Five-axis machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to mechanical processing equipment technical field provides a five -axis machine tool, include: organism, rotary table, clamp, first sliding plate, main shaft, tool and measuring device, rotary table and organism sliding connection, rotary table can rotate and can move along first direction, clamp is located in rotary table, and clamp is used for clamping the workpiece of waiting for processing, first sliding plate and organism sliding connection, and first sliding plate can move along second direction, main shaft and first sliding plate sliding connection, and main shaft can rotate, and can move along third direction, tool is connected with main shaft, measuring device is located on the organism, and measuring device is used for carrying out real -time on -line detection to the processing size of workpiece. The five -axis machine tool of above, can detect the processing size of workpiece in real time in workpiece rotation processing process, has guaranteed workpiece processing size and the real -time consistency of measurement size, has guaranteed the efficiency and measurement accuracy of on -line measurement, has improved workpiece offline reinspection one -time pass rate, has reduced the repair cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical processing equipment technology, and in particular to a five-axis machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] High-precision plungers and sleeve-type parts are widely used in critical equipment such as hydraulic systems, pumps, and valves. They are typically made of alloy structural steel, which has high material hardness. These parts often have irregular structural features such as spherical or aspherical surfaces. The dimensional accuracy requirements for critical spherical parts are extremely high (usually less than 3μm), and the surface roughness must be lower than Ra0.2. Therefore, the manufacturing process is complex, and high requirements are also placed on the inspection technology after processing.

[0003] Currently, the measurement of such parts after processing is mainly carried out in two ways: one is offline inspection, which is to inspect them by manually operating special measuring equipment; the other is in-machine measurement, which is to measure them directly on the processing equipment using the probe function built into the machine tool, but still requires offline re-inspection.

[0004] The first measurement method relies on manual offline operation. If the part dimensions are not up to standard, it needs to be re-clamped onto the machine tool for repair and then re-inspected offline. This process is not only inefficient but also significantly increases repair costs, and is particularly detrimental to quality and efficiency control under mass production conditions.

[0005] While the second on-machine measurement method can improve inspection efficiency to some extent, it still has significant limitations. Specifically, during machining, the electric spindle typically rotates at high speeds exceeding 20,000 rpm, but during the probe measurement phase, the electric spindle is stationary, making it impossible to simulate the thermal elongation in the Z-axis direction generated during actual high-speed machining. Therefore, the on-machine measurement results are significantly affected by thermal deformation, resulting in large variations in measurement accuracy. It is difficult to consistently achieve high-precision measurements within 3μm, easily leading to dimensional judgment errors and problems such as "overcutting" or "undercutting." This also makes it difficult to effectively guarantee the first-pass yield of the final offline re-inspection. Therefore, providing a machine tool with online measurement capabilities has become an urgent problem to be solved in the industry. Utility Model Content

[0006] This invention provides a five-axis machine tool to solve the problem of large variation in measurement accuracy when the probe built into the machine tool measures the size of the workpiece in the prior art.

[0007] This utility model provides a five-axis machine tool, comprising: a machine body; a rotary table slidably connected to the machine body, the rotary table being rotatable and movable along a first direction; a clamp disposed on the rotary table, the clamp being used to clamp a workpiece to be processed; a first slide plate slidably connected to the machine body, the first slide plate being movable along a second direction; a spindle slidably connected to the first slide plate, the spindle being rotatable and movable along a third direction; a cutting tool connected to the spindle; and a measuring device disposed on the machine body, the measuring device being used to perform real-time online detection of the processing dimensions of the workpiece; wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0008] According to the present invention, a five-axis machine tool is provided, the measuring device comprising: a first base disposed on the machine body; a first drive mechanism disposed on the first base; and a measuring instrument connected to the first drive mechanism and slidable along the first base, the measuring instrument being used for real-time online detection of the machining dimensions of the workpiece.

[0009] According to the present invention, a five-axis machine tool is provided, the measuring instrument includes: a housing, a first slide rail provided on the top surface of the first base, the housing being slidably connected to the first slide rail; a pair of detection arms connected to the housing, the pair of detection arms being arranged in parallel, and the distance between the pair of detection arms being adjustable, the pair of detection arms being used to detect the size of the workpiece in real time.

