column tail device

Abstract

The application relates to a train tail device, which comprises a support frame installed at the tail of a train, a control assembly, the control assembly comprising a safety board electrically connected with a main line, the safety board comprising two groups of parallel operation systems and a switch connected in series with the two groups of operation systems, each group of operation systems comprising a comparator and two parallel operation modules; at least one mounting cavity is formed in the support frame, and the safety board can be detachably mounted in one of the mounting cavities. The train tail device can realize a two-by-two two-vote redundancy architecture through the two sets of independent operation modules, the architecture can support module-level and system-level double fault tolerance, when a module of the main system is abnormally self-checked, the vice system immediately takes over, so that the fault tolerance rate of the train tail device is obviously improved, and the reliability and stability of the train tail device are obviously improved. The train tail device can also form a passive heat dissipation structure for the safety board through the setting of heat dissipation holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of railway transportation safety equipment technology, and in particular to train tail devices. Background Technology

[0002] The train tail device, officially known as the train tail safety protection device, is a specialized safety protection device developed to ensure train operation safety when the rear of the freight car is unattended and maintenance is not required. It integrates computer coding, wireless remote control, voice recognition, and computer processing technologies. It is an important piece of railway equipment. The train tail device not only serves as a marker at the rear of the train but also functions as a low wind pressure alarm, a rear ventilation brake, a low battery alarm, and records data from the black box. The train tail device plays a crucial role in ensuring train operation safety and enabling train integrity diagnostics.

[0003] To improve the reliability of the tail unit, existing tail units generally use a dual-machine hot standby architecture. However, this architecture can only achieve master-slave switching and cannot achieve real-time redundancy verification, which can easily lead to delays in braking commands and cause the risk of asynchronous braking at the tail. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new tail-end device to address the poor reliability of the dual-machine hot standby architecture in existing tail-end devices.

[0005] A tail device, comprising:

[0006] A support frame, which is installed at the rear of the train;

[0007] A control component includes a safety board electrically connected to the main line. The safety board includes two sets of parallel arithmetic systems and a switch connected in series with the two sets of arithmetic systems. Each set of arithmetic systems includes a comparator and two parallel arithmetic modules. The comparator is connected in series at the rear end of the two parallel arithmetic modules and is used to compare the calculation data of the two arithmetic modules. One arithmetic system is the main system, and the other is the secondary system. The switch is used to output the data of the main system or the data of the secondary system. When the calculation results of the two arithmetic modules in the main system are the same, the switch outputs the instruction of the main system. When the calculation results of the two arithmetic modules in the main system are different, the switch outputs the instruction of the secondary system.

[0008] The support frame has at least one mounting chamber, and the safety plate is detachably installed in one of the mounting chambers. The side wall of the mounting chamber in which the safety plate is installed is provided with heat dissipation holes.

[0009] In one embodiment, the safety board is electrically connected to a heartbeat detection module, which sends a heartbeat signal to the primary system at set intervals. If no response is received for a set number of consecutive times, the system switches to the secondary system for operation.

[0010] In one embodiment, the tail device further includes a sensor group electrically connected to the main line, the sensor group including at least one of a voltage sensor, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a current sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and an acceleration sensor.

[0011] In one embodiment, the tail device further includes a data acquisition module and a fault prediction module. The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the sensor group and is used to acquire at least one parameter among battery voltage, exhaust flow rate, tail pipe pressure, operating voltage, operating current, operating temperature and humidity, and running acceleration. The fault prediction module is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and is used to calculate the fault probability.

[0012] In one embodiment, the tail device further includes a radio, which includes a 400M radio electrically connected to the main line and an LTE radio electrically connected to the main line, the 400M radio and the LTE radio being respectively installed in two of the mounting chambers.

[0013] In one embodiment, the tail device further includes a positioning module, which has a built-in wireless communication module.

