Spiral cleaning dryer for high-moisture grains
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522646147.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-15
AI Technical Summary
[0005]为了解决现有技术中清理和烘干效率低、能耗高等问题，本发明创造提出一种高水分谷物用螺旋清理复合烘干机，具体结构包括：包括壳体、主轴、动力机构和热风装置；主轴在壳体内；主轴的转动轴线平行于水平面，且主轴在动力机构的带动下转动；壳体的首尾两端分别是出料口和进料口；壳体上开有热风进口和冷风出口，它们分别与热风装置的热风出口和冷风进口连接；
[0020]During the heating and drying process, a large amount of surface moisture is removed from the grains, greatly improving their fluidity and thus significantly increasing the cleaning and screening efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224731014U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of grain and oil processing machinery technology, specifically to a device for cleaning and drying grains simultaneously. Background Technology
[0002] After grain harvesting, it typically requires cleaning and drying to remove impurities and reduce moisture content. Traditional cleaning and drying equipment is separate, resulting in low processing efficiency, high energy consumption, and a large footprint.
[0003] In existing technologies, high-moisture grains, due to their high water content and poor flowability, result in low processing efficiency and poor cleaning effect of traditional cleaning equipment. High-moisture grains increase the difficulty of storage and unloading in subsequent storage equipment, especially increasing the dehydration pressure on subsequent drying equipment, which can only be addressed by increasing the specifications and energy consumption of the drying equipment.
[0004] Forcibly dehydrating high-moisture grains in one go often only increases the drying temperature, leading to a decline in grain quality and uneven moisture content after drying. Furthermore, high-moisture grains pose a risk of bridging when entering the drying tower or storage area. Bridging and clumping in the storage area can cause extensive mold growth, while bridging in the drying tower can easily lead to fire hazards. The cleaning and drying of high-moisture grains has become a challenge in the industry; therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly efficient and energy-saving integrated grain cleaning and pre-drying equipment. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the problems of low cleaning and drying efficiency and high energy consumption in existing technologies, this invention proposes a spiral cleaning composite dryer for high-moisture grains. The specific structure includes: a shell, a main shaft, a power mechanism, and a hot air device; the main shaft is located inside the shell; the rotation axis of the main shaft is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the main shaft rotates under the drive of the power mechanism; the two ends of the shell are a discharge port and a feed port, respectively; the shell has a hot air inlet and a cold air outlet, which are respectively connected to the hot air outlet and cold air inlet of the hot air device.
[0006] It also includes a spiral ribbon and a screen; the spiral ribbon is installed on the main shaft and is located in the air duct between the hot air inlet and the cold air outlet; the screen forms a cylindrical cavity; there is a gap between the cavity and the inner wall of the shell; the first and last ends of the cavity are open and are connected to the discharge port and the inlet of the shell, respectively; the spiral ribbon is inside the cavity, and the outer diameter of the cylinder on which the spiral ribbon rotates is the same as the inner diameter of the cavity; a waste outlet is opened at the bottom of the shell.
[0007] This spiral cleaning composite dryer not only dries materials but also removes impurities from them using a screen.
[0008] Furthermore, the hot air inlet is directly connected to the first end face of the cavity; air baffles are connected to the first and last end faces of the cavity respectively;
[0009] The baffle plate has circular through holes that correspond to the shape of the cavity, and the outer wall of the cavity and the through holes are only fitted with a clearance; the inner wall of the shell is connected to a finned plate facing the axis of the cavity, and the main body of the baffle plate is connected to the finned plate; the cold air outlet is on the top surface of the shell.
[0010] By sealing the air duct with baffles, the drying effect can be further improved.
[0011] Furthermore, the main shaft is hollow; the main shaft includes a heating tube and a sleeve; the main body of the heating tube is connected to the sleeve through bearing devices at both ends; the tail end of the heating tube extends out of the tail end face of the sleeve, and the two are sealed by a shaft sealing mechanism; the head end of the sleeve is connected to the power mechanism through a shaft coupling; the heating tube has a circulating heating pipe inside, and both ends of the circulating heating pipe are at the tail end of the heating tube, and are connected to the steam circulating heating device through a steam inlet / outlet rotary valve.
[0012] Hot air is conveyed through the main shaft to further improve the drying effect.