[0010] According to the present invention, a five-axis machine tool further includes: a second slide plate, a second slide rail provided on the side of the first base, the second slide plate being slidably connected to the second slide rail, and the second slide plate being connected to the first drive mechanism; and a connecting member, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the measuring instrument and the second slide plate.

[0011] According to the present invention, a five-axis machine tool is provided, wherein the first drive mechanism includes: a driver connected to the first base; a lead screw connected to the rotating shaft of the driver; a nut threadedly connected to the lead screw; and a connecting block connected to the nut and the second slide plate.

[0012] According to the present invention, a five-axis machine tool further includes a controller, which is disposed on the machine body; the controller is electrically connected to the measuring instrument, and the controller is used to control the rotary table and the spindle to stop operating when the dimension detected by the measuring instrument is within a threshold range.

[0013] According to the present invention, a five-axis machine tool is provided, wherein the rotary table includes: a second base, which is slidably connected to the machine body and is movable along a first direction; a swing axis, which is connected to the second base and is capable of reciprocating along the second direction; a five-axis plate bridge, which is connected to the swing axis; a rotary axis, which is connected to the five-axis plate bridge and is capable of rotating; a worktable, which is connected to the rotary axis, and the fixture is disposed on the worktable.

[0014] According to the present invention, a five-axis machine tool is provided, wherein the rotary table further includes: a dresser connected to the five-axis bridge, the dresser being used to dress the cutting tool; and a detector connected to the five-axis bridge, the detector being used to detect the diameter of the dressed cutting tool.

[0015] According to the present invention, a five-axis machine tool is provided, wherein the spindle includes: a spindle box, which is slidably connected to the first slide plate, and the spindle box is movable along the third direction; and an electric spindle, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the spindle box and the cutting tool.

[0016] According to the present invention, a five-axis machine tool further includes: a column disposed on the machine body; a crossbeam disposed on the column, wherein the first slide plate is slidably connected to the crossbeam.

[0017] The five-axis machine tool provided by this utility model, by setting up a measuring instrument, can detect the machining dimensions of the workpiece in real time during the workpiece rotation machining process, ensuring the real-time consistency between the workpiece machining dimensions and the measured dimensions. It avoids the measurement error caused by the inability of the probe at zero speed to reproduce the thermal expansion along the longitudinal direction during high-speed machining of the electric spindle. It ensures the efficiency and accuracy of online measurement, improves the first-pass yield of offline re-inspection of workpieces, and reduces rework costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the five-axis machine tool provided by this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the measuring device.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1The diagram shows the structure of the rotary table.

[0022] Figure 4 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the five-axis machine tool provided by this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The enlarged view of point A shown in the image.

[0024] Figure label: 10. First base; 11. First slide rail; 12. Second slide rail; 21. Driver; 22. Lead screw; 30. Measuring instrument; 31. Housing; 32. Detection arm; 40. Second slide plate; 50. Connector; 100. Measuring device; 200. Machine body; 210. Rotary table; 211. Second base; 212. Swing axis; 213. Five-axis bridge; 214. Rotary axis; 215. Worktable; 216. Dresser; 217. Inspector; 220. First slide plate; 230. Spindle; 231. Spindle box; 232. Electric spindle; 240. Controller; 250. Column; 260. Crossbeam; 270. Second drive mechanism; 280. Fixture; 290. Cutting tool; 300. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0026] The following is combined Figures 1-5 This invention describes a five-axis machine tool.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of this utility model, the five-axis machine tool includes: a machine body 200, a rotary table 210, a first slide plate 220, a spindle 230, a fixture 280, a cutting tool 290, and a measuring device 100. The measuring device 100 is mounted on the machine body 200. The rotary table 210 is slidably connected to the machine body 200. The rotary table 210 can not only rotate but also move along a first direction. In this embodiment, the first direction is the y-axis direction, i.e., the front-to-back direction. The fixture 280 is mounted on the rotary table 210. When the rotary table 210 moves along the first direction, it can drive the fixture 280 to move along the first direction, so that the workpiece 300 is opposite to the measuring device 100.

