A pile foundation bearing capacity test model device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pile foundation bearing capacity test model device. The device includes the model box for containing the earth mass and model pile body, is equipped with counterforce frame above model box, and the support of counterforce frame is fixed on the bottom plate through the base with bolt, and the height can be adjusted through bolt of cross partition. The electro-hydraulic servo loading device is installed on the counterforce frame, and the T -type pile top loading plate of lower end is connected with the pile top through the earth mass loading plate center circular hole, and the load to the pile top can be accurately controlled. The earth mass loading plate includes the loading bottom plate and top plate with drainage hole, and the counterweight iron block can be added to simulate the overburden load of earth mass. The model box side wall is transparent, and the side wall is provided with the drainage channel, and the valve is arranged at the drainage channel mouth, and the switch and drainage capacity of drainage hole can be controlled. The device can accurately simulate various working conditions, and provides reliable support for the pile foundation bearing capacity research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering testing equipment, specifically relating to a test model device that can be used to simulate pile foundation bearing capacity testing under different working conditions indoors. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering, accurately obtaining the bearing capacity of pile foundations is a crucial step in ensuring the safety and stability of various building structures. Traditional on-site pile foundation bearing capacity testing is often constrained by factors such as site conditions, high costs, and long timeframes. Indoor model testing, with its advantage of simulating various geological conditions and load scenarios in a controlled environment, has become an important means of studying pile foundation bearing performance. However, existing indoor pile foundation bearing capacity testing models have certain limitations, such as insufficient accuracy in load application, in simulating soil drainage conditions, and in flexibly adjusting test parameters, making it difficult to accurately simulate complex and changing real-world engineering scenarios. Therefore, developing a more comprehensive and accurate pile foundation bearing capacity testing model is of significant practical importance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pile foundation bearing capacity test model device to solve the problems existing in the current indoor pile foundation bearing capacity test model devices. For example, they lack the accuracy of load application, making it difficult to accurately simulate the complex and variable load conditions in actual engineering; they are not flexible enough in simulating soil drainage conditions and overburden loads, failing to fully meet the needs of different test scenarios; and they do not clearly distinguish between the simulation of soil load and pile stress during the test, failing to consider factors such as the pile-soil stress ratio, which is not conducive to in-depth research on the interaction mechanism between the pile foundation and the soil.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a pile foundation bearing capacity test model device, including a model box, which is used to accommodate the soil and model pile required for the test, and provides a relatively stable environment for the test inside.

[0005] Also includes: A reaction frame, positioned above the model box, comprises a base plate, a support frame, and a transverse diaphragm. The support frame is fixed to the base plate via bolted bases, ensuring the overall stability of the device. The transverse diaphragm's height can be adjusted using nuts to accommodate model piles of different lengths. An electro-hydraulic servo loading device is mounted on the transverse diaphragm of the reaction frame. The lower end of the electro-hydraulic servo loading device is connected to a T-shaped pile top loading component via a loading connecting rod. The electro-hydraulic servo loading device can precisely control the magnitude, loading rate, and loading method of the applied load, accurately transferring the load to the top of the model pile through the T-shaped pile top loading component.

[0006] A soil loading plate, positioned above the soil within the model box, comprises a bottom plate and a top plate, which are fixedly connected by cylindrical connecting rods. Drainage holes are evenly distributed on the bottom plate to simulate different soil drainage conditions and groundwater levels. A counterweight can be added to the top plate to simulate the soil's self-weight stress and overburden load. A T-shaped pile top loading plate, passing through a circular hole in the center of the soil loading plate and the counterweight, connects to the pile top and applies load to the pile top under the action of an electro-hydraulic servo loading device.

[0007] Preferably, the electro-hydraulic servo loading device and the T-shaped pile top loading plate are connected by a loading connecting rod. The connecting head is made of high-strength material and has an internally coupled pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the load applied to the pile top. Both the connecting head and the electro-hydraulic servo loading device and the T-shaped pile top loading plate are detachable, facilitating the replacement of T-shaped pile top loading plates of different specifications to meet different testing requirements.

