A reamer bit for drilling

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of reamers drill bits special for drilling, including sleeve column and the coaxial connection in the axial lower end of sleeve column's round table drill bit, sleeve column is equipped with the multilayer reamer disc group above the round table drill bit, wherein, the multiple reamer tooth disc of the multilayer reamer disc group is built into the inclined ring tooth surface capable of gradually expanding aperture in the way of layering;Multilayer reamer disc group is also equipped with the reamer shaping assembly above and can be compacted to the well wall after reaming on the sleeve column, and the limiting sleeve that can be cooperated with the round table drill bit to limit the sleeveing station of multilayer reamer disc group and reamer shaping assembly on the sleeve column is also assembled above the reamer shaping assembly.The utility model can be while expanding to the well hole cavity, surface shaping and compacting to the hole wall after expansion to improve the stability of hole wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of borehole reaming equipment for drilling, and in particular to a borehole reamer bit specifically for drilling. Background Technology

[0002] Geological drilling, a key technical means in geological exploration, involves drilling downwards from the surface to create cylindrical boreholes underground, thereby identifying and dividing strata to achieve geological exploration goals. Reaming bits, used during drilling to enlarge the diameter of small-diameter wells, allow for adjustments to the wellbore structure. Reaming increases the clearance between the casing and tubing strings, improving the mechanical rate of penetration and effectively reducing drilling costs. During drilling operations, encountering salt-gypsum formations can lead to creep and shrinkage, causing stuck pipe and casing damage, potentially resulting in serious drilling accidents. Reamers effectively address complex drilling accidents caused by salt-gypsum creep, providing effective protection for the casing and enhancing drilling safety. In the cementing stage, downhole reaming technology, without altering the casing size, increases the annular clearance of the casing, contributing to improved cementing quality. In reservoir stimulation work in some old wells, the use of reamers can effectively expand the reservoir and improve the recovery rate of mineral deposits, while avoiding damage to the well structure.

[0003] However, existing reamers can only directly cut the rock or soil layers of the well wall to further enlarge the well size. They cannot compact and shape the enlarged well wall, which may result in poor stability due to local softness. This can easily lead to soil and rock collapse and defects such as shrinkage, increasing drilling resistance and affecting drilling speed and efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drilling reamer bit that can improve the stability of the borehole wall by simultaneously shaping and compacting the expanded borehole wall while expanding the borehole cavity. This solves the problem that existing reamer bits lack a structure for shaping and compacting the expanded borehole wall, which leads to the easy collapse of soil and rocks in the soft well wall, resulting in shrinkage and affecting drilling efficiency and the quality of borehole expansion.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a drilling reamer bit for drilling, comprising a set column and a frustum drill bit coaxially connected to the lower axial end of the set column. A multi-layer reaming disc assembly is set on the set column above the frustum drill bit. The multiple reaming toothed discs of the multi-layer reaming disc assembly are stacked to form an inclined ring tooth surface that can progressively enlarge the borehole diameter. A reaming and shaping component is also set on the set column above the multi-layer reaming disc assembly and can compact the borehole wall after reaming. A limiting sleeve is also assembled above the reaming and shaping component to cooperate with the frustum drill bit and limit the setting position of the multi-layer reaming disc assembly and the reaming and shaping component on the set column.