[0028] The first slide plate 220 is also slidably connected to the machine body 200. The first slide plate 220 can move along a second direction, which in this embodiment is the x-axis direction, i.e., the left-right direction. The spindle 230 is connected to the first slide plate 220, and the tool 290 is connected to the spindle 230. When the first slide plate 220 moves along the second direction, it can drive the spindle 230 and the tool 290 to move together along the second direction, so that the tool 290 is opposite to the workpiece 300. In this embodiment, the spindle 230 is slidably connected to the first slide plate 220, and the spindle 230 can move along the first slide plate 220 in a third direction, which in this embodiment is the z-axis direction, i.e., the up-down direction. When the spindle 230 moves along the third direction, it can make the tool 290 contact the workpiece 300 to achieve feed. The rotary table 210 drives the workpiece 300 to rotate, and the spindle 230 drives the tool 290 to rotate and feed, so as to perform grinding on the workpiece 300. During the machining process of workpiece 300, the measuring instrument 30 detects and displays the dimensions of the workpiece in real time, realizing online real-time detection of machining dimensions and improving detection accuracy.

[0029] Optionally, the fixture 280 can clamp and position the workpiece 300 using the principle of tool holder and chuck. The fixture 280 can also be a pneumatic clamping, hydraulic clamping or magnetic clamping and other clamping methods.

[0030] The five-axis machine tool provided in this embodiment of the utility model, by setting a measuring instrument, can detect the machining dimensions of the workpiece in real time during the workpiece rotation machining process, ensuring the real-time consistency between the workpiece machining dimensions and the measured dimensions. It avoids the measurement error caused by the inability of the probe at zero speed to reproduce the thermal expansion along the longitudinal direction during high-speed machining of the electric spindle. It ensures the efficiency and accuracy of online measurement, improves the first-pass yield of offline re-inspection of workpieces, and reduces rework costs.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of this utility model, the measuring device 100 includes: a first base 10, a first driving mechanism, and a measuring instrument 30. The first base 10 is mounted on the machine body 200, the first driving mechanism is mounted on the first base 10, and the measuring instrument 30 is connected to the first driving mechanism. When the first driving mechanism is activated, it can drive the measuring instrument 30 to slide along the first base 10. Specifically, after the workpiece 300 is ready, under the action of the first driving mechanism, the measuring instrument 30 can extend to the outside of the first base 10, with part of the measuring instrument 30 located outside the workpiece 300, to perform real-time detection of the dimensions of the workpiece 300; under the action of the first driving mechanism, the measuring instrument 30 can also retract to the first base 10 to avoid interference with other components on the machine body 200.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, in an embodiment of the utility model, the measuring instrument 30 includes a housing 31 and a pair of detection arms 32. The housing 31 is slidably connected to the first base 10, the pair of detection arms 32 are connected to the housing 31, the pair of detection arms 32 are arranged in parallel, and the distance between the pair of detection arms 32 is adjustable. The pair of detection arms 32 are used to detect the dimensions of the workpiece 300 in real time.

[0033] Specifically, the top surface of the first base 10 is provided with a first slide rail 11. Under the action of the first driving mechanism, the housing 31 can slide along the first slide rail 11, so that the measuring instrument 30 extends out of the first base 10 or moves onto the first base 10. During the processing of the workpiece 300, a pair of detection arms 32 are located outside the workpiece 300, and the pair of detection arms 32 detect the dimensions of the workpiece 300 in real time. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the utility model, the measuring instrument 30 is prior art, so the detection principle will not be described in detail.

