A new type of guardrail

Abstract

The utility model relates to safety equipment technical field, concretely relates to a novel guardrail and base, frame, baffle and anti -collision convex structure, has the advantages such as improving anti -overturning stability, realizing multistage energy absorption mechanism and being convenient for local maintenance. In view of the problem of poor base adaptability, adopts multi -point dispersion support structure to reduce local stress, in view of the problem of low energy absorption efficiency, designs independent collapse structure and directional force transmission path, in view of the problem of high maintenance cost, introduces modularization detachable assembly. Through the optimization force transmission direction and material deformation mode, realize the balance of energy absorption efficiency and structural stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of safety equipment technology, specifically to a novel protective railing. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional guardrails are widely used for road safety, but their base structures are prone to tilting and instability in soft soil foundations or strong wind environments. Detachable bases also pose a risk of breakage due to stress concentration at the joints. Energy absorption mechanisms rely on overall material deformation, requiring complete replacement after a single impact, resulting in high maintenance costs. Modular crash barriers, lacking an efficient force transmission path between the surface and the buffer layer, have low energy absorption efficiency and struggle to meet the protection needs of complex working conditions. Utility Model Content

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes a novel guardrail and its base, frame, baffle, and anti-collision protrusion structure, which has the advantages of improving anti-overturning stability, realizing a multi-level energy absorption mechanism, and facilitating local maintenance.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution

[0006] This application provides a novel protective fence, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0007] include:

[0008] Multiple bases are spaced apart at the bottom, and each base has a slot with a locking mechanism on its top;

[0009] The frame has at least three connecting posts at the bottom that match the slots. After the connecting posts are inserted into the slots, they are fixed by a locking mechanism.

[0010] The baffle is detachably installed on the frame, and its surface is covered with multiple independent anti-collision protrusions.

[0011] The anti-collision protrusions consist of the following connected components from the inside out:

[0012] A connecting base embedded in the surface of the baffle;

[0013] An outwardly extending conical force transmission section;

[0014] The contact end is equipped with a buffer cavity, which is filled with porous energy-absorbing material; the baffle has a cavity inside, and a buffer layer formed by interwoven porous metal rods is installed inside the cavity; when a collision occurs, the impact force is dissipated through the buffer cavity at the contact end and transmitted to the buffer layer through the force transmission section, causing the porous metal rods to undergo plastic deformation and absorb energy.

[0015] Furthermore, this application also proposes that a counterweight is detachably provided in the slot of the base, and the counterweight is composed of a rigid shell, a concrete layer and a particle filling layer.

[0016] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the baffle side is provided with a first connecting hole and the frame is provided with a second connecting hole at the corresponding position, and the two are detachably connected by fasteners.

[0017] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the buffer cavity be filled with a closed-cell foam metal material with a density of 0.4–0.6 g / cm³. 3 Compressive strength ≥8MPa.

[0018] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the porous metal rod has a porosity of 60%–80% and is arranged in a honeycomb structure.

[0019] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] (1) In this invention, the inventors discovered a contradiction between the base stability, energy absorption efficiency, and maintenance cost of traditional guardrails. By analyzing the collision energy transfer path, they proposed decomposing the impact energy into a multi-stage dissipation mechanism.

[0022] (2) To address the problem of poor base adaptability, this utility model adopts a multi-point distributed support structure to reduce local stress; to address the problem of low energy absorption efficiency, an independent collapse structure and directional force transmission path are designed; and to address the problem of high maintenance costs, modular and detachable components are introduced. By optimizing the force transmission direction and material deformation mode, a balance between energy absorption efficiency and structural stability is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the guardrail;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the baffle and the frame;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the frame and the base;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the anti-collision section;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the baffle;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the woven buffer layer.

[0030] 1. Base, 11. Slot, 2. Frame, 21. Connecting post, 22. Second connecting hole, 3. Baffle, 31. Cavity, 32. First connecting hole, 4. Anti-collision protrusion, 41. Connecting base, 42. Force transmission section, 43. Contact end, 44. Buffer cavity, 5. Buffer layer, 51. Porous metal rod. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Compared to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, feasible embodiments within the scope of this disclosure may have fewer components, other components not shown in the drawings, different components, components arranged differently, or components with different connections, etc. Furthermore, two or more components in the drawings may be implemented in a single component, or a single component shown in the drawings may be implemented as multiple separate components.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not necessarily indicate a quantity limitation. Terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or “having” mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the element or object listed following the word and its equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as “connected” or “connected” are not limited to the physical or mechanical connection or connection shown in the drawings, but may include equivalent connections or connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “horizontal,” and “vertical” are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described object changes.