[0006] According to a preferred embodiment, the hole enlarging and shaping assembly includes a sleeve, an expansion ring plate, a mounting vertical plate, adjustable positioning posts, and an arc-shaped pressure plate. The sleeve is fitted onto the mounting posts, and two spaced-apart and parallel expansion ring plates are fitted onto the outer wall of the sleeve. The radial outer edges of the two expansion ring plates are simultaneously connected to the mounting vertical plate, and several mounting vertical plates are circumferentially spaced around the expansion ring plates. Two adjustable positioning posts are telescopically inserted at intervals onto the mounting vertical plate, and the radial outer ends of the adjustable positioning posts away from the sleeve are connected to the arc-shaped pressure plate.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment, the positioning stud of the adjustable positioning post is inserted into the mounting plate, and the positioning stud is positioned relative to the mounting plate by two mounting nuts threaded onto its threaded post body and located on both sides of the mounting plate.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment, the end of the positioning insert stud away from the sleeve is connected to a support column cylinder coaxial with it. A connecting column is movably inserted into an axial slot at the end of the support column cylinder away from the positioning insert stud, and a support spring is placed in the cavity of the support column cylinder to limit the initial insertion length of the connecting column. The end of the connecting column away from the support column cylinder is connected to the arc-shaped pressure plate, and the arc-shaped pressure plate is also connected to a connecting sleeve coaxially fitted on the connecting column.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the arc-shaped pressure plate includes a main pressure plate, guide arc plates disposed on the top and bottom sides of the main pressure plate, and anti-scratch auxiliary plates disposed on both sides of the main pressure plate.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the radial outer surface of the expanding tooth disc is provided with a plurality of inclined arc-shaped teeth that can cut and expand with the hole wall being drilled, arranged circumferentially at intervals by welding or integral molding.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, a through square hole is provided at the center of the toothed disc.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the set of columns includes a lower anti-slip square column, a middle limiting threaded column, and an upper clamping column that are coaxially connected.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, a locking screw is threaded into the side of the limiting sleeve in a manner that penetrates its sleeve wall.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: The truncated cone drill bit and multi-layer reaming disk assembly provided in this application can work together to achieve multi-stage drilling expansion, so that the increase in borehole diameter occurs gradually. This avoids the problems of high drilling resistance and easy soil and rock collapse that exist in direct large-scale expansion, which result in slow drilling speed. The gradient expansion method can effectively improve the drilling speed and ensure the stability and efficiency of expansion drilling.

[0015] The borehole enlargement and shaping component provided in this application can adaptably level and compact the enlarged well wall, thereby achieving a certain degree of compaction of the soil layer in the well wall, effectively improving the stability of the well wall, reducing the risk of soil and rock collapse causing borehole shrinkage, and improving the quality and overall efficiency of borehole enlargement. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred drilling reamer bit proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a plan view of the reaming toothed disc of a preferred drilling reamer bit proposed in this utility model. Figure 3 This is a partial vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of a preferred borehole shaping component for a drilling reamer bit proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the axial horizontal cross-section of an adjustable positioning column of a preferred drilling reamer bit proposed in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the present utility model will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the drawings is only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] The technical solutions provided by this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through embodiments. It should be noted that the descriptions of these embodiments are for the purpose of helping to understand this utility model, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In some examples, because some implementation methods belong to existing or conventional technology, they are not described or are not described in detail. The serial numbers assigned to components in this document, such as "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning.

[0019] The following is a detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0020] This application provides a drilling reamer bit for drilling, which includes a set column 1, a frustum drill bit 2, a multi-layer reaming disc assembly 3, a reaming and shaping component 4, and a limiting sleeve 5.

[0021] according to Figure 1-4 In one specific embodiment, a frustum drill bit 2 is coaxially connected to the lower axial end of the mounting column 1 via welding or other methods, thereby using the frustum drill bit 2 to initially enlarge a small-sized wellbore. A multi-layer reaming disc assembly 3 is mounted on the mounting column 1, positioned above the frustum drill bit 2. Multiple reaming toothed discs 31 of the multi-layer reaming disc assembly 3 are stacked to form an inclined annular tooth surface capable of progressively enlarging the borehole diameter. This allows the multi-layer reaming disc assembly 3 to further enlarge the wellbore initially enlarged by the frustum drill bit 2 through multi-stage expansion, thereby reducing the risk of borehole collapse or borehole wall failure through multi-level, graded expansion. A borehole shaping component 4 is also mounted on the mounting column 1, positioned above the multi-layer reaming disc assembly 3, and capable of compacting the enlarged borehole wall. Above the borehole shaping component 4 is a limiting sleeve 5 that cooperates with the frustum drill bit 2 to define the mounting positions of the multi-layer reaming disc assembly 3 and the borehole shaping component 4 on the mounting column 1. The truncated cone drill bit 2 and the multi-layer reaming disc assembly 3 configured in this application can cooperate to achieve multi-stage, phased drilling expansion. This ensures that the increase in borehole diameter occurs gradually, avoiding the high drilling resistance and the risk of soil and rock collapse that can occur with direct, large-scale expansion, which results in slow drilling speeds. The gradient expansion method effectively improves drilling speed and ensures the stability and efficiency of the expansion drilling. The reaming and shaping assembly 4 configured in this application can adaptably level and compact the expanded well wall, achieving a certain degree of compaction of the soil layer, thereby effectively improving the stability of the well wall, reducing the risk of soil and rock collapse leading to borehole shrinkage, and improving the quality and overall efficiency of borehole expansion. The limiting sleeve 5 configured in this application can cooperate with the truncated cone drill bit 2 to clamp and limit its movement, ensuring the stability of the multi-layer reaming disc assembly 3 and the reaming and shaping assembly 4 during rotation, thus ensuring effective borehole expansion and compaction.

