A sliding bearing

Abstract

The utility model belongs to transmission spare technical field especially relates to a sliding bearing, include: bearing base is provided with bearing mounting hole in bearing base, bearing main part, bearing main part includes a plurality of bearing sliding blocks, a plurality of bearing sliding blocks evenly distribute on the inner wall of bearing mounting hole along the circumference of bearing mounting hole, bearing sliding block still includes: outer ring block, outer ring block is integrally formed with bearing base, adaptive layer, adaptive layer is set in the inner side surface of outer ring block, the radial thickness of adaptive layer gradually increases from center to two side edges, inner ring block, inner ring block sets up in the inner side surface of adaptive layer, sliding layer, sliding layer sets up in the inner side surface of inner ring block, wherein, the elasticity of adaptive layer is better than inner ring block and outer ring block, relative to prior art, the utility model can avoid local contact stress concentration, reduce the local wear rate of sliding layer, prolong the service life of bearing significantly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of transmission component technology, and in particular relates to a sliding bearing. Background Technology

[0002] A sliding bearing is a type of bearing that operates under sliding friction. It operates smoothly, reliably, and without noise. Under liquid lubrication conditions, the sliding surfaces are separated by lubricating oil and do not come into direct contact, which can greatly reduce friction loss and surface wear. For example, a sliding bearing and sliding bearing assembly disclosed in patent application number CN202323612164.3 includes a bearing base with a mounting groove at the center of its top surface; a buffer pad is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the mounting groove. The structure of the buffer pad reduces the pressure experienced by the bearing assembly during use. In the use of this existing sliding bearing, the coaxiality error between the shaft and the base housing is prone to cause local wear, which reduces the service life of the sliding bearing, thus necessitates improvement. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned technical problems by providing a sliding bearing that effectively improves the service life of the sliding bearing.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a sliding bearing, comprising: A bearing base, wherein a bearing mounting hole is provided in the bearing base; The bearing body includes a plurality of bearing sliders, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bearing mounting hole on the inner wall of the bearing mounting hole. The bearing slider also includes: Outer ring block, which is integrally formed with the bearing base; An adaptation layer is provided on the inner surface of the outer ring block, and the radial thickness of the adaptation layer gradually increases from the center to the two side edges; Inner ring block, the inner ring block being disposed on the inner surface of the adaptation layer; A sliding layer is disposed on the inner surface of the inner ring block; The elasticity of the adaptation layer is better than that of the inner and outer ring blocks.

[0005] In this technical solution, the thickness gradient design and elastic properties of the adaptive layer enable the bearing slider to adaptively adjust to the coaxiality deviation of the shaft system, avoid local contact stress concentration, reduce the local wear rate of the sliding layer, and significantly extend the service life of the bearing.

[0006] Furthermore, the above technical solution also includes: A vertical hole is provided on the inner surface of the inner ring block and is radially opened into the inner ring block; An elliptical cavity, wherein the elliptical cavity is disposed in the inner ring block and communicates with the vertical hole; The vertical hole and the ellipsoidal cavity each have a number of corresponding numbers.

[0007] In the above technical solution, furthermore, adjacent ellipsoidal cavities in a plurality of ellipsoidal cavities are interconnected.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the inner surface of the sliding layer is further provided with a microcavity texture.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the adapting layer is further made of bronze, copper alloy or plastic.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the sliding layer is further made of PTFE or a copper-based alloy.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. High installation tolerance: The thickness gradient design and elastic properties of the adaptive layer allow the bearing slider to adaptively adjust to the coaxiality deviation of the shaft system (compensating for angular deviations of ±1°-3° and radial deviations of 0.1-0.3mm), avoiding local contact stress concentration, reducing the local wear rate of the sliding layer by more than 50%, and significantly extending the service life of the bearing.

[0012] 2. Reliable bonding of the sliding layer: The interlocking structure formed by the vertical hole of the inner ring block and the elliptical cavity increases the bonding strength between the sliding layer and the inner ring block to more than 5MPa. Compared with the traditional bonding process (bonding strength <2MPa), it can effectively avoid the problem of peeling and falling off of the sliding layer under alternating loads, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the bearing.

