Rigid steel-wood joint for spatial timber structures

Abstract

The application discloses a rigid joint steel-wood node for a space wood structure, which comprises a steel member, a wood member and fasteners; the steel member comprises a central cavity, and at least two butt joint units for butt joining the wood member are arranged on the outer sidewall of the central cavity; the butt joint unit comprises an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate and a stiffener plate connected between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the stiffener plate are all provided with connecting holes; the wood member is provided with a stiffener plate groove on the end face; the upper and lower sides of the wood member end portion are provided with through connecting holes, and the left and right sides of the wood member end portion are provided with connecting holes separated by the stiffener plate groove; the wood member end portion is inserted between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate in a matched mode, and the stiffener plate is inserted into the stiffener plate groove in a matched mode; the fasteners in the up-down direction are sequentially threaded through the connecting holes on the upper cover plate, the wood member and the lower cover plate and fastened, and the fasteners in the left-right direction are sequentially threaded through the connecting holes on one side of the wood member, the stiffener plate and the other side of the wood member and fastened. The node realizes rigid joint of the wood member and can transmit axial force, bending moment and shear force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wood structures, specifically relating to a rigid steel-wood joint for spatial wood structures. Background Technology

[0002] When timber structures are used in large-span spatial structures (such as stadiums, exhibition halls, and airport terminals), joint design is a crucial aspect, requiring consideration of mechanical performance, ease of construction, durability, and aesthetics. Currently, commonly used joints include glued joints, traditional and modern modified mortise and tenon joints, and steel-timber composite joints. Among these, glued joints have high requirements for the bonding strength of the wood's moisture content, temperature, and humidity. The adhesive layer deforms significantly under long-term loads, and is susceptible to delamination due to UV radiation and humid environments. Internal delamination is difficult to detect completely, and joint failure cannot be repaired locally like bolted connections; the entire joint must be replaced. Furthermore, high-performance structural adhesives are 3-5 times more expensive than ordinary bolted connections, resulting in a large investment. Traditional and modern modified mortise and tenon joints have significant mechanical performance limitations, exhibiting weak tensile strength and prone to tenon splitting, making them unsuitable for large-span structures. Therefore, modern large-span timber structure joints primarily utilize steel-timber composite joints.

[0003] Currently, steel-wood composite joints use steel plates, bolts, pins, or shear plates to connect timber components (such as glued laminated timber and CLT). Their advantages lie in the fact that steel components bear tensile / shear forces, timber exerts its compressive strength, bolt preload controls joint stiffness, and the degree of factory prefabrication is high. However, the common forms of steel-wood composite joints are embedded steel plate joints (steel plates are pre-embedded in timber grooves and bolts are tightened), exposed steel clamp joints (double clamps hold timber components and bolts are inserted through), and pin connections (steel pins penetrate multiple pieces of timber to transfer bending moments). All of these are hinged joints and do not achieve rigid connections. For large-span spatial structures, hinged joints cannot bear bending moment transfer, which is equivalent to not utilizing the tensile capacity of the material, resulting in larger component cross-sections, poor economic indicators, and reduced overall stability. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a rigid steel-wood joint for spatial timber structures, which realizes the rigid connection of timber components, improves the overall stability, can transmit axial force, bending moment and shear force, has good economic indicators, and is easy to realize prefabricated processing.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: A rigid steel-wood joint for spatial timber structures includes steel components, timber components, and fasteners. The steel component includes a central cavity, and at least two docking units for docking timber components are provided on the outer sidewall of the central cavity. Each docking unit includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, and a stiffening plate connecting the two. Connection holes are distributed on the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate, and the stiffening plate. The end face of the timber component is provided with a stiffening plate groove. Through connection holes are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the end of the timber component, and connection holes separated by the stiffening plate groove are distributed on the left and right sides. The end of the timber component is inserted between the upper and lower cover plates, and the stiffening plate is inserted into the stiffening plate groove. Fasteners in the vertical direction pass through the connection holes on the upper cover plate, the timber component, and the lower cover plate in sequence and are tightened. Fasteners in the horizontal direction pass through the connection holes on one side of the timber component, the stiffening plate, and the other side of the timber component in sequence and are tightened.

