirements of laser cleaning, rust removal, and paint removal operations.

[0044] Therefore, this utility model provides a mobile laser cleaning purification station with zero-contact hazardous waste packaging function, solving the technical problems of existing equipment such as the easy ignition of filter elements by high-temperature sparks, easy clogging of filter elements in high-humidity salt spray environments, and the risk of secondary pollution and occupational health hazards caused by open treatment of hazardous waste. Through a multi-stage separation structure, high-temperature sparks are physically blocked, eliminating fire hazards; a hydrophobic membrane-coated filter cartridge combined with pulse backflushing prevents filter element clogging and ensures continuous operation; an integrated sealed packaging mechanism achieves zero-contact treatment of hazardous waste, avoiding the risk of poisoning, and the dry purification process produces no wastewater pollution, resulting in low maintenance costs and adaptability to various laser cleaning conditions.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solution of this utility model, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser cleaning mobile decontamination station with hazardous waste zero contact encapsulation functionality, characterized in that, The device includes a frame assembly with casters at its bottom; a gas flow system is mounted on the frame assembly, which sequentially connects a primary spark interception unit, a secondary gas-solid separation unit, a tertiary power unit, and a hazardous waste packaging unit along the airflow direction; the air inlet of the primary spark interception unit is used to receive dust-laden exhaust gas generated during laser cleaning operations, and its internal flow channel is equipped with several staggered physical flow guide baffles; the secondary gas-solid separation unit has several hydrophobic membrane filter cartridges installed inside; the tertiary power unit includes a high-pressure negative pressure fan; and the hazardous waste packaging unit is located at the bottom ash outlet of the secondary gas-solid separation unit.

2. The mobile laser cleaning and decontamination station with zero contact packaging of hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary spark interception unit, the secondary gas-solid separation unit, and the tertiary power unit are arranged vertically on the frame assembly. The primary spark interception unit is fixed to the lower part of the frame assembly, the secondary gas-solid separation unit is installed above the primary spark interception unit, and the tertiary power unit is fixed to the top of the frame assembly.

3. The mobile laser cleaning and decontamination station with zero contact packaging of hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary spark interception unit is equipped with an independent high-temperature slag collection box at its bottom. The slag collection box is located below the physical flow guide baffle and is made of stainless steel.

4. The mobile laser cleaning and decontamination station with zero contact packaging of hazardous waste according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slag collection box and the airflow channel of the secondary gas-solid separation unit are physically isolated from each other.

5. The mobile laser cleaning and decontamination station with zero contact packaging of hazardous waste according to claim 4, characterized in that, The secondary gas-solid separation unit is also equipped with a pulse backflush self-cleaning system, which is integrated on the outside of the secondary gas-solid separation unit. The pulse backflush self-cleaning system includes a compressed air storage tank, a pulse solenoid valve, and a jet pipe.

6. The mobile laser cleaning and decontamination station with zero contact packaging of hazardous waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, The blowpipe is positioned to align with the inner cavity of the hydrophobic membrane filter cartridge, which is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) heat-coated filter cartridge.

7. The mobile laser cleaning and decontamination station with zero contact packaging of hazardous waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pulse backflushing self-cleaning system is equipped with a differential pressure sensor and a PLC controller. The differential pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure difference inside and outside the hydrophobic membrane filter cartridge. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the differential pressure sensor and the pulse solenoid valve.

8. The mobile laser cleaning and decontamination station with zero contact packaging of hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal flow channel of the primary spark interception unit is constructed with a 90-degree orthogonal airflow channel through the physical flow guide baffle.

9. The mobile laser cleaning and decontamination station with zero contact packaging of hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hazardous waste packaging unit includes an annular membrane interface and a continuous folding collection bag pre-installed in the annular membrane interface.

10. The mobile laser cleaning and decontamination station with zero contact packaging of hazardous waste according to claim 9, characterized in that, The continuous folding collection bag is a flexible tubular structure with a length of 20-40 meters, and is folded and stored inside the annular membrane box interface.

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