[0013] 3. Excellent wear resistance: The material selection and micro-cavity texture design of the sliding layer enable low-friction operation under different lubrication conditions (friction coefficient of 0.02-0.05 under liquid lubrication and 0.04-0.08 under dry friction). At the same time, the micro-cavity texture can store lubricant and wear debris, further reducing wear and effectively improving the cumulative service life of the bearing. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing slider structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the elliptical spherical cavity structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the microcavity texture structure of this utility model.

[0020] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Bearing base; 2. Bearing mounting hole; 3. Bearing slider; 30. Outer ring block; 31. Adaptive layer; 32. Inner ring block; 33. Sliding layer; 4. Vertical hole; 5. Elliptical spherical cavity; 6. Microcavity texture. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0023] Overall structure The sliding bearing includes a bearing base 1 and a bearing body, wherein: Bearing base 1: This serves as the mounting base for the sliding bearing. It is made of 45# steel or Q235 steel, forged and machined, and has an overall cylindrical structure. A bearing mounting hole 2 is axially oriented through the central axis of the bearing base 1. The inner wall of the bearing mounting hole 2 is a smooth cylindrical surface, and its diameter matches the outer diameter of the bearing body, ensuring stable assembly of the bearing body within the bearing mounting hole 2. The outer wall of the bearing base 1 can also be machined with flanges, locating pin holes, or threaded holes according to actual installation requirements to achieve precise positioning and fixed connection with the equipment housing.

[0024] Bearing body: This is the core load-bearing component of the sliding bearing, comprising several bearing sliders 3. These sliders 3 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the inner wall of the bearing mounting hole 2. A gap of 0.5-1.5mm is reserved between adjacent sliders 3 to compensate for minor deformations under temperature changes or loads, preventing structural failure caused by mutual compression between the sliders. The number of bearing sliders 3 can be flexibly set according to the diameter of the bearing mounting hole 2 and the load-bearing requirements. For example, when the diameter of the bearing mounting hole 2 is 100-300mm, the number of bearing sliders 3 is set to 6-12; when the diameter of the bearing mounting hole 2 is greater than 300mm, the number of bearing sliders 3 is set to 12-24 to ensure uniform load distribution.

[0025] Layered structure of bearing slider 3 Each bearing slider 3, along the radial direction of the bearing mounting hole 2 from the outside to the inside, includes an outer ring block 30, an adaptation layer 31, an inner ring block 32, and a sliding layer 33. The specific design of each layer structure is as follows: Outer ring block 30: This is the outer support structure of the bearing slider 3. It is integrally cast or welded with the bearing base 1 to ensure no relative displacement between the outer ring block 30 and the bearing base 1, thus improving the overall structural rigidity. The outer ring block 30 is made of high-strength alloy structural steel (such as 40CrNiMoA). After tempering (quenching + high-temperature tempering), its hardness reaches HRC28-32, and its tensile strength is ≥980MPa, exhibiting excellent resistance to deformation and impact toughness. The outer surface of the outer ring block 30 is an arc-shaped surface that completely fits the inner wall of the bearing mounting hole 2. The radius of curvature of the arc surface is consistent with the inner diameter of the bearing mounting hole 2. The inner surface of the outer ring block 30 is machined into a flat surface, so that the radial thickness of the outer ring block 30 gradually decreases from the center to the two edges, forming a symmetrical structure that is "thick in the middle and thin on both sides," reserving space for the assembly and deformation of the layer 31.

[0026] Adaptive layer 31: Located on the inner surface of the outer ring block 30, this core functional layer provides the bearing slider 3 with elastic adaptive capability. The outer surface of the adaptive layer 31 is machined into a planar shape to fit the inner surface of the outer ring block 30, and is fixedly connected to the outer ring block 30 by vulcanization bonding or mechanical interlocking. The inner surface of the adaptive layer 31 is machined into an arc shape, with the radius of curvature of the arc surface being consistent with the radius of curvature of the outer surface of the inner ring block 32, ensuring a tight fit between the adaptive layer 31 and the inner ring block 32. The radial thickness of the adaptive layer 31 gradually increases from the center position to the two side edges. For example, the minimum thickness at the center position is 1-2 mm, and the maximum thickness at the two side edges is 3-5 mm. This thickness gradient design allows the adaptive layer 31 to generate non-uniform elastic deformation when the shaft system shifts, causing the inner ring block 32 and the sliding layer 33 to adaptively adjust with the shaft system, avoiding local contact stress concentration.