[0034] When inspecting the dimensions of workpiece 300, the distance between a pair of inspection arms 32 is first calibrated using a standard part based on the diameter differences of different workpieces to be processed. Then, the pair of inspection arms 32 are positioned outside the workpiece 300. During the rotational processing of workpiece 300, the pair of inspection arms 32 can detect the dimensions of workpiece 300 in real time. In this embodiment, the distance between the pair of inspection arms 32 is adjustable, allowing the measuring instrument 30 to inspect workpieces 300 of different diameters, thus enhancing the applicability of the measuring device 100.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment of the present invention, the measuring device 100 further includes a second sliding plate 40 and a connecting member 50. A second slide rail 12 is provided on the side of the first base 10. A through groove is provided on the surface of the second sliding plate 40 facing the side of the first base 10, and the length direction of the through groove is consistent with the length direction of the second slide rail 12. The second slide rail 12 is embedded in the through groove, and under the action of the first driving mechanism, the second sliding plate 40 can slide along the second slide rail 12. The first end of the connecting member 50 is connected to the housing 31 of the measuring instrument 30, and the second end of the connecting member 50 is connected to the surface of the second sliding plate 40 away from the side of the first base 10. When the first driving mechanism drives the second sliding plate 40 to slide along the second slide rail 12, the second sliding plate 40 drives the connecting member 50 to move, thereby driving the measuring instrument 30 to slide along the first slide rail 11. In this embodiment, the installation accuracy of the measuring instrument 30 can be adjusted through the connecting member 50.

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, in an embodiment of this utility model, the first driving mechanism includes: a driver 21, a lead screw 22, a nut, and a connecting block. The base of the driver 21 is connected to the first base 10, the rotating shaft of the driver 21 is connected to the lead screw 22, the nut is threadedly connected to the lead screw 22, and the connecting block is connected to the nut and the second slide plate 40. When the driver 21 rotates, it drives the lead screw 22 to rotate, and the nut moves linearly along the lead screw 22, thereby driving the second slide plate 40 to slide linearly along the second slide rail 12.

[0037] Optionally, in an embodiment of this utility model, the driver 21 is a servo motor, which can drive the second slide plate 40 to be positioned at any position within its stroke range, while also ensuring that the repeatability of the measuring instrument 30 when it extends beyond the first base 10 or retracts to the first base 10 is below 2µm.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment of the present invention, the five-axis machine tool also includes a controller 240. The controller 240 is mounted on the machine body 200. In this embodiment, the controller 240 is electrically connected to the measuring instrument 30. During the machining of the workpiece 300, the measuring instrument 30 sends the detected data to the controller 240 in real time. When the detected size is within the threshold range, the controller 240 controls the rotary table 210 and the spindle 230 to stop moving.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, in an embodiment of this utility model, the rotary table 210 includes: a second base 211, a swing shaft 212, a five-axis plate bridge 213, a rotation shaft 214, and a worktable 215. The second base 211 is slidably connected to the machine body 200 and can move along a first direction. The swing shaft 212 is connected to the second base 211 and can reciprocate along a second direction. The five-axis plate bridge 213 is connected to the swing shaft 212, and the rotation shaft 214 is connected to the five-axis plate bridge 213 and can rotate. The worktable 215 is connected to the rotation shaft 214, and a clamp 280 is disposed on the worktable 215.

[0040] Specifically, when the second base 211 moves along the first direction, it can move the clamp 280 together, so that the clamp 280 is opposite to the measuring instrument 30. When the swing shaft 212 swings back and forth along the second direction, it can swing the clamp 280 together, so that the workpiece 300 is in a set position. When the rotating shaft 214 rotates, it can rotate the workpiece 300 together.

[0041] like Figure 3As shown, in an embodiment of this utility model, the rotary table 210 further includes a dresser 216 and a measuring instrument 217. The dresser 216 is connected to the five-axis bridge 213. The dresser 216 is used to dress the external dimensions and contour of the tool 290, and the measuring instrument 217 is used to measure the diameter of the dressed tool 290 to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the tool 290. Optionally, in an embodiment of this utility model, the tool 290 can be a cup-shaped grinding wheel tool.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of this utility model, the five-axis machine tool further includes a column 250 and a crossbeam 260. The column 250 is mounted on the machine body 200, the crossbeam 260 is mounted on the column 250, and the first slide plate 220 is slidably connected to the crossbeam 260.