[0006] As one improvement, the upper cover plate of each docking unit and the lower cover plate of each docking unit are separate and independent.

[0007] Furthermore, all docking units are horizontally arranged, or at least one docking unit is inclined relative to the horizontal plane; all docking units are at the same height, or at least one docking unit is at a different height; all docking units are at the same height, or at least one docking unit is at a different height.

[0008] Furthermore, the central cavity includes a cylinder and an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate that close both ends of the cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, an inner stiffening plate is provided inside the cylinder. The inner stiffening plate is welded to the cylinder around its perimeter and to the lower end of the cylinder. The upper end of the inner stiffening plate is welded to the upper end of the cylinder or they are independent of each other.

[0010] As another improvement, the upper cover plate of each docking unit is part of the upper panel, the lower cover plate of each docking unit is part of the lower panel, and the stiffening plate of each docking unit is distributed between the upper panel and the lower panel.

[0011] Furthermore, the central cavity includes a cylinder, with an upper panel and a lower panel welded to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, respectively, covering and sealing the upper and lower ends of the cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the cylinder is provided with an inner stiffening plate, which is welded to the cylinder around its perimeter and to the lower panel at its lower end. The upper end of the inner stiffening plate is either welded to the upper panel or they are independent of each other.

[0013] Preferably, the gap between the wooden and steel components is filled with epoxy resin.

[0014] Preferably, the fastener is a bolt or a pin.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: The wooden components are not only restrained by stiffening plates, top and bottom cover plates, but also omnidirectionally fastened to the steel components in both vertical and horizontal directions by fasteners. This achieves a rigid connection of the wooden components, improving overall stability and enabling the transmission of axial force, bending moment, and shear force. It also allows for smaller cross-sections of the wooden components, resulting in better economic performance. Furthermore, the simple end designs and fastener types of the wooden components facilitate assembly processing and offer strong versatility. The central cavity serves as both the final force transmission point of the node and the installation location for the docking units, possessing good load-bearing capacity and sufficient installation space. The docking units are used to connect the wooden components, and their number and distribution can be selected according to the quantity and orientation of the wooden components, enabling rigid connections of wooden components in any direction and providing good scalability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view of the rigid steel-wood joint used in the spatial timber structure in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point AA.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at point BB.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a top view of the rigid steel-wood joint used in the spatial timber structure in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view at point AA.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at point BB.

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Wooden component; 2-Upper cover plate; 3-Fastener; 4-Inner stiffening plate; 5-Cylinder; 6-Upper sealing plate; 7-Stiffening plate groove; 8-Stiffening plate; 9-Connecting hole; 10-Lower cover plate; 11-Lower sealing plate; 12-Upper panel; 13-Lower panel. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0028] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" do not imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0029] The features and performance of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0030] Example 1 This embodiment provides a rigid steel-timber joint for spatial timber structures, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes steel components, wooden components 1, and fasteners 3; wherein: The steel component includes a central cavity and docking units. The docking units are used to dock with the wooden component 1. At least two docking units are located on the outer sidewall of the central cavity. Each docking unit includes an upper cover plate 2, a lower cover plate 10, and a stiffening plate 8 connecting the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 10. Connection holes 9 are distributed on the upper cover plate 2, the lower cover plate 10, and the stiffening plate 8. Figures 1 to 3 ; The end face of the wooden component 1 is provided with a stiffening plate groove 7. Through-holes 9 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the end of the wooden component 1, and connecting holes 9 separated by the stiffening plate groove 7 are distributed on the left and right sides. (See...) Figures 1 to 3 ; The end of the wooden component 1 is inserted between the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 10, and the stiffening plate 8 is inserted into the stiffening plate groove 7. Fasteners 3 in the vertical direction pass through the connecting holes 9 on the upper cover plate 2, the wooden component 1, and the lower cover plate 10 in sequence and are tightened. Fasteners 3 in the horizontal direction pass through the connecting holes 9 on one side of the wooden component 1, the stiffening plate 8, and the other side of the wooden component 1 in sequence and are tightened. See [link to documentation]. Figures 1 to 3 .

