Power rotor and radial flow wave rotor axial leakage seal structure having the same

Abstract

This utility model discloses a power rotor and an axial leakage sealing structure for a radial-flow wave rotor. The power rotor includes a base plate, blades, and a brush sealing structure. There are two sets of base plates arranged at intervals, and both sets of base plates are annular plates. Multiple sets of blades extend radially along the central hole of the annular plate, and adjacent blades cooperate with the two sets of base plates to form a radial rotor channel. The brush sealing structure is fixed on the outer peripheral sidewalls of the two sets of base plates. The axial leakage sealing structure for the radial-flow wave rotor includes the aforementioned power rotor, stator, and grate ring. The stator has an inner cavity for mounting the power rotor. There is an axial leakage gap between the base plate and the top or bottom wall of the inner cavity on the adjacent side. The brush sealing structure is dynamically sealed to the inner cavity sidewall. The grate ring is adapted to be connected to the top or bottom wall of the inner cavity. The grate ring is dynamically sealed to the brush sealing structure on the corresponding side. This utility model has a simple structure and adopts a multi-stage sealing structure for synergistic effect, which effectively improves the leakage prevention capability of the wave rotor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of power machinery sealing technology, specifically relating to a power rotor and a radial flow wave rotor axial leakage sealing structure having the same. Background Technology

[0002] As a novel energy conversion component, the wave rotor achieves air-to-air work and energy exchange through internally periodically changing wave-shaped channels, significantly improving the pressure ratio and thermal efficiency of power units. It is widely used in applications such as aero-engine combustion chambers and gas turbine regenerative systems. Among these, the radial-flow wave rotor, with its radial air intake and radial work operation structure, offers advantages over axial-flow wave rotors, including compact radial dimensions, efficient centrifugal force utilization, and compatibility with small-sized power units. In recent years, it has gradually become a core component of miniaturized power units such as micro gas turbines and UAV power systems.

[0003] However, one of the key bottlenecks currently faced by radial wave rotors in practical applications is the "rotor-stator gap leakage" problem: because the rotor rotates at high speed when the radial wave rotor is working, and a certain gap needs to be reserved between the rotor and the stator to avoid friction and collision, the high temperature and high pressure airflow is prone to leak from this gap, resulting in energy loss.

[0004] Existing technologies using axial flow sealing discs or labyrinth seals are designed based on an "axial airflow / rotation" scenario, which is incompatible with the radial air intake and radial work characteristics of radial flow wave rotors. Direct application of these seals can lead to structural interference or complete seal failure. Furthermore, existing sealing structures have poor reliability. Under high temperature and high speed radial rotation conditions, the seals (such as graphite discs) are prone to wear and fatigue fracture failure, making it difficult to meet the long service life requirements of power units. The sealing efficiency of existing sealing structures is low, with leakage rates generally exceeding 3%, which cannot meet the core requirements of radial flow wave rotors for "low leakage and high efficiency," thus restricting the performance improvement of power units.

[0005] Chinese patent CN201610811337.X discloses a wave rotor turbocharger and an engine having the wave rotor turbocharger. It mentions the use of a grate structure to seal the gap of the axial flow wave rotor, but it cannot adapt to the solution of leakage channels of the radial flow wave rotor.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide a power rotor and a radial wave rotor axial leakage sealing structure having the same is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a power rotor and an axial leakage sealing structure for a radial flow wave rotor having the same, which adopts a combined sealing method to achieve axial leakage sealing of the radial flow wave rotor, and is reliable in operation.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a power rotor, comprising:

[0009] The seat plate is provided in two sets, which are arranged at intervals between each other, and both sets of the seat plate are annular plates.

[0010] The blades are arranged in multiple sets and vertically between the two base plates. The multiple sets of blades are arranged to extend radially along the central hole of the ring plate. Adjacent blades and the two sets of base plates cooperate to form a radial rotor channel.

[0011] The brush bristle sealing structure is fixed on the outer peripheral sidewalls of the two sets of seat plates respectively.