[0014] In one embodiment, the tail device further includes a communication control board and a display screen electrically connected to the main line. The communication control board and the mounting plate are installed in the same mounting chamber. The communication control board is electrically connected to the display screen, which is mounted on the outer wall of the support frame.

[0015] In one embodiment, the tail device further includes a universal interface electrically connected to the main line, the universal interface being fixed to the support frame.

[0016] In one embodiment, the support frame includes multiple mounting plates, which together enclose multiple mounting chambers, and the mounting plates are provided with heat dissipation holes.

[0017] In one embodiment, one of the mounting plates is provided with mounting rails.

[0018] The aforementioned tail unit, through its two independent computing modules, achieves a 2x2 redundancy architecture. This architecture supports both module-level and system-level fault tolerance. When a module in the primary system fails a self-test, the secondary system immediately takes over, significantly improving the fault tolerance rate of the tail unit and enhancing its reliability and stability. Furthermore, the tail unit utilizes ventilation holes to create a passive cooling structure for the safety board, thereby improving its heat dissipation efficiency and reducing the probability of failure due to high temperatures. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tail device described in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a wiring diagram of the safety plate in the tail device described in the embodiment of this application.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0022] 1. Support frame; 11. Heat dissipation holes; 12. Mounting plate; 13. Mounting rail; 2. Safety board; 21. Comparator; 22. Calculation module; 23. Switcher; 31. 400M radio; 32. LTE radio; 4. Communication control board; 5. Display screen; 6. Universal interface. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0025] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0029] This application provides a tail-end device that can achieve a 2x2 redundancy architecture through the aforementioned two independent computing modules. This architecture supports module-level and system-level dual fault tolerance. When a module in the primary system fails a self-test, the secondary system immediately takes over, thereby significantly improving the fault tolerance rate of the tail-end device and greatly enhancing its reliability and stability. Furthermore, the tail-end device can also form a passive heat dissipation structure for the safety board through the arrangement of heat dissipation holes, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the tail-end device and reducing the probability of failure due to high temperatures.

[0030] The present application will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a train tail device, including: a support frame 1, which is installed at the rear of the train; and a control component, which includes a safety plate 2 electrically connected to the main line. The safety plate 2 includes two sets of parallel arithmetic systems and a switch 23 connected in series with the two sets of arithmetic systems. Each set of arithmetic systems includes a comparator 21 and two parallel arithmetic modules 22. The comparator 21 is connected in series at the rear end of the two parallel arithmetic modules 22 and is used to compare the calculation data of the two arithmetic modules 22. One arithmetic system is the main system, and the other is the secondary system. The switch 23 is used to output the data of the main system or the data of the secondary system. When the calculation results of the two arithmetic modules 22 in the main system are the same, the main system command is output; when the calculation results of the two arithmetic modules 22 in the main system are different, the secondary system command is output. At least one mounting chamber is formed on the support frame 1, and the safety plate 2 is detachably installed in one of the mounting chambers. The side wall of the mounting chamber where the safety plate 2 is installed is provided with heat dissipation holes 11.

[0032] It should be understood that when the signal is transmitted to the input terminal of the security board 2, it will be transmitted to a total of four operation modules 22 in the main system and the secondary system for calculation. If the calculation results of the two operation modules 22 in the main system are consistent, the calculation result of the main system will be output. If the comparator 21 of the main system detects that the calculation results of the two operation modules 22 in the main system are inconsistent, the switcher 23 will be used to switch to the line of the secondary system and the calculation result of the secondary system will be output.

[0033] The tail device provided in this embodiment can achieve a 2x2 redundancy architecture through the two independent computing modules 22. This architecture supports module-level and system-level dual fault tolerance. When a module in the primary system fails a self-test, the secondary system immediately takes over, thereby significantly improving the fault tolerance rate of the tail device and greatly enhancing its reliability and stability. Furthermore, the tail device can form a passive heat dissipation structure for the safety board 2 through the heat dissipation holes 11, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the tail device and reducing the probability of failure due to high temperature.

