A soil and rock sampling device for highway engineering geological exploration

Abstract

This utility model provides a soil and rock sampling device for highway engineering geological exploration, comprising: a shell, a fixing block fixedly installed at the upper end of the shell, and a mudguard fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell. This soil and rock sampling device for highway engineering geological exploration, through the arrangement of a drive gear, a secondary gear, an auxiliary support, a main bevel gear, and a secondary gear, ensures stable power transmission and reasonable speed adjustment through the meshing of the drive gear and driven gear, allowing for effective conversion of the operator's force and adapting to the cutting needs of different geological formations. The cooperation between the main bevel gear and the secondary bevel gear efficiently completes the conversion of power direction from lateral to vertical, with precise transmission and low loss, providing a continuous and strong rotational force for the drill bit. The auxiliary support, through ergonomic design, converts body force into drilling pressure, enhancing operational stability while reducing physical exertion and improving the device's adaptability to complex geological conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sampling device technology, and more specifically, to a soil and rock sampling device for highway engineering geological exploration. Background Technology

[0002] In highway construction, geological investigation is a crucial step in ensuring the safety and stability of the project, and the sampling and testing of foundation soil and rock is one of the core components of geological investigation. By obtaining representative soil and rock samples, it is possible to accurately analyze key indicators such as the physical and mechanical properties, composition, and structural characteristics of the soil and rock. This provides important scientific basis for highway route planning, subgrade design, foundation selection, and construction plan formulation, directly affecting the quality, cost, and service life of the highway project.

[0003] However, existing soil and rock sampling devices have the following problems when in use:

[0004] During drilling, excessively high machine speeds can damage the original structure of the soil sample, leading to sample distortion and affecting the accuracy of test results. Conversely, excessively low speeds make it difficult to drill through harder soil, increasing sampling difficulty and time costs. Manual drilling, lacking effective force-applying structures, relies solely on the operator's arm strength, resulting in significant physical exertion and potential device swaying due to reaction forces. This not only affects sampling stability but may also disturb the sample, further reducing sample quality and failing to meet the requirements for precise exploration.

[0005] This invention can efficiently transmit power, adapt to different geological formations, enhance operational stability, reduce physical exertion, reduce component wear, improve sampling efficiency and comfort, and provide reliable support for geological exploration in highway engineering. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art and provide a soil and rock sampling device for highway engineering geological exploration.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a soil and rock sampling device for highway engineering geological exploration, comprising: a shell, a fixing block fixedly installed at the upper end of the shell, a mudguard fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell, a receiving cavity opened inside the shell, a rotating rod rotatably installed inside the receiving cavity, a rotating rod rotatably installed below the rotating rod rotatably, and a fixed rod rotatably installed below the rotating rod rotatably. The rotating rod rotatably and the rotating rod rotatably are arranged horizontally, and the fixed rod is arranged vertically. The rotating rod rotatably drives the rotating rod rotatably to rotate, and the rotating rod rotatably drives the fixed rod to rotate. A drill bit is rotatably connected to the bottom of the mudguard, and the upper end of the drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed rod.

[0008] A further preferred embodiment: a driving gear is fixedly connected to the right side of the first rotating rod, and a driven gear is fixedly installed on the right side of the second rotating rod. The driving gear and the driven gear mesh with each other, and the transmission ratio between the driving gear and the driven gear is 1:5.

[0009] A further preferred embodiment: a main bevel gear is fixedly installed on the left side of the rotating rod two, and a secondary bevel gear meshes with one side of the bottom of the main bevel gear.

[0010] A further preferred embodiment: the secondary bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the fixed rod, the main bevel gear meshes with the secondary bevel gear, and the transmission ratio is 1:5.

[0011] A further preferred embodiment: the right end of the rotating rod passes through the housing, and the exposed part is fixedly connected to a handle, with a leather sleeve nested in the grip of the handle.