[0008] Furthermore, the side walls of the model box are made of transparent material to facilitate observation of the deformation inside the soil. Simultaneously, multiple drainage pipes are installed along the depth direction on the side walls of the model box, and valves are installed on these pipes to simulate soil drainage under different test conditions.

[0009] The upper surface of the base plate has bolt holes evenly distributed, with the diameter of the bolt holes matching that of the bolts, for fixing the base.

[0010] The top plate and bottom plate of the soil loading plate are welded together by connecting rods. Drainage holes are evenly distributed on the surface of the bottom plate of the soil loading plate for drainage of the soil surface during the test.

[0011] In addition, the reaction support is threaded, and the height of the reaction support diaphragm can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the nut to meet the experimental requirements of different model pile sizes.

[0012] Furthermore, a level indicator is installed on the reaction frame diaphragm, and the level of the diaphragm can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the nuts to ensure that the test device is in a horizontal state and improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0013] A circular counterweight block can be added to the top surface of the soil loading plate, and the inner diameter of the counterweight block is larger than the outer diameter of the cylinder of the T-shaped pile top loading component.

[0014] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. Precise load application: The electro-hydraulic servo loading device can precisely control the application of load, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of test data and providing a more accurate basis for studying the bearing capacity of pile foundations.

[0015] 2. Abundant simulated working conditions: By adjusting the height of the diaphragm to adapt to different pile lengths, using drainage holes to simulate soil drainage conditions, and adding counterweight iron blocks to simulate soil overburden loads, a variety of complex actual engineering working conditions can be simulated, improving the reference value of test results for actual engineering.

[0016] 3. High versatility: The adjustable height of the reaction frame diaphragm allows the device to be used with model piles of different specifications, expanding the applicability of the device and reducing the testing cost. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pile foundation bearing capacity test model device.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a top sectional view of the diaphragm.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the counterweight block.

[0020] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the soil loading plate.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a top-view cross-section of the bottom plate of the soil loading slab.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a front sectional view of the support base.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a top cross-sectional view of a hexagonal nut.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a front sectional view of the reinforcing bolts.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Base; 3. Bolt; 4. Support; 5. Diaphragm; 6. Nut; 7. Electro-hydraulic servo loading device; 8. Horizontal display; 9. Model pile; 10. Connecting rod; 11. Top plate of soil loading plate; 12. Bottom plate of soil loading plate; 13. Counterweight block; 14. T-shaped pile top loading component; 15. Loading connecting rod; 16. Model box; 17. Drainage pipe; 18. Valve; 19. Drainage hole; 20. Bolt hole. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Example 1

[0027] The pile foundation bearing capacity test model device of this embodiment includes a model box for accommodating the soil and model pile required for the test, and also includes: a reaction frame, which is set above the model box. The reaction frame includes a base plate, a support, and a transverse diaphragm. The support is fixed to the base plate by a base and bolts, and the height of the transverse diaphragm is adjusted on the support by moving nuts; an electro-hydraulic servo loading device, which is installed on the transverse diaphragm of the reaction frame. The lower end of the electro-hydraulic servo loading device is connected to a loading connecting rod. The electro-hydraulic servo loading device transfers the load to the top of the model pile through a T-shaped pile top loading member; a soil loading plate, which is set above the soil inside the model box. The soil loading plate includes a soil loading plate base plate and a soil loading plate top plate, which are fixedly connected by a connecting rod. Drainage holes are evenly distributed on the soil loading plate base plate, and counterweight blocks can be added to the soil loading plate top plate; the T-shaped pile top loading member passes through the circular hole in the center of the soil loading plate base plate and the soil loading plate top plate and connects to the top of the model pile.

[0028] The electro-hydraulic servo loading device is connected to the T-shaped pile top loading component via a loading connecting rod. The loading connecting rod is a detachable connection structure and has a pressure sensor coupled inside.

[0029] The side walls of the model box are made of transparent material, and a drainage pipe is provided on the side. A valve is installed on the drainage pipe to control the drainage.

[0030] The upper surface of the base plate has bolt holes evenly distributed, with the diameter of the bolt holes matching that of the bolts, for fixing the base.

[0031] The top plate and bottom plate of the soil loading plate are welded together by connecting rods. Drainage holes are evenly distributed on the surface of the bottom plate of the soil loading plate for drainage of the soil surface during the test.