[0022] Preferably, the mounting column 1 includes an integrally formed and coaxially connected lower anti-slip square column 11, a middle limiting threaded column 12, and an upper clamping column 13. More preferably, the lower anti-slip square column 11 has a rectangular cross-section to effectively restrict the rotation of the multi-layer reaming disc assembly 3 and the reaming and shaping assembly 4 mounted on this column section, thereby effectively cutting the well wall and flattening and compacting the well wall. Preferably, the upper clamping column 13 is processed into an existing drilling rig connection structure. Its specific structural formation and connection method with the drilling rig can be found in the patent document with publication number CN211230247U, which discloses the connection between the clamping part and the drilling rig. That is, the mounting column 1 is connected to the drilling rig by means of the upper clamping column 13, and the drilling rig drives the reamer drill bit to rotate, and the frustum drill bit 2 contacts the rock or ore to drill.

[0023] Preferably, the frustum drill bit 2 includes a frustum-shaped drill bit body, and the smaller diameter of the lower end of the drill bit body is smaller than the initial borehole diameter, so that the lower end of the drill bit body can be effectively inserted into the borehole. This allows the drill bit body to be gradually expanded by an array of cutting heads arranged on the inclined annular surface of the drill bit body, so that the entire drill bit body gradually drills into the expanded borehole cavity. Preferably, the frustum-shaped drill bit body of the frustum drill bit 2 is in an inverted state, and its axial upper end face is welded to or assembled with the lower end of the anti-slip square column 11 of the sleeve column 1 using a plug-in locking structure, so that the two are coaxially connected.

[0024] Preferably, the radially outer surface of the reaming gear disc 31 is provided with a plurality of inclined arc-shaped teeth 32, which can cut and expand with the hole wall being drilled, through welding or integral molding. Specifically, an inclined arc groove for chip removal is formed between two adjacent inclined arc-shaped teeth 32. More preferably, a through square hole 311 is provided in the center of the disc body of the reaming gear disc 31 so that it can be fitted into the lower anti-slip square post 11. Preferably, the through square holes 311 of different reaming gear discs 31 are opened in a manner with axial phase deviation, so that when reaming gear discs 31 of different sizes are stacked and fitted, their inclined arc-shaped teeth 32 are misaligned in the circumferential angle, that is, when multiple gear discs are assembled coaxially, due to the circumferential positioning deviation, the tooth grooves of adjacent discs are not aligned, forming an axial phase difference. The multiple reaming gears 31 provided in this application can perform reaming through a step-by-step expansion method, so that the drilling cavity is expanded in small steps, reducing the problems such as soil and rock collapse that may be caused by a single large-scale expansion of drilling, and improving the safety and stability of drilling expansion.

[0025] Preferably, the hole-expanding and shaping assembly 4 includes a sleeve 41, an expansion ring plate 42, a mounting vertical plate 43, adjustable positioning posts 44, and an arc-shaped pressure plate 45. Preferably, the sleeve 41 is fitted onto the sleeve post 1 in a gapless manner, with most of the sleeve 41 located at the lower anti-slip square post 11 and a small portion at the middle limiting threaded post 12, thus ensuring the effective connection of the limiting sleeve 5 at the middle limiting threaded post 12, allowing for effective limiting assembly of the multi-layer hole-expanding disc assembly 3 and the hole-expanding and shaping assembly 4 using the limiting sleeve 5. Preferably, two spaced and parallel expansion ring plates 42 are fitted onto the outer wall of the sleeve 41 by welding or other methods. Preferably, the radial outer edges of the two expansion ring plates 42 are simultaneously connected to the mounting vertical plate 43 by welding or other methods. More preferably, several mounting vertical plates 43 are arranged circumferentially around the expansion ring plates 42 at intervals. Preferably, two adjustable positioning posts 44 are telescopically inserted into the mounting vertical plate 43 at intervals. More preferably, the radially outer end of the adjustable positioning post 44, away from the sleeve 41, is connected to an arc-shaped pressure plate 45. Preferably, the sleeve 41 is a hollow tube structure with an outer circle and an inner square, and the cross-section of its inner cavity matches the cross-section of the lower section of the sleeve post 1 (non-cylindrical). Preferably, the expansion ring plate 42 can be a circular plate or a multi-equilateral circular plate, and the radially inner side surface of the mounting vertical plate 43 has a contour that matches the outer edge of the expansion ring plate 42, thereby ensuring that the two can effectively contact and connect. Preferably, the mounting vertical plate 43 has through-holes on the plate above and below the expansion ring plate 42 for the adjustable positioning post 44 to pass through. The adjustable positioning column 44 provided in this application can adjust the diameter of the compacted annular plate group structure composed of several arc-shaped pressure plates 45 by translating its axial direction relative to the mounting vertical plate 43. This allows for effective well wall leveling and compaction for drilling with different borehole diameters, thereby improving the stability of the well wall. Furthermore, the adjustable positioning column 44 provides elastic support for the mounting vertical plate 43, enabling the arc-shaped pressure plates 45 to effectively adapt to inclined or concave non-straight well walls, ensuring sufficient and appropriate compaction of the well wall.