[0034] In some further embodiments, the tail device employs a combination of honeycomb-shaped heat dissipation holes inside and external heat dissipation structure to form a passive heat dissipation structure inside the tail device, thereby significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency inside the tail device.

[0035] Furthermore, the primary and secondary systems synchronize calculation results in real time via a high-speed bus (rate ≥1Gbps) to ensure seamless state transition during switching.

[0036] In some embodiments, the safety board 2 is electrically connected to a heartbeat detection module. The heartbeat detection module sends a heartbeat signal to the primary system at set intervals. If no response is received after a set number of consecutive attempts, the system switches to the secondary system. The set interval can be 50ms, 60ms, 100ms, 200ms, etc., and the set number of attempts can be 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, etc., which can be selected according to actual needs. The heartbeat detection module can proactively detect faults in the control component, thereby promptly determining whether a fault exists in the primary system and switching to the secondary system in a timely manner.

[0037] Furthermore, all control commands in the control component must be verified through digital signatures (RSA-2048) to prevent malicious tampering. Data communication is encrypted using the TLS 1.3 protocol to ensure transmission security.

[0038] Furthermore, the tail device incorporates dynamic key management, automatically updating the communication key every 24 hours to prevent long-term key leakage risks. Hardware encryption can also be used, such as embedding a security chip (SE) within the control component.

[0039] In some embodiments, the tail device further includes a sensor group electrically connected to the main line, the sensor group including at least one of a voltage sensor, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a current sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and an acceleration sensor. The pressure sensor, flow sensor, and other sensors can be electrically connected to the safety board 2, while the temperature and humidity sensor and other sensors can be electrically connected to the communication control board 4.

[0040] In some embodiments, the tail device further includes a data acquisition module and a fault prediction module. The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the sensor group and is used to acquire at least one parameter selected from battery voltage, exhaust flow rate, tail pipe pressure, operating voltage, operating current, operating temperature and humidity, and running acceleration. The fault prediction module is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and is used to calculate the fault probability. Through the configuration of the sensor group and the data acquisition module, key parameters such as battery voltage (accuracy ±0.1V), exhaust flow rate (range 0-100L / s), tail pipe pressure (0-1000kPa), operating voltage, operating current, operating temperature and humidity, and running acceleration can be monitored in real time.

[0041] Furthermore, the fault prediction module can analyze historical data based on machine learning algorithms (such as random forests) to provide early warnings of potential faults. Model training uses fault samples from a historical operational database, extracts key indicators such as pressure fluctuations and current anomalies through feature engineering, and performs online iterative optimization in conjunction with real-time data streams to ensure prediction accuracy.

[0042] In some further embodiments, when the fault prediction module detects a potential fault probability of less than 90% and not less than 60%, it can issue a first-level warning signal to prompt staff to perform maintenance within 24 or 48 hours. When the fault prediction module detects a potential fault probability of not less than 90%, it can issue a second-level warning signal to immediately trigger remote locking and push maintenance information prompts.

[0043] In some embodiments, the tail device further includes radios, including a 400M radio 31 electrically connected to the main line and an LTE radio 32 electrically connected to the main line, the 400M radio 31 and the LTE radio 32 being installed in two separate mounting chambers. Furthermore, both the 400M radio 31 and the LTE radio 32 can be electrically connected to the security board 2.

[0044] Furthermore, the tail-end device also includes a positioning module with a built-in wireless communication module. This module can connect to the BeiDou system via wireless communication. When carriages are temporarily added to the train, the system automatically identifies the changes in train formation through BeiDou positioning trajectory analysis (such as changes in carriage spacing) and triggers a re-matching process. Specifically, this can involve combining the train number, number of carriages, and length change data obtained from the onboard tail-end radio to perform matching logic calculations.

[0045] It should be understood that all communication modules in this tail device can transmit signals via 4G modules, 5G modules, or other wireless communication modules.