[0027] The elastic properties of the adaptation layer 31 are significantly better than those of the inner ring block 32 and the outer ring block 30. Its material can be selected from bronze, copper alloy, or plastic depending on the operating conditions: when the bearing is used in high-temperature conditions (operating temperature 80-200℃), tin bronze (such as ZCuSn10Pb1) or phosphor bronze (such as QSn6.5-0.1) is selected, as these materials maintain good elasticity and wear resistance at high temperatures; when the bearing is used in medium-low temperature conditions (operating temperature -20-80℃) and weight is a requirement, engineering plastics (such as PA66+30% glass fiber reinforced plastic or PEEK) are selected, as these materials have a low density (1.3-1.5 g / cm³). 3 1. The elastic modulus is moderate (2-4 GPa), which can effectively reduce the overall weight of the bearing. 2. Inner ring block 32: Located on the inner surface of the adaptation layer 31, it is a transition structure that provides rigid support for the sliding layer 33. The inner ring block 32 is made of bearing steel (such as SUJ2), and after overall quenching and low-temperature tempering, its hardness reaches HRC58-62, and its surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm, exhibiting excellent dimensional stability and fatigue resistance. Both the outer and inner surfaces of the inner ring block 32 are machined into arc shapes. The outer arc surface fits into the inner arc surface of the adaptation layer 31, while the inner arc surface provides a reference surface for the assembly of the sliding layer 33. The radial thickness of the inner ring block 32 is uniform, typically set to 2-4 mm, ensuring that while providing stable support for the sliding layer 33, it does not affect the elastic deformation effect of the adaptation layer 31.

[0028] Vertical hole 4 and ellipsoidal cavity 5 The inner ring block 32 is also provided with a vertical hole 4 and an elliptical cavity 5 to enhance the bonding strength between the sliding layer 33 and the inner ring block 32. Vertical hole 4: It is formed radially on the inner surface of the inner ring block 32 and extends into the interior of the inner ring block 32 (the depth is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the radial thickness of the inner ring block 32). The cross-section of the vertical hole 4 is circular with a diameter of 0.8-1.5 mm. Several vertical holes 4 are distributed circumferentially along the bearing mounting hole 2, and the center distance between adjacent vertical holes 4 is 3-5 mm.

[0029] Elliptical spherical cavities 5: Located inside the inner ring block 32, each elliptical cavity 5 corresponds to and is connected to one vertical hole 4. The major axis of each elliptical cavity 5 aligns with the circumferential direction of the bearing mounting hole 2, with a major axis length of 1.5-2.5 mm and a minor axis length of 1.0-1.8 mm. Its volume is 2-3 times the volume of the corresponding vertical hole 4. Adjacent elliptical cavities 5 are interconnected, forming a "hole-cavity-hole" interlocking structure. When the sliding layer 33 material fills the vertical hole 4 and the elliptical cavity 5, it forms a mechanical interlocking structure similar to an "anchor hook," significantly improving the bonding strength between the sliding layer 33 and the inner ring block 32.

[0030] Sliding layer 33: Located on the inner surface of the inner ring block 32, it is a friction functional layer for direct contact between the sliding bearing and the shaft system. The material of the sliding layer 33 is selected according to the lubrication conditions and load requirements: When the bearing uses liquid lubrication (such as lubricating oil or grease), a copper-based alloy (such as ZCuPb20Sn5) is selected, which has good friction reduction and embedding properties and can accommodate small impurities in the lubricating oil; when the bearing uses oilless lubrication or boundary lubrication, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or PTFE composite material (such as PTFE + 15% glass fiber + 5% graphite) is selected. These materials have a low coefficient of friction (dry friction coefficient 0.04-0.08) and strong corrosion resistance, making them suitable for scenarios with high cleanliness requirements.