[0033] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this application proposes a novel guardrail, comprising multiple bases 1 spaced apart, with slots 11 equipped with locking mechanisms at the top of each base 1; at least three connecting posts 21 at the bottom of a frame 2 that match the slots 11, and the connecting posts 21 are fixed after being inserted into the slots 11; a baffle 3 is detachably installed on the frame 2, with independent anti-collision protrusions 4 distributed on its surface. Each anti-collision protrusion 4 includes a connecting base 41, a tapered force transmission section 42, and a contact end 43 with a buffer cavity 44, the buffer cavity 44 being filled with porous energy-absorbing material; the internal cavity 31 of the baffle 3 is provided with a buffer layer 5 formed by interlaced porous metal rods 51.

[0036] The slot 11 refers to the mechanical interface located on the top of the base 1, which can be implemented using a groove structure with a spring lock, for precise docking with the connecting column 21 and maintaining vertical constraint. The connecting column 21 refers to the support component at the bottom of the frame 2, which can be implemented using a stepped shaft structure to distribute the load of the frame 2 through multi-point contact. The anti-collision protrusion 4 refers to an independently set impact absorption unit, which can be implemented using a bolt-embedded method to ensure that the unit collapses independently during local impacts.

[0037] The conical force transmission section 42 refers to a force transmission component with a gradually changing cross-section, which can be implemented using a frustum cone structure. It transforms point impacts into planar loads through cross-sectional changes. The buffer cavity 44 refers to the hollow structure inside the contact end 43, which can be implemented using a hemispherical cavity. It prolongs the impact duration through collapse deformation. The porous energy-absorbing material refers to a filler with compressive deformation characteristics, which can be implemented using closed-cell foam metal. It absorbs high-frequency impact energy through pore collapse. The porous metal rod 51 refers to a metal component with a honeycomb-like pore structure, which can be implemented using aluminum alloy extrusion molding. It dissipates impact kinetic energy through plastic deformation.

[0038] Specifically, upon collision, the impact force first acts on the contact end 43 of the anti-collision protrusion 4. The porous material filling the buffer cavity 44 undergoes crushing deformation, absorbing the initial impact energy. The conical force transmission section 42 transmits the remaining impact force along its axial direction to the interior of the baffle 3, reducing the load per unit area through the cross-sectional expansion effect. The interwoven porous metal rods 51 undergo axial buckling under the impact force, continuously dissipating energy through metal plastic deformation. The detachable connection between the baffle 3 and the frame 2 allows for individual replacement of damaged components, and the three-point support structure of the base 1 slot 11 and connecting column 21 enhances overall stability.

[0039] Compared to existing technologies, traditional guardrails use an integral base or a single-point plug-in structure, which is prone to uneven settlement in soft soil environments. This invention, through multi-point plug-in and locking mechanisms, forms an adaptive support system, reducing the impact of foundation conditions on stability. Existing buffer layers 5 often use an integral honeycomb structure, which is prone to brittle fracture under impact. In contrast, interwoven metal rods disperse stress at the nodes, delaying the structural failure process. Traditional anti-collision units and buffer layers 5 are rigidly connected, and impact energy is easily reflected and lost at the interface. This solution uses a conical force transmission section 42 to achieve directional energy transfer, improving energy absorption efficiency.

[0040] Through the above technical solutions, this application effectively solves the instability problem of the base under complex foundation conditions and reduces the risk of fracture of the connection structure. A multi-stage energy absorption mechanism dissipates impact energy in stages, preventing rapid failure of a single material. Modular design allows for the individual replacement of local components, reducing the impact of maintenance work on the overall structure and extending the service life of the guardrail.

[0041] This application further proposes that a counterweight is detachably provided in the slot 11, the counterweight being composed of a rigid shell, a concrete layer and a particle filling layer.

[0042] Among them, the rigid shell refers to the metal shell that serves as the load-bearing skeleton. Specifically, it can be made of cast steel. Its inner wall can be provided with anti-slip protrusions to prevent the particle layer from solidifying and hardening. In the technical solution, it plays the role of dispersing local stress and protecting the internal structure.

[0043] The concrete layer refers to a high-density material layer filled inside the rigid shell. Specifically, it can be formed by pouring concrete with a density of not less than 2.3 grams per cubic centimeter. In the technical solution, the overall stability of the base is enhanced by providing a constant mass.

[0044] The granular filling layer refers to a flowable material layer located between the concrete layer and the rigid shell. Specifically, it can be achieved by using dry sand with a premixed water-repellent agent. In the technical solution, the center of gravity distribution is adjusted in real time by the flow of particles to resist tilting caused by external forces.