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 10 of each docking unit are separate and independent. With this configuration, each docking unit can independently set its installation angle, height position, and height. For example, all docking units can be set horizontally, or at least one docking unit can be set at an angle relative to the horizontal plane (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (As shown); all docking units can be at the same height, or at least one docking unit can be at a different height; all docking units can be at the same height, or at least one docking unit can be at a different height.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the central cavity includes a cylinder 5 and an upper sealing plate 6 and a lower sealing plate 11 that close both ends of the cylinder 5. Furthermore, an inner stiffening plate 4 can be added inside the cylinder 5. The inner stiffening plate 4 is welded to the cylinder 5 around its perimeter and to the lower sealing plate 11 at its lower end. Depending on the stress requirements, the inner stiffening plate 4 can be welded only to the lower sealing plate 11 (the lower sealing plate 11 is often a pressure-bearing component; connecting it to the inner stiffening plate 4 can reduce its thickness and save steel), or it can be welded to both the upper sealing plate 6 and the lower sealing plate 11. When welding to both the upper sealing plate 6 and the lower sealing plate 11 simultaneously, the last installed upper sealing plate 6 or lower sealing plate 11 needs to be divided into several pieces and welded to the inner stiffening plate 4 around its perimeter. Of course, if the required cylinder 5 is small, the inner stiffening plate 4 may not be added.

[0033] In this embodiment, the construction process for rigid steel-timber joints used in spatial timber structures is as follows: S1. First, prefabricate the wooden component 1 and the steel component in the factory: Stiffening plate grooves 7 and connecting holes 9 are made on the wooden component 1. The various parts of the steel component are assembled and welded and connected holes 9 are made. When assembling the steel component, the inner stiffening plate 4 is first welded inside the cylinder 5, and then the upper sealing plate 6 and lower sealing plate 11, upper cover plate 2 and lower cover plate 10, and stiffening plate 8 are welded in sequence. During processing, it is necessary to ensure that the number and orientation of the docking units are consistent with the design, ensure that the wooden component 1 can be smoothly docked on the corresponding docking unit, and ensure that the fasteners 3 can be smoothly installed.

[0034] S2. Then proceed with on-site installation: First, install the steel components, then connect the wooden components 1 to the corresponding docking units and secure them using fasteners 3.

[0035] S3. Finally, epoxy resin is used to fill the gap between the wooden component 1 and the steel component to improve the durability of the joint and reduce later maintenance.

[0036] In this embodiment, the wooden component 1 is not only limited by the stiffening plate 8, the upper cover plate 2, and the lower cover plate 10, but also omnidirectionally fastened to the steel component by fasteners 3 in both vertical and horizontal directions. This achieves a rigid connection of the wooden component 1, improves overall stability, and enables the transmission of axial force, bending moment, and shear force. It also allows for a smaller cross-section of the wooden component 1, resulting in better economic performance. Furthermore, the simple end and fastener designs of the wooden component 1 facilitate assembly processing and offer strong versatility. The central cavity serves as both the final force transmission point of the node and the installation location for the docking unit, providing excellent load-bearing capacity and sufficient installation space. The docking unit is used to connect the wooden components 1, and the number and distribution of the docking units can be selected based on the quantity and orientation of the wooden components 1, enabling rigid connections of wooden components 1 in any direction and providing good scalability.

[0037] Example 2 This embodiment provides another rigid steel-timber joint for spatial timber structures, and its area differs from that of Embodiment 1 in the following aspects: like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the upper cover plate of each docking unit is part of the upper panel 12, and the lower cover plate of each docking unit is part of the lower panel 13. The stiffening plates 8 of each docking unit are distributed between the upper panel 12 and the lower panel 13. In this configuration, all docking units are horizontally arranged, and only the horizontal angle can be adjusted. They cannot be tilted relative to the horizontal plane. Although the expandability is not as good as in Embodiment 1, the installation is more convenient and the positional accuracy of each docking unit can be guaranteed.