[0046] Continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, the tail-end device also includes a control board 4 and a display screen 5 electrically connected to the main line. The control board 4 and the safety board 2 are installed in the same mounting chamber. The control board 4 and the display screen 5 are electrically connected, and the display screen 5 is mounted on the outer wall of the support frame 1. The control board 4 can share some of the control work of the safety board 2, reducing the workload of the safety board 2, and at the same time, it forms a redundancy with the safety board 2, further improving the reliability of the tail-end device. The display screen 5 allows for convenient and direct display of various information of the tail-end device, facilitating worker observation, judgment, and operation.

[0047] In some embodiments, the tail device also includes a universal interface 6 electrically connected to the main line. The universal interface 6 is fixed on the support frame 1, which realizes a standardized interface connection and supports "plug and play". This configuration can significantly improve maintenance efficiency.

[0048] In some embodiments, the support frame 1 includes multiple mounting plates 12, which together enclose multiple mounting chambers. Heat dissipation holes 11 are provided on the mounting plates 12. The mounting plates 12 can be integrally molded from engineering plastic alloy PC+ABS, or other alloy materials or plastic materials, as long as they can reduce weight while maintaining structural strength.

[0049] In some further embodiments, one of the mounting plates 12 is provided with a mounting guide rail 13, and the support frame 1 can be slidably mounted to a set position through the mounting guide rail 13, and the mounting guide rail 13 can achieve limiting fixation in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction, thereby further improving the fixation stability of the support frame 1.

[0050] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tail-end device, characterized in that, include: Support frame (1), said support frame (1) is installed at the rear of the train; The control component includes a safety board (2) electrically connected to the main line. The safety board (2) includes two sets of parallel arithmetic systems and a switch (23) connected in series with the two sets of arithmetic systems. Each set of arithmetic systems includes a comparator (21) and two parallel arithmetic modules (22). The comparator (21) is connected in series at the rear end of the two parallel arithmetic modules (22) and is used to compare the calculation data of the two arithmetic modules (22). One of the arithmetic systems is the main system and the other is the secondary system. The switch (23) is used to output the data of the main system or the data of the secondary system. At least one mounting chamber is formed on the support frame (1), and the safety plate (2) is detachably installed in one of the mounting chambers. The side wall of the mounting chamber in which the safety plate (2) is installed is provided with heat dissipation holes (11).

2. The tail-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety board (2) is electrically connected to a heartbeat detection module, which sends a heartbeat signal to the main system at set intervals.

3. The tail device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail device also includes a sensor group electrically connected to the main line, the sensor group including at least one of a voltage sensor, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a current sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and an acceleration sensor.

4. The tail device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tail device further includes a data acquisition module and a fault prediction module. The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the sensor group and is used to acquire at least one parameter among battery voltage, exhaust flow rate, tail pipe pressure, operating voltage, operating current, operating temperature and humidity, and running acceleration. The fault prediction module is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and is used to calculate the fault probability.

5. The tail-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail device also includes a radio, which includes a 400M radio (31) electrically connected to the main line and an LTE radio (32) electrically connected to the main line. The 400M radio (31) and the LTE radio (32) are respectively installed in the two mounting chambers.

6. The tail-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail device also includes a positioning module, which has a built-in wireless communication module.

7. The tail-end device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tail device also includes a communication control board (4) and a display screen (5) electrically connected to the main line. The communication control board (4) and the safety board (2) are installed in the same installation chamber. The communication control board (4) and the display screen (5) are electrically connected. The display screen (5) is installed on the outer wall of the support frame (1).

8. The tail-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail device also includes a universal interface (6) that is electrically connected to the main line, and the universal interface (6) is fixed on the support frame (1).

9. The tail-end device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The support frame (1) includes multiple mounting plates (12), which together enclose multiple mounting chambers, and the mounting plates (12) are provided with heat dissipation holes (11).

10. The tail-end device according to claim 9, characterized in that, One of the mounting plates (12) is provided with a mounting rail (13).

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