[0045] Specifically, the three-layer composite structure of the counterweight achieves dynamic foundation stability through synergistic action. When the base 1 is affected by uneven settlement of the soft soil foundation, the granular filling layer flows inside the rigid shell and fills the lower side space, automatically correcting the levelness of the base 1. When strong winds or collisions cause a tilting tendency, the granular filling layer flows to the bottom of the stressed side, generating an additional moment to resist overturning. The concrete layer, as the main mass block, provides foundation counterweight, while the rigid shell ensures the overall rigidity of the structure and disperses the contact stress between the slot 11 and the connecting column 21. The detachable design of the counterweight allows for individual replacement of the granular layer to address moisture-induced compaction or to maintain cracked concrete layers, while retaining the outer shell for reuse.

[0046] This application further proposes that the baffle 3 has a first connecting hole 32 on its side and the frame 2 has a second connecting hole 22 at the corresponding position, and the two are detachably connected by fasteners.

[0047] The first connecting hole 32 refers to the through hole located in the middle of the side of the baffle 3. Specifically, the through hole can be formed by machining and a stainless steel bushing can be installed in the hole. This design allows the impact force to be transmitted to the frame 2 along the plane of the baffle 3, avoiding stress concentration around the hole.

[0048] The second connecting hole 22 refers to the positioning hole set on the reinforcing rib of the frame 2. Specifically, it can be achieved by using laser cutting technology to process an elongated hole on the profile of the frame 2. This hole position is coaxially matched with the first connecting hole 32, and the rigidity of the frame 2 is used to diffuse local stress.

[0049] Fasteners refer to mechanical fasteners used to connect baffle 3 and frame 2. Specifically, they can be made by using standard hexagonal bolts with anti-loosening nuts or wedge-shaped self-locking blocks to meet the requirements of convenient daily maintenance and anti-loosening under high-frequency impact environment.

[0050] Specifically, when the baffle 3 is subjected to a collision impact, the internal buffer layer 5 absorbs most of the energy through the plastic deformation of the porous metal rod 51, and the remaining impact force is transmitted to the second connecting hole 22 of the frame 2 through the first connecting hole 32 on the side of the baffle 3. The first connecting hole 32 is located in the middle of the side of the baffle 3, so that the load is evenly distributed along the plane of the baffle 3; the second connecting hole 22 is set on the reinforcing rib of the frame 2, and the local stress is dispersed through the overall rigidity of the frame 2.

[0051] The fasteners are installed using a pre-tightening force control method, which creates pre-compression deformation at the contact surface between the baffle 3 and the frame 2, improving connection stability. The second connecting hole 22 on the frame 2 is designed as an elongated hole, allowing the baffle 3 to deflect slightly upon impact, converting bending moment into shear force. A clearance fit is maintained between the bolt shank and the hole, providing buffer space for deformation. During maintenance, the baffle 3 can be removed from the side of the frame 2 by loosening the fasteners, without damaging the main structure.

[0052] This application further proposes filling the buffer cavity 44 with a closed-cell foam metal material with a density of 0.4–0.6 g / cm³. 3 Compressive strength ≥8MPa.

[0053] Closed-cell foam metal materials refer to metal matrix composite materials with independent closed pore structures. Specifically, they can be prepared by aluminum-based or nickel-based alloys through powder metallurgy foaming process. Their closed-cell structure can avoid stress concentration caused by pore interconnection and form a stable three-dimensional support network.

[0054] Density is 0.4–0.6 g / cm³ 3This refers to the control range of the material's unit volume mass, which can be achieved by adjusting the amount of foaming agent added or the foaming temperature. This density range ensures lightweight while maintaining a reasonable ratio between the pore wall thickness and the pore diameter, ensuring that the material undergoes controllable plastic deformation under impact loads.

[0055] A compressive strength of ≥8MPa refers to the minimum destructive load that a material can withstand per unit area when subjected to axial compression. This can be achieved by optimizing the alloy composition or heat treatment process. This index enables the material to undergo plastic deformation when absorbing impact energy, while avoiding collapse failure caused by brittle fracture.

[0056] Specifically, when impacted, the independent, closed pores of closed-cell foam metal disperse impact energy through bending, buckling, and plastic deformation of the pore walls. The closed structure avoids the crack propagation problem caused by interconnected pores in open-cell materials. Density control achieves a balance between lightweight and structural strength, and the optimized design of pore wall thickness and pore diameter forms multi-level support units, ensuring that impact force is evenly transmitted throughout the entire buffer layer 5.