[0013] Furthermore, an air separator is connected to the feed inlet of the shell; the top of the air separator has an inlet, and the bottom outlet of the air separator is connected to the feed inlet; upper and lower baffles are connected inside the air separator; the upper baffle is below the inlet and faces diagonally downward; the lower baffle is below the opposite of the upper baffle and faces diagonally downward; the material channel formed by the inlet and the upper and lower baffles is as follows: the material falls vertically from the inlet to the upper baffle, then slides diagonally downward along the upper baffle and falls onto the lower baffle, then slides diagonally downward along the lower baffle and falls towards the feed inlet; a dust suction port is opened below the lower baffle and is connected to a negative pressure fan.
[0014] The air separator initially removes light dust and other impurities from the material, improving the impurity removal effect.
[0015] Furthermore, the screen is fixed to the screw ribbon. This structure ensures a secure connection between the screw ribbon and the screen, improving the impurity removal effect.
[0016] Furthermore, the discharge port is connected to a discharge chute, which extends to the bottom of the housing.
[0017] Furthermore, there are multiple cold air outlets on the shell, which are arranged along the axis of the main shaft; the outer wall of the cavity between adjacent cold air outlets is connected to a baffle plate; the baffle plate is a fin facing away from the axis of the cavity; the inner wall of the middle cavity is connected to a folding plate facing the axis of the cavity; the axial projection of the outer edge of the fin is on the folding plate, and the adjacent surfaces of the folding plate and the fin are in contact.
[0018] Furthermore, there are multiple outlets at the bottom of the casing, which are arranged along the axis of the main shaft.
[0019] The technical effect is as follows:
[0020] During the heating and drying process, a large amount of surface moisture is removed from the grains, greatly improving their fluidity and thus significantly increasing the cleaning and screening efficiency.
[0021] The indirect heat-conducting hollow shaft, combined with hot air drying, further enhances the drying effect, while the recycled steam improves the utilization rate of thermal energy.
[0022] For grains with a high moisture content of 35%, after being processed by this dryer, the moisture content can be reduced from 35% to about 25%. This is extremely beneficial for the temporary storage of damp grains in subsequent storage equipment, such as corn and wheat, which will be less likely to stick to the walls and clump together. The design specifications of the subsequent large-scale drying equipment will also be greatly reduced, and its energy consumption will be significantly reduced. The temperature required for secondary drying can also be further reduced, which also improves the final quality after drying. For example, the color and crack rate of corn are significantly improved, and the rice milling rate can reach more than 72%. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-section of this embodiment;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the windbreak panel;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of an air separator;
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle heating structure.
[0027] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Main shaft; 3. Power mechanism (gear motor); 4. Hot air device (steam heat exchanger); 5. Discharge port; 6. Inlet; 7. Hot air inlet; 8. Cold air outlet; 9. Screw ribbon; 10. Screen; 11. Impurity outlet; 12. Baffle plate; 13. Fin plate; 14. Discharge chute; 15. Air separator; 16. Inlet; 17. Upper baffle; 18. Lower baffle; 19. Dust suction port; 20. Steam inlet / outlet rotary valve; 21. Heating tube; 22. Sleeve; 23. Bearing device; 24. Circulating heating pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The technical solution will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0029] refer to Figure 1 A spiral cleaning composite dryer for high-moisture grains has the following specific structure: a shell 1, a main shaft 2, a power mechanism 3, and a hot air device 4; the main shaft is inside the shell; the rotation axis of the main shaft is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the main shaft rotates under the drive of the power mechanism; the two ends of the shell 1 are the discharge port 5 and the inlet port 6, respectively; the shell has a hot air inlet 7 and a cold air outlet 8, which are respectively connected to the hot air outlet and the cold air inlet of the hot air device 4.
[0030] It also includes a spiral ribbon 9 and a screen 10. The spiral ribbon is mounted on the main shaft and is located within the air duct between the hot air inlet and the cold air outlet. The screen forms a cylindrical cavity; a gap is left between the cavity and the inner wall of the shell; the first and last ends of the cavity are open and communicate with the discharge port and inlet of the shell, respectively; the spiral ribbon is inside the cavity, and the outer diameter of the cylinder along the spiral ribbon's rotation trajectory is the same as the inner diameter of the cavity. A waste outlet 11 is opened at the bottom of the shell.