[0012] A further preferred embodiment: a support rod is fixedly installed on the upper end of the fixing block, and an auxiliary support is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support rod.

[0013] A further preferred embodiment: a connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the upper end of the mudguard shell, and a bearing is fixedly installed at the upper end of the connecting pipe.

[0014] A further preferred embodiment: the fixing rod is rotatably connected to the bearing, and passes through the bearing and connecting pipe to be fixedly connected to the drill bit.

[0015] Beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. By incorporating a drive gear and a secondary gear, efficient power transmission and speed regulation are achieved. The gear meshing transmission features smooth transmission and low power loss, stably transmitting the rotational force applied by the operator to subsequent components, preventing power interruption or fluctuations from affecting sampling stability. At the same time, the reasonable gear ratio design can amplify the speed according to the characteristics of the rock and soil, significantly increasing the drill bit cutting speed and reducing drilling time when dealing with soft strata. Furthermore, the structural characteristics of the gear transmission can rationally convert the operator's hand strength, reducing the physical exertion required for direct drive and making operation more labor-saving and convenient.

[0017] 2. By incorporating an auxiliary support, a stable fulcrum for the operator can be provided. The operator can lean against the auxiliary support, forming a multi-point force structure that converts body force into downward drilling pressure, effectively enhancing the drill bit's ability to cut into rock and soil layers. Especially in slightly harder strata, it reduces the physical exertion of relying solely on arm strength. At the same time, the auxiliary support balances the reaction force during operation, preventing the device from shaking due to uneven force distribution, ensuring the stability of components such as gear transmission and drill bit rotation, reducing wear on components caused by vibration, and extending the device's service life. In addition, its ergonomic design improves operating comfort, making it easier for operators to work for extended periods and further improving sampling efficiency.

[0018] 3. By incorporating a main bevel gear and a secondary gear, efficient conversion of power transmission direction is achieved. This smoothly transforms lateral rotational power into vertical rotational power, ensuring the vertical rotation requirements of the fixed rod and drill bit. This makes power transmission more compatible with the structural layout of the device. Simultaneously, the meshing transmission between the two gears has high transmission accuracy and stability, reducing losses during power transmission and ensuring stable performance of the speed amplification effect. This allows the drill bit to obtain continuous and strong rotational force, adapting to different rock and soil cutting needs. Furthermore, this bevel gear combination structure is compact, saving internal space of the device. It also has low wear, high durability, and can maintain a high-efficiency transmission state for a long time, helping to improve overall sampling efficiency.