[0031] The sliding layer 33 has a uniform thickness, typically set at 0.2-0.5 mm, and is bonded to the inner ring block 32 via hot pressing or injection molding. During the molding process, the material of the sliding layer 33 fills the vertical holes 4 and elliptical cavities 5 of the inner ring block 32. After cooling and solidification, it forms a mechanical interlocking structure with a bonding strength exceeding 5 MPa, far higher than that of traditional bonding processes. Furthermore, the inner surface of the sliding layer 33 is also processed with microcavity textures 6. These textures are distributed in a grid or dot pattern, with individual microcavities having a depth of 5-10 μm and a diameter of 50-100 μm. The total area of ​​the microcavities accounts for 15-25% of the inner surface area of ​​the sliding layer 33. These microcavity textures 6 serve to store lubricant and reduce the friction area. Under liquid lubrication conditions, a stable oil film can form within the microcavities, further reducing the coefficient of friction. Under oil-free lubrication conditions, the microcavities can accommodate tiny wear debris generated by friction, preventing the debris from exacerbating wear.

[0032] Connection methods of each layer The outer ring block 30, the adapting layer 31, and the inner ring block 32 are fixedly connected by vulcanization bonding or mechanical interlocking, with the specific selection as follows: Vulcanization bonding: When the adapting layer 31 is made of rubber-modified plastic or copper alloy, a vulcanization bonding process is adopted. First, a vulcanizing adhesive (such as a phenolic resin-based adhesive) is sprayed onto the inner surface of the outer ring block 30 and the outer surface of the inner ring block 32. Then, the adapting layer 31 is sandwiched between the outer ring block 30 and the inner ring block 32. The mixture is kept at a temperature of 120-150℃ and a pressure of 5-10MPa for 30-60 minutes to allow the adhesive to fully cure and form a high-strength vulcanized bonding layer with a bonding strength ≥3MPa.

[0033] Mechanical interlocking: When the adapting layer 31 is made of engineering plastic (such as PA66, PEEK), a mechanical interlocking process is adopted. Several barbed protrusions (0.3-0.5mm in height, 2-3mm in spacing) are machined on the inner surface of the outer ring block 30. During the molding process of the adapting layer 31, the material of the adapting layer 31 is wrapped around the barbed protrusions through injection molding. At the same time, several grooves (0.3-0.5mm in depth, 0.5-1.0mm in width) are machined on the outer surface of the inner ring block 32. The material of the adapting layer 31 will be embedded in the grooves during molding, forming a mechanical interlocking structure to prevent relative sliding between the layers.

[0034] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A sliding bearing, comprising: A bearing base (1) is provided with a bearing mounting hole (2); The bearing body includes a plurality of bearing sliders (3), which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bearing mounting hole (2) on the inner wall of the bearing mounting hole (2); The bearing slider (3) is characterized in that it further includes: Outer ring block (30), the outer ring block (30) is integrally formed with the bearing base (1); An adaptation layer (31) is disposed on the inner surface of the outer ring block (30), and the radial thickness of the adaptation layer (31) gradually increases from the center to the two side edges; Inner ring block (32), the inner ring block (32) is disposed on the inner surface of the adaptation layer (31); A sliding layer (33) is disposed on the inner surface of the inner ring block (32); The elasticity of the adaptation layer (31) is better than that of the inner ring block (32) and the outer ring block (30).

2. A sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A vertical hole (4) is provided on the inner surface of the inner ring block (32) and is radially opened into the inner ring block (32); An elliptical spherical cavity (5) is disposed in the inner ring block (32) and communicates with the vertical hole (4); The vertical hole (4) and the ellipsoidal cavity (5) are both of several in number and the number of the two corresponds.

3. A sliding bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that: Adjacent ellipsoidal cavities (5) in several ellipsoidal cavities (5) are connected to each other.

4. A sliding bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner surface of the sliding layer (33) is provided with a microcavity texture (6).

5. A sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptation layer (31) is made of bronze, copper alloy or plastic.

6. A sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding layer (33) is made of PTFE or copper-based alloy.

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