[0012] The technical effects of this invention are as follows: the power rotor is suitable for the conversion of radial flow wave rotors, and the brush filament sealing structure set on the circumference of the rotor is conducive to the leakage sealing of the subsequent radial flow wave rotor structure. It can also match the rotation conditions of the power rotor, providing a solid foundation for improving the sealing quality of the wave rotor in the future.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the blade extends to the central hole of the base plate, and the other end of the blade extends to the outer peripheral sidewall of the base plate, and the flow cross section of the radial rotor channel is arranged to gradually increase radially away from the central hole.

[0014] The resulting technical effect is that multiple sets of blades are arranged radially, and the radial rotor channels formed by them are used for passing air to do work, which can improve energy exchange efficiency compared with axial flow wave rotors.

[0015] Preferably, the bristle sealing structure is composed of a bundle of alloy bristles.

[0016] The resulting technical effect is that the brush bristle sealing structure is composed of brush bristle units made up of bundles of alloy brush bristles, which are arranged circumferentially and welded to the outer wall of the seat plate, making it wear-resistant and having a long service life.

[0017] This utility model also includes an axial leakage sealing structure for a radial-flow wave rotor, which includes the aforementioned power rotor, stator, and grate ring. The stator has an inner cavity for mounting the power rotor. There is an axial leakage gap between the seat plate and the top or bottom wall of the inner cavity on the adjacent side. The brush filament sealing structure is dynamically sealed to the side wall of the inner cavity. The top and bottom walls of the inner cavity are provided with grooves. The grate ring is adapted to be connected in the grooves. The grate ring is dynamically sealed to the brush filament sealing structure on the corresponding side.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By utilizing the synergistic cooperation of the brush filament sealing structure and the multi-stage sealing structure of the grate ring, the gap sealing performance of the radial wave rotor is improved. At the same time, the brush filament sealing structure and the grate ring meet the combined working conditions of high-speed rotation and radial high-pressure airflow of the radial wave rotor. Through the combination of sealing methods, radial structure adaptation, and multi-component collaborative stable design, the axial leakage problem of the radial wave rotor is solved, achieving a breakthrough in sealing efficiency and lifespan. In addition, the brush filament sealing structure and the grate ring are both designed with a radial layout, which is compatible with the rotation trajectory and compact structure of the radial wave rotor. They can be directly installed without major modifications to the main unit, without interference risk, and have extremely high operational reliability.

[0019] Preferably, the groove is formed on the peripheral edges of the top and bottom walls of the corresponding inner cavity of the stator, and the toothed ring is interference-fitted within the groove.

[0020] The resulting technical effect is that, in order to achieve the fit between the toothed ring and the brush filament sealing structure on the power rotor, the toothed ring is installed in a suitable position within the stator component's inner cavity.

[0021] Preferably, the toothed ring is made of brass.

[0022] The resulting technical advantages are: the comb tooth ring of this invention is made of brass, which has good plasticity, can be cold and hot processed, and facilitates subsequent assembly.

[0023] Preferably, the stator has multiple flow ports on its periphery that communicate with the inner cavity, the flow ports being used for exhaust, and a support pipe is provided in the middle of the inner cavity corresponding to the stator, the side wall of the support pipe having multiple notches for air intake.

[0024] The resulting technical effect is that the outlet on the stator is used for exhaust, and the notch on the support tube is used for intake, thereby satisfying the flow conditions for the wave rotor to do work.

[0025] Preferably, the bottom or top side of the toothed ring is provided with multiple tooth grooves, which are arranged to extend radially along the toothed ring.

[0026] The resulting technical effect is that the toothed ring has multiple grooves, that is, the radial layout of multiple sealing grooves is used to improve the sealing performance of the component. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a power rotor according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the blade layout of a power rotor according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the air intake of a power rotor according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the axial leakage sealing structure of a radial flow wave rotor according to this utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the stator component of a radial-flow wave rotor axial leakage sealing structure according to this utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stator component of a radial wave rotor axial leakage sealing structure according to this utility model.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the toothed ring of the radial flow wave rotor axial leakage sealing structure of this utility model.