[0038] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the central cavity includes a cylinder 5, with an upper panel 12 and a lower panel 13 welded to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 5, respectively. The upper panel 12 and the lower panel 13 cover and seal the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 5, respectively.

[0039] like Figures 4 to 6As shown, an inner stiffening plate 4 is provided inside the cylinder 5. The inner stiffening plate 4 is welded to the cylinder 5 on all four sides and to the lower panel 13 at its lower end. Depending on the stress requirements, the inner stiffening plate 4 can be welded only to the lower panel 13 (the lower panel 13 is often a compression member, and connecting it to the inner stiffening plate 4 can reduce its thickness and save steel), or it can be welded to both the upper panel 12 and the lower panel 13. When welding to both the upper panel 12 and the lower panel 13 simultaneously, the last installed upper panel 12 or lower panel 13 needs to be divided into several pieces and welded to the inner stiffening plate 4 on all four sides respectively. Of course, if the required cylinder 5 is small, the inner stiffening plate 4 may not be provided.

[0040] In Examples 1 and 2, the fasteners 3 are preferably conventional parts such as bolts and pins, and the various parts of the steel components are welded together for fixation.

[0041] In Embodiments 1 and 2, the stiffening plate 8 is mainly used to transmit shear force, and the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 10 are mainly used to transmit bending moment. If the requirement for the node is only to transmit shear force, the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 10 can be omitted.

[0042] The embodiments described above are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. The detailed description of the embodiments of this application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A rigid steel-timber joint for spatial timber structures, comprising steel components, timber components, and fasteners; characterized in that: The steel component includes a central cavity. At least two docking units for connecting wooden components are provided on the outer sidewall of the central cavity. The docking unit includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, as well as a stiffening plate connecting the two. Connection holes are distributed on the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate, and the stiffening plate. The end face of the wooden component is provided with a stiffening plate groove. Through connection holes are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the end of the wooden component, and connection holes separated by the stiffening plate groove are distributed on the left and right sides. The end of the wooden component is inserted between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and the stiffening plate is inserted into the stiffening plate groove. Fasteners in the vertical direction pass through the connection holes on the upper cover plate, the wooden component, and the lower cover plate in sequence and are tightened. Fasteners in the horizontal direction pass through the connection holes on one side of the wooden component, the stiffening plate, and the other side of the wooden component in sequence and are tightened.

2. The rigid steel-timber joint for space timber structures as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover plate and the lower cover plate of each docking unit are separate and independent.

3. The rigid steel-timber joint for space timber structures as described in claim 2, characterized in that: All docking units are horizontally arranged, or at least one docking unit is inclined relative to the horizontal plane; all docking units are at the same height, or at least one docking unit is at a different height; all docking units are at the same height, or at least one docking unit is at a different height.

4. The rigid steel-timber joint for space timber structures as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The central cavity includes a cylinder and an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate that close both ends of the cylinder.

5. The rigid steel-timber joint for space timber structures as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder is equipped with an inner stiffening plate. The inner stiffening plate is welded to the cylinder on all four sides and to the lower end of the lower sealing plate. The upper end of the inner stiffening plate is welded to the upper sealing plate or they are independent of each other.

6. The rigid steel-timber joint for space timber structures as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover plate of each docking unit is part of the upper panel, the lower cover plate of each docking unit is part of the lower panel, and the stiffening plate of each docking unit is distributed between the upper panel and the lower panel.

7. The rigid steel-timber joint for space timber structures as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The central cavity includes a cylinder, with an upper panel and a lower panel welded to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, respectively, covering and sealing the upper and lower ends of the cylinder.

8. The rigid steel-timber joint for space timber structures as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The cylinder is equipped with an inner stiffening plate. The inner stiffening plate is welded to the cylinder on all four sides and to the lower panel at its lower end. The upper part of the inner stiffening plate is welded to the upper panel or they are independent of each other.

9. The rigid steel-timber joint for space timber structures as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The gaps between the wooden and steel components were filled with epoxy resin.

10. The rigid steel-timber joint for space timber structures as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Fasteners are bolts or pins.

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