A device for detecting the seismic performance of a house structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of housing structure seismic performance detection devices, relate to building structure detection technical field, including general portal, loading beam, long screw rod, connector, sliding traction assembly and sliding track;Loading beam is connected with the loading floor of housing structure test piece by long screw rod, loading beam is connected with actuator by connector, actuator is fixed with counterforce wall, sliding traction assembly is connected with loading beam vertical direction.This utility model is connected with the vertical connection of sliding traction assembly and loading beam, effectively overcome the gravity effect of loading beam, long screw rod, connector and actuator, on the one hand can strictly limit the vertical displacement of loading beam, avoid additional load due to vertical displacement during loading process, on the other hand, eliminate the additional influence of gravity to test piece, eliminate the drawbacks that traditional distribution beam weight interferes test result, ensure the pure state of horizontal load application, greatly improve the accuracy and reliability of test data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building structure testing technology, specifically to a device for testing the seismic performance of building structures. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the construction industry, the seismic performance of building structures has become a key indicator for measuring building safety. Quasi-static testing is a common method for testing the seismic performance of building structures. This method simulates the impact of earthquakes on building structures by applying low-cycle repeated horizontal loads to the building structure, thereby assessing its seismic resistance.

[0003] This method simulates seismic forces on structures or components by applying low-cycle cyclic loading. The implementation typically involves two parts: the application of vertical forces and the application of reciprocating horizontal forces. Vertical forces are generally applied using gantry frames, main beams, and vertical jacks, while reciprocating horizontal forces are applied using hydraulic servo actuators and corresponding connecting devices. Currently, quasi-static tests are mostly used for structural specimens such as shear walls, beams, columns, joints, and planar frames. The main characteristics of quasi-static tests on these specimens are that the reciprocating horizontal forces are relatively small and the horizontal force application point is only one on the same horizontal plane. A simple horizontal connecting device made of thick steel plates and long screws can meet the test requirements. This addresses the problem that using thick steel plates and long screws to create simple horizontal connecting devices is insufficient to meet the rigidity and strength requirements of the loading device for the specimens, and may also pose safety hazards and interfere with the accuracy of test results. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a seismic performance testing device for building structures to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A seismic performance testing device for building structures includes a general frame, a loading beam, a long screw, a connector, a sliding traction assembly, and a sliding track. The loading beam is connected to the loading floor of the building structure specimen via the long screw. The loading beam is connected to an actuator via the connector. The actuator is fixed to a reaction wall. The sliding traction assembly is vertically connected to the loading beam. The sliding traction assembly is slidably engaged with the sliding track fixed on the general frame. Also includes: The general gantry consists of four uprights, two support beams, and one gantry crossbeam. The uprights are arranged in a rectangular pattern. The support beams are positioned in the non-load direction and are connected to the uprights by bolts. The gantry crossbeam is positioned in the load direction and is connected to the support beams by bolts.

[0006] A further improvement of this utility model is that the gantry beam is positioned above the support beam, or is fixed to the bottom of the support beam by a reliable connection.

[0007] A further improvement of this utility model is that: the loading beam consists of two steel beams, which are located at both ends of the loading direction of the house structure specimen, and the two steel beams are clamped to the loading floor of the house structure specimen by multiple long screws; fastening nuts are provided at both ends of the long screws.

[0008] A further improvement of this utility model is that the loading beam is a densely ribbed steel beam welded from thick steel plates, and the steel beam has pre-set screw holes for long screws to pass through. The number of long screws is even and they are distributed in a dispersed manner, and the number of long screws distributed on the upper and lower floors of the loading floor is the same.

[0009] A further improvement of this utility model is that the connector is welded from two thick steel plates and a grid rib plate, and both the connector and the loading beam are pre-set with bolt holes for the connecting bolts to pass through.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the sliding traction assembly includes a sliding assembly, a traction wire rope, and a wire rope length adjuster; the sliding assembly is slidably engaged with the sliding track, one end of the traction wire rope is connected to the sliding assembly, and the other end is connected to the loading beam, and the wire rope length adjuster is disposed on the traction wire rope.