[0019] 4. In summary, this type of soil and rock sampling device for highway engineering geological exploration, through the arrangement of a drive gear, a secondary gear, an auxiliary support, a main bevel gear, and a secondary gear, ensures stable power transmission and reasonable speed adjustment through the meshing of the drive gear and driven gear, allowing the operator's force to be effectively converted and adapting to the cutting needs of different strata. The cooperation between the main bevel gear and the secondary bevel gear efficiently completes the conversion of power direction from lateral to vertical, with precise transmission and low loss, providing a continuous and strong rotational force for the drill bit. The auxiliary support, through ergonomic design, converts body force into drilling pressure, enhancing operational stability while reducing physical exertion. These structures work together to not only improve the device's adaptability to complex geological conditions and reduce power loss and component wear, but also significantly improve sampling efficiency and operational comfort, providing reliable equipment support for highway engineering geological exploration. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gear transmission structure of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 1-3 In the middle: 1. Shell; 101. Receiving cavity; 102. Rotating rod one; 103. Rotating rod two; 104. Driving gear; 105. Driven gear; 106. Main bevel gear; 107. Secondary bevel gear; 108. Fixed rod; 109. Handle; 110. Leather sleeve; 2. Fixed block; 201. Support rod; 202. Auxiliary support; 3. Mudguard shell; 301. Connecting pipe; 302. Bearing; 303. Drill bit. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following will refer to the appendix in the embodiments of this utility model. Figures 1-3 The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-3In this embodiment of the present invention, a soil and rock sampling device for highway engineering geological exploration includes: a shell 1, a fixing block 2 fixedly installed at the upper end of the shell 1, a mudguard shell 3 fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell 1, a receiving cavity 101 inside the shell 1, a rotating rod 102 rotatably installed inside the receiving cavity 101, a rotating rod 103 rotatably installed below the rotating rod 102, and a fixed rod 108 rotatably installed below the rotating rod 103. The rotating rod 102 and the rotating rod 103 are arranged horizontally, and the fixed rod 108 is arranged vertically. The rotating rod 102 drives the rotating rod 103 to rotate, and the rotating rod 103 drives the fixed rod 108 to rotate. A drill bit 303 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the shell 3. The upper end of the drill bit 303 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed rod 108. The right end of the rotating rod 102 passes through the shell 1, and a handle 109 is fixedly connected to the exposed part. A leather sleeve 110 is nested in the grip of the handle 109. A connecting pipe 301 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the mudguard shell 3. A bearing 302 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the connecting pipe 301. The fixed rod 108 is rotatably connected to the bearing 302 and passes through the bearing 302 and the connecting pipe 301 to be fixedly connected to the drill bit 303. The operator first moves the device to the survey point to be sampled, ensuring that the bottom of the mudguard shell 3 is in stable contact with the ground. Holding the handle 109 with the leather sleeve 110 nested in it, the operator rotates the handle 109 by hand, causing the rotating rod 102 fixedly connected to it to rotate synchronously in the receiving cavity 101 of the shell 1. When the rotating rod 102 rotates, it drives the horizontally arranged rotating rod 103 to rotate accordingly, realizing power transmission. Since the rotating rod 103 is connected to the vertically installed fixed rod 108, the rotational motion of the rotating rod 103 is converted into the rotation of the fixed rod 108. The fixed rod 108 rotates stably within the bearing 302 at the upper end of the connecting pipe 301, and