High-efficiency countercurrent nozzle applied to denitration technology

Abstract

The utility model relates to denitration nozzle technical field, concretely is a kind of high-efficiency countercurrent nozzle applied to denitration technology, including nozzle main body, the side rear of nozzle main body is provided with countercurrent inlet channel, the outlet of nozzle main body is provided with self-adapting atomization adjusting part, the self-adapting atomization adjusting part includes elastic metal sheet, a plurality of annular distribution's variable-diameter slit hole are set up on the elastic metal sheet, the utility model utilizes the elastic metal sheet and drives the variable-diameter slit hole of annular distribution on it to change opening degree (orifice expansion when pressure increase, contract when pressure decrease) by the elastic deformation due to liquid pressure variation, utilize countercurrent design to enhance the collision atomization effect of liquid and flue gas, through the dynamic adaptation of elastic sheet and variable-diameter slit hole to relieve the impact of pressure fluctuation on atomization hole, the purpose that uniformity of atomization and deformation resistance are considered is realized, the service life and working condition adaptability of nozzle are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of denitrification nozzle technology, specifically a high-efficiency counterflow nozzle applied to denitrification technology. Background Technology

[0002] Ammonia spray guns are the core components of boiler denitrification systems. They are used to spray ammonia water to react with harmful gases in the boiler, removing substances such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide from the exhaust gas to meet emission standards.

[0003] When the spray atomized reducing agent is working, the gas pressure will fluctuate. The atomizing holes in the existing nozzles are prone to excessive deformation when the pressure is too high, which will prevent the release of stress inside the atomizing holes and reduce the service life. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency counterflow nozzle for use in denitrification technology, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is: a high-efficiency countercurrent nozzle applied to denitrification technology, including a nozzle body, a countercurrent inlet channel provided on the side and rear of the nozzle body, and an adaptive atomization adjustment component provided at the outlet of the nozzle body. The adaptive atomization adjustment component includes an elastic metal sheet, and multiple annularly distributed variable diameter slit holes are formed on the elastic metal sheet.

[0006] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: the liquid is guided to flow in the opposite direction through the counterflow inlet channel at the rear side of the nozzle body. Under pressure, the liquid enters the interior of the nozzle body and flows through the adaptive atomization adjustment component at the outlet. The elastic metal sheet undergoes elastic deformation due to the change in liquid pressure, which drives the opening and closing degree of the annularly distributed variable diameter slits on it to change (the orifices expand when the pressure increases and contract when the pressure decreases). The counterflow design enhances the collision atomization effect between the liquid and the flue gas. The dynamic adaptation between the elastic sheet and the variable diameter slits alleviates the impact of pressure fluctuations on the atomization holes, achieving the goal of balancing atomization uniformity and deformation resistance, and improving the service life and adaptability of the nozzle.

[0007] Preferably, the variable diameter slit hole is star-shaped and radial, and a stress relief hole is provided at the end of the variable diameter slit hole.

[0008] The effects achieved by the above components are as follows: the variable diameter slits are distributed in a star-shaped radial pattern on the elastic metal sheet. When the liquid flows through, it diffuses along the star-shaped path. At the same time, the stress relief holes at the ends of the variable diameter slits disperse the stress concentration at the edge of the orifice. The star-shaped radial layout expands the atomization coverage area. The stress relief holes and the variable diameter structure work together to relieve local stress under high pressure, thereby reducing atomization dead angles and preventing orifice cracking, increasing the atomization coverage area, and improving the structural stability of the nozzle.

[0009] Preferably, a rotatable axial cyclone separator is provided in the countercurrent inlet channel.

[0010] The effect achieved by the aforementioned components is as follows: A rotatable axial cyclone separator installed within the counter-current inlet channel rotates with the liquid flow and creates a swirling effect on the ammonia water as it flows in. This technical feature, combined with the counter-current inlet channel, ensures that the ammonia water forms a swirling state before entering the nozzle body, enhancing the turbulence of the ammonia water, thereby increasing the initial kinetic energy of ammonia water atomization and improving the fineness of subsequent atomization.

[0011] Preferably, a spiral groove is formed on the conical inner wall of the nozzle body.

[0012] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: when the ammonia water flows along the conical inner wall of the nozzle body and the spiral groove opened on it, the ammonia water will be guided by the spiral groove to form a spiral upward flow state. The conical inner wall accelerates the flow speed of the ammonia water, and the spiral groove increases the friction and disturbance between the ammonia water and the wall surface, so that the ammonia water is continuously broken during the flow process, thereby achieving the purpose of strengthening the ammonia water breaking effect and improving the fineness of the droplets after ammonia water atomization.

[0013] Preferably, the centerline of the counterflow inlet channel forms an angle of 120°-150° with the axis of the nozzle body.