[0057] The limitation of compressive strength ensures that the material can maintain its structural integrity when subjected to multiple impacts. The plastic deformation capacity of the closed-cell wall allows it to maintain its shape through elastic recovery after energy absorption, avoiding irreversible damage caused by brittle collapse in traditional high-porosity metals.

[0058] This application further proposes that the porous metal rod 51 has a porosity of 60%–80% and is arranged in a honeycomb structure.

[0059] The porosity of the porous metal rod 51 refers to the proportion of pore volume to the total volume of the material. Specifically, it can be prepared using powder metallurgy or a foaming method. By controlling the particle size of the metal powder and the ratio of the foaming agent, the porosity can be achieved within the range of 60%–80%. This porosity range provides sufficient pore space to accommodate plastic deformation while avoiding insufficient overall material strength due to excessive porosity. The honeycomb structure arrangement refers to the periodic arrangement of the metal rods in the buffer layer 5 according to hexagonal units. This can be achieved through mold forming or 3D printing technology. The honeycomb structure forms a uniform stress dispersion network through the regularly arranged support units.

[0060] Specifically, under impact loads, the walls of the honeycomb-arranged hexagonal units first undergo elastic deformation, followed by adjacent units gradually entering the plastic deformation stage through coordinated buckling. During deformation, the porous structure of the 60%–80% porosity metal rod provides deformation space for the metal matrix, allowing stress to be transferred to the surrounding structure through the continuous walls of the honeycomb units, thus preventing localized stress concentration that could lead to brittle fracture. The regular arrangement of the honeycomb structure ensures that impact energy is uniformly diffused along the hexagonal support network, enabling the porous metal rod 51 to absorb energy through gradual plastic deformation under multiple impacts, rather than experiencing sudden brittle collapse.

[0061] Compared with existing technologies, traditional high-porosity metal buffer layers 5 are prone to local stress concentration zones under repeated impacts due to disordered pore distribution and excessively high porosity, leading to brittle fracture of the material. This solution, by limiting the porosity range and adopting a honeycomb arrangement, enables the material to maintain high energy absorption efficiency while guiding uniform energy dissipation through an ordered structure, significantly improving the fatigue resistance of buffer layer 5.

[0062] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problem that the high porosity metal buffer layer 5 is prone to irreversible brittle collapse under repeated impacts. The synergistic effect of honeycomb arrangement and optimized porosity enables the buffer layer 5 to maintain progressive plastic deformation capability in multiple collisions, avoids the sudden drop in protective performance caused by brittle fracture, and reduces the maintenance frequency caused by structural failure.

[0063] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The technical content for which protection is sought in the present invention has been fully described in the claims.

Claims

1. A novel protective fence, characterized in that, include: Multiple bases (1) are spaced apart at the bottom, and each base (1) has a slot (11) with a locking mechanism on its top; The frame (2) has at least three connecting posts (21) at the bottom that match the slot (11). The connecting posts (21) are fixed by the locking mechanism after being inserted into the slot (11). The baffle (3) is detachably installed on the frame (2), and its surface is distributed with multiple independent anti-collision protrusions (4); The anti-collision protrusion (4) comprises the following components connected sequentially from the inside to the outside: A connecting base (41) is embedded in the surface of the baffle (3); Outwardly extending conical force transmission section (42); The contact end (43) is provided with a buffer cavity (44) at the end, and the buffer cavity (44) is filled with a porous energy-absorbing material; the baffle (3) is provided with a cavity (31) inside, and a buffer layer (5) formed by interlaced porous metal rods (51) is provided inside the cavity; when a collision occurs, the impact force is dissipated through the buffer cavity (44) of the contact end (43) in sequence, and transmitted to the buffer layer (5) through the force transmission section (42), causing the porous metal rods (51) to undergo plastic deformation to absorb energy.

2. The novel protective fence according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) has a counterweight (12) detachably installed in the slot (11). The counterweight (12) is composed of a rigid shell, a concrete layer and a particle filling layer.

3. The novel protective fence according to claim 2, characterized in that, The baffle (3) has a first connecting hole (32) on its side, and the frame (2) has a second connecting hole (22) at the corresponding position. The two are detachably connected by fasteners (6).

4. The novel protective fence according to claim 3, characterized in that, The buffer cavity (44) is filled with closed-cell foam metal material with a density of 0.4–0.6 g / cm³. 3 Compressive strength ≥8MPa.

5. The novel protective fence according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The porous metal rod (51) has a porosity of 60%–80% and is arranged in a honeycomb structure.

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