simultaneously extends into the mudguard 3 through the connecting pipe 301. As the fixed rod 108 rotates, the drill bit 303, which is fixedly connected to its bottom, rotates synchronously at the bottom inside the mudguard 3. The rotating drill bit 303 contacts the ground and cuts into the soil layer, beginning the sampling operation. The mudguard 3 serves to prevent mud from splashing during the sampling process, keeping the working environment clean. As the handle 109 is continuously rotated, the drill bit 303 continues to penetrate deeper into the soil and rock layer. When the sampling reaches the preset depth, the handle 109 is rotated in the opposite direction. Through the transmission of the rotating rod 102, the rotating rod 2 103 and the fixed rod 108, the drill bit 303 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction and gradually withdraw from the soil and rock layer. Then, the soil inside the drill bit is cleaned out, and it re-enters the borehole to perform the sampling operation. Finally, the collected soil and rock samples are taken out from the drill bit 303 for subsequent testing and analysis.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, a drive gear 104 is fixedly connected to the right side of the first rotating rod 102, and a driven gear 105 is fixedly installed on the right side of the second rotating rod 103. The drive gear 104 and the driven gear 105 mesh, and the transmission ratio between the drive gear 104 and the driven gear 105 is 1:5. When the operator holds the handle 109 of the nested leather sleeve 110 and applies a rotational force, the first rotating rod 102 rotates within the receiving cavity 101 of the housing 1. At this time, the drive gear 104 on the right side of the first rotating rod 102 rotates synchronously. Since the drive gear 104 meshes with the driven gear 105 on the right side of the second rotating rod 103, power is transmitted to the driven gear 105 through gear meshing, thereby driving the second rotating rod 103 to rotate. Because the transmission ratio between the drive gear 104 and the driven gear 105 is 1:5, that is, for every 1 revolution of the drive gear, the driven gear will rotate 5 revolutions. This speed-increasing transmission design can amplify the speed input by the operator by 5 times. The increased rotational motion is transmitted to the vertically positioned fixed rod 108 via the rotating rod 2 103, causing the fixed rod 108 to rotate at a higher speed under the support of the bearing 302. The high-speed rotation of the fixed rod 108 drives the bottom drill bit 303 to rotate rapidly within the mudguard 3. The high-speed rotating drill bit 303 can cut soft rock and soil layers more efficiently, reducing sampling time.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, a main bevel gear 106 is fixedly installed on the left side of the rotating rod 103. A secondary bevel gear 107 meshes with one side of the bottom of the main bevel gear 106. The secondary bevel gear 107 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the fixed rod 108. The main bevel gear 106 and the secondary bevel gear 107 mesh, and the transmission ratio is 1:5. When the operator holds the handle 109 with the leather sleeve 110 and applies a rotational force, the rotating rod 102 rotates within the receiving cavity 101. Through the meshing transmission of the driving gear 104 and the driven gear 105, the rotating rod 103 obtains a speed five times that of the rotating rod 1 and rotates synchronously. At this time, the main bevel gear 106 on the left side of the rotating rod 103 rotates at high speed along with the rotating rod 103. Since the main bevel gear 106 meshes with the secondary bevel gear 107 at the upper end of the fixed rod 108, and the transmission ratio between the two is 1:5, the secondary bevel gear rotates five times for every one revolution of the main bevel gear, achieving a secondary speed increase. This vertical power conversion and speed-up design efficiently converts the power of horizontal rotation into the vertical high-speed rotation of the fixed rod 108, ultimately making the rotational speed of the fixed rod reach 25 times the initial rotational speed of the rotating rod.