[0014] The effect achieved by the above-mentioned components is as follows: by forming an angle of 120°-150° between the center line of the countercurrent inlet channel and the axis of the nozzle body, the ammonia water enters through the countercurrent inlet channel and forms a large-angle countercurrent intersection with the flue gas flow direction in the boiler. This enhances the collision force between the ammonia water and the flue gas, prolongs the contact time between the two, and achieves the purpose of improving the fullness of the mixing between the ammonia water and the flue gas, thereby improving the denitrification reaction efficiency.

[0015] Preferably, the axial cyclone includes 6 to 8 fixed guide vanes with an inclination angle of 30°-45°.

[0016] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: the axial cyclone separator 4 contains 6 to 8 fixed guide vanes with an inclination angle of 30°-45°. When ammonia water flows through, the guide vanes divide and guide the ammonia water, so that the ammonia water forms a stable cyclone. The reasonable setting of the number and inclination angle of the guide vanes ensures that the cyclone intensity is moderate, which not only enhances the atomization effect of ammonia water, but also avoids excessive energy loss, thereby achieving the purpose of optimizing the cyclone state of ammonia water and improving the atomization efficiency of ammonia water.

[0017] Preferably, the diameter of the variable-diameter slit hole on the adaptive atomization adjustment component is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the ring thickness is 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0018] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: the diameter of the variable-diameter slit orifice on the adaptive atomizing adjustment component is 0.5-1.5mm, and the thickness of the elastic metal sheet is 0.1-0.3mm. The size of the two components are matched so that the sheet can flexibly deform to adjust the orifice size under different pressures of ammonia water. The small orifice size ensures the basic atomization fineness, and the thin sheet improves the deformation sensitivity, thereby achieving the goal of stabilizing the atomization effect under pressure fluctuations and improving the nozzle's adaptability to pressure fluctuations.

[0019] This invention provides an improved high-efficiency counter-current nozzle for denitrification technology, which has the following improvements and advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] Firstly, in this utility model, the elastic metal sheet undergoes elastic deformation due to changes in liquid pressure, which causes the opening and closing degree of the annularly distributed variable-diameter slits on it to change (the orifices expand when the pressure increases and contract when the pressure decreases). The counter-current design enhances the collision and atomization effect of the liquid and flue gas. The dynamic adaptation between the elastic sheet and the variable-diameter slits alleviates the impact of pressure fluctuations on the atomization holes, thus achieving the goal of balancing atomization uniformity and deformation resistance.

[0021] Secondly, this utility model uses variable-diameter slit holes distributed in a star-shaped radial pattern on an elastic metal sheet. When the liquid flows through, it diffuses along the star-shaped path. At the same time, the stress relief holes at the ends of the variable-diameter slit holes disperse the stress concentration at the edge of the orifice. The star-shaped radial layout expands the atomization coverage area. The stress relief holes and the variable-diameter structure work together to relieve local stress under high pressure, thereby reducing atomization dead angles and preventing orifice cracking, increasing the atomization coverage area, and improving the structural stability of the nozzle. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adaptive atomization adjustment ring in this utility model.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 1. Nozzle body; 2. Counterflow inlet channel; 3. Adaptive atomization adjustment component; 31. Elastic metal sheet; 32. Variable diameter slit orifice; 33. Stress relief orifice; 4. Axial vortex; 5. Spiral groove. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in detail, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] This utility model provides an improved high-efficiency counter-current nozzle for denitrification technology. The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0030] In embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, a high-efficiency countercurrent nozzle for denitrification technology includes a nozzle body 1. A countercurrent inlet channel 2 is provided on the side and rear of the nozzle body 1. Liquid is guided to flow in the opposite direction through the countercurrent inlet channel 2 on the side and rear of the nozzle body 1. The liquid enters the interior of the nozzle body 1 under pressure. A rotatable axial cyclone 4 is provided in the countercurrent inlet channel 2. The axial cyclone 4 includes 6 to 8 fixed guide vanes with an inclination angle of 30°-45°. When ammonia water flows through the rotatable axial cyclone 4 in the countercurrent inlet channel 2, the guide vanes divide and guide the ammonia water, so that the ammonia water forms a stable cyclone. The reasonable setting of the number and inclination angle of the guide vanes ensures that the cyclone intensity is moderate, which not only enhances the atomization effect of ammonia water, but also avoids excessive energy loss, thus achieving the purpose of optimizing the cyclone state of ammonia water.