[0031] In this example:
[0032] The hot air inlet is directly connected to the first end face of the cavity; air baffles 12 are connected to the first and last end faces of the cavity, respectively; further reference Figure 2 The baffle plate has a circular through hole corresponding to the shape of the cavity (the cavity is inside the through hole), and the outer wall of the cavity and the through hole only have a fitting gap; the inner wall of the shell 1 is connected to a fin plate 13 facing the axis of the cavity, and the main body of the baffle plate 12 is connected to the fin plate 13.
[0033] The cold air outlet 8 is located on the top surface of the housing 1.
[0034] An air separator 15 is connected to the feed inlet of the housing 1; the top of the air separator has an inlet 16, and the bottom outlet of the air separator is connected to the feed inlet.
[0035] Further reference Figure 3 The air separator is connected to upper and lower baffles; the upper baffle 17 is below the inlet 16 and faces diagonally downward; the lower baffle 18 is below the upper baffle opposite to it and faces diagonally downward; the material channel formed by the inlet and the upper and lower baffles is as follows: the material falls vertically from the inlet to the upper baffle, then slides diagonally downward along the upper baffle and falls onto the lower baffle, then slides diagonally downward along the lower baffle and falls toward the feed inlet;
[0036] A dust suction port 19 is provided below the lower baffle, and the dust suction port is connected to the negative pressure fan.
[0037] Further reference Figure 4 The main shaft 2 is hollow; the main shaft includes a heating tube 21 and a sleeve 22; the main body of the heating tube is connected to the sleeve through bearing devices 23 at both ends; the tail end of the heating tube extends out of the tail end face of the sleeve, and the two are sealed by a shaft sealing mechanism; the head end of the sleeve is connected to the power mechanism through a shaft coupling; the heating tube 21 has a circulating heating pipe 24 inside, both ends of the circulating heating pipe are at the tail end of the heating tube, and are connected to the steam circulating heating device through a steam inlet / outlet rotary valve 20.
[0038] In this example, the hot air device and the steam circulation heating device share a steam heat exchanger. The principle is that hot air is obtained by blowing hot air through the heat exchange pipes of the steam circulation heating device using a fan. The steam circulation heating device then provides circulating hot steam to the heating tubes. Simultaneously, heat transfer oil can be injected between the heating tubes and the sleeve to improve heat transfer efficiency.
[0039] The screen is fixed to the screw ribbon. The discharge port 5 is connected to the discharge chute 14, which extends to the bottom of the shell.
[0040] There are multiple (2) cold air outlets on the shell, which are arranged along the axis of the main shaft; the outer wall of the cavity between adjacent cold air outlets is connected to a baffle plate; the baffle plate has a circular through hole corresponding to the shape of the cavity, and the outer wall of the cavity and the through hole are only fitted with a clearance; the inner wall of the shell is connected to a fin plate facing the axis of the cavity, and the main body of the baffle plate is connected to the fin plate.
[0041] There are multiple (2) outlets at the bottom of the casing, which are arranged along the axis of the main shaft.
[0042] The principles and effects of this solution are further illustrated with examples.
[0043] 1. Hollow spiral indirect heating and cleaning structure:
[0044] A 600mm outer diameter spiral ribbon is wound around the hollow main shaft, and a ventilation and cleaning screen is covered around the spiral ribbon.
[0045] The transmission geared motor drives the hollow main shaft, screw belt, and screen to rotate together. During this process, the grain inside is lifted and turned by the flexible screw belt and moves towards the discharge port.
[0046] The hollow main shaft is supplied with 0.6 MPa saturated steam through a steam inlet / outlet rotary valve at the shaft end. This heats the hollow main shaft and indirectly transfers the heat to the surrounding grains. The grains are lifted and turned by the screw conveyor, ensuring that they are always in alternating contact with the hollow main shaft. Furthermore, the designed grain filling rate reaches 50%, which fully guarantees the aforementioned heat transfer effect.
[0047] The grains are gradually heated, and the surface moisture begins to evaporate. The released steam enters the subsequent hot steam heat exchanger. During the tumbling process, impurities are continuously discharged through the ventilation screen and exited through the bottom impurity outlet.
[0048] 2. Hot air drying structure:
[0049] Air heated by a steam heat exchanger is blown into the hot air inlet by a blower, and the temperature of the hot air is controlled at 120 degrees Celsius by a temperature control ratio regulating device.
[0050] Subsequently, hot air enters the interior of the hollow spiral indirect heating and cleaning structure, while the baffle plate at this time serves to limit the hot air to pass through its interior and prevent it from overflowing.