[0011] A further improvement of this utility model is that the sliding track consists of two long steel rails fixed to the top of the gantry beam, and the direction of the sliding track is parallel to the direction of the gantry beam.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the sliding assembly includes a steel shaft and bearings. The length of the steel shaft is greater than the width of the gantry beam. The two bearings are respectively assembled at both ends of the steel shaft, and the bearings are rolled to fit the sliding track. A baffle is fixedly installed on the top of the steel shaft to prevent the bearings from disengaging from the sliding track along the axial direction of the steel shaft.

[0013] A further improvement of this utility model is that: the loading beam is provided with four lifting lugs, the steel shaft has grooves at both ends, one end of the traction steel wire rope is engaged in the groove, and the other end is connected to the loading beam through the lifting lugs. The grooves at both ends of the steel shaft and the lifting lugs on the loading beam are vertically aligned, so that the traction steel wire rope is suspended without tilting.

[0014] A further improvement of this utility model is that the house structure specimen also includes a pressure beam and pressure beam fastening bolts. The bottom fixed end of the house structure specimen is fixed to the test site by the pressure beam and pressure beam fastening bolts, and the T-shaped head of the pressure beam fastening bolt is engaged in the ground trench.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technological progress achieved by this utility model compared to the prior art is as follows: 1. This utility model provides a seismic performance testing device for building structures. By using two loading beams in conjunction with multiple even-numbered distributed long screws, the test specimen is loaded onto the entire floor, so that the horizontal reciprocating load is applied to the entire floor, forming a uniformly distributed stress state. This effectively solves the problem of local stress concentration and easy damage to components caused by concentrated force loading in the prior art, significantly reduces the risk of test failure, and makes the test results more reflective of the actual seismic performance of the structure.

[0016] 2. This utility model provides a seismic performance testing device for building structures. By vertically connecting the sliding traction component with the loading beam, it effectively overcomes the gravity of the loading beam, long screw, connector and actuator. On the one hand, it can strictly limit the vertical displacement of the loading beam and avoid additional loads caused by vertical movement during loading. On the other hand, it eliminates the additional influence of gravity on the specimen, eliminates the drawback of the traditional distribution beam weight interfering with the test results, ensures the pure state application of horizontal load, and greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of test data.

[0017] 3. This utility model provides a seismic performance testing device for building structures. The sliding traction component stably suspends the loading beam on the sliding track of the portal frame beam via a traction steel wire rope, ensuring both the freedom of horizontal reciprocating motion of the loading beam and reliable vertical constraint. Compared to traditional designs where the distribution beam lacks vertical fixation, this device effectively prevents the risk of the loading beam loosening or falling due to localized fracture of the specimen or device during testing, providing a safety guarantee for the testing operation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a plan view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a planar schematic diagram of the sliding component of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the loading beam structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding track structure of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding component structure of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Sliding assembly; 2. Sliding track; 3. Ground trench; 4. Traction wire rope; 5. Fastening nut; 6. Loading beam; 7. Pressure beam; 8. Wire rope length adjuster; 9. Pressure beam fastening bolt; 10. Portal beam; 11. Actuator; 12. House structure specimen; 13. Column; 14. Reaction wall; 15. Groove; 16. Bearing; 17. Baffle; 18. Lifting lug; 19. Screw hole; 20. Long screw; 21. Connector; 22. Support beam; 23. Steel shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments: like Figure 1-6 As shown, this utility model has the following two specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1 This utility model provides a seismic performance testing device for building structures, including a general frame, a loading beam 6, a long screw 20, a connector 21, a sliding traction component, and a sliding track 2. The loading beam 6 is connected to the loading floor of the building structure specimen 12 through the long screw 20. The loading beam 6 is connected to the actuator 11 through the connector 21. The actuator 11 is fixed to the reaction wall 14. The sliding traction component is vertically connected to the loading beam 6. The sliding traction component is slidably engaged with the sliding track 2 fixed on the general frame. Also includes: A typical portal frame consists of four uprights 13, two support beams 22, and one portal frame crossbeam 10. The uprights 13 are arranged in a rectangular pattern. The support beams 22 are positioned in the non-loading direction and are connected to the uprights 13 by bolts. The portal frame crossbeam 10 is positioned in the loading direction and is connected to the support beams 22 by bolts. The portal frame crossbeam 10 is positioned above the support beams 22 or is reliably fixed below the support beams 22. The loading beam 6 consists of two steel beams, located at the two ends of the building structure specimen 12 in the loading direction, and the two beams... The steel beam is clamped to the loading floor of the house structure specimen 12 by multiple long screws 20. The two ends of the long screws 20 are equipped with fastening nuts 5. The loading beam 6 is a densely ribbed steel beam welded from thick steel plates. The steel beam has pre-set screw holes 19 for the long screws 20 to pass through. The long screws 20 are even in number and distributed in a dispersed manner. The number of long screws 20 distributed on the upper and lower floors of the loading floor is the same. The connector 21 is welded from two thick steel plates and a grid rib plate. Both the connector 21 and the loading beam 6 have pre-set bolt holes for the connecting bolts to pass through.