[0026] Preferably, the adjustable positioning post 44 includes a positioning insert stud 441, an assembly nut 442, a support post cylinder 443, a connecting post 444, a support spring 445, and a connecting sleeve 446. Preferably, the positioning insert stud 441 of the adjustable positioning post 44 is inserted into the mounting vertical plate 43. Preferably, the positioning insert stud 441 is threaded onto its threaded body by two assembly nuts 442 located on both sides of the mounting vertical plate 43, thereby defining the relative assembly position between the positioning insert stud 441 and the mounting vertical plate 43. Preferably, the end of the positioning insert stud 441 away from the housing cylinder 41 is connected to the support post cylinder 443, which is coaxial with it, by welding or integral molding. Preferably, the connecting post 444 is movably inserted into an axial slot at the end of the support post cylinder 443 away from the positioning insert stud 441. More preferably, a support spring 445 is disposed within the cavity of the support post cylinder 443 to limit the initial insertion length of the connecting post 444. Preferably, the end of the connecting column 444 furthest from the supporting column cylinder 443 is connected to the arc-shaped pressure plate 45. Preferably, the arc-shaped pressure plate 45 is also connected to a connecting sleeve 446 coaxially fitted onto the connecting column 444. Specifically, the connecting sleeve 446 is coaxially arranged with the connecting column 444 such that there is an annular gap between them, and the cross-section of the annular gap matches the cross-section of the supporting column cylinder 443, so that when the connecting column 444 is inserted into the supporting column cylinder 443, the connecting sleeve 446 also slides onto the supporting column cylinder 443. Preferably, an insertion groove for accommodating the supporting spring 445 and part of the connecting column 444 is provided inside the supporting column cylinder 443. Preferably, a limiting groove is also provided on the outer surface of the supporting column cylinder 443. Preferably, the end of the connecting sleeve 446 away from the arc-shaped pressure plate 45 is connected to a limiting block that is slidably engaged in the limiting groove by means of welding or countersunk bolt connection. Thus, the connecting sleeve 446 limits the translational distance that can occur along its own axis direction through the mutual cooperation of the limiting block and the limiting groove, thereby preventing the connecting column 444 from slipping out of the insertion groove and ensuring the connection effectiveness and stability of the adjustable positioning column 44 structural component assembly.

[0027] Preferably, the curved pressure plate 45 includes a main pressure plate 451, guide arc plates 452 integrally formed on the top and bottom sides of the main pressure plate 451, and anti-scratch sub-plates 453 on both sides of the main pressure plate 451. Preferably, the main pressure plate 451, guide arc plates 452, and anti-scratch sub-plates 453 are irregularly shaped plates manufactured by integral forming methods such as casting. More preferably, the top and bottom ends of the concave anti-scratch sub-plates 453 are connected to the guide arc plates 452 by an irregularly shaped smooth extension.

[0028] Preferably, a locking screw 51 is threaded into the side of the limiting sleeve 5 in a manner that penetrates its cylinder wall. Preferably, the cross-section of the cylinder cavity of the limiting sleeve 5 is adapted to the cross-section of the middle section limiting threaded post 12, and an internal thread that matches the external thread of the middle section limiting threaded post 12 is formed on the inner wall surface of its cylinder cavity.

[0029] Preferably, all electrical components such as drilling rigs involved in this application are electrically connected to the controller and power supply. The control method of this application is controlled by the controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art. The power supply is also common knowledge in the art. Furthermore, this utility model is only used to protect the mechanical device and its mechanical structural features. Therefore, this utility model will not explain the control method and circuit connection in detail.