[0028] In this embodiment of the invention, a support rod 201 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the fixed block 2, and an auxiliary support 202 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support rod 201. Before sampling, the operator places the device at the location to be surveyed, ensuring that the bottom of the mudguard 3 is in stable contact with the ground. At this time, the support rod 201 at the upper end of the fixed block 2 extends vertically upward, and the auxiliary support 202 at its top forms a stable support point. The operator can press their abdomen against the auxiliary support 202, forming a three-point force structure, which enhances the stability during operation. When the handle 109 is turned, the body applies downward pressure to the device through the auxiliary support 202, which, combined with the rotational force of the hand, makes it easier for the drill bit 303 to cut into the soil layer. Especially when facing slightly harder strata, the auxiliary support 202 can convert the operator's weight into drilling pressure, reducing the physical exertion of relying solely on arm strength, and at the same time avoiding device shaking due to reaction force.

[0029] Working Principle: The operator first moves the device to the sampling point, ensuring that the bottom of the mudguard 3 is in stable contact with the ground. At this time, the support rod 201 at the upper end of the fixed block 2 extends vertically upward, and the auxiliary support 202 at its top forms a stable support point. The operator can press their abdomen against the auxiliary support 202, forming a three-point force structure with the hand gripping the handle 109, the body against the auxiliary support 202, and the feet pushing against the ground, enhancing operational stability. By gripping the handle 109 with the leather sleeve 110 nested inside, the operator rotates the handle 109 by applying force with their hand, causing the rotating rod 102, which is fixedly connected to it, to rotate synchronously within the receiving cavity 101 of the housing 1. The driving gear 104 on the right side of the rotating rod 102 rotates synchronously with the rotating rod 102. Since the driving gear 104 meshes with the driven gear 105 on the right side of the rotating rod 2 103, power is transmitted to the driven gear 105 through gear meshing, thereby driving the rotating rod 2 103 to rotate. Because the transmission ratio between the driving gear 104 and the driven gear 105 is 1:5, meaning that for every one revolution of the driving gear, the driven gear rotates five times, the speed input by the operator is amplified five times. The main bevel gear 106 on the left side of the rotating rod 103 rotates at high speed along with the rotating rod 103. Since the main bevel gear 106 meshes with the secondary bevel gear 107 at the upper end of the fixed rod 108, and their transmission ratio is 1:5, every one revolution of the main bevel gear drives the secondary bevel gear to rotate five times, achieving a secondary speed increase, ultimately making the speed of the fixed rod 108 reach 25 times the initial speed of the rotating rod 1. The fixed rod 108 rotates stably at high speed within the bearing 302 at the upper end of the connecting pipe 301, and simultaneously extends into the mudguard 3 through the connecting pipe 301. As the fixed rod 108 rotates, the drill bit 303 fixedly connected to its bottom rotates synchronously at high speed inside the bottom of the mudguard 3. When the handle 109 is turned, the body applies downward pressure to the device through the auxiliary support 202. Combined with the rotational force of the hand, this causes the high-speed rotating drill bit 303 to contact the ground and more easily cut into the soil and rock layer, initiating the sampling operation. The mudguard 3 prevents mud from splashing during sampling, keeping the working environment clean. As the handle 109 is continuously turned, the drill bit 303 penetrates deeper into the soil and rock layer. Once the preset sampling depth is reached, the handle 109 is turned in the opposite direction. Through the transmission of the rotating rod 102, the driving gear 104, the driven gear 105, the rotating rod 2 103, the main bevel gear 106, the secondary bevel gear 107, and the fixed rod 108, the drill bit 303 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction and gradually withdraw from the soil and rock layer. Then, the soil inside the drill bit is cleaned out, and it re-enters the borehole for sampling. Finally, the collected soil and rock sample is removed from the drill bit 303 for subsequent testing and analysis.

Claims

1. A highway engineering geological exploration rock-soil sampling device, comprising: A housing (1) is provided, wherein a fixing block (2) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the housing (1) and a mudguard shell (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing (1). The housing (1) is characterized in that: a receiving cavity (101) is provided inside the housing (1), a rotating rod (102) is rotatably installed inside the receiving cavity (101), a rotating rod (103) is rotatably installed below the rotating rod (102), and a fixing rod (108) is rotatably installed below the rotating rod (103). The rotating rod (102) and the rotating rod (103) are arranged horizontally, and the fixing rod (108) is arranged vertically. The rotating rod (102) drives the rotating rod (103) to rotate, and the rotating rod (103) drives the fixing rod (108) to rotate. A drill bit (303) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the mudguard shell (3), and the upper end of the drill bit (303) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing rod (108).

2. The rock-soil sampling device for highway engineering geological survey according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drive gear (104) is fixedly connected to the right side of the first rotating rod (102), and a driven gear (105) is fixedly installed on the right side of the second rotating rod (103). The drive gear (104) and the driven gear (105) mesh with each other, and the transmission ratio between the drive gear (104) and the driven gear (105) is 1:

5.

3. The soil and rock sampling device for highway engineering geological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: A main bevel gear (106) is fixedly installed on the left side of the rotating rod (103), and a secondary bevel gear (107) meshes with one side of the bottom of the main bevel gear (106).

4. The rock-soil sampling device for highway engineering geological survey of claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary bevel gear (107) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the fixed rod (108). The main bevel gear (106) meshes with the secondary bevel gear (107), and the transmission ratio is 1:

5.

5. The rock-soil sampling device for highway engineering geological survey of claim 1, wherein: The right end of the rotating rod (102) passes through the housing (1) and the exposed part is fixedly connected to a handle (109). A leather sleeve (110) is nested at the grip of the handle (109).

6. The soil and rock sampling device for highway engineering geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support rod (201) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the fixed block (2), and an auxiliary support (202) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support rod (201).

7. The rock-soil sampling device for highway engineering geological survey of claim 1, wherein: A connecting pipe (301) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the mudguard shell (3), and a bearing (302) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the connecting pipe (301).

8. The rock-soil sampling device for highway engineering geological survey according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing rod (108) is rotatably connected to the bearing (302) and is fixedly connected to the drill bit (303) through the bearing (302) and the connecting pipe (301).

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