[0031] The nozzle body 1 has an adaptive atomization adjustment component 3 at its outlet. This component includes an elastic metal sheet 31 with multiple annularly distributed variable-diameter slits 32. When the liquid flows through the adaptive atomization adjustment component 3 at the outlet, the elastic metal sheet 31 undergoes elastic deformation due to changes in liquid pressure, causing the annularly distributed variable-diameter slits 32 to change their opening degree (the orifices expand when the pressure increases and contract when the pressure decreases). This counter-current design enhances the collision atomization effect between the liquid and the flue gas. The dynamic adaptation between the elastic sheet and the variable-diameter slits mitigates the impact of pressure fluctuations on the atomization holes, achieving a balance between atomization uniformity and deformation resistance. The variable-diameter slits 32 are star-shaped and radially arranged, with stress relief holes 33 at their ends. The variable-diameter slit holes 32 are distributed radially in a star shape on the elastic metal sheet 31. When the liquid flows through, it diffuses along the star-shaped path. At the same time, the stress relief holes 33 at the ends of the variable-diameter slit holes 32 disperse the stress concentration at the edge of the orifice. The star-shaped radial layout expands the atomization coverage. The stress relief holes and the variable-diameter structure work together to relieve local stress under high pressure, thereby reducing atomization dead angles and preventing orifice cracking. The diameter of the variable-diameter slit holes 32 on the adaptive atomization adjustment component 3 is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the ring thickness is 0.1-0.3 mm. By matching the two dimensions, the sheet can flexibly deform to adjust the orifice size under different pressures. The small orifice size ensures the basic atomization fineness, and the thin sheet improves the deformation sensitivity, thereby achieving the goal of stabilizing the atomization effect under pressure fluctuations.

[0032] The working principle of the high-efficiency counter-current nozzle for denitrification technology provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0033] Ammonia water enters the nozzle through the counter-current inlet channel 2 at the rear side of the nozzle body 1. At this time, the center line of the counter-current inlet channel 2 forms an angle of 120°-150° with the axis of the nozzle body 1, so that the initial flow direction of ammonia water and the flue gas flow direction form a large-angle counter-current intersection.

[0034] When ammonia water flows through the countercurrent inlet channel 2, the rotatable axial cyclone separator 4 (containing 6 to 8 fixed guide vanes with an inclination angle of 30°-45°) inside the channel rotates with the liquid flow, generating a swirling effect on the ammonia water and forming a preliminary swirling state.

[0035] Ammonia water with swirling kinetic energy enters the nozzle body 1 and flows along the conical inner wall. During this process, it is guided by the spiral grooves 5 on the inner wall, forming a spiral upward turbulent state. It is constantly rubbed and disturbed during the flow and gradually breaks up.

[0036] The ammonia water, after initial crushing, continues to move towards the nozzle outlet and reaches the adaptive atomization regulator 3 at the outlet. The elastic metal sheet 31 (thickness 0.1-0.3 mm) of the regulator undergoes elastic deformation as the ammonia water pressure fluctuates.

[0037] Multiple annularly distributed, star-shaped radially arranged variable-diameter slit holes 32 (0.5-1.5 mm in diameter) on the elastic metal sheet 31 change their opening and closing degree with the deformation of the sheet. When ammonia water passes through these holes, it is further atomized. The stress relief holes 33 at the ends of the holes simultaneously disperse the stress inside the holes.

[0038] The atomized ammonia water is sprayed out of the nozzle outlet in a star-shaped radial pattern, and collided with the flue gas in the boiler in the opposite direction to complete the atomization and spraying process and participate in the denitrification reaction.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high efficiency counter current nozzle for use in denitration technology comprising a nozzle body (1) characterised in that: A counterflow inlet channel (2) is provided on the rear side of the nozzle body (1), and an adaptive atomization adjustment component (3) is provided at the outlet of the nozzle body (1). The adaptive atomization adjustment component (3) includes an elastic metal sheet (31), and multiple annularly distributed variable diameter slit holes (32) are provided on the elastic metal sheet (31).

2. A high efficiency counter flow nozzle for use in denitrification technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The variable diameter slit hole (32) is star-shaped and radial, and a stress relief hole (33) is provided at the end of the variable diameter slit hole (32).

3. The high efficiency counter flow nozzle for use in denitrification technology as claimed in claim 1 wherein: A rotatable axial vortex (4) is provided inside the countercurrent inlet channel (2).

4. The high efficiency counter flow nozzle for use in denitrification technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle body (1) has a spiral groove (5) on its conical inner wall.

5. The high efficiency counter flow nozzle for use in denitrification technology as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The centerline of the counterflow inlet channel (2) forms an angle of 120°-150° with the axis of the nozzle body (1).

6. The high efficiency counter flow nozzle for use in denitrification technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The axial cyclone separator (4) comprises 6 to 8 fixed guide vanes with an inclination angle of 30°-45°.

7. The high efficiency counter flow nozzle for use in denitrification technology as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The diameter of the variable-diameter slit hole (32) on the adaptive atomizing adjustment component (3) is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the ring thickness is 0.1-0.3 mm.

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