[0051] The internal hot air exchanges heat thoroughly with the grains that are turned and tumble inside, further heating and drying the grains and removing a large amount of moisture. After drying, the moisture passes through a ventilated sieve (screen) and is then discharged from the two air outlets at the top.
[0052] 3. Air Separation Module:
[0053] A uniform material separation device is installed at the feed inlet. The inner baffle distributes and spreads the grain material into a thin layer. After the grain is turned over twice, the light dust, husks and straw in the grain are sucked out by the negative pressure of the dust suction port.
[0054] This process greatly reduces the burden of cleaning the subsequent screens, and the reduction of impurities also improves the heating and drying effect.
Claims
1. A spiral cleaning and drying machine for high-moisture grains, specifically comprising: Includes housing, main shaft, power mechanism, and hot air device; The main shaft is inside the housing; the rotation axis of the main shaft is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the main shaft rotates under the drive of the power mechanism; the two ends of the housing are the discharge port and the feed port, respectively; the housing has a hot air inlet and a cold air outlet, which are connected to the hot air outlet and cold air inlet of the hot air device, respectively. Its features include a spiral ribbon and a screen; The screw ribbon is installed on the main shaft and is located in the air duct between the hot air inlet and the cold air outlet. The screen forms a cylindrical cavity; there is a gap between the cavity and the inner wall of the shell; the first and last ends of the cavity are open and are connected to the discharge port and the inlet of the shell, respectively; the screw ribbon is inside the cavity, and the outer diameter of the cylinder on which the screw ribbon rotates is the same as the inner diameter of the cavity; An outlet for waste is provided at the bottom of the casing.
2. The spiral cleaning and drying machine for high-moisture grains according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses hot air. The inlet is directly connected to the first end face of the cavity; The front and rear ends of the cavity are respectively connected to air baffles; The baffle plate has a circular through hole that corresponds to the shape of the cavity, and the outer wall of the cavity and the through hole are only fitted with a clearance; the inner wall of the shell is connected to a fin plate facing the axis of the cavity, and the main body of the baffle plate is connected to the fin plate. The cold air outlet is located on the top surface of the casing.
3. The spiral cleaning and drying machine for high-moisture grains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft is hollow; the main shaft includes a heating tube and a sleeve; the main body of the heating tube is connected to the sleeve through bearing devices at both ends; the tail end of the heating tube extends out of the tail end face of the sleeve, and the two are sealed by a shaft sealing mechanism; the head end of the sleeve is connected to the power mechanism through a shaft coupling; the heating tube has a circulating heating pipe inside, and both ends of the circulating heating pipe are at the tail end of the heating tube, and are connected to the steam circulating heating device through a steam inlet / outlet rotary valve.
4. The spiral cleaning and drying machine for high-moisture grains according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air separator is connected to the feed inlet of the housing; the air separator has an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom that is connected to the feed inlet. The air separator is connected to upper and lower baffles; the upper baffle is below the inlet and faces diagonally downward; the lower baffle is below the opposite side of the upper baffle and faces diagonally downward; the material channel formed by the inlet and the upper and lower baffles is as follows: the material falls vertically from the inlet to the upper baffle, then slides diagonally downward along the upper baffle and falls onto the lower baffle, then slides diagonally downward along the lower baffle and falls toward the feed inlet; A dust suction port is located below the lower baffle and is connected to a negative pressure fan.
5. The spiral cleaning and drying machine for high-moisture grains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen is fixed to the screw ribbon.
6. The spiral cleaning and drying machine for high-moisture grains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port is connected to a discharge chute, which extends to the bottom of the housing.
7. The spiral cleaning and drying machine for high-moisture grains according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple cold air outlets on the casing, which are arranged along the axis of the main shaft; the outer wall of the cavity between adjacent cold air outlets is connected by a baffle plate. The baffle plate has a circular through hole that corresponds to the shape of the cavity, and the outer wall of the cavity and the through hole are only fitted with a clearance; the inner wall of the shell is connected to a fin plate facing the axis of the cavity, and the main body of the baffle plate is connected to the fin plate. The cold air outlet is located on the top surface of the casing.
8. The spiral cleaning and drying machine for high-moisture grains according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple discharge ports at the bottom of the casing, which are arranged along the axis of the main shaft.