[0032] The bracket is provided with a certain length of thread for adjusting and moving the nut.

[0033] A level indicator is installed on the reaction frame crossbar, and the level indicator adjusts the levelness of the crossbar by adjusting the position of the adjusting nut.

[0034] A circular counterweight can be added to the top surface of the soil loading plate for applying the soil load around the pile. The inner diameter of the circular counterweight is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cylinder of the T-shaped pile top loading member.

[0035] Device installation steps: Install the bolted base onto a flat base plate, ensuring the base is level and stable; The support for installing the reaction frame is securely fixed to the base plate using support base bolts. Based on the length of the model pile, use bolts to adjust the height of the reaction frame diaphragm to the appropriate position and adjust its level. Place the model box in a suitable position, and fix the model pile vertically in the middle of the model box to ensure the verticality and positional accuracy of the pile. Fill the model box with the soil required for the test and compact it appropriately to control the density of the soil; Install the soil loading plate, aligning its central circular hole with the model pile. Place the loading plate on the soil and add an appropriate amount of counterweight iron blocks to the soil loading plate according to the test requirements. Align the central circular hole of the counterweight blocks with the central circular hole of the soil loading plate. The T-shaped pile top loading plate passes through the central circular hole of the soil loading plate and the counterweight block, and is tightly connected to the top of the model pile. The electro-hydraulic servo loading device is installed on the cross diaphragm of the reaction frame and connected to the loading rod.

Claims

1. A pile foundation bearing capacity test model device, comprising a model box (16), the model box being used to hold the soil and model pile (9) required for the test; characterized in that, Also includes: The reaction frame is set above the model box (16). The reaction frame includes a base plate (1), a support (4) and a cross plate (5). The support (4) is fixed to the base plate (1) by a base (2) and bolts (3) that are fixedly connected to it. The cross plate (5) is adjusted in height on the support (4) by moving the nut (6). An electro-hydraulic servo loading device (7) is installed on the transverse diaphragm (5) of the reaction frame. The lower end of the electro-hydraulic servo loading device (7) is connected in sequence with a loading connecting rod (15) and a T-shaped pile top loading component (14). The electro-hydraulic servo loading device (7) transfers the load to the pile top of the model pile body (9) through the T-shaped pile top loading component (14). The soil loading plate is set above the soil in the model box (16). The soil loading plate includes a bottom plate (12) and a top plate (11), which are fixedly connected by a connecting rod (10). Drainage holes are evenly distributed on the bottom plate (12). A counterweight block (13) can be added to the top plate (11). The T-shaped pile top loading component (14) passes through the circular hole in the center of the bottom plate (12), the top plate (11), and the counterweight block and connects to the top of the model pile (9).

2. The pile foundation bearing capacity test model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electro-hydraulic servo loading device (7) and the T-shaped pile top loading component (14) are connected by a loading connecting rod (15). The loading connecting rod (15) is a detachable connection structure and has a pressure sensor coupled inside.

3. The pile foundation bearing capacity test model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the model box (16) is made of transparent material, and a drainage pipe (17) is provided on its side. A valve (18) is provided on the drainage pipe (17) to control drainage.

4. The pile foundation bearing capacity test model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the base plate (1) is evenly distributed with bolt holes (20), the diameter of which matches the bolt (3) for fixing the base (2).

5. The pile foundation bearing capacity test model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate (11) of the soil loading plate and the bottom plate (12) of the soil loading plate are welded together by a connecting rod (10). The bottom plate (12) of the soil loading plate has drainage holes (19) evenly distributed on its surface for drainage of the soil surface during the test.

6. The pile foundation bearing capacity test model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (4) is provided with a certain length of thread for adjusting and moving the nut (6).

7. The pile foundation bearing capacity test model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A level indicator (8) is provided on the transverse partition (5) of the reaction frame. The level indicator (8) adjusts the levelness of the transverse partition (5) by adjusting the position of the adjusting nut (6).

8. The pile foundation bearing capacity test model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular counterweight block (13) is added to the top surface of the top plate (11) of the soil loading plate. The inner diameter of the counterweight block (13) is larger than the outer diameter of the cylinder of the T-shaped pile top loading member (14).

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