[0022] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, the gantry serves as the load-bearing frame of the entire testing device. It provides stable vertical support through four rectangular columns 13. After the columns 13 are fixed to the testing site, the support beams 22 are installed along the non-loading direction and fastened to the columns 13 with bolts. Then, the gantry beams 10 are bolted to the support beams 22 along the loading direction. The loading beams 6 are made of closely ribbed steel beams welded from two thick steel plates. Their structural design ensures sufficient strength and rigidity, allowing them to be adapted to different sizes of building structure specimens 12 and reused. During testing, the two steel beams are respectively attached to both ends of the building structure specimen 12 in the loading direction. Multiple long screws 20 are inserted through the pre-set screw holes 19 on the steel beams. By tightening the fastening nuts 5 at both ends of the long screws 20, the two steel beams work together to clamp the loading floor of the building structure specimen 12. The sliding track 2 is fixed to the top of the gantry beams 10, and its extension direction is parallel to the loading direction, providing a directional movement trajectory for the sliding traction components. The sliding traction assembly is vertically connected to the loading beam 6. The loading beam 6 is suspended from the steel shaft of the sliding assembly via four pre-set lugs on its surface, using a traction steel cable. The grooves at both ends of the steel shaft correspond vertically to the lugs, ensuring the traction steel cable is suspended without tilt. One end of the actuator 11 is fixed to the reaction wall 14, and the other end is connected to the loading beam 6 near the reaction wall 14 via a connector 21. The connector 21 is welded from two thick steel plates and a grid-like rib plate. Its structural design ensures the rigidity and stability of force transmission. Both the connector 21 and the loading beam 6 have pre-set bolt holes, allowing for detachable fastening via connecting bolts, facilitating assembly and replacement. During testing, the actuator 11 outputs a horizontal driving force according to a pre-set low-cycle repetitive loading program. This driving force is transmitted to the loading beam 6 through the connector 21. Since the loading beam 6 is already firmly fixed to the loading floor of the building structure specimen 12 via a long screw 20, the driving force is further evenly transmitted to the entire loading floor, simulating the horizontal reciprocating inertial force under earthquake action. By continuously applying this reciprocating load, observing the deformation, load-bearing capacity attenuation law, and failure characteristics of the building structure specimen 12, a systematic test of its seismic performance can be completed.

[0023] Example 2 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that this embodiment discloses a sliding traction assembly including a sliding assembly 1, a traction wire rope 4, and a wire rope length adjuster 8; the sliding assembly 1 is slidably engaged with the sliding rail 2, one end of the traction wire rope 4 is connected to the sliding assembly 1, and the other end is connected to the loading beam 6, the wire rope length adjuster 8 is disposed on the traction wire rope 4, the sliding rail 2 consists of two long steel rails fixed to the top of the gantry beam 10, and the direction of the sliding rail 2 is parallel to the direction of the gantry beam 10, the sliding assembly 1 includes a steel shaft 23 and bearings 16, the length of the steel shaft 23 is greater than the width of the gantry beam 10, and two bearings 16 are respectively mounted on both ends of the steel shaft 23, and the bearings 16 are rollably adapted to the sliding rail 2. A baffle 17 is fixedly installed on the top of the steel shaft 23. The baffle 17 is used to prevent the bearing 16 from disengaging from the sliding rail 2 along the axial direction of the steel shaft 23. Four lifting lugs 18 are provided on the loading beam 6. The steel shaft 23 has grooves 15 at both ends. One end of the traction steel wire rope 4 is engaged in the groove 15, and the other end is connected to the loading beam 6 through the lifting lug 18. The grooves 15 at both ends of the steel shaft 23 and the lifting lugs 18 on the loading beam 6 are vertically aligned, so that the traction steel wire rope 4 is suspended without tilting. The house structure specimen 12 also includes a pressure beam 7 and a pressure beam fastening bolt 9. The bottom fixed end of the house structure specimen 12 is fixed to the test site through the pressure beam 7 and the pressure beam fastening bolt 9. The T-shaped head of the pressure beam fastening bolt 9 is engaged in the ground groove 3.