[0030] For surface connections between components not explicitly specified in this application, conventional bolt connections, snap-fit ​​connections, or fixed connections such as welding can be used. As these are conventional connection methods, this application will not elaborate further on this part. Specifically, the connecting ends of the assembled components all form flange structures, and the two flange structures are connected by bolts, gaskets, or other structures.

[0031] This utility model is not limited to the above-described optional embodiments. Anyone can derive other various forms of products under the guidance of this utility model. However, regardless of any changes in shape or structure, any technical solution falling within the scope of the claims of this utility model is within the protection scope of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model specification and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The protection scope of this utility model is defined by the claims and their equivalents. Throughout the text, features introduced by "preferred" are merely optional and should not be construed as mandatory. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete relevant preferred features at any time.

Claims

1. A drilling reamer bit for drilling, comprising a mounting post (1) and a frustum-shaped drill bit (2) coaxially connected to the lower axial end of the mounting post (1), characterized in that, A multi-layer reaming disc assembly (3) is mounted on the mounting column (1) above the frustum drill bit (2), wherein the multiple reaming tooth discs (31) of the multi-layer reaming disc assembly (3) are stacked to form an inclined ring tooth surface that can progressively enlarge the hole diameter. An reaming and shaping component (4) is also fitted on the mounting column (1) above the multi-layer reaming disc assembly (3) and capable of compacting the drill wall after reaming. Above the reaming and shaping component (4) is a limiting sleeve (5) that can cooperate with the truncated cone drill bit (2) to limit the mounting position of the multi-layer reaming disc assembly (3) and the reaming and shaping component (4) on the mounting column (1).

2. The drilling reamer bit for drilling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hole enlargement and shaping assembly (4) includes a sleeve (41), an expansion ring plate (42), a mounting vertical plate (43), an adjustable positioning post (44), and an arc-shaped pressure plate (45), wherein, The sleeve (41) is fitted onto the sleeve post (1), and two spaced and parallel extended ring plates (42) are fitted onto the outer wall of the sleeve (41). The radial outer edges of the two extended ring plates (42) are simultaneously connected to the mounting vertical plate (43), and the mounting vertical plates (43) are arranged circumferentially around the extended ring plates (42); Two adjustable positioning posts (44) are telescopically spaced on the mounting vertical plate (43), and the radial outer end of the adjustable positioning post (44) away from the sleeve (41) is connected to an arc-shaped pressure plate (45).

3. The drilling reamer bit for drilling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning stud (441) of the adjustable positioning column (44) is inserted into the mounting plate (43), and the positioning stud (441) is defined by two mounting nuts (442) on both sides of the mounting plate (43) through the threaded sleeve on its threaded column body.

4. The drilling reamer bit for drilling as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The end of the positioning insert stud (441) away from the sleeve (41) is connected to a support cylinder (443) coaxial with it. A connecting post (444) is movably inserted into an axial slot at one end of the support column (443) away from the positioning insert stud (441), and a support spring (445) is placed in the cavity of the support column (443) to limit the initial insertion length of the connecting post (444). The end of the connecting column (444) away from the supporting column (443) is connected to the arc-shaped pressure plate (45), and the arc-shaped pressure plate (45) is also connected to a connecting sleeve (446) coaxially fitted on the connecting column (444).

5. The drilling reamer bit for drilling as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The arc-shaped pressure plate (45) includes a pressure plate (451), guide arc plates (452) disposed on the top and bottom sides of the pressure plate (451), and anti-scratch sub-plates (453) disposed on both sides of the pressure plate (451).

6. The drilling reamer bit for drilling as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The radial outer surface of the reaming toothed disc (31) is provided with a number of inclined arc-shaped teeth (32) that can cut and expand with the hole wall being drilled, by means of welding or integral molding.

7. The drilling reamer bit for drilling as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A through square hole (311) is provided at the center of the disc body of the enlarged toothed disc (31).

8. The drilling reamer bit for drilling as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The set of columns (1) includes a lower anti-slip square column (11), a middle limiting threaded column (12), and an upper clamping column (13) connected coaxially.

9. The drilling reamer bit for drilling as described in claim 8, characterized in that, A locking screw (51) is threaded into the side of the limiting sleeve (5) in a manner that penetrates its sleeve wall.

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