[0043] Specifically, the five-axis machine tool also includes a second drive mechanism 270, which is connected to the first slide plate 220. A third slide rail is provided on the top surface of the crossbeam 260, and a slider is provided on the first slide plate 220. Under the action of the second drive mechanism 270, the slider can slide along the third slide rail to drive the first slide plate 220 to move in the second direction. In this embodiment, the structure of the second drive mechanism 270 can be referenced to the structure of the first drive mechanism, so it will not be described in detail here. like Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of this utility model, the spindle 230 includes a spindle housing 231 and an electric spindle 232. The spindle housing 231 is slidably connected to the first slide plate 220 and is movable in a third direction. The two ends of the electric spindle 232 are respectively connected to the spindle housing 231 and the tool 290.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the first slide plate 220 moves along the second direction, it can drive the tool 290 to move together along the second direction via the spindle 230, so that the tool 290 is opposite to the workpiece 300. The spindle box 231 can move relative to the first slide plate 220 along the third direction, so as to drive the tool 290 to move along the third direction, thereby realizing feed grinding.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, when the workpiece 300 starts to be processed, the rotary shaft 214 drives the workpiece 300 to rotate, the electric spindle 232 drives the tool 290 to rotate and feed, and the measuring arm 32 of the measuring instrument 30 is located outside the workpiece 300 to detect the size of the workpiece 300 in real time.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A five-axis machine tool, characterized in that, include: Organism; A rotary table is slidably connected to the machine body, and the rotary table is capable of rotation and movement in a first direction; A fixture is provided on the rotary table, and the fixture is used to hold the workpiece to be processed; A first sliding plate is slidably connected to the body, and the first sliding plate is capable of moving in a second direction; The main shaft is slidably connected to the first slide plate, and the main shaft is rotatable and can move in a third direction; The cutting tool is connected to the spindle; A measuring device is mounted on the machine body, and the measuring device is used to perform real-time online detection of the machining dimensions of the workpiece; The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring device includes: A first base is disposed on the body; A first driving mechanism is disposed on the first base; The measuring instrument is connected to the first drive mechanism and can slide along the first base. The measuring instrument is used to perform real-time online detection of the machining dimensions of the workpiece.

3. The five-axis machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring instrument includes: The housing has a first slide rail on the top surface of the first base, and the housing is slidably connected to the first slide rail; A pair of detection arms are connected to the housing. The pair of detection arms are arranged in parallel and the distance between the pair of detection arms is adjustable. The pair of detection arms are used to detect the size of the workpiece in real time.

4. The five-axis machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The second slide plate is provided on the side of the first base, the second slide plate is slidably connected to the second slide rail, and the second slide plate is connected to the first drive mechanism; A connector, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the measuring instrument and the second sliding plate.

5. The five-axis machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first driving mechanism includes: The driver is connected to the first base; A lead screw is connected to the rotating shaft of the driver; Nut, threadedly connected to the lead screw; The connecting block is connected to the nut and the second sliding plate.

6. The five-axis machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a controller, which is disposed on the body; The controller is electrically connected to the measuring instrument, and the controller is used to control the rotary table and the spindle to stop operating when the size detected by the measuring instrument is within a threshold range.

7. The five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary table includes: The second base is slidably connected to the body, and the second base is capable of moving along the first direction; A swing shaft is connected to the second base and is capable of reciprocating along the second direction; A five-axis plate bridge is connected to the swing shaft; A rotating shaft is connected to the five-axis plate bridge, and the rotating shaft is capable of rotation. A worktable is connected to the rotating shaft, and the fixture is disposed on the worktable.

8. The five-axis machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotary table also includes: A dresser, connected to the five-axis bridge, is used to dress the cutting tool; The testing instrument is connected to the five-axis bridge and is used to test the diameter of the dressed tool.

9. The five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spindle includes: The spindle box is slidably connected to the first slide plate, and the spindle box is movable along the third direction; An electric spindle, the two ends of which are connected to the spindle box and the cutting tool, respectively.

10. The five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The uprights are installed on the machine body; A crossbeam is provided on the column, and the first sliding plate is slidably connected to the crossbeam.

Images