[0024] like Figure 3 , 4As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the traction wire rope 4 is the core load-bearing component connecting the sliding assembly 1 and the loading beam 6, and its suspension method directly determines the gravity offsetting effect. The four lugs 18 on the loading beam 6 correspond precisely vertically to the grooves 15 at both ends of the steel shaft 23. One end of the traction wire rope 4 is engaged in the groove 15 of the steel shaft 23, and the other end is reliably connected to the lug 18, ensuring that the traction wire rope 4 is suspended without tilting. This tilt-free design ensures that the tension of the traction wire rope 4 is completely vertically upward, accurately offsetting the weight of the loading beam 6, the long screw 20, the connector 21, and other components. This prevents the weight of these components from being transferred to the building structure specimen 12, forming an additional vertical load, thus eliminating the interference of gravity on the test results from the root, ensuring that the test data truly reflects the seismic performance of the building structure. The wire rope length adjuster 8 is installed on the traction wire rope 4, and its core function is to achieve precise adjustment of the height and level of the loading beam 6, adapting to building structure specimens 12 of different sizes. During the installation phase, the effective length of the traction wire rope 4 can be changed by adjusting the length adjuster 8. Then, the bottom of the house structure specimen 12 is fixed as a rigid reference by the cooperation of the pressure beam 7 and the pressure beam fastening bolts 9. The sliding rail 2 provides a stable guide trajectory for the sliding component 1. The sliding component 1 achieves low-resistance horizontal movement through the bearing 16, and the baffle 17 ensures its safe operation. The traction wire rope 4 connects the sliding component 1 and the loading beam 6 in a non-tilting manner, accurately offsetting the weight of the loading component. The wire rope length adjuster 8 completes the adaptation of the height and level of the loading beam.

[0025] The working principle of this building structure seismic performance testing device will be explained in detail below.

[0026] like Figure 1-6As shown, the pressure beam 7 is attached to the top surface of the bottom fixed end of the house structure specimen 12. The pressure beam fastening bolt 9 passes through the preset hole of the pressure beam 7, and its T-shaped head is engaged in the ground trench 3 of the test site. After tightening the bolt and nut, the pressure beam 7 generates a downward clamping force, which firmly fixes the bottom of the specimen to the site. The four columns 13 are arranged in a rectangle and fixed to the test site to provide a vertical bearing foundation. The support beam 22 is installed along the non-loading direction and is fastened to the column 13 with bolts to form a horizontally stable structure. Then, the portal beam 10 is bolted to the support beam 22 along the loading direction to form a complete portal system. During the test, the two steel beams are attached to the two ends of the house structure specimen 12 in the loading direction. Multiple long screws 20 are inserted through the preset screw holes 19 on the steel beams. By tightening the fastening nuts 5 at both ends of the long screws 20, the two steel beams work together to clamp the loading floor of the specimen. The long screws 20 are arranged in an even number and the number is consistent across the loading floors to ensure uniform distribution of clamping force. This makes the loading beam and the specimen form an integral load-bearing structure, laying the foundation for the uniform distribution and transfer of subsequent horizontal loads. The core function of the sliding traction assembly is to eliminate the interference of the self-weight of the loading components on the test results and to ensure the smoothness and safety of horizontal loading. The application and transfer of horizontal reciprocating loads are achieved through the actuator 11 and the connector 21: one end of the actuator 11 is fixed to the reaction wall 14, and the other end is detachably connected to the loading beam 6 near the reaction wall via the connector 21. The connector 21 is welded from two thick steel plates and a grid rib plate, which has a strong structural rigidity. Both the connector and the loading beam 6 have pre-drilled bolt holes, which are fastened by connecting bolts to ensure the stability of force transmission and ease of assembly. During testing, actuator 11 outputs a horizontal driving force according to a preset low-cycle repetitive loading program. This driving force is transmitted to the loading beam 6 through connector 21. Since the loading beam is firmly fixed to the loading floor of the specimen, the driving force is further evenly transmitted to the entire loading floor, accurately simulating the horizontal reciprocating inertial force under seismic action. By continuously applying this reciprocating load, the deformation, load-bearing capacity attenuation law, and failure characteristics of the building structure specimen 12 can be observed, thus completing a systematic and accurate test of its seismic performance.