[0034] 1. Seat plate, 2. Blades, 3. Radial rotor channel, 4. Brush filament sealing structure, 5. Stator component, 51. Inner cavity, 52. Flow port, 53. Support tube, 54. Notch, 6. Grate ring, 61. Tooth groove, 7. Groove, 8. Axial leakage clearance. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] See appendix to this utility model Figures 1 to 7 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a power rotor includes:

[0037] Seat 1, there are two sets of seat 1 arranged at intervals, both sets of seat 1 are ring plates;

[0038] Blade 2, there are multiple sets of blade 2 and they are vertically arranged between the two base plates. The multiple sets of blade 2 are arranged to extend radially along the central hole of the ring plate. Two adjacent blades and two sets of base plates 1 cooperate to form a radial rotor channel 3.

[0039] The brush filament sealing structure 4 is fixed on the outer peripheral sidewalls of the two sets of seat plates 1 respectively.

[0040] In other embodiments, one end of the blade 2 extends to the center hole of the seat plate 1, and the other end of the blade 2 extends to the outer peripheral sidewall of the seat plate 1. The flow cross section of the radial rotor channel 3 is arranged to gradually increase radially away from the center hole.

[0041] In other specific embodiments, the brush filament sealing structure 4 is composed of several units of alloy brush filament bundles, which are distributed circumferentially along the outer sidewall of the seat plate. Specifically, they are made of cobalt-based high-temperature alloy wires and are welded to the outer sidewall of the seat plate.

[0042] This utility model also discloses an axial leakage sealing structure for a radial-flow wave rotor, which includes the aforementioned power rotor, stator 5 and grate ring 6. The stator 5 is provided with an inner cavity 51 for mounting the power rotor. There is an axial leakage gap 8 between the seat plate 1 and the top or bottom wall of the inner cavity on the near side. This gap is a reserved gap between the rotor and the stator to avoid friction and collision. High-temperature and high-pressure airflow is prone to leak from this gap, resulting in energy loss. Therefore, it needs to be sealed to prevent the working gas from flowing out from the leakage gap.

[0043] The brush bristle sealing structure 4 dynamically seals the inner cavity 51 sidewall, specifically through flexible contact stator to achieve sealing. The top and bottom walls of the inner cavity 51 are provided with grooves 7, and the toothed ring 6 is adapted to be connected in the grooves 7. The toothed ring 6 is dynamically sealed to the brush bristle sealing structure 4 on the corresponding side, specifically through flexible sealing connection.

[0044] In some other specific embodiments, the groove 7 is formed on the peripheral edges of the top and bottom walls of the corresponding inner cavity of the stator 5, and the toothed ring 6 is interference-fitted in the groove 7.

[0045] Specifically, the toothed ring 6 is made of brass. A cold assembly process is used, in which liquid nitrogen is used to freeze it, causing it to shrink and be placed in the groove. After returning to room temperature, the toothed structure expands, thus enabling the installation of the toothed ring.

[0046] In some other embodiments, the stator 5 has two flow ports 52 that communicate with the inner cavity 51 on opposite sides of its periphery. The flow ports 52 are used for exhaust. The stator 5 has a support pipe 53 in the middle of the corresponding inner cavity. The side wall of the support pipe 53 has two openings 54 for air intake, which satisfies the working process of the wave rotor.

[0047] In some other specific embodiments, the bottom or top side of the toothed ring 6 is provided with four toothed grooves 61, which are arranged to extend radially along the toothed ring to provide multiple seals and further improve the sealing and leakage prevention performance of the component connection.

[0048] The sealing process is achieved by the combined sealing structure provided by this utility model for suppressing axial leakage of the radial wave rotor. The brush bundle unit on the outer periphery of the power rotor obstructs the flow of axially leaking air during the high-speed rotation of the radial wave rotor, thereby achieving the actual sealing effect.