[0027] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the seismic performance of building structures, characterized in that: It includes a general gantry, a loading beam (6), a long screw (20), a connector (21), a sliding traction assembly, and a sliding rail (2); the loading beam (6) is connected to the loading floor of the house structure specimen (12) through the long screw (20), the loading beam (6) is connected to the actuator (11) through the connector (21), the actuator (11) is fixed to the reaction wall (14), the sliding traction assembly is vertically connected to the loading beam (6), and the sliding traction assembly is slidably engaged with the sliding rail (2) fixed on the general gantry; Also includes: The general gantry consists of four columns (13), two support beams (22), and a gantry crossbeam (10). The columns (13) are arranged in a rectangular shape. The support beams (22) are placed in the non-load direction and are connected to the columns (13) by bolts. The gantry crossbeam (10) is placed in the load direction and is connected to the support beams (22) by bolts.

2. The seismic performance testing device for building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gantry beam (10) is located above the support beam (22) or is fixed below the support beam (22) by a reliable connection.

3. The seismic performance testing device for building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading beam (6) consists of two steel beams, which are located at both ends of the loading direction of the house structure specimen (12), and the two steel beams are clamped together by multiple long screws (20) to the loading floor of the house structure specimen (12); the two ends of the long screws (20) are provided with fastening nuts (5).

4. The seismic performance testing device for building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading beam (6) is a densely ribbed steel beam welded from thick steel plates. The steel beam has pre-set screw holes (19) for long screws (20) to pass through. The long screws (20) are even in number and distributed in a dispersed manner, and the number of long screws (20) distributed on the upper and lower floors of the loading floor is the same.

5. The seismic performance testing device for building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (21) is welded from two thick steel plates and a grid rib plate. Both the connector (21) and the loading beam (6) are pre-set with bolt holes for the connecting bolts to pass through.

6. The seismic performance testing device for building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding traction assembly includes a sliding assembly (1), a traction wire rope (4), and a wire rope length adjuster (8); the sliding assembly (1) is slidably engaged with the sliding track (2), one end of the traction wire rope (4) is connected to the sliding assembly (1), and the other end is connected to the loading beam (6), and the wire rope length adjuster (8) is disposed on the traction wire rope (4).

7. The seismic performance testing device for building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding track (2) consists of two long steel rails fixed to the top of the gantry beam (10), and the direction of the sliding track (2) is parallel to the direction of the gantry beam (10).

8. A seismic performance testing device for building structures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (1) includes a steel shaft (23) and bearings (16). The length of the steel shaft (23) is greater than the width of the gantry beam (10). Two bearings (16) are respectively mounted on both ends of the steel shaft (23), and the bearings (16) are rolled to fit the sliding track (2). A baffle (17) is fixedly installed on the top of the steel shaft (23). The baffle (17) is used to prevent the bearings (16) from disengaging from the sliding track (2) along the axial direction of the steel shaft (23).

9. A seismic performance testing device for building structures according to claim 8, characterized in that: The loading beam (6) is provided with four lifting lugs (18), and the steel shaft (23) has grooves (15) at both ends. One end of the traction steel wire rope (4) is inserted into the groove (15), and the other end is connected to the loading beam (6) through the lifting lugs (18). The grooves (15) at both ends of the steel shaft (23) and the lifting lugs (18) on the loading beam (6) are vertically corresponding, so that the traction steel wire rope (4) is suspended without tilting angle.

10. A seismic performance testing device for building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The house structure specimen (12) also includes a pressure beam (7) and a pressure beam fastening bolt (9). The bottom fixed end of the house structure specimen (12) is fixed to the test site by the pressure beam (7) and the pressure beam fastening bolt (9). The T-shaped head of the pressure beam fastening bolt (9) is engaged in the ground trench (3).

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