[0049] During actual operation, high-pressure gas in the radial rotor channel will enter the axial leakage gap 8 along the brush filament sealing structure. By fixing the brush filament bundle unit to the outer end of the radial rotor channel, a flexible seal is provided for the rotor-stator gap during operation, preventing airflow from leaking axially through the gap between the rotor channel and the stator. At the same time, the flexible fit between the grate ring and the brush filament bundle unit can support the deformation of the brush filament bundle unit, adapting to high-pressure and high-velocity operating conditions, while further preventing airflow from leaking outward through the axial leakage gap 8.

[0050] This utility model's combined sealing structure has adaptability to various working conditions:

[0051] All core components adopt a radial layout design, which is compatible with the rotation trajectory and compact structure of the radial wave rotor. It can be installed directly without major modifications to the main unit and without the risk of interference.

[0052] It has extremely high operational reliability:

[0053] High weather resistance: All components are made of high temperature and high pressure resistant materials and processes, ensuring the long service life and stability of the sealing structure in harsh environments, and can be matched with the overhaul cycle of the power unit.

[0054] Significant performance improvements and efficiency breakthroughs:

[0055] Multi-stage synergistic sealing: By comprehensively utilizing brush seals and grate seals, all possible leakage paths (rotor-stator-casing) are systematically blocked, significantly reducing the leakage rate.

[0056] Suppressing pressure fluctuations: The dynamic sealing system can effectively suppress flow leakage and pressure fluctuations during the opening and closing of the rotor channel, ensuring the stability of the energy exchange process, thereby releasing the potential of the entire power unit and improving thermal efficiency.

[0057] The apparatus and methods disclosed in the embodiments are described simply because they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments. For relevant details, please refer to the method section.

[0058] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A power rotor, characterized in that, include: Seat plate (1), there are two sets of seat plates (1) arranged at intervals between each other, and both sets of seat plates (1) are ring plates; Blade (2), there are multiple sets of blades (2) and they are vertically arranged between two base plates. The multiple sets of blades (2) are arranged to extend radially along the central hole of the ring plate. Two adjacent blades and two sets of base plates (1) cooperate to form a radial rotor channel (3). The brush bristle sealing structure (4) is fixed on the outer peripheral sidewalls of the two sets of seat plates (1).

2. A power rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the blade (2) extends to the center hole of the seat plate (1), and the other end of the blade (2) extends to the outer peripheral sidewall of the seat plate (1). The flow cross section of the radial rotor channel (3) is arranged to gradually increase radially away from the center hole.

3. A power rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bristle sealing structure (4) is composed of a bundle of several alloy bristles.

4. A radial flow wave rotor axial leakage sealing structure, characterized in that, The device includes a power rotor, a stator (5), and a toothed ring (6) as described in any one of claims 1-3. The stator (5) is provided with an inner cavity (51) for mounting the power rotor. There is an axial leakage gap (8) between the seat plate (1) and the top or bottom wall of the inner cavity on the near side. The brush filament sealing structure (4) is dynamically sealed to the side wall of the inner cavity (51). The top and bottom walls of the inner cavity (51) are provided with grooves (7). The toothed ring (6) is adapted to be connected in the grooves (7). The toothed ring (6) is dynamically sealed to the brush filament sealing structure (4) on the corresponding side.

5. The radial flow wave rotor axial leakage sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The groove (7) is formed on the periphery of the top and bottom walls of the corresponding inner cavity of the stator (5), and the toothed ring (6) is interference-fitted in the groove (7).

6. The radial flow wave rotor axial leakage sealing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The toothed ring (6) is made of brass.

7. The radial flow wave rotor axial leakage sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stator (5) has multiple flow ports (52) on its periphery that connect to the inner cavity (51). The flow ports (52) are used for exhaust. The stator (5) has a support pipe (53) in the middle of the inner cavity. The support pipe (53) has multiple openings (54) on its sidewall for air intake.

8. The radial flow wave rotor axial leakage sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom or top side of the toothed ring (6) is provided with multiple tooth grooves (61), which are arranged to extend radially along the toothed ring.

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